CCLME.ORG - DIVISION 1. DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS CHAPTERS 1 through 6

(continued)
(C) Powered platforms designated as Type T shall meet all the requirements in Part III of ANSI A120.1-1970, American National Standard Safety Requirements for Powered Platforms for Exterior Building Maintenance except for safety belts and safety lines, which are provided for in subparagraph (e) of this appendix. A basic requirement of Type T equipment is that the working platform is suspended by at least two wire ropes. Failure of one wire rope would not permit the working platform to fall to the ground, but would upset its normal position. The employer shall require employees working on Type T equipment to wear a safety belt or body harness as required by paragraph (e) of this appendix. Type T powered platforms may be either roof-lowered or self-powered. (Title 24. Part 2. Section 2-8511(d)3.)
(D) The requirements of this section apply to powered platforms with winding drum type hoisting machines. It is not the intent of this section to prohibit powered platforms using other types of hoisting machines, traction drum hoisting machines, air powered machines, hydraulic powered machines, and internal combustion machines. Installation of powered platforms with other types of hoisting machines is permitted, provided adequate protective devices are used, and provided reasonable safety of life and limb to users of the equipment and to others who may be exposed is assured. (Title 24, Part 2, Section 2-8511-(c)2.)
(E) Both Type F and Type T powered platforms shall comply with the requirements of Appendix C of this standard.
(c) Type F Powered Platforms
(1) Roof Car, General.
(A) A roof car shall be provided whenever it is necessary to move the working platform horizontally to working or storage positions.
(B) The maximum rated speed at which a power traversed roof car may be moved in a horizontal direction shall be 50 feet per minute. (Title 24. Part 2. Section 2-8512(a).)
(2) Movement and Positioning of Roof Car.

(A) Provisions shall be made to protect against having the roof car leave the roof or enter roof areas not designed for travel.
(B) The horizontal motion of the roof cars shall be positively controlled so as to insure proper movement and positioning of the roof car.
(C) Roof car positioning devices shall be provided to insure that the working platform is placed and retained in proper position for vertical travel and during storage.
(D) Mechanical stops shall be provided to prevent the traversing of the roof car beyond its normal limits of travel. Such stops shall be capable of withstanding a force equal to 100 percent of the inertial effect of the roof car in motion with traversing power applied.
(E)1. The operating device of a power-operated roof car for traversing shall be located on the roof car, the working platform, or both, and shall be of the continuous pressure weatherproof electric type. If more than one operating device is provided, they shall be so arranged that traversing is possible only for one operating device at a time.

2. The operating device shall be so connected that it is not operating until:
A. The working platform is located at its uppermost position of travel and is not in contact with the building face or fixed vertical guides in the face of the building; and
B. All protective devices and interlocks are in a position for traversing. (Title 24, Part 2, Section 2-8512 (b).)
(3) Roof Car Stability. Roof car stability shall be determined by either subparagraph (c)(3)(A) or (B) of this appendix, whichever is greater.
(A) The roof car shall be continuously stable, considering overturning moment as determined by 125 percent rated load, plus maximum dead load and the prescribed wind loading.
(B) The roof car and its anchorages shall be capable of resisting accidental over-tensioning of the wire ropes suspending the working platform and this calculated value shall include the effect of one and one-half times the value. For this calculation, the simultaneous effect of one-half wind load shall be included, and the design stresses shall not exceed those referred to in subparagraph (b)(1) of this appendix.
(C) If the load on the motors is at any time in excess of three times that required for lifting the working platform with its rated load, the motor shall stall. (Title 24, Part 2, Section 2-8512(c).)
(4) Access to the Roof Car. Safe access to the roof car and from the roof car to the working platform shall be provided. If the access to the roof car at any point of its travel is not over the roof area or where otherwise necessary for safety self- closing, self-locking gates shall be provided. Standard guardrails shall meet the provisions of Section 3209. (Title 24, Part 2, Section 2- 8512(d).)
(5) Means for Maintenance, Repair, and Storage. Means shall be provided to run the roof car away from the roof perimeter, where necessary, and to provide a safe area for maintenance, repairs, and storage, Provisions shall be made to secure the machine in the stored position. For stored machines subject to wind forces, see special design and anchorage requirements for "wind forces" in Part II, Section 10.5.1.1 of ANSI A120-l-1970, American National Standard Safety Requirements for Powered Platforms for Exterior Building Maintenance, in which is hereby incorporated by reference. (Title 24, Part 2, Section 2-8512(e).)
(6) General Requirements for Working Platforms. The working platform shall be of girder or truss construction and shall be adequate to support its rated load under any position of loading, and comply with the provisions set forth in Section 10 of ANSI A120.1-1970, American National Standard Safety Requirements for Powered Platforms for Exterior Building Maintenance, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
(7) Load Rating Plate. Each working platform shall bear a manufacturer's load rating plate, conspicuously posted, stating the maximum permissible rated load. Load rating plates shall be made of noncorrosive material and shall have letters and figures stamped, etched, or cast on the surface. The minimum height of the letters and figures shall be one-fourth inch.
(8) Minimum Size. The working platform shall have a minimum net width of 24 inches.
(9) Guardrails. Working platforms shall be furnished with permanent guard rails not less than 36 inches high, and not more than 42 inches high at the front (building side). At the rear, and on the sides, the rail shall not be less than 42 inches high. An intermediate guardrail shall be provided around the entire platform between the top guardrail and the toeboard.
(10) Toeboards. A 3 1/2-inch toeboard shall be provided alone all sides of the working platform.
(11) Open Spaces Between Guardrails and Toeboards. The spaces between the intermediate guardrail and platform toeboard on the building side of the working platform, and between the top guardrail and the toeboard on other sides of the platform, shall be filled with metallic mesh or similar material that will reject a ball one inch in diameter. The installed mesh shall be capable of withstanding a load of 100 pounds applied horizontally over any area of 144 square inches. If the space between the platform and the building face does not exceed eight inches, and the platform is restrained by guides, the mesh may be omitted on the front side.
(12) Flooring. The platform flooring shall be of the nonskid type, and if of open construction, shall reject a 9/16-inch diameter ball or be provided with a screen below the floor to reject a 9/16-inch diameter ball.
(13) Access Gates. Where access gates are provided, they shall be self-closing and self-locking.
(14) Operating Device for Vertical Movement of the Working Platform.
(A) The normal operating device for the working platform shall be located on the working platform and shall be of the continuous pressure weatherproof electric type.
(B) The operating device shall be operable only when all electrical protective devices and interlocks on the working platform are in position for normal service and, the roof car, if provided, is at an established operating point.
(15) Emergency Electric Operative Device.
(A) In addition, on roof-powered platforms, an emergency electric operating device shall be provided near the hoisting machine for use in the event of failure of the normal operating device for the working platform, or failure of the traveling cable system. The emergency operating device shall be mounted in a locked compartment and shall have a legend mounted thereon reading: "For Emergency Operation Only. Establish Communication With Personnel on Working Platform Before Use."

(B) A key for unlocking the compartment housing the emergency operating device shall be mounted in a break-glass receptacle located near the emergency operating device.
(16) Manual Cranking for Emergency Operation. Emergency operation of the main drive machine may be provided to allow manual cranking. This Provision for manual operation shall be designed so that not more than two persons will be required to perform this operation. The access to this provision shall include a means to automatically make the machine inoperative electrically while under the emergency manual operation. The design shall be such that the emergency brake is operative at or below governor tripping speed during manual operation.
(17) Arrangement and Guarding of Hoisting Equipment.
(A) Hoisting equipment shall consist of a power-driven drum or drums contained in the roof car (roof-lowered platforms) or contained on the working platform (self-powered platform).
(B) The hoisting equipment shall be power-operated in both up and down directions.

(C) Guard or other protective devices shall be installed wherever rotating shafts or other mechanisms or gears may expose personnel to a hazard.
(D) Friction devices or clutches shall not be used for connecting the main driving mechanism to the drum or drums. Belt or chain-driven machines are prohibited.
(18) Hoisting Motors.
(A) Hoisting motors shall be electric and of weather-proof construction.
(B) Hoisting motors shall be in conformance with applicable provisions of subparagraph (c)(22) of this appendix, Electric Wiring and Equipment.
(C) Hoisting motors shall be directly connected to the hoisting machinery. Motor couplings, if used, shall be of steel construction.
(19) Brakes. The hoisting machines(s) shall have two independent braking means, each designed to stop and hold the working platform with 125 percent of rated load.

(20) Hoisting Ropes and Rope Connections.
(A) Working platforms shall be suspended by wire ropes of either 6 x 19 or 6 x 37 classification, preformed or nonpreformed.
(B) The minimum grade of the robe wire shall be improved plow steel. Ropes shall be fabricated of drawn galvanized or bright wire. Drawn galvanized wire rope shall be fabricated of individual wires on which the zinc coating has been applied at an intermediate size, and the wire then drawn to finished size and to the same tolerances and with the same mechanical properties as for uncoated wire of equal grade.
(C) The minimum factor of safety shall be 10, and shall be calculated by the following formula:
F = S x N/W
Where
S = Manufacturer's rated breaking strength of one robe.

N = Number of ropes under load.
W = Maximum static load on all ropes with the platform and its rated load at any point of its travel.
(D) Hoisting ropes shall be sized to conform with the required factor of safety, but in no case shall the size be less than 5/16 inch diameter.
(E) Winding drums shall have at least three turns of robe remaining when the platform has landed at the lowest possible point of its travel.
(F) The lengthening or repairing of wire rope by the joining of two or move lengths is prohibited.
(G) The nondrum ends of the hoisting ropes shall be provided with individual shackle rods which will permit individual adjustment of rope lengths, if required.
(H) More than two reverse bends in each rope is prohibited.

(I) All cable connections used to support scaffold platforms shall be by means of factory attached swayed fittings or other method affording equivalent strength. Only safety type shackles shall be used.
(J) Wire winders, cable winders, baskets, or the equivalent, when used on suspended scaffolds, shall be so constructed as to prevent kinking of the wire rope (cable).
1. The frame work shall be rigid enough to prevent distortion when stepped upon, if it is mounted upon the top of the working platform.
2. The cable feeding device, if tubular, shall be flared to permit smooth passage of the cable through it.
A. The feeding device shall be placed at a proper angle both vertically and horizontally so as to direct the cable into the storage area, wherein the greatest portion of the cable will store.
(21) Rope Tag Data.
(A) A metal data tag shall be securely attached to one of the wire rope fastenings. This data tag shall bear the following wire-rope data:
l. The diameter in inches.
2. Construction classification.
3. Whether nonpreformed or preformed.
4. The grade of material used.
5. The manufacturer's rated breaking-strength.
6. Name of the manufacturer of the rope.
7. The month and year the ropes were installed.
(22) Electrical Wiring and Equipment.
(A) All electrical equipment and wiring shall conform to the California Code of Regulations, Title 8, Electrical Safety Orders.

(B) All motors and operation and control equipment shall be supplied from a single power source.
(C) The power supply for the powered platform shall be an independent circuit supplied through a fused disconnect switch.
(D) Electrical conductor parts of the power supply system shall be protected against accidental contact.
(E) "Effective" electrical grounding shall be provided.
1. Provisions for electrical grounding shall be included with the power-supply system.
2. Controller cabinets, motor frames, hoisting machines, the working platform, roof car and roof car track system, and noncurrent carrying carts of electrical equipment, where provided, shall be grounded.
3. The controller, where used, shall be so designed and installed that a single ground or short circuit will not prevent both the normal and final stopping device from stopping the working platform.
4. Means shall be provided on the roof car and working platform for grounding portable electric tools.
5. The working platform shall be grounded through a grounding connection in a traveling cable. Electrically powered tools utilized on the working platform shall be grounded.
(F) Electrical receptacles located on the roof or other exterior location shall be of a weatherproof type and shall be located so as not to be subject to contact with water or accumulated snow. The receptacles shall be grounded and the electric cable shall include a grounding conductor. The receptacle and plug shall be a type designed to avoid hazard to persons inserting or withdrawing the plug. Provision shall be made to prevent application of cable strain directly to the plug and receptacle.
(G) Electric runway conductor systems shall be of the type designed for use in exterior locations and shall be located so as not to be subject to contact with water or accumulated snow. The conductors, collectors, and disconnecting means shall conform to the requirements of the California Code of Regulations, Title 8, Electrical Safety Orders. A grounded conductor shall parallel the power conductors and be so connected that it cannot be opened by the disconnecting means. The system shall be designed to avoid hazard to persons in the area.
(H) Electrical protective devices and interlocks of the weatherproof type shall be provided.
(I) Where the installation includes a roof car, electric contact(s) shall be provided and so connected that the operating devices for the working platform shall be operative only when the roof car is located and mechanically retained at an established operating point.
(J) Where the powered platform includes a power-operated roof car, the operating device for the roof car shall be inoperative when the roof car is mechanically retained at an established operating point.
(K) An electric contact shall be provided and so connected that it will cause the down direction relay for vertical travel to open if the tension in the traveling cable exceeds safe limits.
(L) An automatic overload device shall be provided to cut off the electrical power to the circuit in all hoisting motors for travel in the up direction, should the load applied to the hoisting ropes at either end of the working platform exceed 125 percent of its normal tension with rated load, as shown on the manufacturer's data plate on the working platform.
(M) An automatic device shall be provided for each hoisting rope which will cut off the electrical power to the hoisting motor or motors in the down direction and apply the brakes if any hoisting rope becomes slack.
(N) Upper and lower directional limit devices shall be provided to prevent the travel of the working platform beyond the normal upper and lower limits of travel.
(Q) Operation of a directional limit device shall prevent further motion in the appropriate direction, if the normal limit of travel has been reached.
(P) Directional limit devices, if driven from the hoisting machine by chains, tapes, or cables, shall incorporate a device to disconnect the electric bower from the hoisting machine and apply both the primary and secondary brakes in the event of failure of the driving means.

(Q) Final terminal stopping devices of the working platform:
l. Final terminal stopping devices for the working platform shall be provided as a secondary means of preventing the working platform from over-traveling at the terminals.
2. The device shall be set to function as close to each terminal landing as practical, but in such a way that under normal operating conditions it will not function when the working platform is stopped by the normal terminal stopping device.
3. Operation of the final terminal stopping device shall open the potential relay for vertical travel, thereby disconnecting the electric power from the hoisting machine, and applying both the primary and secondary brakes.
4. The final terminal stopping device for the upper limit of travel shall be mounted so that it is operated directly by the motion of the working platform itself.
(R) Emergency stop switches shall be provided in or adjacent to each operating device.
(S) Emergency stop switches shall:
1. Have red operating buttons or handles.
2. Be conspicuously and permanently marked "Stop."
3. Be the manually opened and manually closed type.
4. Be positively opened with the opening not solely dependent on springs.
(T) The manual operation of an emergency stop switch associated with an operating device for the working platform shall open the potential relay for vertical travel, thereby disconnecting the electric power from the hoisting machine and applying both the primary and secondary brakes.
(U) The manual operation of the emergency stop switch associated with the operating device for a power-driven roof car shall cause the electrical power to the traverse machine to be interrupted, and the traverse machine brake to apply. (Title 24, Part 2, Section 2-8512(f).)

(23) Requirements for Emergency Communications.
(A) Communication equipment shall be provided for each powered platform for use in an emergency.
(B) Two-way communication shall be established between personnel on the roof and personnel on the stalled working platform before any emergency operation of the working platform is undertaken by personnel on the roof.
(C) The equipment shall permit two-way voice communication between the working platform and
1. Designated personnel continuously available while the powered platform is in use; and
2. Designated personnel on roof-powered platforms, undertaking emergency operation of the working platform by means of the emergency operating device located near the hoisting machine.
(D) The emergency communication equipment shall be one of the following types:
1. Telephone connected to the central telephone exchange system; or
2. Telephones on a limited system or an approved two-way radio system, provided designated personnel are available to receive a message during the time the powered platform is in use. (Title 24, Part 2, Section 2-8512(g).).
(d) Type T Powered Platform (1) Roof Car. The requirements of subparagraphs (c)(l) through (c)(5) of this appendix shall apply to Type T powered platforms.
(2) Working Platform. The requirements of subparagraphs (c)(6) through (c)(16) of this appendix apply to Type T powered platforms.
(A) The working platform shall be suspended, by at least two wire ropes.
(B) The maximum rated speed at which the working platform of self-powered platforms may be moved in a vertical direction shall not exceed 35 feet per minute.
(C) Each powered platform shall be provide with a horizontal safety line.
(3) Hoisting Equipment. The requirements of subparagraphs (c)(17) and (18) of this appendix shall apply to Type T powered platforms.
(4) Brakes. Brakes requirements of subparagraph (c)(19) of this appendix shall apply.
(5) Hoisting Ropes and Rope Connections.
(A) Subparagraphs (c)(20)(A) through (F) and (H) of this appendix shall apply to Type T power platforms.
(B) Adjustable shackle rods in subparagraph (c)(20)(G) of this appendix shall apply to Type T powered platforms, if the working platform is suspended by more than two wire ropes.
(6) Electrical Wiring and Equipment.
(A) The reguirements of subparagraphs (c)(22)(A) through (F) of this appendix shall apply to Type T powered platforms. "Circuit protection limitation," "powered platform electrical service system," all operating services and control eguipment shall comply with the specifications contained in the California Code of Regulations, Title 8, Electrical Safety Orders.

(B) For electrical protective devices, the requirements of subparagraphs (c)(22)(G) through (P) shall apply to Type T platforms. Requirements for the "circuit potential limitation" shall be in accordance with the specifications contained in the California Code of Regulations, Title 8, Electrical Safety Orders.
(7) Emergency Communications. All the requirements of subparagraph (c)(23) of this appendix shall apply to Type T powered platforms. (Title 24, Part 2, Section 2-8513).
(e) Safety Belts and Safety Lines.
(1) Each employee on the working platform of Type T powered platforms shall be provided with and required to use a body harness or safety belt attached to a vertical or horizontal safety line, If a horizontal safety line (dog line) is used the length of the lanyard shall not exceed 5 feet and shall employ an energy absorbing device acceptable to the Division.
(2) Body harnesses or safety belts, lines and other components, including fastening means and anchorages to the working platform shall conform with applicable provisions of Appendix C.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section l 42.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 3300. Live Steam and Air Hoses.
(a) Live steam or air hoses used to agitate liquids in tanks and vats shall be securely fastened to prevent hose ends from whipping out of the tank or vat. This does not apply to hoses used with pipe lances which are manually held in position for agitation.
(b) Steam and air hose connections shall be securely made and maintained in safe working condition.
(c) Hoses and connections shall be designed, manufactured and maintained to withstand the pressures and service to which they are subjected.

s 3301. Use of Compressed Air or Gases.
(a) Compressed air or other compressed gases in excess of 10 pounds per square inch gauge shall not be used to blow dirt, chips, or dust from clothing while it is being worn.
(b) Compressed air or gases shall not be used to empty containers of liquids where the pressure can exceed the safe working pressure of the container.
(c) The use of compressed air shall be so controlled, and proper personal protective equipment or safeguards utilized, as to protect against the possibility of eye or body injury to the operator or other workers.
(d) Abrasive blast cleaning nozzles shall be equipped with an operating valve which must be held open manually. A support shall be provided on which the nozzle may be mounted when it is not in use.
(e) Compressed gases shall not be used to elevate or otherwise transfer any substance from one container to another unless the containers are designed to withstand, with a factor of safety of at least four, the maximum possible pressure that may be applied.
(f) Pressure testing of any object shall be in accordance with Section 560(c) and (d) of the Unfired Pressure Vessel Safety Orders. Note:For further guidance in the utilization of compressed gases in cylinders see, Group 9; for portable tanks, rail tank cars, or motor vehicle cargo tanks, see Compressed Gas Association Pamphlet P-1-1965.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 3302. Gas Blowing of Hazardous Substances.

s 3303. Flying Particles or Substances.
Wherever there is danger of injury from flying particles or substances, adequate shields, screens, chip guards, or enclosures shall be provided and they shall be designed and constructed for the purpose of deflecting or confining said flying particles or substances in a manner that will prevent injury to employees. When it is not possible to provide such guards, employees subject to such hazards shall be protected by the use of personal protective equipment.

s 3304. Miscellaneous Use of Compressed Cylinder Gas.
(a) Employers shall not permit the use of compressed cylinder gas for testing pressure vessels unless there is installed in the compressed gas supply line or on the vessel being tested a pressure relief device set to function at a pressure not to exceed the safe working pressure of the vessel.
(b) Compressed gas shall never be used from a cylinder or cylinder manifold where pressures dangerous to employees may develop unless an accepted pressure regulating device is installed on the cylinder valve or manifold. The term "accepted" here means that the pressure regulating device is listed by Underwriters' Laboratories or some other recognized authority of equivalent standing.
Note: Cylinder as used in this order means an Interstate Commerce Commission compressed gas cylinder.

s 3305. Misuse of Oxygen Prohibited.
Compressed oxygen shall never be used:
(a) To purge pipe lines, tanks, or any confined area.
(b) To supply head pressure in a tank.
(c) In pneumatic tools.
(d) In oil preheating burners.
(e) To start internal combustion engines.
(f) For ventilation.
(g) For "dusting" clothing.
(h) In any other way as a substitute for compressed air.

s 3306. Salvaging Pressure Vessels.
Pressure vessels or other containers shall not be crushed, sheared, baled or otherwise processed for salvage until the employer has made certain that such vessels or containers do not contain hazardous substances or pressures in quantities which would render them unsafe for such salvaging operations. No attempt shall be made to open closed pressure vessels or containers of unknown contents until adequate precautionary measures have been taken to eliminate risk of injury to employees. Such precautionary measures may include rupture or perforation of the vessels while they are protected by barricades, enclosures or isolation.
Note: Certain cylinders and vessels, after passing their useful life, are destroyed by the owner of the vessel in such a manner that it can be resold for salvage purposes and can be crushed, sheared, melted or otherwise processed safely. (Some closed pressure vessels and containers may be safely disposed of by burying in the earth rather than by attempting to salvage them.)

s 3307. Reconditioning Closed Containers.
Where internal fluid pressure is necessary to remove dents or depressions from a closed container, hydrostatic pressure only shall be used. The hydrostatic pressure used shall be developed only by static head or hydraulic pumps.

s 3308. Hot Pipes and Hot Surfaces.
Pipes or other exposed surfaces having an external surface temperature sufficient to burn human tissue on momentary contact and located within 7 feet measured vertically from floor or working level or within 15 inches measured horizontally from stairways, ramps or fixed ladders shall be covered with a thermal insulating material or otherwise guarded against contact. This order does not apply to operations where the nature of the work or the size of the parts makes guarding or insulating impracticable.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 3309. Drainage and Ventilation.
(a) Trenches, tunnels and pits inside buildings shall have proper drainage and ventilation, or other means of protecting employees who work in these areas shall be provided as required in Group 16 of these orders.
(b) Sewage tanks and sewage sumps inside buildings shall be tightly covered and ventilated with a suitable vent to the outside atmosphere so located as not to endanger the safety of employees.

s 3310. Discharge Location.
(a) The discharge opening from traps, drains, and blowoffs shall be located so as not to endanger the safety of employees.
(b) Internal combustion engine exhaust pipe outlets shall be so located that the exhaust vapors or gases will not be drawn into the air inlets of air compressors or air conditioning systems.
(c) Exhaust condensed steam shall not reduce the visibility around machinery or on walkways, roads, and runways to the extent that hazards to employees are created by such reduction in visibility.
(d) Relief or vent discharges of tanks or other closed vessels in which there are toxic or flammable vapors or gases, fumes, dusts or other harmful substances shall be located so as not to endanger the safety of employees. When it is impractical to divert dangerous concentrations of toxic or flammable vapors or gases, fumes, dusts or other harmful substances from such working areas, employees performing work of a transient nature in these areas shall be provided with, and shall wear, approved respiratory and personal protective equipment.

s 3311. Flarebacks.
(a) To provide greater safety in lighting and relighting fixed fired equipment, the employer shall designate one or more employees who shall be trained in the safe lighting and relighting of the equipment. It shall be the responsibility of the employer to limit lighting and relighting of the equipment to employees so designated. It shall be the responsibility of the employees to follow the instructions given them. Copies of the instructions shall be prominently displayed at a location near the equipment.
(b) In addition to the above fire boxes or combustion chambers shall be purged or allowed sufficient time to vent themselves before a source of ignition is introduced into them.
(c) Provision shall be made, for the furnishing of extension lighting rods, where their use is indicated. Valves and other controls shall be so located as to avoid placing the employee in anunsafe position if a flareback occurs.

s 3312. Entering Combustion Chambers, Flues, Boilers or Unfired Steam Pressure Vessels.
(a) Before employees are allowed to enter, through a manhole, the shell or drum of a steam boiler or an unfired steam pressure vessel for maintenance or repair, where such a boiler or pressure vessel is one of a battery of two or more boilers or vessels or is connected to another source of steam, the valves connecting to the steam header or other source of steam shall be closed and effectively blinded or two valves shall be installed with a bleeder between them and the valves shall be closed and bleeder open. Blow down valves and other valves on lines through which harmful material might accidentally flow back to the boiler or vessel shall be either sealed or closed and locked and the key retained by the employee or his supervisor while the employee is in the boiler or vessel. When lines are effectively blinded the valves need not be locked or sealed.
(b) Employees shall not enter or be required to enter the fire boxes, flues or combustion chambers of fired apparatus until:
(1) The pilot light, fuel and steam lines to burners entering the fire box or combustion chamber have been blinded, disconnected or effectively closed by the use of two block valves with an open bleeder between them.
(2) All probability of ignition of any solid combustibles in the fire box or combustion chamber has been removed.

s 3313. Use of Solvents for Washing.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 3314. The Control of Hazardous Energy for the Cleaning, Repairing, Servicing, Setting-Up, and Adjusting Operations of Prime Movers, Machinery and Equipment, Including Lockout/Tagout.
(a) Application.
(1) This Section applies to the cleaning, repairing, servicing, setting-up and adjusting of machines and equipment in which the unexpected energization or start up of the machines or equipment, or release of stored energy could cause injury to employees.
(2) For the purposes of this Section, cleaning, repairing, servicing and adjusting activities shall include unjamming prime movers, machinery and equipment.
(3) Requirements for working on energized electrical systems are prescribed in Sections 2320.1 through 2320.9 or 2940 through 2945.
(b) Definitions:
Affected employee. For the purpose of this section, an employee whose job requires them to operate or use a machine or equipment on which cleaning, repairing, servicing, setting-up or adjusting operations are being performed under lockout or tagout, or whose job requires the employee to work in an area in which such activities are being performed under lockout or tagout.
Authorized employee or person. For the purposes of this section, a qualified person who locks out or tags out specific machines or equipment in order to perform cleaning, repairing, servicing, setting-up, and adjusting operations on that machine or equipment. An affected employee becomes an authorized employee when that employee's duties including performing cleaning, repairing, servicing, setting-up and adjusting operations covered under this section.
Locked out. The use of devices, positive methods and procedures, which will result in the effective isolation or securing of prime movers, machinery and equipment from mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical, electrical, thermal or other hazardous energy sources.
Normal Production Operations. The utilization of a machine or equipment to perform its intended production function.
Prime Mover. The source of mechanical power for a machine.
(c) Cleaning, Servicing and Adjusting Operations.
Machinery or equipment capable of movement shall be stopped and the power source de-energized or disengaged, and, if necessary, the moveable parts shall be mechanically blocked or locked out to prevent inadvertent movement, or release of stored energy during cleaning, servicing and adjusting operations. Accident prevention signs or tags or both shall be placed on the controls of the power source of the machinery or equipment.

(1) If the machinery or equipment must be capable of movement during this period in order to perform the specific task, the employer shall minimize the hazard by providing and requiring the use of extension tools (eg., extended swabs, brushes, scrapers) or other methods or means to protect employees from injury due to such movement. Employees shall be made familiar with the safe use and maintenance of such tools, methods or means, by thorough training.
(d) Repair Work and Setting-Up Operations.
Prime movers, equipment, or power-driven machines equipped with lockable controls or readily adaptable to lockable controls shall be locked out or positively sealed in the "off" position during repair work and setting-up operations. Machines, equipment, or prime movers not equipped with lockable controls or readily adaptable to lockable controls shall be considered in compliance with Section 3314 when positive means are taken, such as de-energizing or disconnecting the equipment from its source of power, or other action which will effectively prevent the equipment, prime mover or machine from inadvertent movement or release of stored energy. In all cases, accident prevention signs or tags or both shall be placed on the controls of the equipment, machines and prime movers during repair work and setting-up operations.Exceptions to subsections (c) and (d): 1. Minor tool changes and adjustments, and other minor servicing activities, which take place during normal production operations are not covered by the requirements of Section 3314 if they are routine, repetitive, and integral to the use of the equipment or machinery for production, provided that the work is performed using alternative measures which provide effective protection. 2. Work on cord and plug-connected electric equipment for which exposure to the hazards of unexpected energization or start up of the equipment is controlled by the unplugging of the equipment from the energy source and by the plug being under the exclusive control of the employee performing the work.
3. Where an employer has a uniform system with unique and personally identifiable locks designed for lockout, that are placed on the source of energy, accident prevention signs or tags are not required.
(e) Materials and Hardware. The employer shall provide accident prevention signs, tags, padlocks, seals or other similarly effective means which may be required for cleaning, servicing, adjusting, repair work or setting-up operations. Signs, tags, padlocks, and seals shall have means by which they can be readily secured to the controls. Tagout device attachment means shall be of a non-reusable type, attachable by hand, self-locking, and non-releasable with a minimum unlocking strength of no less than 50 pounds.
(f) Repetitive Process Machines. On repetitive process machines, such as numerical control machines, which require power or current continuance to maintain indexing and where repair, adjustment, testing, or setting-up operations cannot be accomplished with the prime mover or hazardous energy source disconnected, such operations may be performed under the following conditions:
(1) The operating station where the machine may be activated must at all times be under the control of a qualified operator or craftsman.
(2) All participants must be in clear view of the operator or in positive communication with each other.
(3) All participants must be beyond the reach of machine elements which may move rapidly and present a hazard to them.
(4) Where machine configuration or size requires that the operator leave his control station to install tools, and where machine elements exist which may move rapidly if activated, such elements must be separately locked out by positive means.
(5) During repair procedures where mechanical components are being adjusted or replaced, the machine shall be de-energized or disconnected from its power source. Note: "Participant" shall mean any other person(s) engaged in the repair, adjustment, testing, or setting up operation in addition to the qualified operator or craftsman having control of the machine operating station.
(g) Hazardous Energy Control Procedures. A hazardous energy control procedure shall be developed and utilized by the employer when employees are engaged in the cleaning, repairing, servicing, setting-up or adjusting of prime movers, machinery and equipment.
(1) The procedure shall clearly and specifically outline the scope, purpose, authorization, rules, and techniques to be utilized for the control of hazardous energy, and the means to enforce compliance, including but not limited to, the following:
(A) A statement of the intended use of the procedure;

(B) The procedural steps for shutting down, isolating, blocking and securing machines or equipment to control hazardous energy;
(C) The procedural steps for the placement, removal and transfer of lockout devices and tagout devices and responsibilities; and,
(D) The requirements for testing a machine or equipment, to determine and verify the effectiveness of lockout devices, tagout devices and other hazardous energy control devices.
(2) The employer's hazardous energy control procedures shall be documented in writing.
(A) The employer's hazardous energy control procedure shall include separate procedural steps for the safe lockout/tagout of each machine or piece of equipment affected by the hazardous energy control procedure.
Exceptionto subsection (g)(2)(A):The procedural steps for the safe lockout/tagout of prime movers, machinery or equipment may be used for a group or type of machinery or equipment, when either of the following two conditions exist:

(1) Condition 1:
(A) The operational controls named in the procedural steps are configured in a similar manner, and
(B) The locations of disconnect points (energy isolating devices) are identified, and
(C) The sequence of steps to safely lockout or tagout the machinery or equipment are similar.
(2) Condition 2: The machinery or equipment has a single energy supply that is readily identified and isolated and has no stored or residual hazardous energy.
(h) Periodic inspection.
The employer shall conduct a periodic inspection of the energy control procedure(s) at least annually to evaluate their continued effectiveness and determine necessity for updating the written procedure(s).

(1) The periodic inspection shall be performed by an authorized employee or person other than the one(s) utilizing the hazardous energy control procedures being inspected.
(2) Where lockout and/or tagout is used for hazardous energy control, the periodic inspection shall include a review between the inspector and authorized employees of their responsibilities under the hazardous energy control procedure being inspected.
(3) The employer shall certify that the periodic inspections have been performed. The certification shall identify the machine or equipment on which the hazardous energy control procedure was being utilized, the date of the inspection, the employees included in the inspection, and the person performing the inspection.
(i) Whenever outside servicing personnel are to be engaged in activities covered by this section, the on-site employer's lockout or tagout procedures shall be followed.
(j) Training.

(1) Authorized employees shall be trained on hazardous energy control procedures and on the hazards related to performing activities required for cleaning, repairing, servicing, setting-up and adjusting prime movers, machinery and equipment.
(2) Each affected employee shall be instructed in the purpose and use of the energy control procedure.
(3) All other employees whose work operations may be in an area where energy control procedures may be utilized, shall be instructed about the prohibition relating to attempts to restart or reenergize machines or equipment which are locked out or tagged out.
(4) Such training shall be documented as required by Section 3203.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 3315. Hand Trucks.
Hand trucks shall be maintained in a safe condition. Handles shall be maintained free of hazardous burrs, splinters, cracks, or splits.

s 3316. Hand Tools.

s 3317. Illumination.
(a) Working areas, stairways, aisles, passageways, work benches and machines shall be provided with either natural or artificial illumination which is adequate and suitable to provide a reasonably safe place of employment. Minimum illumination levels for safety alone are listed for various typical areas in Table IL-1. (Title 24, Part 2, Section 512, Table 5-C.)
TABLE IL-1

MINIMUM LEVELS OF ILLUMINATION FOR SAFETY

Hazards
Requiring
Visual Detection ........... Slight High
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Normal Activity
Level ........... Low ....... High Low High
Areas ........... Storage
Yards ... Loading Areas Elevators Engine Rooms
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Offices ... Warehouses Stairways Processing Areas
Locker
Rooms ... Corridors Assembly Machine Shops
Areas
Washrooms Layout Areas Sheet Metal Works
Spray Booths Woodworking Shops
Inspection Areas
Footcandles ..... 0.5 ....... 1.0 2.0 3.0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Notes:
(1) To assure these levels at all times, higher initial levels need to be provided to compensate for their depreciation due to the decrease of light output of lamps with age and to the accumulation of dirt on lamps and room surfaces.
(2) For areas or operations not covered above, and for recommended illumination levels for efficient visual performance in varied tasks and areas, refer to ANSI/IES RP-7-1991, Practice for Industrial Lighting and ANSI/IES RP-1-1993, Practice for Office Lighting. (Title 24, Part 2, Section 512, Table 5-C.)
(b) When adequate natural illumination or permanent artificial illumination cannot be made available to secure the safety of employees, suitable portable lights shall be provided.
(c) Skylights, side windows, lamps, and other light accessories which provide necessary illumination shall be kept sufficiently clean, adjusted, and repaired so as not to impair the illumination required for the safety of employees.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 3318. Counterweights.
All counterweights shall be enclosed with a guard which shall extend from the working level to at least the midpoint of the counterweight when it is in its highest position, or shall be otherwise guarded to afford at least equivalent protection unless they are so located that their falling would create no hazard or the area directly below the counterweight is effectively barricaded against passage.
Note: In lieu of above, counterweights may be held with safety chains or cables or otherwise protected against falling.

s 3319. Fueling.
(a) No internal combustion engine fuel tank shall be refilled with a flammable liquid while the engine is running. Fueling shall be done in such a manner that likelihood of spillage is minimal. If a spill occurs it shall be washed away completely, evaporated, or equivalent action taken to control vapors before restarting the engine. Fuel tank caps shall be replaced before starting the engine.
(b) A listed gasoline pump shall be provided to service the fuel tanks of all gasoline engine driven equipment, unless done in a safe manner by a gravity flow, with a metal-to-metal contact between the containers and the fuel tank. When a hose is used it shall be of a type which is designed to handle gasoline. No gasoline shall be handled in open containers. Gravity flow systems shall be fitted with self closing nozzles.
Exception: Pumps which are an integral part of a gasoline vapor recovery system, certified by the State Air Resources Board and the State Fire Marshal pursuant to the provisions of Sections 41954 through 41961, inclusive, of the California Health and Safety Codes.
(c) Open lights, open flames, or sparking or arcing equipment, except that which is an integral part of automotive equipment, shall not be used near fuel storage tanks or internal combustion engine equipment while being fueled with flammable liquids.
(d) Every gas fueling system with line pressure in excess of 15 pounds per square inch, including traps, valves, and fittings shall be capable of withstanding the maximum working pressure with a factor of safety of at least four.
In lieu of compliance with the above, existing installations shall be provided with a relief valve installed between the regulator and the gas consuming device. Such relief valve shall be set to operate at a pressure less than the maximum safe working strength of the weakest part of the system. There shall be no block valve between the regulator and the relief valve nor in the discharge line from the relief.
(e) Refueling with portable containers shall be done with approved safety type containers equipped with an automatic closing cap and flame arrester.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 3320. Warning Signs.
There shall be conspicuously displayed at all machines driven by electric motors that are controlled by fully automatic starters and which may injure employees, legible signs giving warning that the machines are automatically controlled and may start at any time.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 3321. Identification of Piping.
(a) Where, in any one establishment, one or more hazardous substances are transported through pipe lines, all above ground piping systems used to transport gases, vapors, liquids, semi-liquids, or plastics shall be identified at points where confusion would introduce hazards to employees. (continued)