CCLME.ORG - DIVISION 1. DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS CHAPTERS 1 through 6

(continued)
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 516-2.)
(c) Fixed and Hand-held Electrostatic Spraying Equipment and Powder Coating.
The installation and/or use of fixed and hand-held electrostatic spraying equipment and powder coating shall comply with the applicable provisions of Title 24, Part 3.
Note: The National Electrical Code, 1984 Edition, contains guidelines that are appropriate for determining the type and design of equipment and installations with respect to fixed and hand-held electrostatic spraying and powder coating. The guidelines f this referenced document address electric wiring, equipment and systems installed in hazardous (classified) locations and contains specific provisions for the following: Location of power and control equipment, ventilation, protection from electric shock, protection of high voltage conductors and leads, proper separation of spray heads from materials being sprayed, proper support of materials, proper grounding, guarding and isolation, warning signs and labels, and automatic controls to assure adequate ventilation, minimize shock hazard and preclude arcing in the hazardous location.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2540.10. Wastewater Wells.
(a) Definition.
(1) Sewage Wastewater Well (wet or dry types): A physical structure, usually underground, the prime function of which is to lift wastewater.
(2) Sewage Drywell: A sewage well which does not incorporate a reservoir in addition to the pump(s).

(3) Sewage Wetwell: A sewage well which incorporates a reservoir in addition to the pump(s).
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-512-9.)
(b) Hazardous Locations. Sewage wells, and the surrounding enclosure shall be classified in accordance with Section 2540.1 and the following:
(1) Sewage Dry Well. The interior of sewage dry wells shall be classified as a Class I, Division 2 location.
Exception: A sewage dry well shall be permitted to be unclassified provided the following conditions are met:
(A) The well and the surrounding enclosure is treated in accordance with the provisions of the General Industry Safety Orders, Article 108, as a potential confined space; and
(B) The well and surrounding area are provided with a suitable, continuously operating ventilation system to maintain the flammability of the interior atmosphere below 20% of the lower explosive limit (LEL). The air for the ventilation systems shall be supplied from a non-hazardous source. Means shall be provided to automatically de-energize all electrical sources of ignition in the well in the event of ventilation system failure, which would result in the interior atmosphere of the well reading 20% of the lower explosive limit (LEL).
(2) Sewage Wet Well. The interior of sewage wet wells shall be classified as a Class I, Division 1, location.
Exception: No. 1: A sewage wet well shall be permitted to be classified as Class I, Division 2, location provided the following conditions are met:
(A) The well and surrounding area are treated in accordance with the provisions of the General Industry Safety Orders, Article 108, as a potential confined space; and
(B) The well and surrounding area are provided with a suitable, continuously operating ventilation system to maintain the flammability of the interior atmosphere below 20% of the lower explosive limit (LEL). The air for the ventilation system shall be supplied from a non-hazardous source. Means shall be provided to automatically de-energize all electrical sources of ignition in the well in the event of ventilation system failure, which would result in the interior atmosphere of the well reaching 20% of the lower explosive limit (LEL).
Exception: No. 2: A sewage wet well shall be permitted to be classified as a Class I, Division 2, location provided the following conditions are met:
(A) The well and surrounding area are treated in accordance with the provisions of the General Industry Safety Orders, Article 108, as a confined space, and
(B) The pump motor(s) is completely submerged in the water whenever the motor is running, and
(C) The motor controller(s) is identified for use in a Class I location or is located outside the classified location, and
(D) The sensors-transducers are identified as intrinsically safe or for use in a Class I location.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-521-10.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2548.21. General.
(a) Other Orders. The requirements of this Section shall be deemed to be additional to, or amendatory of, those prescribed in Articles 1 through 59.
(b) Scope. This section shall be applicable to oil or gas wells located over water, on man-made islands offshore, or at land-based locations. Areas adjacent to oil or gas wells shall be classified as Class I Locations as outlined below, and installations shall comply with the requirements for such locations.
(c) Definitions. Adequate Ventilation. (As applied to enclosed areas) a mechanical ventilation system supplied from a nonhazardous source that provides for a minimum of 12 air changes per hour.
Enclosed Area. Roofed areas having at least three (3) walls, or open sumps or pits into which highly volatile liquids are run, or areas surrounded by buildings or walls in which flammable vapors may accumulate.
Locomotive Cable. Cable having the physical property of being oil resistant and constructed as to be suitable for application on power and control circuits in diesel or electric locomotives and suitable for oil rigging applications.
Positive Pressure Ventilation. A mechanical ventilation system capable of providing a minimum outward air velocity of 60 feet per minute through all openings.
Hazardous Location. See Section 5416 of the General Industry Safety Orders, Title 8, CAC.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2548.22. Drilling Wells.
(a) The following areas shall be classified as Class I, Division I Locations:
(1) Below grade well cellars, sumps or ditches ( see Figures 2 and 6).
(2) Enclosed and inadequately ventilated areas below the derrick floor ( see Figure 1).

(3) Enclosed areas containing mud tanks or shale shakers ( see Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6).
Exception: Adequately enclosed areas shall be permitted to be classified as Class I, Division 2 Locations.
(b) The following areas shall be classified as Class I, Division 2 Locations:
(1) Within 10 feet horizontally and 18 inches vertically from the edge of well cellars or other below grade, Class I, Division I Locations.
(2) Within 10 feet radially of the center of the bell nipple in open derricks.
(3) The entire area above the derrick floor in enclosed derricks. (4) Areas adjacent to mud tanks as required in Figures 3 and 4; pits as required in Figure 2; shale shakers as required in Figure 5; or openings as required in Figure 2; in enclosures classified Class I, Division I Location in subsection (a) above.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 118943(c Health and Safety Code.

s 2548.23. Producing Wells.
(a) The following areas shall be classified as Class I, Division I Locations:
(1) Below grade well cellars ( see Figures 7 and 9).
(2) Enclosed areas; such as, wellhead, compressor or pump rooms where volatile flammable liquids or gases may be present in concentrations sufficient to render the area a hazardous location ( see Figures 8, 9 and 10).

Exception: Adequately ventilated enclosed areas shall be permitted to be classified as Class I, Division 2 Locations ( see Figure 7).
(b) The following areas shall be classified as Class I, Division 2 Locations:
(1) Within 10 feet horizontally and 18 inches vertically from the well casing and 3 feet radially from the stuffing box of all producing wells equipped with beam pumping units ( see Figures 8 and 9).
(2) Within 10 feet horizontally and 18 inches vertically above grade from the edge of well cellars or other below grade Class I, Division I Locations.
(3) Within 10 feet horizontally and vertically from openings in enclosed areas classified as Class I, Division I Locations in Subsection (a) above ( see Figures 3, 4, 5 and 10).
(c) Areas within a 10-foot radius of oil field auxiliary equipment, such as gas vents, oil-gas separator vessels, tanks, pumps, compressors and similar equipment, shall be classified in accordance with Figures 11 through 19.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2548.24. Overload Protection.
No overload protection will be required for drilling rigs using railroad locomotive power systems for the draw works, rotary table and mud pumps.
Note: In this electrical system, generators, generator power leads, and DC motors are automatically protected against overload by inherent characteristics of compound and differential field windings in the DC motor and generator, respectively.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2548.25. Wiring Methods.
(a) Where drilling platforms are not enclosed around the drilling operation, all wiring and equipment within 25 feet of the casing of the well being drilled shall be of the type required for Class I, Division 2, or be installed in enclosed areas supplied with adequate ventilation. The electrical power supply to wiring and equipment within positive pressure ventilated areas shall be arranged to prevent energizing the electrical wiring and apparatus until air pressure has been established, for not less than 2 minutes, and arranged to automatically actuate an audible and visual alarm with a 5-minute shut-down time delay to allow safe operational shutdown prior to de-energizing the wiring and apparatus when the ventilation fails.
Enclosed areas supplied with positive pressure ventilation from a nonhazardous area shall be permitted to be classified as nonhazardous areas, provided no flammable vapor source exists within the enclosed areas.
(b) Special locomotive cables and other equivalent portable cables may be run in cable trays under the following conditions in all locations:
(1) Open cable trays may be run horizontally under floors or ceilings.
(2) In all locations, solid covers shall be installed on horizontal runs where persons or materials may accidentally contact the conductors.
(3) Vertical runs of trays shall be totally enclosed.
(4) Where the rig moves over a series of wellholes and a transverse section of cable tray drops trailing cables in a long fixed runway tray, cleats or other means shall be used to secure the cable against shifting in the moving section of the tray.
(5) For single hole setups onshore, cables may be buried in the earth or run in covered, wooden troughs between outdoor units of equipment. A substantial nominal 2-inch thick wooden cover, or equivalent, shall be installed over the trough.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2548.26. Lighting.
Lighting systems for oil or gas well drilling rigs, production hoists, derricks or masts shall be permitted to be wired using an approved prefabricated assembly of flexible cables with vulcanized, molded or other approved terminating receptacle devices so designed that electric arcs will be confined within the receptacle enclosure which shall be of the concealed contact-type. The lighting fixture shall be of the type permitted for Class I, Division 1 Locations, or of the enclosed gasketed-type. Such assemblies shall be securely fastened to the drilling rig or hoist structure and so located that they will be protected from physical damage.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

Note: Authority and reference cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

Note: Authority and reference cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

Note: Authority and reference cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

Note: Authority and reference cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

Note: Authority and reference cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

Note: Authority and reference cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

Note: Authority and reference cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

Note: Authority and reference cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

Note: Authority and reference cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2551.1. Scope.
This Article covers all buildings or that part of a building or structure designed or intended for use by 100 or more persons for assembly purposes, such as dining, meetings, entertainment, lectures, bowling, worship, dancing or exhibition, and includes museums, gymnasiums, armories, group rooms, mortuaries, skating rinks, pool rooms, places of awaiting transportation, places for deliberation (court rooms), places for sporting events, and similar purposes.
When any such building structures or portion thereof contain a projection booth or stage platform or area for the presentation of theatrical or musical production, either fixed or portable, the wiring for that area shall comply with all applicable provisions of Article 70. (For methods of determining population capacity, see local building code or in its absence Life Safety Code (NFPA No. 101-1981).
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 518-1.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2551.2. Other Articles.
(a) Hazardous areas located in any assemblage occupancy shall be installed in accordance with Article 59.
(b) In exhibition halls used for display booths, as in trade shows, the temporary wiring shall be installed in accordance with Article 13, except that approved portable cables and cords shall be permitted to be laid on floors where protected from contact by the general public.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 518-2.)
(c) Control of emergency systems shall comply with Article 80, Emergency Systems.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2551.3. Wiring Methods.
The fixed wiring methods shall be metal raceways, nonmetallic raceways encased in not less than 2 inches of concrete. Type ALS cable, Type CS cable, mineral-insulated metal-sheathed cable, or Type MC cable.
Exception: No. 1: Nonmetallic-sheathed cable, Type AC metal-clad cable, and rigid nonmetallic conduit shall be permitted to be installed in those buildings or portions thereof that are not required to be fire rated construction by the applicable building code.
Exception: No. 2: As provided in Article 76, Sound Recording and Similar Equipment, and for communication circuits, remote control and signaling circuits, and for fire protective signaling circuits.
(Fire rated construction is the fire-resistive classification used in building codes.)
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 518-3.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.1. Scope.
This Article covers all buildings or that part of a building or structure designed or intended to be used for dramatic, musical, motion picture projection, or similar purposes and to areas of motion picture and television studios which incorporate assembly areas.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-1.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.2. Motion Picture Projectors.
Motion picture equipment and its installation and use shall comply with Article 72.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-2.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.3. Sound Reproduction.
Sound reproducing equipment and its installation shall comply with Article 76.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-3.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.21. Dead Front.
Stage switchboards shall be of the dead-front type.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-21.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.22. Guarding Back of Switchboard.
Stage switchboards having exposed live parts on the back of such boards shall be enclosed by the building walls, wire mesh grills, or by other methods approved for the purpose. The entrance to this enclosure shall be by means of a self-closing door.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-22.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.47. Lamps in Scene Docks.
Lamps installed in scene docks shall be so located and guarded as to be free from physical damage and shall provide an air space of not less than 2 inches between such lamps and any combustible material.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-47.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.51. Supply.
Portable switchboards shall be supplied only from outlets of sufficient voltage and ampere rating. Such outlets shall include only externally operable, enclosed fused switches or circuit breakers mounted on stage or at the permanent switchboard in locations readily accessible from the stage floor. Provisions for connection of an equipment grounding conductor shall be provided.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-51.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.52. Overcurrent Protection.
Circuits from portable switchboards directly supplying equipment containing incandescent lamps of not over 300 watts shall be protected by overcurrent devices having a rating or setting of not over 20 amperes. Circuits for lampholders over 300 watts shall be permitted where overcurrent protection complies with Article 10. Other circuits shall be provided with overcurrent devices with a rating or setting not higher than the current required for the connected load.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-52.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.53. Construction.
Portable switchboards for use on stages shall comply with (a) through (j) below:
(a) Enclosure. Portable switchboards shall be placed within an enclosure of substantial construction, which shall be permitted to be so arranged that the enclosure is open during operation. Enclosures of wood shall be completely lined with sheet metal of not less than No. 24 MSG and shall be well galvanized, enameled, or otherwise properly coated to prevent corrosion or be of a corrosion-resistant material.
(b) Live Parts. There shall be no exposed live parts within the enclosure.
Exception: For dimmer faceplates as provided in (e) below.
(c) Switches and Circuit Breakers. All switches and circuit breakers shall be of the externally operable, enclosed-type.
(d) Circuit Protection. Overcurrent devices shall be provided in each ungrounded conductor of every circuit supplied through the switchboard. Enclosures shall be provided for all overcurrent devices in addition to the switchboard enclosure.
(e) Dimmers. The terminals of dimmers shall be provided with enclosures, and dimmer faceplates shall be so arranged that accidental contact cannot be readily made with the faceplate contacts.
(f) Interior Conductors. All conductors within the switchboard enclosure shall be stranded and approved for an operating temperature of 200 degrees C (392 degrees F).
Each conductor shall have an ampacity at least equal to the rating of the circuit breaker, switch, or fuse which it supplies.
Exception: Conductors for incandescent lamp circuits having overcurrent protection of not over 20 amperes.
Conductors shall be enclosed in metal wireways or be securely fastened in position and shall be bushed where they pass through metal.
(g) Pilot Light. A pilot light shall be provided within the enclosure and shall be so connected to the circuit supplying the board that the opening of the master switch will not cut off the supply to the lamp. This lamp shall be on an independent circuit having overcurrent protection rated or set at not over 15 amperes.
(h) Supply Connections. The supply to a portable switchboard shall be by means of Type S, SO, ST, or STO flexible cord terminating within the switchboard enclosure or in an externally operable fused master switch or circuit breaker. The supply cable shall have sufficient ampacity to carry the total load connected to the switchboard and shall be protected by overcurrent devices.
Exception: No. 1: Supply Conductors Not Over 10 Feet Long. In cases where supply conductors do not exceed 10 feet in length between supply and switchboard or supply and a subsequent overcurrent device, the ampacity of the supply conductors shall be at least one-quarter of the ampacity of the supply overcurrent protection device where all of the following conditions are met: a. The supply conductors shall terminate in a single overcurrent protection device that will limit the load to the ampacity of the supply conductors. This single overcurrent device shall be permitted to supply additional overcurrent devices on its load side. b. The supply conductors shall not penetrate walls, floors, or ceilings, or be run through doors or traffic areas. The supply conductors shall be adequately protected from physical damage. c. The supply conductors shall be suitably terminated in an approved manner. d. Conductors shall be continuous without splices or connectors. e. Conductors shall not be bundled. f. Conductors shall be supported above the floor in an approved manner.
Exception: No. 2: Supply Conductors Not Over 20 Feet Long. In cases where supply conductors do not exceed 20 feet in length between supply and switchboard or supply and a subsequent overcurrent protection device, the ampacity of the supply conductors shall be at least one-half the rating of the supply overcurrent protection device where all of the following conditions are met: a. The supply conductors shall terminate in a single overcurrent protection device that will limit the load to the ampacity of the supply conductors. This single overcurrent device shall be permitted to supply additional overcurrent devices on its load side. b. The supply conductors shall not penetrate walls, floors, or ceilings, or be run through doors or traffic areas. The supply conductors shall be adequately protected from physical damage. c. The supply conductors shall be suitably terminated in an approved manner. d. The supply conductors shall be supported in an approved manner at least 7 feet above the floor except at terminations. e. The supply conductors shall not be bundled. f. Tap conductors shall be in unbroken lengths.
(i) Cable Arrangement. Cables shall be protected by bushings where they pass through enclosures and shall be so arranged that tension on the cable will not be transmitted to the connections.
(j) Terminals. Terminals to which stage cables are connected shall be so located as to permit convenient access to the terminals.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-53.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.61. Arc Lamps.
Arc lamps shall be approved.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-61.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.62. Portable Plugging Boxes.
Portable plugging boxes shall comply with (a) through (d) below.
(a) Enclosure. The construction shall be such that no current-carrying part will be exposed.
(b) Receptacles and Overcurrent Protection. Each receptacle shall have a rating of not less than 30 amperes, and shall have overcurrent protection installed in an enclosure equipped with self-closing doors.
(c) Busbars and Terminals. Busbars shall have an ampacity equal to the sum of the ampere ratings of all the receptacles. Lugs shall be provided for the connection of the master cable.
(d) Flanged Surface Inlets. Flanged surface inlets (recessed plugs) that are used to accept the power shall be rated in amperes.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-62.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.63. Bracket Fixture Wiring.
(a) Bracket Wiring. Brackets for use on scenery shall be wired internally, and the fixture stem shall be carried through to the back of the scenery where a bushing shall be placed on the end of the stem.
Exception: Externally wired brackets or other fixtures shall be permitted where wired with cords designed for hard usage that extend through scenery and without joint or splice in canopy of fixture back and terminate in an approved type stage connector located, where practicable, within 18 inches of the fixture.
(b) Mounting. Fixtures shall be securely fastened in place.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-63.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.64. Portable Strips.
The supply cable shall be protected by bushings where it passes through metal and shall be so arranged that tension on the cable will not be transmitted to the connections.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-64.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.65. Festoons.
Joints in festoon wiring shall be staggered where practicable. Lamps enclosed in lanterns or similar devices of combustible material shall be equipped with guards.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-65.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.66. Special Effects.
Electrical devices used for simulating lightning, waterfalls, and the like shall be so constructed and located that flames, sparks, or hot particles cannot come in contact with combustible material.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-66.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.67. Cable Connectors.
Cable connectors, male and female, for flexible conductors shall be so constructed that tension on the cord or cable will not be transmitted to the connections. The female half of the connector shall be attached to the load end of the power cord or cable. The connector shall be rated in amperes and designed so that differently rated devices cannot be connected together. (See Section 2500.10 for pull at terminals.)
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-67.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.68. Conductors for Portables.
Flexible conductors used to supply portable stage equipment shall be Type S, SO, ST, or STO.
Exception: Reinforced cord shall be permitted to supply stand lamps where the cord is not subject to severe physical damage and is protected by an overcurrent device rated at not over 20 amperes.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-68.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.71. Pendant Lampholders.
Pendant lampholders shall not be installed in dressing rooms.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-71.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2552.72. Lamp Guards.
All incandescent lamps in dressing rooms, where less than 8 feet from the floor, shall be equipped with open-end guards riveted to the outlet box cover or otherwise sealed or locked in place.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 520-72.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2553.1. Scope.
The requirements of this Article shall apply to television studios and motion picture studios using either film or electronic cameras (except as covered in Section 2552.1), and exchanges, factories, laboratories, stages, or a portion of the building in which motion-picture films more than 7/8-inch in width are manufactured, exposed, developed, printed, cut, edited, rewound, repaired, or stored.
Note: For methods of protecting against cellulose nitrate film hazards, see Standard for the Storage and Handling of Cellulose Nitrate Motion Picture Film (NFPA No. 40-1982).
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 530-1.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2553.12. Portable Wiring.
The wiring for stage set lighting, stage effects, electric equipment used as stage properties, and other wiring not fixed as to location shall be done with approved flexible cords and cables. Splices or taps shall be permitted in flexible cords used to supply stage properties when such are made with approved devices and the circuit is protected at not more than 20 amperes. Such cables and cords shall not be fastened by staples or nailing.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2553.13. Stage Lighting and Effects Control.
Switches used for studio stage set lighting and effects (on the stages and lots and on location) shall be of the externally operable type. Where contactors are used as the disconnecting means for fuses, an individual externally operable switch, such as a tumbler switch, for the control of each contactor shall be located at a distance of not more than 6 feet from the contactor, in addition to remote-control switches.
Exception: A single externally operable switch shall be permitted to simultaneously disconnect all the contactors on any one location board, where located at a distance of not more than 6 feet from the location board.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 530-13.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2553.14. Plugging Boxes.
Each receptacle of plugging boxes shall be rated at not less than 30 amperes.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 530-14.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2553.15. Enclosing and Guarding Live Parts.
(a) Live parts shall be enclosed or guarded to prevent accidental contact by persons and objects.
(b) All switches shall be of the externally operable type.
(c) Rheostats shall be placed in approved cases or cabinets that enclose all live parts, having only the operating handles exposed.
(d) Current-carrying parts of "bull-switches," "location boards," "spiders," and plugging boxes shall be so enclosed, guarded, or located that persons cannot accidentally come into contact with them or bring conductive material into contact with them.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 530-15.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2553.16. Portable Lamps.
Portable lamps and work lights shall be equipped with portable cords, composition or metal-sheathed porcelain sockets, and substantial guards.
Exception: Portable lamps used as properties in a motion picture set or television stage set, on a studio stage or lot, or on location.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2553.17. Portable Arc Lamps.
Portable arc lamps shall be substantially constructed. The arc shall be provided with an enclosure designed to retain sparks and carbons and to prevent persons or materials from coming into contact with the arc or bare live parts. The enclosures shall be ventilated. All switches shall be of the externally operable type.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2553.18. Overcurrent Protection -Short-Time Rating.
Automatic overcurrent protective devices (circuit breakers or fuses) for motion picture studio stage set lighting and the stage cables for such stage set lighting shall be as given in (a) through (e) below.
Note: Special consideration is given to motion picture studios and similar locations because filming periods are of short duration.
(a) Stage Cables. Stage cables for stage set lighting shall be protected by means of overcurrent devices.
(b) Feeders. In buildings used primarily for motion picture production, the feeders from the substations to the stages shall be protected by means of overcurrent devices (generally located in the substation) having suitable ampere rating. The overcurrent devices shall be permitted to be multipole or single-pole gang-operated. No pole or overcurrent device shall be required in the neutral conductor. The overcurrent device setting for each feeder shall not exceed 400 percent of the ampacity of the feeder.
(c) Location Boards. Overcurrent protection (fuses or circuit breakers) shall be provided at the "location boards." Fuses in the "location boards" shall have an ampere rating of not over 400 percent of the ampacity of the cables between the "location boards" and the plugging boxes.
(d) Plugging Boxes. Where plugging boxes are not provided with overcurrent devices, each cable or cord smaller than No. 8 supplied through a plugging box shall be attached to the plugging box by means of a plug containing two cartridge fuses or a circuit breaker. The rating of the fuses or the setting of the circuit breaker shall not be over 400 percent of the safe ampacity of the cables or cords.
(e) Lighting. Work lights, stand lamps, and fixtures shall be connected to plugging boxes by means of plugs containing two cartridge fuses not larger than 20 amperes, or they shall be permitted to be connected to special outlets on circuits protected by fuses or circuit breakers rated at not over 0 amperes. Plug fuses shall not be used unless they are on the load side of the fuse or circuit breakers on the "location boards."
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 530-18.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2553.19. Sizing of Feeder Conductors for Television Studio Sets.
(a) General. It shall be permissible to apply the demand factors listed in Table 2553.19(a) to that portion of the maximum possible connected load for studio or stage set lighting for all permanently installed feeders between substations and stages and to all permanently installed subfeeders between the main stage switchboard and stage distribution centers or location boards.
TABLE 2553.19(a)

DEMAND FACTORS FOR STAGE SET LIGHTING

Total Stage Set Lighting Feeder Demand
Load (Wattage) Factors
_____________________________________________
First 50,000 or less at....... 100%
Next 50,001 to 100,000 at..... 75%
Next 100,001 to 200,000 at.... 60%
All over 200,000.............. 50%
_____________________________________________

(b) Portable Feeders. A demand factor of 50 percent of maximum possible connected load shall be permitted for all portable feeders.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 530-19.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2553.20. Grounding.
Metal-clad cable, metal raceways, and all noncurrent-carrying metal parts of appliances, devices, and equipment shall be grounded as specified in Article 11. This shall not apply to pendant and portable lamps, to stage lighting and stage sound equipment, nor to other portable or semiportable special stage equipment operating at not over 150 volts to ground.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 530-20.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2553.41. Lamps at Tables.
Only composition or metal-sheathed, porcelain, keyless lampholders equipped with suitable means to guard lamps from physical damage and from film and film scrap shall be used at patching, viewing, and cutting tables.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2553.51. Lamps in Cellulose Nitrate Film Storage Vaults.
Lamps in cellulose nitrate film storage vaults shall be rigid fixtures of the glass enclosed and gasketed type. Lamps shall be controlled by a switch having a pole in each ungrounded conductor. This switch shall be located outside of the vault and provided with a pilot light to indicate whether the switch is on or off. This switch shall disconnect from all sources of supply all ungrounded conductors terminating in any outlet in the vault.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 530-51.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2553.52. Motors and Other Equipment in Cellulose Nitrate Film Storage Vaults.
No receptacles, outlets, electric motors, heaters, portable lights, or other portable electric equipment shall be located in film storage vaults.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2553.64. Working Space and Guarding.
Working space and guarding in permanent fixed substations shall comply with Section 2340.16 and 2340.17.
Exception: Switchboards of not over 250 volts DC between conductors, when located in substations or switchboard rooms accessible to qualified persons only, shall not be required to be dead-front.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 530-64.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2553.65. Portable Substations.
Wiring and equipment in portable substations shall conform to the sections applying to installations in permanent fixed substations; but, due to the limited space available, the working spaces shall be permitted to be reduced, provided that the equipment shall be so arranged that the operator can do his work safely, and so that other persons in the vicinity cannot accidentally come into contact with current-carrying parts or bring conducting objects into contact with them while they are energized.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Cod.

s 2553.66. Grounding at Substations.
Noncurrent-carrying metal parts shall be grounded.
Exception: Frames of DC circuit breakers installed on switchboards.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 530-66.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.1. Scope.
This article covers motion picture projectors and associated equipment of the professional and nonprofessional types.
For further information, see Storage and Handling of Cellulose Nitrate Motion Picture Film (NFPA No. 40-1982).

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.2. Professional Projector -Definition.
The professional projector is a type employing 35- or 70-millimeter film which has a minimum width of 1 3/8 inches (35 mm) and has on each edge 5.4 perforations per inch, or a type using carbon arc, Xenon, or other light source equipment which develops hazardous gases, dust, or radiation.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.10. Location of Equipment.
Motor generator sets, transformers, rectifiers, rheostats, and similar equipment for the supply or control of current to arc lamps on projectors shall, if practicable, be located in separate rooms. Where placed in the projector room, they shall be so located or guarded that arcs or sparks cannot come in contact with film, and motor generator sets shall have the commutator end or ends protected.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.11. Equipment Prohibited.
Switches, overcurrent devices, or other equipment not normally required or used for projectors, sound reproduction, flood, or other special effect lamps or other equipment shall not be installed in such booths or rooms.
Exception: Remote control switches for the control of auditorium lights or a switch for the motor operating the curtain at the motion picture screen.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 540-11(b) without Exception 2.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.12. Motor-Driven Projectors.
Motor-driven projectors shall be approved for the purpose as an assembly or shall comply with all of the following conditions:
(a) A listed projector shall be used.
(b) A listed projector lamp shall be used.
(c) Motors shall be so designed or guarded as to prevent ignition of film by sparks or arcs.
(d) Projectors shall be in charge of a qualified operator.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code, and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.13. Conductors Size.
Conductors supplying outlets for arc projectors of the professional type shall not be smaller than No. 8 and shall be of sufficient size for the projector employed.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 540-13.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.14. Conductors on Lamps and Hot Equipment.
Insulated conductors having a maximum operating temperature of 200 degrees C (392 degrees F) shall be used on all lamps or other equipment where the ambient temperature at the conductors as installed will exceed 50 degrees C (122 degrees F).

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.15. Flexible Cords.
Cords approved for hard service shall be used on portable equipment.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.16. Lamp Guards.
Incandescent lamps in projection rooms or booths shall be provided with an approved lamp guard unless otherwise protected by noncombustible shades or other enclosures.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2554.17. Location of Equipment.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.19. Equipment Prohibited.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.20. Approval.
Projectors and enclosures for arc, Xenon and incandescent lamps and rectifiers, transformers, rheostats and similar equipment shall be approved.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 540-20.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2554.21. Marking.
Projectors and other equipment as set forth in Section 2554.20 shall be marked with the name or trademark of the maker and with the voltage and current for which they are designed.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 540-21.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.30. Nonprofessional Projector -Definition.
The nonprofessional projector is a type employing film other than that used on professional-type projectors.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.31. Booth Not Required.
Projectors of the nonprofessional or miniature type, when employing only approved slow-burning (cellulose acetate or equivalent) film, shall be permitted to be operated without a booth.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.32. Approval.
Projectors, lamp enclosures, and current-controlling devices and similar devices shall be listed as component parts of the projector equipment.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.33. Source of Illumination.
The source of illumination shall be a lamp or a type listed for stereopticon use or for motion picture projection.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.34. Marking.
(a) Projectors shall be marked with:
(1) The name or trademark of the maker;
(2) The current and voltage for which they are designed; and

(3) For projectors of this type using the standard 35-millimeter film, the wording "For use with slow-burning films only."

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.35. Nonprofessional Film Marking.
The slow-burning (cellulose acetate or equivalent) film shall have a permanent distinctive marker for its entire length identifying the manufacturer and the slow-burning character of the film stock.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2554.50. Sound Recording and Reproduction.
Sound recording and reproduction equipment shall comply with Article 76.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2560.2. Disconnect Required.
Each outline lighting installation, and each sign of other than the portable type, shall be controlled by an externally operable switch or breaker which will open all ungrounded conductors.
The disconnecting means shall be within sight of the sign or outline lighting which it controls.
Exception: Signs operated by electronic or electromechanical controllers located external to thesign shall have a disconnecting means located within sight from the controller location. The disconnecting means shall disconnect the sign and the controller from all ungrounded supply conductors and shall be so designed that no pole can be operated independently. The disconnecting means shall be permitted to be in the same enclosure with the controller. The disconnecting means shall be capable of being locked in the "open" position. (continued)