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(continued)
(4) Monitor the presence of Giardia cysts in the approved surface water whenever agricultural grazing, water oriented recreation, or point source domestic wastewater discharges occur on the watershed. At a minimum the monitoring shall measure the Giardia cyst concentration monthly at a point immediately prior to the first or only point of disinfectant application. The monitoring results shall be included in an annual report to the Department. This monitoring requirement may be waived after one year for suppliers serving fewer than 500 persons when the monitoring results indicate a mean Giardia cyst concentration of 1 cyst per 100 litres or less.
(f) The water system shall be subject to an annual on-site inspection to assess the watershed control program and disinfection treatment process. Either the Department or a party approved by the Department shall conduct the on-site inspection. The inspection shall be conducted by competent individuals who have a sound understanding of public health principles and waterborne diseases, such as sanitary engineers, civil engineers, environmental health specialists, or technicians who have experience and knowledge about the operation and maintenance of a public water system. A report of the on-site inspection summarizing all findings shall be prepared every calendar year and submitted to the Department, if not conducted by the Department, by December 31 of that year. The on-site inspection shall be comprehensive to enable the Department to determine whether the watershed control program and disinfection treatment process are adequately designed and maintained. The on-site inspection shall include:
(1) A review of the effectiveness of the watershed control program;
(2) A review of the physical condition of the source intake and how well it is protected;
(3) A review of the supplier's equipment maintenance program to ensure there is low probability for failure of the disinfection process;
(4) An inspection of the disinfection equipment for physical deterioration;
(5) A review of operating procedures;
(6) A review of data records to ensure that all required tests are being conducted and recorded and disinfection is effectively practiced; and
(7) Identification of any improvements which are needed in the equipment, system maintenance and operation, or data collection.
(g) The water system shall not have been identified as a source of a waterborne microbial disease outbreak, or if it has been so identified, the system shall have been modified sufficiently to prevent another such occurrence, as determined by the Department.
(h) The water system shall comply with the total coliform maximum contaminant level (MCL) specified in 22 CCR section 64426.1 at least 11 of the 12 previous months that the system served water to the public on an ongoing basis, unless the Department determines that failure to meet this requirement was not caused by the unfiltered approved surface water.
(i) The water system shall comply with the requirements for trihalomethanes specified in 22 CCR section 64439 unless the Department determines that failure to meet this requirement was not caused by a deficiency in treatment of the unfiltered approved surface water.
(j) The supplier shall provide to the Department an annual report, by December 31st of each year, which summarizes its compliance with all the watershed control program requirements.
(k) The water system shall meet the following special disinfection requirements:
(1) The water system shall not fail to provide disinfection treatment sufficient to ensure at least a 99.9 percent inactivation of Giardia cysts and a 99.99 percent inactivation of viruses for more than one day in any month the water system served unfiltered approved surface water. The means used to demonstrate the required percent inactivation with disinfection shall be as identified in 40 CFR sections 141.72(a)(1), and 141.74(b)(3) and (b)(4). Disinfection information collected pursuant to this subsection shall be reported to the Department in conformance with the requirements of 40 CFR section 141.75(a)(2). The necessity to install filtration as a result of a failure to meet the requirements in subsection (c) will not apply if:
(A) Either the supplier meets the requirements of subsection (c) at least 11 of the 12 previous months that the system served unfiltered approved surface water to the public on an ongoing basis, or
(B) The system fails to meet the requirements of subsection (c) during 2 of the 12 previous months that the system served unfiltered approved surface water to the public, and
(C) The Department determines that failure to meet the requirements in subsection (c) for at least one of these months was caused by circumstances that were unusual and unpredictable.
(2) The disinfection system shall have either:
(A) Redundant components, including an auxiliary power supply with automatic start-up and alarm to ensure that disinfectant application is maintained continuously while water is being delivered to the distribution system; or
(B) Automatic shut-off of delivery of water to the distribution system whenever there is less than 0.2 mg/l of residual disinfectant concentration in the water.
(3) The water system shall meet the requirements of section 64654(b)(1) at all times the system serves unfiltered approved surface water to the public unless the Department determines that any such failure was caused by circumstances that were unusual and unpredictable.
(4) The water system shall meet the requirements of section 64654(b)(2) on an ongoing basis unless the Department determines that failure to meet these requirements was not caused by a deficiency in treatment of the unfiltered approved surface water.
(l) Whenever the monitoring of the quality of the approved surface water indicates the turbidity exceeds 5.0 NTU, or the fecal coliform level exceeds 20/100 mL or the total coliform concentration exceeds 100/100 mL in 10 percent or more of the samples collected in the previous six months during which the system served unfiltered approved surface water to the public on an ongoing basis, the source shall be removed from service. The source may be returned to service when monitoring subsequent to removing the source from service demonstrates that the turbidity is less than or equal to 5.0 NTU and the fecal coliform level is less than or equal to 20/100 mL or the total coliform level is less than or equal to 100/100 mL for two consecutive days, and Giardia monitoring results indicate 1 cyst per 100 liters or less. If a system measures both fecal and total coliforms, the fecal coliform criterion, not the total coliform criterion, in this subsection shall be met.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116270, 116275, 116350, 116365, 116375, 116385, 116390, 116400, 116525, 116530, 116535, 116540, 116550, 116625 and 116735, Health and Safety Code.
s 64653. Filtration.
(a) All approved surface water utilized by a supplier shall be treated using one of the following filtration technologies unless an alternative process has been approved by the Department pursuant to subsections (f), (g) and (h):
(1) Conventional filtration treatment
(2) Direct filtration treatment
(3) Diatomaceous earth filtration
(4) Slow sand filtration
(b) Conventional filtration treatment shall be deemed to be capable of achieving at least 99.7 percent removal of Giardia cysts and 99 percent removal of viruses when in compliance with operation criteria specified in section 64660 and performance standards specified in subsection (c). Direct filtration treatment, diatomaceous earth filtration and slow sand filtration shall be deemed to be capable of achieving at least 99 percent removal of Giardia cysts and a 90 percent removal of viruses when in compliance with operation criteria specified in section 64660 and performance standards specified in subsections (c) and (d).
(c) Conventional filtration, direct filtration, or diatomaceous earth filtration shall comply with the following performance standards for each treatment plant:
(1) The turbidity level of the filtered water shall be equal to or less than 0.5 NTU in 95 percent of the measurements taken each month and shall not exceed 5.0 NTU at any time.
(2) For those suppliers using a grab sampling monitoring program the turbidity level of the filtered water shall not exceed 1.0 NTU in more than two samples taken consecutively while the plant is in operation. For those suppliers using a continuous monitoring program the turbidity level of the filtered water shall not exceed 1.0 NTU for more than eight consecutive hours while the plant is in operation.
(d) Slow sand filtration shall comply with the following performance standards for each treatment plant:
(1) The turbidity level of the filtered water shall be less than or equal to 1.0 NTU in 95 percent of the measurements taken each month. However, filtered water from the treatment plant may exceed 1.0 NTU, provided the filter effluent prior to disinfection meets the maximum contaminant level for total coliforms as specified in 22 CCR section 64426.1.
(2) The turbidity level of the filtered water shall not exceed 5.0 NTU at any time.
(e) In order to obtain approval for a higher removal efficiency than that specified in subsection (b), a water supplier shall demonstrate to the Department that the higher removal efficiency can be reliably obtained.
(f) An alternative to the filtration technologies specified in subsection (a) may be used provided that the supplier demonstrates to the Department that the alternative technology provides a minimum of 99 percent Giardia cyst removal and 90 percent virus removal for suppliers serving more than 500 persons, or 90 percent Giardia cyst removal for suppliers serving 500 or fewer persons and meets the turbidity performance standards established in subsection (d). The demonstration shall be based on the results from a prior equivalency demonstration or a testing of a full scale installation that is treating a water with similar characteristics and is exposed to similar hazards as the water proposed for treatment. A pilot plant test of the water to be treated may also be used for this demonstration if conducted with the approval of the Department. The demonstration shall be presented in an engineering report prepared by a qualified engineer.
(g) Suppliers proposing to use an alternative filtration technology may request from the Department a waiver to comply with the requirements of subsection (f) to demonstrate 90 percent virus removal. The request shall be based on a watershed sanitary survey conducted in accordance with section 64665, within 12 months of the date of the request, that demonstrates a lack of virus hazard in the watershed.
(h) The Department's approval of alternative filtration technologies, including establishment of performance standards and monitoring requirements, shall be done in accordance with the permit process specified in sections 116525 through 116550 of the Health and Safety Code.
(i) Within 60 days following the first full year of operation of a new alternative filtration treatment process approved by the Department, the supplier shall submit an engineering report prepared by a qualified engineer describing the effectiveness of the plant operation. The report shall include results of all water quality tests performed and shall evaluate compliance with established performance standards under actual operating conditions. It shall also include an assessment of problems experienced, corrective actions needed, and a schedule for providing needed improvements.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116270, 116275, 116365, 116375, 116385, 116390, 116400, 116525, 116530, 116535, 116540, 116550, 116555, 116625 and 116735, Health and Safety Code.
s 64654. Disinfection.
(a) All approved surface water utilized by a supplier shall be provided with continuous disinfection treatment sufficient to insure that the total treatment process provides inactivation of Giardia cysts and viruses, in conjunction with the removals obtained through filtration, to meet the reduction requirements specified in section 64652(a).
(b) Disinfection treatment shall comply with the following performance standards:
(1) Water delivered to the distribution system shall not contain a disinfectant residual of less than 0.2 mg/l for more than four hours in any 24 hour period.
(2) The residual disinfectant concentrations of samples collected from the distribution system shall be detectable in at least 95 percent of the samples taken each month, during each and every two consecutive months that the system serves water to the public, except as provided in subsection (c). At any sample point in the distribution system, the presence of heterotrophic plate count (HPC) at concentrations less than or equal to 500 colony forming units per milliliter shall be considered equivalent to a detectable disinfectant residual.
(c) Paragraph (b)(2) shall not apply to suppliers serving fewer than 500 persons provided:
(1) The system is in compliance with 17 CCR sections 7583 through 7605, and with 22 CCR sections 64566 and 64630; and
(2) The supplier has no means for having a sample transported and analyzed for HPC by a certified laboratory under the appropriate time and temperature conditions and (3) the supplier is providing adequate disinfection in the distribution system.
(d) No exemptions from the requirement in paragraph (b)(1) are permitted.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116270, 116275, 116365, 116375, 116385, 116390, 116400, 116525, 116530, 116535, 116540, 116550, 116555, 116625, 116735 and 116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64655. Filtration.
(a) Each supplier using an approved surface water source shall monitor the turbidity level of each raw water supply by the taking and analyzing of daily grab samples.
(b) To determine compliance with the performance standards specified in section 64653, each supplier shall determine the turbidity level of representative samples of the combined filter effluent, prior to clearwell storage, at least once every four hours that the system is in operation, except as provided in subsection (d). Monitoring shall be conducted in accord with the operation plan required by section 64661.
(c) Continuous turbidity measurements may be substituted for grab sample monitoring provided the supplier validates the accuracy of the measurements on a weekly basis.
(d) Suppliers using slow sand filtration or serving 500 or fewer persons which are in compliance with performance standards specified in section 64653, may reduce turbidity monitoring to one grab sample per day.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116270, 116275, 116365, 116375, 116385, 116390, 116400, 116525, 116530, 116535, 116540, 116550, 116555, 116625 and 116735, Health and Safety Code.
s 64656. Disinfection.
(a) To determine compliance with disinfection inactivation requirements specified in section 64654(a), each supplier shall develop and conduct a monitoring program to measure those parameters that affect the performance of the disinfection process. This shall include but not be limited to the temperature of the disinfected water, the pH(s) of the disinfected water if chlorine is used as a disinfectant, the disinfectant contact time(s) and the residual disinfectant concentration(s) before or at the first customer. The monitoring program shall be described in the operations plan required by section 64661.
(b) To determine compliance with the performance standard specified in section 64654(b)(1), the disinfectant residual concentration of the water being delivered to the distribution system shall be measured and recorded continuously except as provided in subsection (f).
(c) To determine compliance with section 64654(b)(2), the residual disinfectant concentration must be measured at least at the same points in the distribution system and at the same time as total coliforms are sampled in accordance with 22 CCR section 64421, and described in the operations plan required by section 64661, except as provided in subsection (d).
(d) For suppliers that use both an approved surface water and a groundwater, the Department shall approve a request to take disinfectant residual samples at points other than those specified in subsection (c) provided the supplier demonstrates that such sampling points are representative of the disinfected approved surface water in the distribution system.
(e) If there is a failure of continuous disinfectant residual monitoring equipment, grab sampling every four hours may be conducted in lieu of continuous monitoring, but for no more than five working days following the failure of the equipment.
(f) Suppliers serving 3,300 or fewer persons may collect and analyze grab samples of disinfectant residual each day as shown below in lieu of the continuous monitoring specified in subsection (b), provided that any time the residual disinfectant falls below 0.2 mg/l, the supplier shall take a grab sample every four hours until the residual concentration is equal to or greater than 0.2 mg/l:
System size by population Samples/day
Less than or equal to 500 1
501 - 1,000 2
1,001 - 2,500 3
2,501 - 3,300 4
(g) Suppliers shall describe the location and frequency of sampling to comply with subsection (f) in the operations plan required by section 64661.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116270, 116275, 116365, 116375, 116385, 116390, 116400, 116525, 116530, 116535, 116540, 116550, 116555, 116625 and 116735, Health and Safety Code.
s 64658. New Treatment Plants.
(a) Suppliers which propose to construct new filtration and disinfection treatment facilities or to modify or make additions to existing treatment facilities which require permit approval from the Department pursuant to Health and Safety Code sections 4011 through 4016 shall submit an engineering report to the Department describing how the proposed new treatment facilities will be designed to comply with the treatment, design, performance and reliability provisions required pursuant to this chapter. Modifications requiring permit approval include those that have a significant effect on plant performance, change the plant design rating or capacity, or change a major treatment process.
(b) All new filtration and disinfection facilities shall be designed and constructed to comply with the following criteria:
(1) Achieve an average daily effluent turbidity goal of 0.2 NTU when using conventional, direct, and diatomaceous earth filtration plants.
(2) Be free of structural and sanitary hazards.
(3) Protect against contamination by backflow.
(4) Meet the capacity and pressure requirements prescribed in 22 CCR sections 64562 and 64566.
(5) Provide flow measuring and recording equipment.
(6) Take into consideration the effects of events such as earthquakes, fires, floods, freezing, and sabotage that are reasonably foreseeable.
(7) Provide reasonable access for inspection, maintenance, and monitoring of all unit processes.
(8) Provide for filter-to-waste for each filter unit or addition of coagulant chemicals to the water used for backwashing.
(9) Provide backwash rates and surface or subsurface wash facilities using air, water or a combination thereof to clean the filter after use to its original condition.
(10) Provide solids removal treatment for filter backwash water if it is recycled into the treatment process. Recycled backwash water shall be returned to the headworks of the treatment plant.
(11) Provide for the future addition of pretreatment facilities in the design of direct filtration, slow sand, or diatomaceous earth filtration plants.
(12) Provide disinfection equipment sized for the full range of flow conditions expected and capable of feeding accurately at all flow rates.
(13) Provide for treatment plant operation without frequent shutdowns and startups or rapid changes in filtration rates.
(c) Whenever a coagulation process is used, the process selection shall be based on pilot plant or laboratory scale (jar test) or equivalent results that demonstrate effectiveness of the coagulant chemicals over the full range of water quality conditions expected.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 208 and 4023.3, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 4010, 4010.1, 4011, 4012, 4013, 4014, 4016, 4023.1, 4023.3, 4024, 4025, 4026.4, 4031 and 4039, Health and Safety Code.
s 64659. Reliability.
(a) The following reliability features shall be included in the design and construction of all new and existing surface water treatment plants:
(1) Alarm devices to provide warning of coagulation, filtration, and disinfection failures. All devices shall warn a person designated by the supplier as responsible for taking corrective action, or have provisions to shut the plant down until corrective action can be taken.
(2) Standby replacement equipment available to assure continuous operation and control of unit processes for coagulation, filtration and disinfection.
(3) A continuous turbidity monitoring and recording unit on the combined filter effluent prior to clearwell storage.
(4) Multiple filter units which provide redundant capacity when filters are out of service for backwash or maintenance.
(b) Alternatives to the requirements specified in section 64659(a) shall be accepted provided the water supplier demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Department that the proposed alternative will assure an equal degree of reliability.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 208 and 4023.3, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 4010, 4010.1, 4011, 4012, 4013, 4014, 4016, 4023.1, 4023.3, 4024, 4025, 4026.4, 4031 and 4039, Health and Safety Code.
s 64660. Operating Criteria.
(a) All treatment plants utilizing an approved surface water shall be operated by operators certified by the Department in accordance with Health and Safety Code section 106885.
(b) Filtration facilities shall be operated in accordance with the following requirements:
(1) Conventional and direct filtration plants shall be operated at flow rates not to exceed 3.0 gallons per minute per square foot (gpm/sq. ft.) for simple media filters and 6.0 gpm/sq. ft. for deep bed, dual or mixed media filters under gravity flow conditions. For pressure filters, filtration rates shall not exceed 2.0 gpm/sq. ft. for simple media filters and 3.0 gpm/sq. ft. for dual, mixed media, or deep bed filters.
(2) Slow sand filters shall be operated at filtration rates not to exceed 0.10 gallon per minute per square foot. The filter bed shall not be dewatered except for cleaning and maintenance purposes.
(3) Diatomaceous earth filters shall be operated at filtration rates not to exceed 1.0 gallon per minute per square foot.
(4) In order to obtain approval for filtration rates higher than, but not more than twice, those specified in section 64660(b)(1), (b)(2), and (b)(3), a water supplier shall demonstrate to the Department that the filters can comply with the performance requirements of section 64653.
(5) In order to obtain approval for filtration rates greater than twice those specified in paragraphs (b)(1), (b)(2), and (b)(3), a water supplier shall demonstrate to the Department that the filters do the following:
(A) Provide a minimum of 99 percent Giardia cyst removal and 90 percent virus removal; and
(B) Meet the turbidity performance standards established in section 64653(c).
(6) Filtration rates shall be increased gradually when placing filters back into service following backwashing or any other interruption in the operation of the filter.
(7) When any individual filter in a conventional or direct filtration plant is placed back into service following backwashing or other interruption event, the filtered water turbidity of the effluent from that filter shall not exceed any of the following:
(A) 2.0 NTU at any time during the first four hours of filter operation following all interruption events.
(B) 1.0 NTU at any time during the first four hours of filter operation following at least 90 percent of the interruption events during any consecutive 12 month period.
(C) 0.5 NTU at the time that the filter has been in operation for 4 hours.
(8) Pressure filters shall be physically inspected and evaluated annually for such factors as media condition, mudball formation, and short circuiting. A written record of the inspection shall be maintained at the treatment plant.
(9) Coagulation and flocculation unit processes shall be in use at all times during which conventional and direct filtration treatment plants are in operation. The effectiveness of these processes shall be demonstrated by either at least an 80 percent reduction through the filters of the monthly average raw water turbidity or jar testing, pilot testing or other means to demonstrate that optimum coagulation is being achieved.
(10) The filtered water turbidity level from each filter unit shall be monitored with a continuous turbidity meter and recorder, or with a grab sampling program designed to identify compliance with the requiremeents of paragraph (b)(7) and approved by the Department. If this monitoring indicates that any filter unit in a conventional or direct filtration plant is not performing as required in paragraph (b)(7), the filter shall be taken out of service and inspected to determine the cause of its inadequate performance. The filter unit shall not be returned to service until deficiencies have been corrected and operations tests demonstrate that the filter unit is meeting the requirements of paragraph (b)(7).
(c) Disinfection facilities shall be operated in accordance with the following requirements:
(1) A supply of chemicals necessary to provide continuous operation of disinfection facilities shall be maintained as a reserve or demonstrated to be available.
(2) An emergency plan shall be developed prior to initiating operation of the disinfection facilities. The plan shall be implemented in the event of disinfection failure to prevent delivery to the distribution system of any undisinfected or inadequately disinfected water. The plan shall be posted in the treatment plant or other place readily accessible to the plant operator.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116270, 116275, 116365, 116375, 116385, 116390, 116400, 116460, 116525, 116530, 116535, 116540, 116550, 116555, 116625, 116735 and 106885, Health and Safety Code.
s 64661. Operations Plan.
(a) With a permit application for a new treatment plant, suppliers shall submit for Department review and approval an operations plan for each treatment plant that treats an approved surface water. The Department shall review the operations plan to determine if it includes those items required in subsection (b). The operations plan shall be designed to produce the optimal water quality from the treatment process. The supplier shall operate its treatment plant in accordance with the approved plan.
(b) The operations plan shall consist of a description of the utility's treatment plant performance monitoring program, unit process equipment maintenance program, operating personnel, including numbers of staff, certification levels and responsibilities; how and when each unit process is operated; laboratory procedures; procedures used to determine chemical dose rates; records; response to plant and watershed emergencies; and reliability features.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116270, 116275, 116365, 116375, 116385, 116390, 116400, 116450, 116460, 116525, 116530, 116535, 116540, 116550, 116555, 116625 and 116735, Health and Safety Code.
s 64662. Records.
(a) The supplier shall maintain accurate and complete operation records for each treatment plant that treats an approved surface water. The records shall include but not be limited to the following:
(1) The results of all monitoring conducted in accordance with sections 64655, 64656, and 64660.
(2) Dates on which filter maintenance and inspections were performed and the results of any inspections including pressure filter evaluations required by section 64660(b)(7).
(3) Quantity of water produced, plant flow rates, filtration rates, hours of operation, and backwash rates.
(4) Dates and description of major equipment and process failures and corrective actions taken.
(b) Treatment plant records shall be retained for not less than two years, except where the Department has determined that longer retention times are necessary to complete legal actions taken under the provisions of Health and Safety Code sections 4031 through 4038.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 208 and 4023.3, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 4010, 4010.1, 4011, 4012, 4013, 4014, 4016, 4017, 4023.1, 4023.3, 4024, 4025, 4026.4, 4028, 4031 and 4039, Health and Safety Code.
s 64663. Department Notification.
The supplier shall notify the Department as soon as possible, but no later than by the end of the next business day, or within 24 hours, whichever is less, by telephone or other equally rapid means whenever:
(a) The turbidity of the combined filter effluent as monitored pursuant to section 64655 exceeds 5.0 NTU at any time.
(b) More than two consecutive turbidity samples of the combined filter effluent taken every four hours pursuant to section 64655 exceed 1.0 NTU.
(c) There is a failure to maintain a minimum disinfectant residual of 0.2 mg/l in the water being delivered to the distribution system. The supplier shall report whether or not the disinfectant residual was restored to at least 0.2 mg/l within four hours.
(d) An event occurs which may affect the ability of the treatment plant to produce a safe, potable water including but not limited to spills of hazardous materials in the watershed and unit treatment process failures.
(e) The turbidity immediately prior to the first or only point of disinfectant application exceeds 5 NTU for suppliers avoiding filtration.
(f) The supplier discovers the occurrence of an acute infectious illness that may be potentially attributable to the water system.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116375 and 116450, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116270, 116275, 116365, 116375, 116385, 116390, 116400, 116450, 116460, 116525, 116530, 116535, 116540, 116550, 116555, 116625, 116735 and 116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64664. Monthly Report.
(a) Each supplier with an approved surface water treatment facility shall submit a monthly report on the operation of each facility to the Department by the tenth day of the following month. The report shall be signed by the chief water treatment plant operator, plant superintendent or other person directly responsible for the operation of the water treatment plant.
(b) The report shall include the following results of turbidity monitoring of the combined filter effluent:
(1) All turbidity measurements taken during the month to determine compliance with section 64653.
(2) The number and percent of turbidity measurements taken during the month which are less than or equal to the performance standard specified for each filtration technology in section 64653, or as required for an alternative treatment process. The report shall also include the date and value of any turbidity measurements that exceed performance levels specified in section 64653.
(3) The average daily turbidity level.
(4) If the turbidity level of the filter effluent from a slow sand filter is greater than 1.0 NTU in five percent or more of the measurements taken that month, the supplier must also report the dates and results of total coliform sampling of the filter effluent prior to disinfection to demonstrate compliance with section 64653(d)(1).
(c) The report shall include the following disinfection monitoring results taken to comply with section 64654:
(1) The date and duration of each instance when the disinfectant residual in water supplied to the distribution system is less than 0.2 mg/l and when the Department was notified of the occurrence.
(2) The following information on samples taken from the distribution system to comply with section 64654(b)(2):
(A) The number of samples where the disinfectant residual is measured.
(B) The number of samples where only the heterotrophic plate count (HPC) is measured.
(C) The number of measurements with no detectable disinfectant residual and no HPC is measured.
(D) The number of measurements with no detectable disinfectant residual and HPC is greater than 500 colony forming units per milliliter.
(E) The number of measurements where only HPC is measured and is greater than 500 colony forming units per milliliter.
(F) For the current and previous month the supplier serves water to the public, the value of V in the following formula:
Where V = the percent of distribution system samples with a detectable residual.
A = the value in paragraph (2)(A) of this subsection.
B = the value in paragraph (2)(B) of this subsection.
C = the value in paragraph (2)(C) of this subsection.
D = the value in paragraph (2)(D) of this subsection.
E = the value in paragraph (2)(E) of this subsection.
(3) For each day the lowest measurement of residual disinfectant concentration in mg/l in the water entering the distribution system.
(d) The report shall include a written explanation of the cause of any violation of performance standards specified in sections 64653 and 64654 and operating criteria specified in sections 64660(b)(6) and (8).
(e) The report shall include a summary of water quality complaints and reports of gastrointestinal illness received from consumers.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 208, 4023.3, and 4028, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 4010, 4010.1, 4011, 4012, 4013, 4014, 4016, 4017, 4023.1, 4023.3, 4024, 4025, 4026.4, 4031, and 4039, Health and Safety Code.
s 64665. Watershed Requirements.
(a) All suppliers shall have a sanitary survey of their watershed(s) completed at least every five years. The first survey shall be completed by January 1, 1996.
(b) A report of the survey shall be submitted to the Department not later than 60 days following completion of the survey.
(c) The survey and report shall include physical and hydrogeological description of the watershed, a summary of source water quality monitoring data, a description of activities and sources of contamination, a description of any significant changes that have occurred since the last survey which could affect the quality of the source water, a description of watershed control and management practices, an evaluation of the system's ability to meet requirements of this chapter, and recommendations for corrective actions.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 208 and 4023.3, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 4010, 4010.1, 4011, 4012, 4013, 4014, 4016, 4017, 4023.1, 4023.3, 4024, 4025, 4026.4, 4031, and 4039, Health and Safety Code.
s 64666. Consumer Notification.
(a) For water systems that filter approved surface water, the supplier shall notify persons served by the system whenever there is a failure to comply with the treatment requirements specified in sections 64652, 64653, and 64654(a) or performance standards specified in section 64653(c)(1), (d), (h), and section 64654(b).
(b) For water systems that do not filter approved surface water, the supplier shall notify persons served by the system whenever:
(1) There is a failure to comply with sections 64652.5(b) through (k), sections 64652 and 64654(a), or section 64654(b);
(2) The turbidity level in a representative sample of the approved surface water immediately prior to the first or only point of disinfectant application exceeds 5 NTU; or
(3) The unfiltered approved surface water has been identified as a source of waterborne microbial disease outbreak.
(c) The notification required by either subsections (a) or (b) shall be given in accordance with sections 64463.1(a)(4) or 64463.4(a)(1), as required.
(d) For water systems that filter approved surface water, the supplier shall notify persons served by the system whenever there is a failure to comply with the monitoring requirements specified in sections 64655 or 64656. The notification shall be given in accordance with section 64463.7.
(e) For water systems that do not filter approved surface water, the supplier shall notify persons served by the system whenever there is a failure to comply with the monitoring requirements specified in sections 64652.5(b), (d), or (e), or 64656. The notification shall be given in accordance with section 64463.7.
(f) If a supplier is unable to remove a source from service pursuant to section 64652.5(l), the supplier shall notify the Department immediately, and notify persons served by the system pursuant to section 64463.1.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116375 and 116450, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116270, 116275, 116365, 116375, 116385, 116390, 116400, 116450, 116460, 116525, 116530, 116535, 116540, 116550, 116555, 116625 and 116735, Health and Safety Code.
s 64670. General Requirements.
(a) Unless otherwise indicated, the requirements in this chapter apply to community water systems and nontransient-noncommunity water systems (hereinafter referred to as "water systems" or "systems").
(b) An action level exceedance shall not constitute a violation of this chapter.
(c) Analyses for lead, copper, pH, conductivity, calcium, alkalinity, orthophosphate, silica, and temperature shall be conducted using the methods prescribed at 40 Code of Federal Regulations, Section 141.89 [Federal Register (FR) 56 (110), 26460-26564, June 7, 1991; amended July 15, 1991 (56 FR 32113), June 29, 1992 (57 FR 28786), June 30, 1994 (59 FR 33860), and January 12, 2000 (65 FR 1250)]. Field tests shall be performed by water treatment or distribution operators certified by the Department pursuant to Section 106875 of the Health and Safety Code or by personnel trained to perform these tests by the Department, a certified laboratory, or certified operator.
(d) A new water system shall initiate compliance with this chapter within six months of distributing water to consumers. An existing system that changes size pursuant to the definitions in sections 64671.30, 64671.40 and 64671.70, shall initiate compliance with the requirements of this chapter applicable to the new size within six months.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116325-116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64671.05. Action Level.
"Action level", for the purpose of this chapter only, means the concentration of lead or copper in water that is used to determine the requirements of this chapter that a system shall meet.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116325-116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64671.08. Action Level Exceedance.
"Action level exceedance", for the purpose of this chapter only, means that the level of lead or copper is greater than the respective action level, as determined pursuant to section 64678(d) through (g).
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116325-116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64671.09. Corrosion Control Treatment or CCT.
"Corrosion control treatment" or "CCT" means the corrosion control treatment that minimizes the lead and copper concentrations at users' taps without causing the water system to violate any primary drinking water standards.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116325-116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64671.10. Corrosion Inhibitor.
"Corrosion inhibitor" means a substance capable of reducing the corrosivity of water toward metal plumbing materials, especially lead and copper, by forming a protective film on the interior surface of those materials.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116325-116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64671.15. Detection Limit for Purposes of Reporting or DLR.
"Detection limit for purposes of reporting" or "DLR" means the designated minimum level at or above which any analytical finding of a contaminant in drinking water resulting from monitoring required under this chapter shall be reported to the Department.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116325-116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64671.20. Effective Corrosion Inhibitor Residual.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116300-116750, Health and Safety Code; and 40 Code of Federal Regulations 141.2.
s 64671.25. First Draw Sample.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116300-116750, Health and Safety Code; and 40 Code of Federal Regulations 141.2.
s 64671.30. Large Water System.
"Large water system", for the purpose of this chapter only, means a water system that serves more than 50,000 persons.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116325-116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64671.35. Lead Service Line.
"Lead service line" means a service line made of lead that connects the water main to the building inlet and any lead pigtail, gooseneck or other fitting which is connected to such lead line.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116325-116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64671.40. Medium-Size Water System.
"Medium-size water system", for the purpose of this chapter only, means a water system that serves greater than 3,300 and less than or equal to 50,000 persons.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116325-116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64671.50. Optimal Corrosion Control Treatment.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116300 through 116750, Health and Safety Code; and 40 Code of Federal Regulations 141.2.
s 64671.55. Period.
"Period", for the purpose of this chapter only, means a six-month monitoring timeframe.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116325-116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64671.60. Service Line Sample.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116300 through 116750, Health and Safety Code; and 40 Code of Federal Regulations 141.2.
s 64671.65. Single-Family Structure.
"Single-family structure" means a building constructed as a single-family residence that is currently used as either a residence or a place of business.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116325-116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64671.70. Small Water System.
"Small water system", for the purpose of this chapter only, means a water system that serves 3,300 persons or fewer.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116325-116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64671.75. Tap Sampling.
"Tap sampling" means sampling conducted pursuant to sections 64675 (General Requirements for Tap Sampling for Lead and Copper), 64675.5 (Tap Sampling Frequency), and 64677 (Sampling Collection Methods for Taps) at sites selected pursuant to section 64676 (Sampling Site Selection).
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116325-116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64671.80. Water Quality Parameter or WQP.
"Water quality parameter" or "WQP", for the purposes of this chapter, means a characteristic or constitutent of water, or a water treatment chemical added to water to control corrosion.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116325-116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64671.85. WQP Monitoring.
"WQP monitoring" means sampling conducted pursuant to sections 64680 (General WQP Monitoring Requirements), 64681 (Initial WQP Monitoring), and 64682 (WQP Monitoring Requirements after CCT Installation).
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116325-116750, Health and Safety Code.
s 64672. Analytical Methods and Detection Limits.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116300 through 116750, Health and Safety Code; and 40 Code of Federal Regulations 141.89.
s 64672.3. Determination of Compliance with Lead and Copper Action Levels.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116300 through 116750, Health and Safety Code; and 40 Code of Federal Regulations 141.80(c).
s 64672.6. Use of Information Developed Prior to December 1, 1995.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 100275, 116350, 116365 and 116375, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 116300 through 116750, Health and Safety Code; and 40 Code of Federal Regulations 141.81(d) and (e).
s 64673. Small and Medium-Size Water System Requirements.
(a) The requirements in this section are applicable to all small and medium-size water systems.
(b) Each small and medium-size system shall conduct standard tap sampling for lead and copper pursuant to section 64675 (General Requirements for Tap Sampling for Lead and Copper). Tap sampling frequency may be reduced pursuant to section 64675.5 (Tap Sampling Frequency).
(c) A small or medium-size system with an action level exceedance shall take the following steps:
(1) Monitor WQPs beginning with the first period after the exceedance, pursuant to section 64681 (Initial WQP Monitoring).
(2) Proceed with subparagraphs (A) through (E) if a corrosion control study is required by the Department based on a review of the system's water quality, distribution system, water treatment, and system features. If such a study is required, the Department will notify the system in writing within 12 months of the action level exceedance.
(A) Complete the study, pursuant to section 64683 (Corrosion Control Study Procedure), within eighteen months of being notified of the requirement; the system will be notified of the Department's designation within six months of the study's completion;
(B) Begin installation of the CCT designated by the Department, pursuant to section 64684 (CCT Installation and Operation), within twelve months of being notified of the Department's designation;
(C) Complete CCT installation and begin operation within 24 months of the designation;
(D) Complete two periods of standard tap sampling pursuant to section 64675 (General Requirements for Tap Sampling for Lead and Copper) and two periods of WQP monitoring pursuant to section 64682 (WQP Monitoring After CCT Installation) within 36 months of the designation; and
(E) Monitor WQPs and operate in compliance with the WQP levels specified by the Department pursuant to section 64684 (CCT Installation and Operation), beginning no later than within 42 months of the designation.
(3) If the Department does not require a corrosion control study, the system shall submit to the Department, within six months of the action level exceedance, a written recommendation for CCT. The Department may require the system to conduct additional WQP monitoring to assist in the review of the CCT recommendation. The Department will designate CCT and notify the system in writing within the following timeframes; the system shall then comply with paragraphs (2)(B) through (E):
(A) For medium-size systems, within 12 months of the exceedance, and
(B) For small-size systems, within 18 months of the exceedance;
(4) Monitor source waters, pursuant to article 6 (Source Water Requirements for Action Level Exceedances) of this chapter;
(d) A small or medium-size system with an action level exceedance for lead shall:
(1) Complete a lead public education program, pursuant to article 7 (Public Education Program for Lead Action Level Exceedances) of this chapter; and
(2) Replace lead service lines, pursuant to article 8 (Lead Service Line Requirements for Action Level Exceedances) of this chapter. (continued)