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(continued)
(b) Methods of Identification. Where identification is required for piping systems, one or more of the following methods shall be employed.

(1) Complete color painting of all visible parts of the pipe;
(2) Color bands, preferably 8 to 10 inches wide, at various intervals and at each outlet valve or connection.
Where identification is provided by complete color painting or by color bands, a color code shall be posted at those locations where confusion would introduce hazards to employees.
(3) The names of or abbreviations of the names of the materials transported shall be lettered or stenciled on the pipe near the valves or outlets.
(4) Tags of metal or other suitable material naming the material transported shall be fastened securely to the system on or near the valve. Tag legibility shall be maintained.







s 3322. Drilling.
Where petroleum drilling equipment is being used for drilling other than petroleum wells, applicable sections of the California Petroleum Safety Orders -Drilling and Production which pertain to the construction, use, and maintenance of rigs and related drilling equipment shall apply to such operations.


Note: Authority and reference cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3323. Cargo Doors.
(a) Vertically operated doors shall be securely connected to their lifting tackle.
(b) Approved devices shall be provided to hold overhead doors in the open position and to secure them when closed.
(c) Horizontal sliding door rollers shall be constructed to prevent the door from jumping from overhead tracks.
(d) Sliding doors shall be secured to prevent them from swinging. (Title 24, Part 2, Section 2-3303(p))


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3325. Tire Inflation.
(a) Tire inflation shall be accomplished by means of a clip-on chuck with a minimum 24-inch length hose to an in-line foot or hand valve and gauge. A clip-on chuck and an in-line regulator (factory preset at 40 psi maximum for passenger car tires) or a restraining device may be used as an equivalent.
(b) Tire inflation control valves shall automatically shut off the air flow when the valve is released by the operator or be of the preset regulator type.
(c) Specific employee instruction shall be provided which will ensure the employee makes the correct tire to rim size match prior to inflating the tire.
(d) Tires shall not be inflated to more than the inflation pressure recommended by the manufacturer.
(e) Unless otherwise recommended by the manufacturer, tires shall not be inflated beyond a maximum of 40 psi to seat the beads. During inflation, tire beads shall be inspected for proper seating at intervals not to exceed 20 psi. Tires not properly seated at 40 psi, or at the maximum psi recommended by the manufacturer, shall be completely deflated before making the adjustment of the tire, rim or wheel components. Except as permitted in Section 3326, tires shall be in a restraint device when seating the beads.
Exceptions: (1) Automatic tire inflation machines that inflate the tire in a pressurized chamber through the bead seat annulus. (2) Where passenger car or truck tires are serviced at the same facility, an adjustable in-line regulator is allowed as long as the regulator pressure is properly set in each case.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3326. Servicing Single, Split and Multi-Piece Rims or Wheels.
(a) Scope. This section applies to the servicing of single, split, and multi-piece rims or wheels used on vehicles such as forklifts, industrial tractors, trucks, tractors, trailers, busses, and off-road machines.
(b) Definitions.
Barrier. A fence, wall or other structure or object placed between a single, split or multi-piece rim or wheel and employee during tire inflation, to contain the rim wheel components in the event of a sudden release of the contained air from the single, split or multi-piece rim or wheel.
Installing a rim wheel. The transfer and attachment of an assembled rim wheel onto a vehicle axle hub. Removing means the opposite of installing.
Mounting a Tire. The assembly or putting together the wheel and tire components to form a rim wheel, including inflation. Demounting means the opposite of mounting a tire.
Multi-piece rim or wheel. A vehicle rim or wheel consisting of two or more parts, one of which is a side or locking ring designed to hold the tire on the rim or wheel by interlocking components when the tire is inflated.
Restraining device. An apparatus such as a cage, rack, or assemblage of bars and other components that will constrain all rim wheel components during an explosive separation of a split rim wheel, multi-piece rim wheel or during the sudden release of the contained air of a single piece rim wheel.
Rim manual. A publication or chart containing instructions, and safety precautions from the manufacturer or other qualified organization for correct mounting and demounting of tires and safety precautions for the type of rim or wheel being serviced.
Rim wheel. An assemblage of tire, tube and liner, where appropriate, and wheel components.
Single piece rim or wheel. A vehicle rim or wheel consisting of one part, designed to hold the tire on the rim or wheel when the tire is inflated.
Split rim (divided) wheel. A vehicle wheel or rim where the inner section and outer section are assembled back to back and secured by bolts and nuts or other fastening devices. The outer section has additional holes that align to the vehicle wheel studs and are secured to the wheel hub with nuts or other approved means of fastening the wheel to the vehicle hub.
Trajectory. Any potential path or route that a rim wheel component may travel during an explosive separation, or the sudden release of the pressurized air. See Appendix A.
(c) Employee Training. The employer shall establish a training program which shall include, as a minimum, the following elements:
(1) The Accident Prevention Program of Section 3203(a).
(2) The employer shall assure that each employee understands, demonstrates and maintains the ability to service single, split and multi-piece rims or wheels safely, including performance of the following tasks:
(A) Demounting of tires (including deflation).
(B) Inspection and identification of the rim wheel components.
(C) Mounting of tire (including inflation with a restraining device or other safeguard required by this section).
(D) Use of other equipment required by this section.
(E) Inflation of the tire when a single piece rim wheel is installed on a vehicle.
(F) An understanding of the necessity of standing outside the trajectory both during inflation of the tire and during inspection of the rim wheel following inflation.
(G) Installation and removal of rim wheels from the vehicle.
(d) Restraining Devices. A safety tire rack, cage, or equivalent protection shall be provided and used when inflating mounted tires installed on single piece, split rim or rims equipped with locking rings or similar devices.
(e) Restraining devices shall comply with the following requirements:
(1) Each restraining device or barrier shall have the capacity to withstand the force that would be transferred to it during rim or wheel separation occurring at 150 percent of the maximum tire specification pressure for the type of rim or wheel being serviced.
(2) Restraining devices and barriers shall be capable of preventing the rim or wheel components from being thrown outside or beyond the device or barrier for any rim or wheel positioned within or behind the device.
(f) Care and Maintenance of Restraining Devices.

(1) Restraining devices and barriers shall be visually inspected prior to each day's use and after any separation of the rim wheel components. Any restraining device or barrier exhibiting damage such as the following defects shall be immediately removed from service:
(A) Cracks at welds;
(B) Cracked or broken components;
(C) Bent or sprung components caused by mishandling, abuses, tire explosion or rim wheel separation;
(D) Pitting of components due to corrosion;
(E) Restraining devices or barriers requiring structural repair such as component replacement or rewelding shall be removed from service until they are repaired by either the manufacturer or a California certified welder in accordance with Section 3326(e).
(g) Wheel Servicing and Mounting.

(1) There shall be available in the service area a current split and multi-piece Rim or Wheel Matching Chart, a Typical Rim Contours & Marking Location Chart, and current Rim Manual containing instructions for the proper tools recommended for the type of rim or wheel being serviced.
Note: Other publications providing at least the same instructions, safety precautions and other information contained in the charts may be used provided the publications are readily available for reference by employees.
(2) The employer shall furnish and assure that only tools recommended in the rim manual for the type of rims or wheels being serviced are used.
(3) Single, split and multi-piece rim or wheel components shall be inspected prior to assembly. Any rim or wheel or rim or wheel component which has been rendered unfit by being bent out of shape, pitted from corrosion, broken, or cracked shall not be used and shall be marked or tagged unserviceable and removed from the service area. Damaged or leaky valves shall be replaced.
(4) Before making any repairs or welds on rims or wheels, the tire shall be removed and remain off the rim or wheel until the repair is complete and any welds have returned to ambient temperature. Any repair involving welding on the rim or wheel or any of its components shall only be done in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications.
(h) Demounting Tires.
(1) Split and multi-piece rim tires shall be completely deflated by removing the valve core. A wire or equivalent device shall be inserted into the center of the valve stem to ensure no obstruction exists that would prevent complete deflation, before removal of the wheel from the axle.
Note: This does not apply to tires on rim wheel assemblies with no obvious or suspected damage to any rim wheel components or the tire.
(2) No heat shall be applied to a single, split or multi-piece wheel or wheel component except that frozen or broken lug nuts may be cut off after the tire is completely deflated.
Note: Subjecting wheels to excessive heat may result in structural deficiencies. Therefore, care shall be exercised while cutting off lug nuts to avoid excessive heating of the wheel. Wheels subjected to prolonged heating shall be removed from service.
(3) Tires shall be completely deflated by removal of the valve core before demounting.
(i) Mounting Tires and Inflation.
(1) Mounting and demounting of the tire:
(A) Shall be done only from the narrow ledge side of the wheel.
(B) Care shall be taken to avoid damaging the tire beads while mounting tires on wheels.
(C) Tires shall be mounted only on compatible wheels of matching bead diameter and width.
(2) Rim flanges, rim gutters, rings, bead seating surfaces and the bead areas of tire shall be free of any dirt, surface rust, scale or loose or flaked rubber build-up prior to mounting and inflation.

(3) Wheel component acceptability. Multi-piece wheel components shall not be interchanged except as provided in the charts or in the applicable rim manual.
(4) Prior to assembly the size (bead diameter and tire and/or wheel widths) and type of both the tire and wheel shall be checked and incompatible parts shall not be assembled.
(5) Non-flammable rubber lubricant shall be applied to bead and rim mating surfaces before assembly of the rim or wheel unless the tire or wheel manufacturer recommends against it.
(6) Tires shall be inflated in accordance with Section 3325.
(7) If a bead expander is used, it shall be removed before the valve core is installed and as soon as the rim or wheel becomes airtight (the tire bead slips onto the bead seat).
(8) Employees shall be instructed not to take a position over the tire during inflation and to remain outside the trajectory.
(9) Except as permitted in Section 3326(i)(10), tires shall not be inflated when any flat, solid surface is in the trajectory and within one foot of the sidewall.
(10) Tires may be inflated outside a restraining device to a pressure that shall not exceed 5 pounds per square inch (psi) to force the tire bead onto the rim ledge and create an airtight seal and/or to assist the seating of the lock rings.
(11) Whenever a single, split or multi-piece rim wheel is in a restraining device, employees shall be instructed not to rest or lean any part of their body or equipment on or against the restraining device.
(12) Except during the operation described in Section 3326(i)(10) employees shall be instructed not to attempt to correct the seating of side and lock rings by hammering, striking, or forcing the components while the tire is pressurized.
(13) After tire inflation, the tire and rim or wheel components shall be inspected before removal from the restraining device to ensure that they are properly seated and locked. If further adjustment is necessary, the tire shall be deflated by removal of the valve core before the adjustment is made.

Exception: Automobile or light truck tires ( "LT") used on light pickups and vans utilizing single piece rims or wheels when a hold-down cone type tire inflation system is used in accordance with the recommendations of the tire manufacturer.
Exceptions: (1) Single piece rims or wheels when installed on the vehicle with the lug nuts fully tightened. (2) If a tire on a vehicle is under-inflated but has more than 80% of the manufacturer's recommended load chart pressure, the tire may be inflated while the wheel is on the vehicle provided remote control inflation equipment is used, and employees remain outside the trajectory path during the inflation process.
Exception: Where higher pressures are recommended by the tire manufacturer.







Appendix A


Note: Employees shall avoid taking a position over the tire except during the operation described in Section 3326(i)(10).
(j) Installation/Removal of Rim Wheels from Vehicle Axles.
Tires on unusable or damaged rim wheels shall be completely deflated by removal of the valve core. A wire or equivalent device shall be inserted into the center of the valve stem to ensure no obstruction exists that would prevent complete deflation, before rims are removed from the axle.
Note: Tires on rim wheels with no obvious or suspected damage to the rim wheel or tire are not required to be deflated prior to removal from the axle.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3327. Safe Practice for Mounting and Inflating Tires with Split Rim and/or Retainer Rings.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3328. Machinery and Equipment.
(a) Machinery and equipment shall be of adequate design and shall not be used or operated under conditions of speeds, stresses, or loads which endanger employees.
(b) Machinery and equipment in service shall be inspected and maintained as recommended by the manufacturer where such recommendations are available.
(c) Machinery and equipment with defective parts which create a hazard shall not be used.
(d) Machinery and equipment designed for a fixed location shall be restrained so as to prevent walking or moving from its location.
(e) Machinery and equipment components shall be designed, secured, or covered to minimize hazards caused by breakage, release of mechanical energy (e.g., broken springs), or loosening and falling.
(f) Any modifications shall be in accordance with (a) and with good engineering practice.
(g) Machinery and equipment in service shall be maintained in a safe operating condition.
(h) Only qualified persons shall be permitted to maintain or repair machinery and equipment.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3329. Pipe Lines.
(a) Pipe lines containing hot, poisonous, corrosive or flammable substances shall be supported and maintained so as to prevent dangerous vibration under normal operating conditions.
(b) All pressure piping shall be designed, constructed, installed, and maintained in accordance with good engineering practice. Piping which meets the requirements of the applicable ANSI B31 standard shall be considered as providing reasonable safety.
(c) Leaks from pipe lines, piping or from other equipment shall be stopped if employees are endangered by the liberated liquids, gases or vapors. If hazardous leakage cannot be stopped during plant operation, diversion shields, or other effective means, shall be installed to protect the work area and employees involved.
(d) When dismantling or opening closed pressurized or gravity fed systems, internal pressure shall be relieved or other methods utilized to prevent sudden release of pressure or spraying of liquid.
Note: Extreme care shall be taken to prevent the build-up of excessive internal pressure if external heat is used to free solid blockages within liquid pipe lines.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3330. Special Handtools.
(a) Special handtools for placing and removing material shall be such as to permit easy handling of material without the operator placing a hand in the danger zone. Such tools shall not be in lieu of other guarding re quired by these orders, but can only be used to supplement protection provided.
(b) Only cutting tools shall be used to cut metal strapping or banding used to secure cargo.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3331. Curbs or Rails on Docks, Wharves, or Piers.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3332. Railcar Movement.
(a) Derail and/or bumper blocks shall be provided on spur railroad tracks where a rolling car could contact other cars being worked, or enter a building, or work or traffic area.
Note: Derails, if used, shall be placed where their use will not increase the danger to workers.
(b) Controls to safeguard personnel during railcar movement shall be instituted.
(c) If winches or capstans are employed for movement, employees shall stand clear of the hauling rope and shall not stand between the rope and the cars.
(d) Warning signs shall be posted where doorways open onto tracks, at blind corners and at similar places where vision may be restricted.
(e) Recessed railroad switches shall be enclosed to provide a level surface.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3333. Blue Stop Signs.
(a) The employer shall provide blue stop signs for use by day, and in addition, blue lights for use if night work is necessary, and cause them to be displayed before employees are permitted to work in, upon, or under any standing railroad car or cars under conditions where unanticipated movement or disturbance of such car or cars might endanger employees or equipment.
Exception: Railroad cars on portions of industrial tracks served by common carrier railroad corporations shall be provided with protective signs and lights as required by the operating railroad's rules filed with the Public Utilities Commission pursuant to their General Order 108.
(b) The cars shall be adequately secured by positive mechanical brakes, blocking or chocking of wheels or other means that will prevent their movement. Blocks or chocks shall be stored out of the track area when not in use.
(c) Required signs and signals shall be placed on the track at a height of 3 to 5 feet and not less than 10 feet from either or both ends of the cars as necessary to afford protection and in such position as to provide a clear and unobstructed view of the signs and signals from any approaching railroad equipment.
(d) Required signs and signals shall be placed and removed by one of the employees working in and about the car. This employee shall be selected, instructed and directed by the employer in the safe procedures involved in placing and removing the signs and signals.
(e) Blue stop signs shall be of substantial material not less than 12 inches by 15 inches in size and shall bear the word "STOP" in letters not less than 4 inches in height. Other words may be placed thereon in letters not less than 2 inches in height. The letters shall be white on a blue background.
(f) Signs shall be mounted suitably for proper display.
(g) Signs shall be maintained so as to assure effective display and shall be available to enable compliance with this order.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3334. Working on or Around Railway Cars.
(a) Before working on or around railway cars at loading docks or dumping facilities, or on sidings, the following items shall, where appropriate, be checked and employees shall be advised of potential hazards.
(1) Before opening or closing doors on freight cars or gondola type bottom dumping cars the doors shall be inspected to assure that the doors will not fall off the car and endanger employees.

(2) Before being opened fully, doors shall be opened slightly to ensure that the load has not shifted during transit. Special precautions shall be taken if the doors being opened are visibly damaged.
(3) Material or equipment being loaded on, or off-loaded from box cars or flat cars shall be secured from falling out of or off the car where employees may be endangered.
(4) Before inverting gondola type cars in dumping mechanisms the coupling hinge pins shall be secured against falling out of the coupling.
(5) Operators of railcar dumps shall have an unrestricted view of dumping operations and shall have emergency means of stopping movement.
(6) Before loading or dumping multiple hopper gondola cars, the manufacturer's instructions shall be checked to see that the proper sequence in loading or dumping is followed.
(7) Railcars shall be chocked or otherwise prevented from moving:

(A) While dockboards or carplates are in position; or
(B) While employees are working within, on or under the railcars or near the tracks at the ends of the cars.
(8) Work shall be performed in railcars only if floors of the railcars are in visibly safe condition for the work activity being conducted and equipment being used.
(9) The employer shall direct that no employees remain in railcars after work is concluded.
(10) A route shall be established to allow employees to pass to and from places of employment without passing under, over or through railcars, or between cars less than 10 feet (3 meters) apart on the same track.
(b) When repairing or disassembling railway cars, provision shall be made to prevent the car or its components from getting into an unstable condition where they might fall and endanger employees.
(c) Entering Tank Cars: refer to Article 108.
(d) Before cars are moved, unsecured and overhanging stakes, wire straps, banding and similar objects shall be removed or placed so as not to create hazards.
(e) Employees shall not remain in or on gondolas or flat cars when drafts that create overhead, caught-in, caught-between or struck-by hazards are being landed in or on the railcars. End gates, if raised, shall be secured.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3335. Railroad Ramping and Deramping Yards.
(a) Traffic patterns used for vehicle travel within railroad ramping and deramping yards shall be well-defined and the direction of traffic clearly indicated or controlled as necessary by one or more of the following methods as appropriate under the circumstances: a supervised program of traffic control, written and published (posted) administrative directives, signs, markers, site maps, etc.
(b) During switching operations in the ramping and deramping yard, signal devices, such as those listed in (1), (2), and (3) below, shall provide visual warning of the approach of railroad equipment. These signals shall be readily visible to persons working on or around railroad cars in the area of hazards created by train movement, to pedestrians, and to vehicle operators at track crossings.
Exception: Conventional circus ramp locations where the operation does not involve vehicular rail crossing.
Note: A signal device may be one of the following, or a device, system, or method which will provide equal assurance of warning:
1. A rotating (amber) warning light to be manually actuated by the person authorized to remove the blue flag.
2. A fixed rotating (amber) warning light to be automatically actuated when the blue flag is taken down.
3. In security yards where the gates are normally closed, a signal light which is interlocked with the gates and is automatically actuated when the gates are opened.
NOTE TO SECTION 3335: This section applies as provided in Labor Code Sections 6800, 6801 and 6802.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3336. Loading Dock Operations.
Trucks or trailers shall be secured from movement during dock loading and unloading operations.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3337. Dock Plates and Loading Ramps.
(a) Every dock plate and loading ramp shall be constructed and maintained with strength sufficient to support the load carried thereon.
(b) Dock plates or loading ramps shall be secured in position when spanning the space between the dock or unloading area and the vehicle. The dock plate or loading ramp, together with its securing devices, where used over spans of different lengths, shall be of such construction as will readily obtain rigid security over such spans.
(c) The dock plates or loading ramps shall be so constructed and maintained that when they are secured in position the end edges of the plate or loading ramp shall be in substantial contact with the dock or loading area and with the vehicle bed in such a manner as to prevent rocking, or sliding.
(d) Adequate and safe means shall be provided for moving dock plates and loading ramps.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3338. Pallets.
(a) Pallets shall be constructed and maintained with strength adequate for the loads being handled. Unsafe and defective parts shall be repaired or replaced. Pallets upon which employees customarily walk in the course of the employment shall have no surface openings whose maximum dimension exceeds 2 inches.







s 3339. Cargo, Materials, or Equipment.
(a) Cargo, materials or equipment found sufficiently broken or damaged as to afford a hazard shall be immediately repaired or shall be set aside at a safe distance away from the working area so that it can be repaired.
(b) Safe means of access to high piles of materials or equipment shall be provided.







s 3340. Accident Prevention Signs.
(a) Scope.
(1) These specifications apply to the design, application, and use of signs or symbols intended to indicate and, insofar as possible, to define specific hazards of a nature such that failure to designate them may lead to accidental injury to workers or the public, or both, or to property damage. These specifications are intended to cover all safety signs except those designed for streets, highways, railroads, and marine regulations. These specifications do not apply to plant bulletin boards or to safety posters.
(2) All new signs and replacements of old signs shall be in accordance with these specifications.
(3) All temporary construction signs and symbols required by this section shall be visible at all times when work is being performed and shall be removed or covered promptly when the hazards no longer exist.
(b) Definitions. As used in this section, the word "sign" refers to a surface on which letters or other markings appear, prepared for the warning of, or safety instruction of, industrial workers or members of the public who may be exposed to hazards. Excluded from this definition, however, are news releases, displays commonly known as safety posters, and bulletins used for employee education.
(c) Classification of signs according to use.
(1) Danger signs.

(A) Danger signs shall be used only where an immediate hazard exists.
(B) All employees shall be instructed that danger signs indicate immediate danger and that special precautions are necessary.
(2) Warning signs.
(A) Warning signs shall be used to indicate a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
(B) All employees shall be instructed that warning signs indicate a potentially hazardous situation that could result in death or serious injury.
(3) Caution signs.
(A) Caution signs shall be used only to warn against potential hazards or to caution against unsafe practices.
(B) All employees shall be instructed that caution signs indicate a possible hazard against which proper precaution should be taken.

(4) General safety signs. General safety signs shall be used where there is a need for general instructions and suggestions relative to safety measures.
(5) Biological hazard signs. The biological hazard warning shall be used to signify the actual or potential presence of a biohazard and to identify equipment, containers, rooms, material, experimental animals, or combinations thereof, which contain, or are contaminated with, viable hazardous agents. For the purpose of this subsection the term "biological hazard," or "biohazard," shall include only those infectious agents presenting a risk or potential risk to the well-being of employees.
(d) Sign design.
(1) All signs shall be furnished with rounded or blunt corners and shall be free from sharp edges, burrs, splinters, or other sharp projections. The ends or heads of bolts or other fastening devices shall be located in such a way that they do not constitute a hazard.
(2) Danger signs shall consist of the colors red, black, and white only and shall be approved as defined in Section 3206 of these orders.

(3) Warning signs. Warning signs shall comply with either one of the following:
(A) They shall have the signal word "WARNING" in black letters on a rectangular orange background placed at the top of the sign. The safety alert symbol (a triangle with sides of equal length surrounding an exclamation mark) shall precede the signal word and it shall be on the same horizontal line as the base of the letters of the signal word; or
(B) They shall have the signal word "WARNING" in black letters within a safety orange truncated diamond on a black rectangular background.
(C) Warning signs shall be approved as defined in Section 3206 of these orders.
(4) Caution signs. Standard color of the background shall be yellow; and the panel, black with yellow letters. Any letters used against the yellow background shall be black. Caution signs shall be approved as defined in Section 3206 of these orders.
(5) General safety signs. Standard color of the background shall be white; and the panel, green with white letters. Any letters used against the white background shall be black. General safety signs shall be approved as defined in Section 3206 of these orders.
(6) Slow-moving vehicle emblem. This emblem consists of a fluorescent yellow-orange triangle with a dark red reflective border. The yellow-orange fluorescent triangle is a highly visible color for daylight exposure. The reflective border defines the shape of the fluorescent color in daylight and creates a hollow red triangle in the path of motor vehicle headlights at night. The emblem is intended as a unique identification for, and it shall be used only on, vehicles which by design move slowly (25 m.p.h. or less) on the public roads. The emblem is not a clearance marker for wide machinery nor is it intended to replace required lighting or marking of slow-moving vehicles. Neither the color film pattern and its dimensions nor the backing shall be altered to permit use of advertising or other markings. The material, location, mounting, etc., of the emblem shall be in accordance with the Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., Standard, SAE J943-1993, Slow-Moving Vehicle Identification Emblem.


14
12 1/4
16
60
60<>
1 3/4 Dark red reflective border Fluorescent yellow-orange triangle
4
NOTE: All dimensions are in inches Slow-Moving Vehicle Emblem

(7) Biohazard symbol. The biohazard symbol design shall be fluorescent orange or orange-red color. Background color is optional as long as there is sufficient contrast for the symbol to be clearly defined. Appropriate wording may be used in association with the symbol to indicate the nature or identity of the hazard, name of individual responsible for its control, precautionary information, etc., but this information shall not be superimposed on the symbol.

(e) Sign wordings. The wording of any sign shall be easily read and concise. The sign shall contain sufficient information to be easily understood. The wording shall make a positive, rather than negative suggestion and shall be accurate in fact.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3341. Accident Prevention Tags.
(a) Scope and application. This section applies to all accident prevention tags used to identify hazardous conditions and provide a message to employees with respect to hazardous conditions as set forth in subsection (c) of this section, or to meet the specific tagging requirements of other standards.
Exception: This section does not apply to construction, maritime or agriculture.
(b) Definitions. "Biological hazard" or "BIOHAZARD" means those infectious agents presenting a risk of death, injury or illness to employees.
"Major message" means that portion of a tag's inscription that is more specific than the signal word and that indicates the specific hazardous condition or the instruction to be communicated to the employee. Examples include: "High Voltage," "Close Clearance," "Do Not Start," or "Do Not Use" or a corresponding pictograph used with a written text or alone.
"Pictograph" means a pictorial representation used to identify a hazardous condition or to convey a safety instruction.
"Signal word" means that portion of a tag's inscription that contains the word or words that are intended to capture the employee's immediate attention.
"Tag" means a device usually made of card, paper, pasteboard, plastic or other material used to identify a hazardous condition.
(c) Use. Tags shall be used as a means to prevent accidental injury or illness to employees who are exposed to hazardous or potentially hazardous conditions, equipment or operations which are out of the ordinary, unexpected or not readily apparent. Tags shall be used until such time as the identified hazard is eliminated or the hazardous operation is completed. Tags need not be used where signs, guarding or other positive means of protection are being used.
(d) General Tag Criteria. All required tags shall meet the following criteria:
(1) Tags shall contain a signal word and a major message.
(A) The signal word shall be either "Danger," "Caution," or "Biological Hazard," "BIOHAZARD," or the biological hazard symbol.
(B) The major message shall indicate the specific hazardous condition or the instruction to be communicated to the employee.
(2) The signal word shall be readable at a minimum distance of five feet or such greater distance as warranted by the hazard.
(3) The tag's major message shall be presented in either pictographs, written text or both.

(4) The signal word and the major message shall be understandable to all employees who may be exposed to the identified hazard.
(5) All employees shall be informed as to the meaning of the various tags used throughout the workplace and what special precautions are necessary.
(6) Tags shall be affixed as close as safely possible to their respective hazards by a positive means such as string, wire, or adhesive that prevents their loss or unintentional removal.
(e) Danger Tags. Danger tags shall only be used in major hazard situations where an immediate hazard presents a threat of death or serious injury to employees.
(f) Caution Tags. Caution tags shall only be used in minor hazard situations where a non-immediate or potential hazard or unsafe practice presents a lesser threat of employee injury.
(g) Warning Tags. Warning tags may be used to represent a hazard level between "Caution" and "Danger," instead of the required "Caution" tag, provided that they have a signal word of "Warning," an appropriate major message, and otherwise meet the general tag criteria of subsection (d) of this section.
(h) Biological Hazard Tags. Biological hazard tags shall be used to identify the actual or potential presence of a biological hazard and to identify equipment, containers, rooms, experimental animals, or combinations thereof, that contain or are contaminated with hazardous biological agents.
(1) The symbol design for biological hazard tags shall conform to the design shown below:
Biological Hazard Symbol Configuration

(i) Other Tags. Other tags may be used in addition to those required by this section, or in other situations where this section does not require tags, provided that they do not detract from the impact or visibility of the signal word and major message of any required tag.







Appendix A
Recommended Color Coding For Accident Prevention Tags

While this appendix does not specifically mandate colors to be used on accident prevention tags, the following color scheme is recommended for meeting the requirements of Section 3441:
"DANGER" -Red, or predominantly red, with lettering or symbols in a contrasting color.
"CAUTION" -Yellow, or predominantly yellow, with lettering or symbols in a contrasting color.
"WARNING" -Orange, or predominantly orange, with lettering or symbols in a contrasting color.
"BIOLOGICAL HAZARD" -Fluorescent orange or orange-red or predominantly so, with lettering or symbols in a contrasting color.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3350. Labor Camp Permits.
Every employer operating a labor camp under the provisions of the California Employee Housing Act shall obtain a valid permit issued by the Department of Housing and Community Development or by a local governmental agency authorized to issue such permits by the Department. The employer shall either post or have available a valid and current permit.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 17030, Health and Safety Code.







s 3360. Scope and Application.
This article applies to all places of employment.
Exception:
Mobile crews or normally unattended work locations provided employees have readily available potable water for drinking, and readily available transportation or other effective arrangements to nearby toilet and washing facilities.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3361. Definitions.
Lavatory. A plumbing fixture used for washing the hands, arms, face and head. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5-113).
Number of employees. The maximum number of employees present at any one time on a regular shift. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5-115).
Personal Service Room. A room which is not directly connected with the production or service function performed by the establishment. Such rooms may include, but are not limited to, first aid or medical rooms, toilet rooms, change rooms, wash rooms, shower rooms, kitchens and lunch rooms. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5-117).
Potable Water. Potable water is water which is satisfactory for drinking, culinary and domestic purposes and meets the requirements of the health authority having jurisdiction. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5-117)
Toilet. A fixture, maintained within a toilet room, which may be used for defecation or urination, or both. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5-121)
Toilet Room. A room within or on the premises containing water closets, urinals and other required facilities. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5-121)
Toxic Material. A material in concentration or amount which exceeds the applicable limit established by a standard, such as Section 5155, 5208 or 5209 of Title 8, CAC or, in the absence of an applicable standard, which has the capacity to produce personal injury or illness to persons through ingestion, inhalation, or absorption through any body surface. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5-121)
Urinal. A plumbing fixture which is used only for urination. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5-122)
Water Closet. A plumbing fixture (which may be used for both defecation and urination) in which the waste matter is removed by flushing with water. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5-124)


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3362. General Requirements.
(a) To the extent that the nature of the work allows, workplaces, storerooms, personal service rooms and passageways shall be kept clean, orderly and in a sanitary condition. The interiors, exteriors and environs of buildings that contribute to a hazard to which these orders apply shall be cleaned and maintained in such conditions as will not give rise to harmful exposure, as defined in Section 5140.
(b) Cleaning and sweeping shall be done in such a manner as to minimize the contamination of the air and, insofar as is practicable, shall be performed at such time and in such a manner that will avoid harmful exposures as defined in Section 5140.
(c) To facilitate cleaning, every floor, workroom, personal service room and passageway shall be kept free from protruding nails, splinters, loose boards and unnecessary holes and openings.
(d) All putrescible waste or refuse shall be stored in a receptacle so constructed that it does not leak and may be conveniently and thoroughly cleaned. Such a receptacle shall be maintained in a sanitary condition and shall be equipped with a tight fitting cover if it cannot be maintained in a sanitary condition without one. (This provision does not prohibit the use of receptacles which are designed to permit the maintenance of a sanitary condition without regard to the above requirements.)
(e) All sweepings, putrescible wastes, refuse and garbage shall be removed in such a manner as to avoid creating a nuisance and shall be removed as often as necessary to avoid creating a menace to health through the development of unsanitary conditions.
(f) Every enclosed workplace and personal service room shall be equipped and maintained, insofar as is practicable, to prevent the entrance or harborage of insects, rodents or other vermin. An effective program of extermination and control shall be instituted whenever their presence is detected.
(g) When exterior water intrusion, leakage from interior water sources, or other uncontrolled accumulation of water occurs, the intrusion, leakage or accumulation shall be corrected because of the potential for these conditions to cause the growth of mold.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3363. Water Supply.
(a) Potable water in adequate supply shall be provided in all places of employment for drinking and washing and, where required by the employer of these orders, for bathing, cooking, washing of food, washing of cooking and eating utensils, washing of food preparation or processing premises, and personal service rooms. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5-1001; Exception No. 2: (b))
(b) All sources of drinking water shall be maintained in a clean and sanitary condition. Drinking fountains and portable drinking water dispensers shall not be located in toilet rooms. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5-1001; Exception No. 2: (c))
(c) Portable drinking water dispensers shall be equipped with a faucet or drinking fountain, shall be capable of being tightly closed and shall be otherwise designed, constructed and serviced so that sanitary conditions are maintained. Such dispensers shall be clearly marked as to their contents.
(d) The dipping or pouring of drinking water from containers, such as from barrels, pails or tanks, is prohibited regardless of whether or not the containers are fitted with covers.
(e) The common use of a cup, glass or other vessel for drinking purposes is prohibited.
(f) Nonpotable water shall not be used for drinking, washing, or bathing, washing of clothing, cooking, washing of food, washing of cooking or eating utensils, washing of food preparation or processing premises or other personal service rooms. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5-1012 (a))
(g) Outlets for nonpotable water, such as water for industrial or fire-fighting purposes, shall be posted in a manner understandable to all employees to indicate that the water is unsafe and shall not be used for drinking, washing, cooking or other personal service purposes. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5-1012 (c))
(h) Nonpotable water systems or systems carrying any other nonpotable substance shall be installed so as to prevent backflow or back-siphonage into a potable water system. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5-1012 (b))


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3364. Sanitary Facilities.
(a) Separate toilet facilities shall be provided for each sex according to the following table:

Minimum Number of
Number of Employees ................... Water Closets [FNa1]
1 to 15................................. 1

16 to 35................................ 2
36 to 55................................ 3
56 to 80................................ 4
81 to 110............................... 5
111 to 150.............................. 6
over 150................................ 1 additional for
each additional 40
employees or
fraction hereof.
[FNa1] Urinals may be installed instead of water closets in toilet rooms to be
used only by men provided that the number of water closets shall not be less
than two-thirds of the minimum number of toilet facilities specified. The
length of trough urinals to equivalent number of individual urinals shall be
based on the following:


Equivalent Number of
Length of Trough Urinal .. Individual Urinals
24 " ..................... 1
36 " ..................... 2

48 " ..................... 2
60 " ..................... 3
72 " ..................... 4


Exceptions:
(1) When there are less than five employees, separate toilet rooms for each sex are not required provided toilet rooms can be locked from the inside and contain at least one water closet. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5-910 (a)(1))
(2) Employees engaged in hand-labor operations at agricultural establishments are subject to the sanitation provisions of Section 3457.
(b) Toilet facilities shall be kept clean, maintained in good working order and be accessible to the employees at all times. Where practicable, toilet facilities should be within 200 feet of locations at which workers are regularly employed and should not be more than one floor-to-floor flight of stairs from working areas. (Title 24, part 5, section 5-910(a)(1))
(c) All water-carried sewage shall be disposed of by means of either a public sewage system or by a sewage disposal system in conformance with applicable State and local laws, ordinances, and regulations. The sewage disposal method shall not endanger the health of employees.
(d) An adequate supply of toilet paper shall be provided for every water closet.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3365. Toilet Rooms.
Each water closet shall occupy a separate compartment which shall be equipped with a door and door latch. The door and the walls or partitions between fixtures shall be sufficient to assure privacy. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5- 912(a))


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.







s 3366. Washing Facilities.
(a) Washing facilities for maintaining personal cleanliness shall be provided in every place of employment. These facilities shall be reasonably accessible to all employees. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5-910(a)2(A))
(b) Washing facilities shall be maintained in good working order and in a sanitary condition. (Title 24, Part 5, Section 5- 910(a)2(B))
(c) Lavatories, including those associated with toilet rooms shall be made available according to the following table:

Number of ............. Minimum Number
Type of Employment ........ Employees .............. of Lavatories (continued)