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Nonindustrial-office ..... 1 to 15 .... 1
buildings, public ....... 16 to 35 ... 2
buildings, and similar .. 36 to 60 ... 3
establishments .......... 61 to 90 ... 4
91 to 125 .. 5
over 125 ... 1 additional for each additional 45
employees or fraction thereof.
Industrial-factories ..... 1 to 100 ... 1 for each 10
warehouses, loft ..................... employees.
buildings, and similar
establishments .......... over 100 ... 1 additional for each additional 15
employees or fraction thereof.
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In a multiple-use lavatory, 24 lineal inches of sink or 18 inches of circular basin, when provided with individual faucet, shall be considered equivalent to one lavatory.
Exception:
(1) Employees engaged in hand-labor operations at agricultural establishments are subject to the sanitation provisions of Section 3457.
(d) Each lavatory shall be provided with running water and suitable cleansing agents. The water shall be available at temperatures of at least 85 degrees F in those instances where:
(1) Substances regulated as carcinogens in these orders are used; or
(2) Skin contact may occur with substances designated skin (S) in section 5155.
Note: This section does not prevent local health departments from enforcing more stringent standards contained in the Health and Safety Code for food handlers.
(e) Clean individual hand towels, or sections thereof, of cloth or paper or warm-air blowers convenient to the lavatories shall be provided. (Title 24, part 5, section 5-910(a)2(E))
(f) Where showering is required by the employer or these orders:
(1) Separate shower rooms shall be provided for each sex. One shower facility with hot and cold water feeding a common discharge line shall be provided for each ten employees, or numerical fraction thereof, who are required to shower during the same shift. When there are less than five employees, the same shower room may be used by both sexes provided the shower room can be locked from the inside. (Title 24, part 5, section 5-910(a)2(F))
(2) Body soap or other appropriate cleansing agents convenient to the shower shall be provided.
(3) Employees who use showers shall be provided with individual clean towels.
Note: Authority and reference cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3367. Change Rooms.
(a) Whenever employees are required to change from street clothes into protective clothing, change rooms equipped with storage facilities for street clothes and separate storage facilities for the protective clothing shall be provided.
(b) Where working clothes are provided by the employer and become wet or are washed between shifts, provision shall be made to ensure that such clothing is dry before reuse.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3368. Consumption of Food and Beverages.
(a) Application. This Section shall apply only where employees are permitted to consume food or beverages, or both, on the premises.
(b) Prohibited Areas. Food and beverages shall not be stored or consumed in a toilet room or in an area where they may be contaminated by any toxic material.
EXEMPTION: Penal institution gun posts containing a water closet and lavoratory and only one occupant per shift.
(c) Waste Disposal Containers. Receptacles constructed of smooth, corrosion-resistant, easily cleanable or disposable materials shall be provided and used for the disposal of food waste. The number, size and location of such receptacles shall encourage their use and not result in over filling. Receptacles containing food waste shall be emptied not less than once each working day and shall be maintained in a clean and sanitary condition. They shall be provided with solid, tight-fitting covers unless sanitary conditions can be maintained without the use of covers.
(d) Food Handling/Service. All facilities providing food or beverage service for employees shall be operated in accordance with sound hygienic principles. Food shall be processed, prepared, handled, served and stored in such a manner as to be protected against contamination and spoilage.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3369. Public Health.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3370. Nonwater Carriage Disposal Systems.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3371. Privy Specifications.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3372. Chemical Toilet Specifications.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3373. Seepage Pit Construction.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3374. Combustion Toilet.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3375. Recirculating Toilet Specifications.
Note: Authority and reference cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3376. Portable Toilet Construction.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3380. Personal Protective Devices.
(a) Protection where modified by the words head, eye, body, hand, and foot, as required by the orders in this article means the safeguarding obtained by means of safety devices and safeguards of the proper type for the exposure and of such design, strength and quality as to eliminate, preclude or mitigate the hazard. Note:In order that safety devices or safeguards, which may include personal protective equipment, be acceptable as to proper type, design, strength and quality they shall be at least equivalent to those complying with the standards approved by The American National Standards Institute, Bureau of Standards, or other recognized authorities, except that where no authoritative standard exists for a safety device or safeguard, the use of such safeguard or safety device shall be subject to inspection and acceptance or rejection by the Division.
(b) Protective equipment shall be distinctly marked so as to facilitate identification of the manufacturer.
Exception: Employer manufactured shields, barriers, etc.
(c) The employer shall assure that the employee is instructed and uses protective equipment in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
(d) The employer shall assure that all personal protective equipment, whether employer-provided or employee-provided, complies with the applicable Title 8 standards for the equipment. The employer shall assure this equipment is maintained in a safe, sanitary condition.
(e) Protectors shall be of such design, fit and durability as to provide adequate protection against the hazards for which they are designed. They shall be reasonably comfortable and shall not unduly encumber the employee's movements necessary to perform his work.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3381. Head Protection.
(a) Employees working in locations where there is a risk of receiving head injuries from flying or falling objects and/or electric shock and burns shall wear approved head protection in accordance with subsections (b) and (c).
(b) When head protection is required, the employer shall ensure that approved protective helmets are selected and used in accordance with their demonstrated resistance to impact and electrical hazards as specified in subsections (b)(1) and (b)(2).
(1) Protective helmets placed in service after October 30, 2004 shall comply with American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Z89.1-1997 Industrial Head Protection, which is hereby incorporated by reference. The employer shall ensure that the appropriate class of ANSI designated helmet is selected and used in accordance with the following:
(A) When there is no risk of head injury from contact with electrical conductors, and protective helmets are only required to reduce the danger of injury from flying or falling objects, protective helmets shall be ANSI approved Class C, E, or G.
(B) When there is a risk of head injury from contact with conductors less than 600 volts, protective helmets shall be ANSI approved Class E or G.
(C) When there is a risk of head injury from contact with conductors greater than 600 volts, protective helmets shall be ANSI approved Class E.
(2) Protective helmets placed in service on or before October 30, 2004 shall comply with one of the following ANSI standards, which are hereby incorporated by reference: ANSI Z89.1-1969 Safety Requirements for Industrial Head Protection; ANSI Z89.2-1971 Industrial Protective Helmets for Electrical Workers, Class B; ANSI Z89.1-1981 Requirements for Protective Headwear for Industrial Workers; ANSI Z89.1-1986 Protective Headwear for Industrial Workers - Requirements; or ANSI Z89.1-1997 Industrial Head Protection. The employer shall ensure that the appropriate class of ANSI designated helmet is selected and used in accordance with the following:
(A) When there is no risk of head injury from contact with electrical conductors, and protective helmets are only required to reduce the danger of injury from flying or falling objects, protective helmets shall be ANSI approved Class A, B, C, D, E, or G.
(B) When there is a risk of head injury from contact with conductors less than 600 volts, protective helmets shall be ANSI approved Class A, B, D, E, or G.
(C) When there is a risk of head injury from contact with conductors greater than 600 volts, protective helmets shall be ANSI approved Class B or E.
(c) Each approved protective helmet required by subsection (a) shall bear the original marking required by the ANSI standard under which it was approved. At a minimum, the marking shall identify the manufacturer, ANSI designated standard number and date, and ANSI designated class of helmet.
(d) Where there is a risk of injury from hair entanglements in moving parts of machinery, combustibles or toxic contaminants, employees shall confine their hair to eliminate the hazard.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3382. Eye and Face Protection.
(a) Employees working in locations where there is a risk of receiving eye injuries such as punctures, abrasions, contusions, or burns as a result of contact with flying particles, hazardous substances, projections or injurious light rays which are inherent in the work or environment, shall be safeguarded by means of face or eye protection. Suitable screens or shields isolating the hazardous exposure may be considered adequate safeguarding for nearby employees.
The employer shall provide and ensure that employees use protection suitable for the exposure.
(b) Where exposed to injurious light rays, the shade of lens to use in any instance shall be selected in accordance with the following table.
Protection against radiant energy -Selection of shade numbers for welding filter. Table EP-1 shall be used as a guide for the selection of the proper shade numbers of filter lenses or plates used in welding. Shade more dense than those listed may be used to suit the individual's needs.
TABLE EP-1 -FILTER LENS SHADE NUMBERS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIANT ENERGY
Shade
Welding operation .................................................... number
Shielded metal-arc welding 1 1/16-, 3/32-, 1/8, 5/32-inch
diameter electrodes.................................................. 10
Gas-shielded arc welding (nonferrous) 1/16-, 3/32-, 1/8-,
5/32-inch diameter electrodes........................................ 11
Gas-shielded arc welding (ferrous) 1/16-, 3/32-, 1/8-,
5/32-inch diameter electrodes........................................ 12
Shielded metal-arc welding 3/16-, 7/32-, 1/4-inch diameter
electrodes.......................................................... 12
5/16-, 3/8-inch diameter electrodes................................... 14
Atomic hydrogen welding............................................... 10-14
Carbon-arc welding.................................................... 14
Soldering............................................................. 2
Torch brazing......................................................... 3 or 4
Light cutting, up to 1 inch........................................... 3 or 4
Medium cutting, 1 inch to 6 inches.................................... 4 or 5
Heavy cutting, over 6 inches.......................................... 5 or 6
Gas welding (light), up to 1/8-inch................................... 4 or 5
Gas welding (medium), 1/8-inch to 1/2-inch............................ 5 or 6
Gas welding (heavy), over 1/2-inch.................................... 6 or 8
(c) Where eye protection is required and the employee requires vision correction, such eye protection shall be provided as follows:
(1) Safety spectacles with suitable corrected lenses, or
(2) Safety goggles designed to fit over spectacles, or
(3) Protective goggles with corrective lenses mounted behind the protective lenses.
Note: The wearing of contact lens is prohibited in working environments having harmful exposure to materials or light flashes, except when special precautionary procedures, which are medically approved, have been established for the protection of the exposed employee.
(d)(1) Design, construction, testing and use of devices for eye and face protection purchased after January 12, 1995 shall be in accordance with American National Standard, Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection, Z87.1-1989, which is hereby incorporated by reference, except that integral lens and frame design will be allowed if the lens frame combination provides unit strength, as well as impact, penetration, heat and flammability resistance, optical qualities and eye zone coverage equal to or greater than is required by ANSI Z87.1-1989.
(2) Eye and face protection purchased on or before January 12, 1995 shall be designed, constructed, and used in accordance with American National Standard (ANSI) Z87.1-1968, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
(3) Side shield protection shall be used whenever the hazard of flying objects is angular as well as frontal.
(e) Laser Protection. Employees whose occupation or assignment requires exposure to laser beams shall be furnished suitable laser safety goggles which will protect for the specific wavelength of the laser and be of optical density (O.D.) adequate for the energy involved. Table EP-2 lists the maximum power or energy density for which adequate protection is afforded by glasses of optical densities from 5 through 8.
TABLE EP-2 -SELECTING LASER SAFETY GLASS
Intensity ................. Attenuation
CW maximum ..... Optical
power density .. density .. Attenuation
(watts/cm2) .... (O.D.) ... factor
10 -2 ........ 5 ........ 10 5
10 -1 ........ 6 ........ 10 6
1.0 ............ 7 ........ 10 7
10.0 ........... 8 ........ 10 8
Output levels falling between lines in this table shall require the higher optical density.
(1) All protective goggles shall bear a label identifying the following data:
(A) The laser wavelengths for which use is intended;
(B) The optical density of those wavelengths;
(C) The visible light transmission.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3383. Body Protection.
(a) Body protection may be required for employees whose work exposes parts of their body, not otherwise protected as required by other orders in this article, to hazardous or flying substances or objects.
(b) Clothing appropriate for the work being done shall be worn. Loose sleeves, tails, ties, lapels, cuffs, or other loose clothing which can be entangled in moving machinery shall not be worn.
(c) Clothing saturated or impregnated with flammable liquids, corrosive substances, irritants or oxidizing agents shall be removed and shall not be worn until properly cleaned.
s 3384. Hand Protection.
(a) Hand protection shall be required for employees whose work involves unusual and excessive exposure of hands to cuts, burns, harmful physical or chemical agents or radioactive materials which are encountered and capable of causing injury or impairments.
(b) Hand protection, such as gloves, shall not be worn where there is a danger of the hand protection becoming entangled in moving machinery or materials.
Exception: Machinery or equipment provided with a momentary contact device as defined in Section 3941.
Note: 1. As used in subsection (b) the term entangled refers to hand protection (gloves) being caught and pulled into the danger zone of machinery/equipment. Use of hand protection around smooth surfaced rotating equipment does not constitute an entanglement hazard if it is unlikely that the hand protection will be drawn into the danger zone.
Note: 2. Wrist watches, rings, or other jewelry should not be worn while working with or around machinery with moving parts in which such objects may be caught, or around electrically energized equipment.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3385. Foot Protection.
(a) Appropriate foot protection shall be required for employees who are exposed to foot injuries from electrical hazards, hot, corrosive, poisonous substances, falling objects, crushing or penetrating actions, which may cause injuries or who are required to work in abnormally wet locations.
(b) Footwear which is defective or inappropriate to the extent that its ordinary use creates the possibility of foot injuries shall not be worn.
(c)(1) Protective footwear for employees purchased after January 12, 1995 shall meet the requirements and specifications in American National Standard for Personal Protection-Protective Footwear, Z41 1991, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
(2) Safety-toe footwear purchased on or before January 12, 1995 shall meet the requirements of American National Standard for Men's Safety-Toe Footwear, Z41.1-1967, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3386. Jewelry.
Note: Authority and reference cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3387. Sanitation.
Protectors shall be capable of being cleaned easily and disinfected. These protectors shall be kept clean and in good repair. Safety devices, including protective clothing worn by the employee, shall not be interchanged among the employees until properly cleaned. Where the division has determined that ordinary cleaning will not remove risk of infection, additional precautionary measures may be required.
Exception: Safety devices worn over shoes or outer clothing, no part of which contacts the skin of the wearer, such as metal footguards.
s 3388. Safety Belts and Life Lines.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3389. Life Rings and Personal Flotation Devices.
(a) At least one U.S. Coast Guard approved 30-inch life ring with not less than 90 feet of 600 pound capacity line attached shall be kept in a conveniently accessible place where employees work exposes them to the hazard of drowning or each employee so exposed shall wear a U.S. Coast Guard approved personal flotation device.
Exception: Flume Patrol. Flumes provided with caps as described in Section 3207.
(b) Any personal flotation device shall be approved by the United States Coast Guard as a Type I PFD, Type II PFD, Type III PFD, or their equivalent, pursuant to 46 CFR 160 (Coast Guard Lifesaving Equipment Specifications) and 33 CFR 175.23 (Coast Guard table of devices equivalent to personal flotation devices.)
(c) Personal flotation devices shall be maintained in good condition. They shall be removed from service when damaged so as to affect their buoyant properties or capability of being fastened.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3390. Protection from Electric Shock.
Protection from electric shock shall be provided and used as required by the High- and Low-Voltage Electrical Safety Orders.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3395. Heat Illness Prevention in Outdoor Places of Employment.
(a) Scope and Application. This section applies to the control of risk of occurrence of heat illness. This is not intended to exclude the application of other sections of Title 8, including, but not necessarily limited to, sections 1230(a), 1512, 1524, 3203, 3363, 3400, 3439, 3457, 6251, 6512, 6969, 6975, 8420 and 8602(e). This section applies to all outdoor places of employment.
Note No. 1: The measures required here may be integrated into the employer's Injury and Illness Program required by section 3203.
Note No. 2:This standard is enforceable by the Division of Occupational Safety and Health pursuant to Labor Code sections 6308 and 6317 and any other statutes conferring enforcement powers upon the Division. It is a violation of Labor Code sections 6310, 6311, and 6312 to discharge or discriminate in any other manner against employees for exercising their rights under this or any other provision offering occupational safety and health protection to employees.
(b) Definitions.
"Acclimatization" means temporary adaptation of the body to work in the heat that occurs gradually when a person is exposed to it. Acclimatization peaks in most people within four to fourteen days of regular work for at least two hours per day in the heat.
"Heat Illness" means a serious medical condition resulting from the body's inability to cope with a particular heat load, and includes heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heat syncope and heat stroke.
"Environmental risk factors for heat illness" means working conditions that create the possibility that heat illness could occur, including air temperature, relative humidity, radiant heat from the sun and other sources, conductive heat sources such as the ground, air movement, workload severity and duration, protective clothing and personal protective equipment worn by employees.
"Personal risk factors for heat illness" means factors such as an individual's age, degree of acclimatization, health, water consumption, alcohol consumption, caffeine consumption, and use of prescription medications that affect the body's water retention or other physiological responses to heat.
"Preventative recovery period" means a period of time to recover from the heat in order to prevent heat illness.
"Shade" means blockage of direct sunlight. Canopies, umbrellas and other temporary structures or devices may be used to provide shade. One indicator that blockage is sufficient is when objects do not cast a shadow in the area of blocked sunlight. Shade is not adequate when heat in the area of shade defeats the purpose of shade, which is to allow the body to cool. For example, a car sitting in the sun does not provide acceptable shade to a person inside it, unless the car is running with air conditioning.
(c) Provision of water. Employees shall have access to potable drinking water meeting the requirements of Sections 1524, 3363, and 3457, as applicable. Where it is not plumbed or otherwise continuously supplied, it shall be provided in sufficient quantity at the beginning of the work shift to provide one quart per employee per hour for drinking for the entire shift. Employers may begin the shift with smaller quantities of water if they have effective procedures for replenishment during the shift as needed to allow employees to drink one quart or more per hour. The frequent drinking of water, as described in (e), shall be encouraged.
(d) Access to shade. Employees suffering from heat illness or believing a preventative recovery period is needed, shall be provided access to an area with shade that is either open to the air or provided with ventilation or cooling for a period of no less than five minutes. Such access to shade shall be permitted at all times. Except for employers in the agricultural industry, cooling measures other than shade (e.g., use of misting machines) may be provided in lieu of shade if the employer can demonstrate that these measures are at least as effective as shade in allowing employees to cool.
(e) Training.
(1) Employee training. Training in the following topics shall be provided to all supervisory and non-supervisory employees.
(A) The environmental and personal risk factors for heat illness;
(B) The employer's procedures for complying with the requirements of this standard;
(C) The importance of frequent consumption of small quantities of water, up to 4 cups per hour, when the work environment is hot and employees are likely to be sweating more than usual in the performance of their duties;
(D) The importance of acclimatization;
(E) The different types of heat illness and the common signs and symptoms of heat illness;
(F) The importance to employees of immediately reporting to the employer, directly or through the employee's supervisor, symptoms or signs of heat illness in themselves, or in co-workers;
(G) The employer's procedures for responding to symptoms of possible heat illness, including how emergency medical services will be provided should they become necessary;
(H) The employer's procedures for contacting emergency medical services, and if necessary, for transporting employees to a point where they can be reached by an emergency medical service provider;
(I) The employer's procedures for ensuring that, in the event of an emergency, clear and precise directions to the work site can and will be provided as needed to emergency responders.
(2) Supervisor training. Prior to assignment to supervision of employees working in the heat, training on the following topics shall be provided:
(A) The information required to be provided by section (e)(1) above.
(B) The procedures the supervisor is to follow to implement the applicable provisions in this section.
(C) The procedures the supervisor is to follow when an employee exhibits symptoms consistent with possible heat illness, including emergency response procedures.
(3) The employer's procedures required by subsections (e)(1)(B), (G), (H), and (I) shall be in writing and shall be made available to employees and to representatives of the Division upon request.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3400. Medical Services and First Aid.
(a) Employer shall ensure the ready availability of medical personnel for advice and consultation on matters of industrial health or injury.
(b) In the absence of an infirmary, clinic, or hospital, in near proximity to the workplace, which is used for the treatment of all injured employees, a person or persons shall be adequately trained to render first aid. Training shall be equal to that of the American Red Cross or the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration.
(c) There shall be adequate first-aid materials, approved by the consulting physician, readily available for workmen on every job. Such materials shall be kept in a sanitary and usable condition. A frequent inspection shall be made of all first-aid materials, which shall be replenished as necessary.
(d) Where the eyes or body of any person may be exposed to injurious corrosive materials, suitable facilities for quick drenching or flushing of the eyes and body shall be provided within the work area for immediate emergency use.
(e) Stretchers and blankets, or other adequate warm covering, may be required by the Division, unless ambulance service is available within 30 minutes under normal conditions.
(f) At isolated locations, provisions must be made in advance for prompt medical attention in case of serious injuries. This may be accomplished by on-the-site facilities or proper equipment for prompt transportation of the injured person to a physician or a telephone communication system for contacting a doctor or combinations of these that will avoid unnecessary delay in treatment .
s 3401. Application.
(a) These Orders establish minimum requirements for personal protective clothing and equipment for fire fighters when exposed to the hazards of fire fighting activity, and take precedence over any other Safety Order with which they are inconsistent.
Sections 3403 through 3409, inclusive, apply to structural fire fighting as defined in Section 3402.
(b) General Requirements.
(1) Personal protective clothing and equipment specified in these Orders shall be provided and used whenever such employees are required to work in a hazardous environment that may be encountered during fire fighting activities or under similar conditions during training activities.
(2) The employer shall ensure the availability, maintenance, and use of all protective clothing and equipment in accordance with these Orders.
(3) Employees shall be instructed to wear or utilize appropriate personal protective clothing and equipment when directed to work in a hazardous environment until such time as the officer in charge determines that such protection is no longer required.
(4) Personal protective clothing and equipment that has become damaged or otherwise defective to the point of voiding its intended protection shall be removed from service.
(5) Fire fighters and other employees engaged in emergency activities requiring special protective techniques and equipment shall be trained in the appropriate techniques and provided with the necessary protective equipment.
(6) Employers shall develop and require use of a written plan covering the safe use, maintenance, utilization and replacement of the equipment required in these Orders, and all affected employees shall be trained in accordance with such plan.
(7) Employers shall ensure that new protective clothing and equipment provided be furnished with a statement of performance declaring that the product has been tested and meets the requirements of these Orders.
(c) Personal Alarms.
(1) Every fire fighter engaged in interior structural fire fighting activities requiring the use of self-contained breathing apparatus shall be provided with a personal alarm device. Alarm devices ordered or purchased after January 1, 1986, shall meet the requirements of Section 3401(c)(3)(B) and NFPA 1982 (1983). Each alarm device ordered or purchased prior to January 1, 1986 shall meet the following minimum requirements:
(2) Operation.
(A) Controls shall be incorporated in alarm devices for manual activation and reset, and shall be protected against accidental deactivation. Such controls shall be designed to be operated by a gloved hand.
(B) Alarm devices shall contain a motion detector which will activate the alarm if the fire fighter is motionless for not less than twenty (20) seconds nor more than forty (40) seconds. The alarm shall also include a pre-warning device to signal the fire fighter that the alarm is approaching the point of activation.
(3) Performance.
(A) Alarm devices shall emit a signal with a sound pressure level of not less than 85 dba measured at a distance of three (3) meters for not less than one (1) hour using an eighty percent (80%) charged battery. Signal frequency used shall not be less than 2000 H subz nor more than 4000 H subz.
(B) The alarm shall operate in a temperature range of -10 degrees C to 80 degrees C and for a period of two minutes at 140 degrees C.
(C) Alarm devices shall be designed to withstand damage created by deterioration of the type of battery recommended by the manufacturer for use in such devices.
(D) Alarm devices shall remain operable after being submerged in sea water for at least one hour at a depth of two meters.
(E) Alarm devices shall be impact and shock resistant, and shall be designed to remain operable after being dropped six (6) successive times from random positions onto a concrete floor from a height of not less than two meters.
(F) Alarm devices shall not weigh more than 350 grams, including batteries.
(4) Safety.
(A) Alarm devices shall be equipped with a visual or audible device to indicate when the battery has been discharged to not less than 80 percent of its rated capacity.
(B) Alarm devices shall be equipped with an audible means to warn of the malfunction of the motion sensing circuitry.
(C) Alarm devices shall be intrinsically safe for use in a flammable or explosive atmosphere.
(5) Certification.
Alarm devices shall be labeled or otherwise certified to indicate compliance with this section.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3402. Definitions.
After-Flame. The time a test specimen continues to flame after the flame source has been removed. (When subjected to flame resistance test.)
After-Glow. The time a test specimen continues to glow after it has ceased to flame. (When subjected to flame resistance test.)
Break-away Device. A type of chin strap or chin strap connection designed so that excessive pressure exerted on the helmet in the form of upward force will cause the chin strap to open and release the helmet from the head.
Buddy-Breathing Device. An accessory to self-contained breathing apparatus which permits a second person to share the same air supply as that of the wearer of the apparatus.
Char-Length. The distance from the end of the specimen which was exposed to flame source, to the upper edge of the charred, burned, or void area. (When subjected to flame resistance test.)
Education. The process of imparting knowledge or skill through systematic instruction. It does not require formal classroom instruction.
Emergency Pick-Up Labor. Personnel consisting of National Guard, military forces, forest product workers, farm workers, ranchers, and other persons who may be recruited from time to time to help contain and control wildland fires.
Enclosed Structure. A structure with a roof or ceiling and at least two walls which may present fire hazards to employees;such as, accumulations of smoke, toxic gases and heat, similar to those found in buildings.
Energy, Absorption System. A material or suspension system, or combination thereof, placed inside the helmet between the exterior shell and the wearer's head to absorb and distribute impact energy.
Face Shield. A heat and flame resistant device worn in front of the eyes and face, whose predominant function is protection of the eyes and face.
Fire Fighter. An employee who is assigned to fire fighting activity, and is required to respond to alarms and perform emergency action at the location of a fire or fire related danger. Included are the employees of fire departments, fire protection districts, state fire agencies, organized fire companies, and private fire brigades when engaged in fire fighting activity. The term does not apply to emergency pick-up labor or other persons who may perform first-aid fire extinguishment as collateral to their regular duties. Fire Fighting Activity. Physical action taken in the direct act of fire suppression, and rescue or hazardous duties performed at the location of a fire emergency.
Fire Fighting, Structural. The comprehensive physical fire suppression activity of public fire departments as determined by Sections 25210.5 and 25643 of the California Government Code.
Flame Resistance. A property of materials which causes resistance to ignition or combustion, provided through the use of inherently flame resistant materials, or materials treated to be flame resistant in a manner that the treatment will remain effective for the service life of the material under conditions anticipated for its use.
Harmful Exposure. An exposure to oxygen-deficient atmosphere, or to dusts, fumes, mists, vapors, chemicals or gases of such concentration and duration as to cause injury.
Hazardous Environment. A place where a fire fighter is likely to receive a harmful exposure to a hazardous substance, or be exposed to physical or mechanical hazards which are likely to cause injury.
Hazardous Substance. One which by reason of being explosive, flammable, poisonous, corrosive, oxidizing, irritant or otherwise harmful, is likely to cause injury.
Heat Resistance. The ability of a material to retain its original properties such as shape, size, strength, hardness, resilience, non-conductivity, or appearance when subjected to temperatures specified in heat resistance tests.
Helmet. A device consisting of a shell, energy absorption system, and retention system intended to be worn to provide protection for the head or portions thereof against impact, flying or falling objects, electric shock, penetration, heat and flame, or any combination thereof.
Incipient Stage Fire. A fire which is in the initial or beginning stage and which can be controlled or extinguished by portable fire extinguishers, Class II standpipe, small hose systems or other methods without the need for protective clothing or breathing apparatus.
Injury. Includes work related illness, disease, impairment, disfigurement, loss of function of any part of the body, as well as symptoms of significant adverse effects or damage.
Interior Structural Fire Fighting Activities (Private Fire Brigades). The physical activity of fire suppression, rescue or both, inside of buildings or enclosed structures which are involved in a fire situation beyond the incipient stage.
Lining. A material attached to the inside of the outer shell of a garment for the purpose of thermal protection and padding.
Long Duration Breathing Device. A self-contained respiratory protective device designed to provide the user with a respirable atmosphere for a minimum service time of one hour.
Outer Shell. The exterior layer of material on the fire coat and protective trousers which forms the outermost barrier between the fire fighter and the environment. It is attached to the vapor barrier and liner and is usually constructed with a storm flap, suitable closures, and pockets.
Private Fire Brigade. An organized group of private industry fire personnel who may also be assigned to other functions, but who have priority obligation to fire protection. Fire fighting responsibility may be independent, under mutual-aid agreement, or supported by regular fire service assistance.
Protective Clothing. Outer garments other than turnout clothing consisting of trousers, jackets, or coveralls.
Quick Disconnect Valve. A device which starts the flow of air by inserting of the hose (which leads from the facepiece) into the regulator of self-contained breathing apparatus, and stops the flow of air by disconnection of the hose from the regulator.
Respiratory Protective Device (RPD). A breathing device designed to protect the wearer from oxygen-deficient, or hazardous atmosphere .
(A) Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). A portable respiratory protective device, normally designed to be worn by the user by means of an incorporated harness assembly, with its own supply of air, oxygen or oxygen generating material. It is normally equipped with a full facepiece. Self-contained breathing apparatus is further described in 30 CFR Chapter 1, Part 11, Subpart H.
(B) Closed-Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus. A device in which exhaled breath is scrubbed of CO sub2 and recycled.
(C) Open-Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus. A device in which compressed air is released to the face piece from a storage cylinder, and exhaled air is expelled to the atmosphere. (Oxygen supply is not permitted in open-circuit breathing apparatus used in fire fighting activities.)
(D) Demand-Type Breathing Apparatus. Equipment in which pressure inside the facepiece is slightly negative on inhalation, and positive on exhalation.
(E) Positive-Pressure Type Breathing Apparatus. Equipment in which the pressure inside the facepiece is positive during both inhalation and exhalation.
(F) Combination Breathing Apparatus-Respirator. A combination of compressed air self-contained breathing apparatus and National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Type C supplied-air respiratory protective device of the positive-pressure type. Combination respirator equipment is further described in 30 CFR, Chapter 1, Part 11, Subparts H and J.
Retention System. The complete assembly by which the helmet is retained on the head. Included are a chin strap and adjustable or fitted liner for a proper fit.
Self-Extinguishing. A term applied to a material which when subjected to flaming ignition, may ignite and propagate only until removal of the source of ignition.
Service Time. The period of time that a respirator has been rated by NIOSH to provide protection to the wearer.
Training. The process of making proficient through instruction and hands-on practice in the operation of equipment, including respiratory protection equipment, that is expected to be used and in the performance of assigned duties.
Trousers. A garment worn to cover the lower part of the human body from the waist to the ankles.
Turnout Clothing. Protective clothing consisting of a coat and trousers as specified in NFPA 1971 (1981) "Protective Clothing for Structural Fire Fighting" except as modified by Section 3406(b) of these Orders.
Vapor Barrier. That material used to prevent or substantially inhibit the transfer of water, corrosive liquids and steam or other hot vapors from the outside of a garment to the wearer's body.
Wildlands. Sparsely populated geographical areas covered primarily by grass, brush, trees, crops, or combination thereof.
Winter Liner. A detachable extra lining worn inside turnout garments and head protection to give added protection to the wearer against the effects of cold weather and wind.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3403. Head Protection.
(a) General. Head protection shall be provided for each fire fighter, and shall be maintained in a location of readiness for immediate response to fires and like emergencies. Head protection shall be worn by fire fighters whenever they are exposed to head injury hazard. Head protection is normally provided for fire fighters through the use of helmets.
(b) Minimum Requirements, Structural Fire Fighting.
(1) Helmets ordered or purchased after January 1, 1988, for use in structural fire fighting shall be labeled as meeting the requirements contained in NFPA-1972 (1985) "Structural Fire Fighters' Helmets." While the helmets are in service:
(A) Section 3-8 "Ear Covers" shall be optional when protection required by Section 3405 is provided.
(B) Section 3-9 "Faceshields" shall be optional when protection required by Section 3404 is provided.
(C) Section 3-10 "Fluorescent Retroreflective Markings" shall be optional.
(2) Helmets ordered, purchased and/or placed in service prior to January 1, 1988, for use in structural fire fighting shall meet the performance, construction, and testing requirements of the National Fire Safety and Research Office, National Fire Prevention and Control Administration, U. S. Department of Commerce contained in "Model Performance Criteria for Structural Fire Fighters' Helmets, dated August, 1977," with the following additional requirements:
(A) The helmet shall be compatible with the breathing apparatusface piece.
(B) Visibility and reflectivity shall be optional.
(C) Earflaps shall be optional when protection required by Section 3405 is provided.
(D) A durable label shall be permanently attached and shall include the following information:
1. Name or designation of manufacturer;
2. Month and year of manufacture;
3. Lot Number; and
4. Model designation.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3404. Eye and Face Protection.
(a) General.
(1) Employees exposed to eye injury hazards shall be protected in accordance with the provisions of Section 3382.
(2) In addition to the requirements of Section 3382, and wherever eye and face protection is not provided by the breathing apparatus facepiece, the face of the fire fighter engaged in structural fire fighting activities shall be protected by one or more of the following means, or other equivalent methods when exposed to injurious heat or flame:
(A) Face shield attached to the helmet;
(B) Heat and flame resistant hood;
(C) High collar and throat strap.
(b) Face Shields. Face shields of plastic or glass shall meet the optical qualities, impact resistance and light transmission standards specified in either the ANSI Z87.1 (1979) or ANSI Z87.1 (1989, and revision Z87.1a-1989), "Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection", which are hereby incorporated by reference. Face shields constructed of other materials such as wire mesh, shall provide visibility not less than required by ANSI Z87.1. All face shields shall be capable of withstanding heat in accordance with the provisions of Section 3403(b).
(c) Hood and Coat Collars. Such devices shall be constructed and tested in accordance with the provisions of Section 3406, Body Protection.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3405. Ear and Neck Protection.
(a) Protection against burns or injury to the ears and neck shall be provided by one or more of the following means, or other equivalent methods:
(1) Helmet configuration;
(2) Ear flap attachment to helmet;
(3) Flexible neck protector cape or winter liner worn with helmet;
(4) Flared neck shield attached to brim of helmet;
(5) Hood, shroud or snood;
(6) High collar and throat strap.
(b) Fabric specified in this section shall be constructed and tested in accordance with the provisions of Section 3406, Body Protection.
(c) Non-fabric materials shall meet heat and flame resistance requirements of Section 3403, Head Protection.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3406. Body Protection.
(a) Body protection shall be provided for each fire fighter when exposed to the hazards of structural fire fighting activity. Body protection shall consist of turnout clothing or an appropriate combination of a turnout coat and protective clothing meeting the requirements of Section 3406(c).
(b) Turnout Clothing. Performance, construction, testing and certification of fire fighter turnout clothing shall be at least equivalent to the requirements of National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) publication 1971 (1981), "Protective Clothing for Structural Fire Fighting," with the following permissible variations in those requirements:
(1) Liner may be detachable but the shell shall not be used as turnout clothing without the liner.
(2) To achieve increased ventilation of trapped body heat, the protective clothing outer shell and impermeable vapor barrier may be penetrated by ventilation openings protected by nonmetallic flame resistant materials equal to this standard. Openings in the coat shall be restricted to the underside of the upper arm, and the upper portion of the front and back. Openings in the trousers shall be restricted to the areas of the groin and the outseam of the leg between the knee and the waist band. Water deflecting flaps shall be required for all openings except underarm and groin area openings. Openings in the liner are not permitted except underarm and groin area unless protected by an insulating flap. Vents shall be made of nonmetallic flame resistant materials equal to this standard.
(3) Tearing strength of the outer shell shall be a minimum of eight pounds in any direction.
(4) Flame resistance, including that of trim, shall not exceed:
(A) 2.0 seconds after-flame (maximum)
(B) 8.0 seconds after-glow (maximum).
(5) The outer shell and lining may char or discolor but must retain heat resistance as specified in Section 3406(b)(4) and shall not separate or melt when placed in a forced air laboratory oven at a temperature of 500 F (260 ° C) for a period of 5 minutes.
(c) Protective Clothing. Protective clothing, other than turnout clothing, shall meet the following minimum performance requirements:
(1) Flame Resistance. When tested in accordance with Federal Test 191, Method 5903.2, "Flame Resistance of Cloth, Vertical" (Standard small scale test), test results shall not exceed the following limits:
(A) 2.0 seconds after-flame (maximum)
(B) 8.0 seconds after-glow (maximum)
(C) 6.0 inches average char-length.
(2) Ignition of the material shall not produce any melting and dripping of molten or flaming material. It is specifically required that upon exposure to flaming ignition, or to heat sufficient to char the fabric, the material will not adhere to the skin of the wearer so asto cause or contribute to the severity of burns. (continued)