Loading (50 kb)...'
(continued)
(d) Hose piping systems, apparatus, and fittings shall not be used.
(e) Oxygen shall never be used from a cylinder or cylinder manifold unless a pressure-reducing device intended for use with oxygen, and so marked, is provided.
(f) Acetylene shall never be brought into contact with unalloyed copper except in a blowpipe or torch.
(g) Cylinders not having fixed hand wheels shall have keys, handles or nonadjustable wrenches on valve stems while these cylinders are in service. In multiple cylinder installations only one key or handle is required for each manifold.
(h) Cylinders shall never be used as rollers or supports whether full or empty.
(i) Compressed oxygen shall not be used for ventilation, testing, or similar purposes different from its intended function in welding and burning.
(j) A dry chemical or carbon dioxide fire extinguisher rated at least 10 B:C shall be kept near operations where bottled fuel gases are being used.
(k) LP-Gas vessels shall be kept in a position so that the safety relief valve is in direct contact with the vapor space in the vessel at all times.
( l) When operations are suspended for any substantial period of time, such as during lunch or overnight, gas cylinders shall be shut off. The torch and hose shall be removed from the confined space. Upon completion or discontinuance of welding operations, the welder shall warn other workers of the location of hot metal.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1760. Scope.
All electrical work shall be performed in accordance with the following provisions of the Electrical Safety Orders, Title 8, California Administrative Code, which are hereby expressly incorporated by reference. A subsequent repeal or amendment to any of these incorporated provisions shall also repeal or amend the incorporated provision as it applies pursuant to this section unless the Board indicates an exception for the construction industry.
LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL SAFETY ORDERS
2300. Definitions
2305.2. Application
2320.1. General
2320.4. De-Energized Equipment or Systems
2320.6. Accident Prevention Tags
2340.1. Maintenance
2340.11. Deteriorating Agents
2340.13. Mounting and Cooling of Equipment
2340.16. Work Space About Electrical Equipment
2340.17(a). Guarding of Energized Parts
2340.22. Identification of Equipment
2340.26. Mechanical Protection
2375.18. Clearance From Ground
2390.1. General
2395.5(b). Alternating-Current Circuits and Systems to be Grounded
2395.6. Portable and Vehicle-Mounted Generators
2395.45. Equipment Connected by Cord and Plug
2395.51. Effective Grounding
2395.59. Cord- and Plug-Connected Equipment
2395.70. General
2405.1(a). Scope
2405.2. General
2405.3. Temporary Poles
2405.4. Ground-Fault Circuit Protection-Construction Site
2500.7. Uses Permitted
2500.9. Splices
2500.10. Pull at Joints and Terminals
2510.2(a). Receptacles. Grounding Type
2510.2(b). Skirted Plugs
2510.6. Portable Handlamps
HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL SAFETY ORDERS
2700. Definitions
2710. Mounting Requirements
2711. Readily and Safely Accessible
2712. Atmospheric and Environmental Protection
2713. Protection Against Physical Damage
2714. Installation and Maintenance
2715. Identification
2716. Ampacities
2717. Energized Parts
2743. Grounding of Systems Supplying Portable High-Voltage
Equipment
2790. Use
2797. Use
2798. Guarding
2799. Time Limits
2845. Power Fuses
2906. General
2907. Overcurrent Protection
2908. Enclosures
2909. Collector Rings
2910. Power Cable Connections to Mobile Machines
2930. Enclosure and Grounding
2933. Illumination
2934. Elevation of Unguarded Live Parts
2935. Installation of Electrical Equipment in an Outdoor Enclosure
2936. Passageway and Open Spaces
2940. General Provisions
2946. Provisions for Preventing Accidents Due to Proximity to
Overhead Lines
2947. Warning Signs Required
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1800. Scope.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1801. Nonionizing Radiation.
(a) Only qualified and trained employees shall be assigned to install, adjust, and operate laser equipment.
(b) Proof of qualification of the laser equipment operator shall be available and in possession of operator at all times.
(c) Employees, when working in areas in which a potential exposure to direct or reflected laser light greater than 0.005 watt (5 milliwatts) exists, shall be provided with antilaser eye protection devices as specified in Section 1516(e).
(d) Areas in which lasers are used shall be posted with laser warning signs and labels in accordance with American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Z136.1- 1993, American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers, Sections 4.7-4.9, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
(e) Beam shutters or caps shall be utilized, or the laser turned off, when laser transmission is not actually required. When the laser is left unattended for a substantial period of time, such as during lunch hour, overnight, or at change of shifts, the laser shall be turned off.
(f) Only mechanical or electronic means shall be used as a detector for guiding the internal alignment of the laser.
(g) The laser beam shall not be directed at employees.
(h) When it is raining or snowing, or when there is dust or fog in the air, the operation of laser systems shall be prohibited where practicable; in any event, employees shall be kept out of range of the area of source and target during such weather conditions.
(i) Laser equipment shall bear a label to indicate maximum output.
(j) Employees shall not be exposed to light intensities above:
(1) Direct staring: 1 micro-watt per square centimeter;
(2) Incidental observing: 1 milliwatt per square centimeter;
(3) Diffused reflected light: 2 1/2 watts per square centimeter.
(k) Employees shall not be exposed to microwave power densities in excess of 10 milliwatts per square centimeter.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1802. Eye and Face Protection.
s 1803. Fire Prevention.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1804. Arc Welding and Cutting.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1805. Fire Prevention.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1806. Base-Mounted Drum Hoists.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1807. Overhead Hoists.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1808. Conveyors.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1809. Marine Operations and Equipment.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1810. Bolting, Riveting, Fitting-Up and Plumbing.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1811. Cofferdams.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1812. Underwater Blasting.
s 1813. Blasting in Excavation Work Under Compressed Air.
s 1900. Scope.
These orders shall establish minimum safety standards for the use of helicopters. These orders do not supersede any of the regulations administered by the F.A.A., the California Division of Aeronautics, and City or County entities.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1901. General Requirements.
(a) Prior to the start of any operation involving the use of a helicopter, a thorough survey of the conditions and hazards on the job site shall be made by the employer in conjunction with the pilot or pilot's representative to ensure a safe operation.
(b) A Code Of Safe Practices shall be formulated and enforced for operations involving the use of a helicopter. This code shall include, but is not limited to, the safe practices presented in Appendix Plate C-36-a.
(c) A daily briefing shall be conducted prior to starting work to set forth the plan of operation for that day. This briefing shall include planning to minimize possible hazards of the day's operation and all personnel exposed shall be informed and directed as to safeguards and escape procedures.
(d) If the helicopter pilot in command for any reason believes that a lift or operation cannot be performed safely, then that lift or operation shall not be attempted.
(e) Helicopter operations shall not be performed beyond the helicopter's approved external load capacity or pilot's certification. The pilot's employer shall ascertain before operations begin that the pilot is properly certificated by the F.A.A. and qualified to perform the planned operations.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1903. Landing Operations.
(a) Landing and hovering sites shall be chosen with approval of the pilot or pilot's representative.
(b) All such sites shall have at least a 200-foot diameter area clear of all loose materials and objects which could be hazardous if displaced by rotor downwash. The helicopter shall be required to deposit or lift loads in the center of the approved area.
(c) Precautions shall be taken by the employer to eliminate as far as practical reduced visibility.
(d) Access and egress to the helicopter shall be from the front and along the same level or to a level lower than the helicopter. No one shall be permitted to approach or leave the helicopter while the engine is running or the rotor is turning without a permissive signal or instruction from the pilot or pilot's designee.
(e) Built-up landing sites shall be capable of supporting a helicopter on any single square foot of the landing surface and provide good footing.
(f) Prepared landing sites on hillsides shall be no less than 12 feet by 12 feet and shall be large enough to land the helicopter so that the largest rotor clears the hillside by a distance equal to its radius measured horizontally from the tip of the rotor.
Note: Except in emergency.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1904. Static Electricity.
An effective method of protecting workers from static electrical discharge shall be provided.
Note: See Appendix for a recommended method.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1905. Fueling.
(a) The engines and radio transmitters shall be shut off, and smoking, open flame or other source of ignition shall not be permitted within 50 feet of fueling operations or fuel storage areas.
Note: Except for F.A.A. approved alternate fueling methods or closed circuit hot refueling.
(b) The helicopter and fuel supply shall be securely bonded and grounded before and during fueling operations for static electrical discharge.
(c) There shall be two 60B:C rated fire extinguishers or equivalent fire fighting protection at each fueling station attended by ground crews.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1906. Communications.
(a) During helicopter operations, the pilot shall be notified at least 30 minutes prior to any blasting operation on the project and also after each blast to signify the all-clear condition.
(b) The pilot shall be informed by the person in charge of the project of the erection of any newly suspended line or other navigational hazard on the project or in the area of helicopter operations.
(c) Signal systems between air crew and ground personnel shall be understood and checked in advance of hoisting the load. Hand signals shall be as shown in Plate C-36-c Appendix.
(d) The pilot shall receive signals from only one signal person who is distinguishable from the rest of the crew.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1907. Ground Crew.
(a) All ground crewmembers shall be thoroughly instructed by the pilot or pilot's representative in their duties and of the immediate hazards. Escape procedures shall be planned with the pilot or pilot's representative in event of helicopter failure.
(b) Ground crewmembers shall wear dust goggles for eye protection and approved head protection with chin straps in place. Ear protection and dust protection where required shall be in accordance with applicable safety orders.
(c) Only those persons associated with the helicopter operations shall be permitted to approach within 50 feet of the operating helicopter.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1908. Cargo Loading and Handling.
(a) All cargo shall be loaded and secured under the direction of the pilot or pilot's designee.
(b) No passenger shall be transported in the helicopter with a sling load and no person shall be transported as an external or sling load, except in an emergency.
Exception: Unless authorized by the F.A.A.
(c) Explosives and other "dangerous materials" shall not be transported except as authorized by F.A.A.
(d) All sling loads, including line stringing devices, shall be attached only to quick-release devices. Steel or metallic sling ends shall be of the pressed sleeve or swedged eye-type, or equivalent. Tag lines shall be of a length or secured in such a manner that will not allow their being drawn up into the rotors.
(e) Automatic release devices are prohibited in all construction operations where ground crews are used. The devices shall be activated only for actual placement of loads. Electrical release devices shall have mechanical back-up, be checked each day of operation, and be designed to prevent inadvertent operation.
(f) When stringing conductive lines or conductors, there shall be radio communication between the helicopter and the ground crew.
(g) When stringing lines or conductors close to or parallel to energized lines, conductive lines or reels, pay-out machines, and conductors shall be grounded as required by the High Voltage Electrical Safety Orders. Hoist wires or other gear shall not be attached to any fixed ground structure.
Exception: When pulling lines or conductors that are allowed to "pay-out" from a container or roll off a reel.
(h) External sling load operations shall not be performed if electrical storms in the immediate vicinity make the work unsafe.
(i) Load landing operations shall not be performed when the wind conditions are deemed too unsafe by the pilot or ground crew.
(j) There shall be a minimum clearance of at least 25 feet between any energized power line, rated 50 KV or below, and any part of the rotorcraft load combination. This clearance requirement shall increase at the rate of 1/2 inch for each 1 KV.
Exception: These minimum clearances shall not apply to helicopters or their external loads specifically utilized for power line construction, maintenance, and repair where the work in progress is under the direct supervision of the utility.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1909. Exposed Locations.
(a) While working at the edge of or on a steep slope, members of ground crews shall be protected from falling by:
(1) A barrier of adequate design to restrain a falling person or;
(2) A safety belt with a quick-release buckle and a life line at least 50 feet long.
(A) Where practicable when using safety belts, the area shall be cleared of objects which might snag the life lines in an escape procedure. (See Plate C-36-b, Appendix.)
(b) Workers receiving materials while on a tower-type structure shall not be positioned in a place of unnecessary exposure and shall be secured to the structure by safety belts or other equivalent protection.
(c) Ground crews on elevated surfaces more than 7 1/2 feet high, shall be protected against being swept off by rotor downwash. (See Plate C-36-b, Appendix.)
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1920. General Requirements.
(a) The employer shall be responsible for the development of a fire protection program to be followed throughout all phases of the construction work; and he shall provide for the fire fighting equipment as specified in this Article. As fire hazards occur, there shall be no delay in providing the necessary fire protection and/or prevention equipment.
Note: In cases where orders of local jurisdiction are more restrictive, those orders shall prevail.
(b) A safe and unobstructed access to all available fire fighting equipment shall be maintained at all times.
(c) All fire fighting equipment, provided by the employer, shall be conspicuously located or the location conspicuously marked.
(d) All fire fighting equipment shall be maintained in operating condition. Defective equipment shall be immediately replaced.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1921. Water Supply.
(a) A temporary or permanent water supply, of sufficient volume, duration, and pressure, required to properly operate the fire fighting equipment as required by these orders shall be made available as soon as combustible materials accumulate.
(b) Where underground water supply lines are to be provided, they shall be installed, completed, and made available for use as soon as practicable.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1922. Portable Fire Fighting Equipment.
(a) Fire Extinguishers and Small Hose Lines.
(1) A fire extinguisher, rated not less than 2A, shall be provided for each 3,000 square feet of the floor area, or fraction thereof. Where the floor area is less than 3,000 square feet at least one extinguisher shall be provided. Travel distance from any point of the protected area to the nearest fire extinguisher shall not exceed 75 feet.
One 55-gallon open container of water with two fire pails may be substituted for a fire extinguisher having a 2A rating.
A 3/4-inch diameter garden-type hose line, not to exceed 75 feet in length and equipped with an adjustable nozzle, may be substituted for a 2A-rated fire extinguisher, provided it is connected to a reliable water pressure system capable of discharging a minimum, continuous flow of 5 gallons per minute with a minimum hose stream range of 30 feet horizontally. The garden-type hose lines shall be mounted on conventional racks or reels. The number and location of hose racks or reels shall be such that at least one hose stream can be applied to all points in the floor area.
At least one fire extinguisher rated not less than 2A, shall be provided on each floor. In multi-story buildings, at least one fire extinguisher shall be located adjacent to the stairway at each floor level.
Exception: Single family residential dwellings other than apartments, lodging houses, hotels or dormitories provided that there is at least one fire extinguisher rated not less than 2A, or the equivalent, available at the job site during working hours.
(2) Extinguishers and water containers subject to freezing shall be protected from freezing.
(3) A fire extinguisher, rated not less than 10B, shall be provided within 50 feet of wherever more than 5 gallons of flammable or combustible liquids or 5 pounds of flammable gas are being used on the job site. This requirement does not apply to the integral fuel tanks of motor vehicles.
(4) Portable fire extinguishers shall be inspected monthly, or at more frequent intervals, and serviced at least annually by a person licensed or registered by the State Fire Marshal as required by the Health and Safety Code, Division 12, Part 2, Chapter 1.5, Articles 2, 3, and 6.
Note: Inspection is a "quick check" that an extinguisher is available and will operate. It is intended to give reasonable assurance that the extinguisher is fully charged and operable. This is done by seeing that it is in its designated place, that it has not been actuated or tampered with, and that there is no obvious or physical damage or condition to prevent operation.
Note: Service as defined in the State Fire Marshal's regulations pertains to the act of charging, recharging, inspecting, repairing, and hydrostatic testing of any portable fire extinguisher .
(5) The selection of extinguishers for a given situation will depend upon the character of the fires anticipated, the construction and occupancy of the individual property, the vehicle or hazard to be protected, ambient temperature conditions, and other factors. The number of extinguishers required shall be determined by reference to Section 6151 of the General Industry Safety Orders. Portable fire extinguishers shall be limited to those listed or bearing labels of the Underwriters' Laboratory or laboratories approved by the State Fire Marshal. (See Table A-2-1, NFPA 10-1984)
(b) Fire Hose and Connections.
(1) Up to 100 feet of 1 1/2-inch hose, with a nozzle capable of discharging a continuous flow of water at 25 gallons or more per minute may be substituted for a fire extinguisher rated not more than 2A in the designated area provided that the hose line can reach all points in the floor area.
(2) If fire hose connections are not compatible with local fire fighting equipment, the contractor shall provide adapters, or equivalent, to permit connections.
Note: For demolition in construction, see Section 1737, "Fire Prevention."
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1923. Fixed Fire Fighting Equipment.
(a) Sprinkler Protection.
(1) If the facility being constructed includes the installation of automatic sprinkler protection which is proposed to be used in lieu of temporary protection, the installation shall closely follow the construction and be placed in service as soon as applicable laws permit following completion of each story.
(2) During demolition or alterations, existing automatic sprinkler installations shall be retained in service as long as reasonable. The operation of sprinkler control valves shall be permitted only by qualified persons. Modification of sprinkler systems to permit alterations or additional demolition should be expedited so that the automatic protection may be returned to service as quickly as possible. Sprinkler control valves shall be checked daily to ascertain that the protection is in service.
(3) During the construction of a building and until the permanent fire extinguishing system has been installed and in service, fire protection shall be provided in accordance with these orders.
(b) Standpipes.
(1) In all structures in which standpipes are required, or where standpipes exist in structures being altered, they shall, unless replaced by temporary construction protection, be brought up as soon as applicable laws permit, and shall be maintained as construction progresses in such a manner that they are always ready for fire protection use. The standpipes shall be provided with Siamese fire department connections on the outside of the structure, at the street level and shall be conspicuously marked and accessible. There shall be at least one standard hose outlet at each floor. These installations, when planned as part of the permanent installation, shall meet the applicable requirements of Articles 158 and 159 of the General Industry Safety Orders.
(2) Every building six (6) stories or more in height shall be provided with not less than one operable standpipe. Such standpipes shall be installed when the progress of construction is not more than 50 feet in height above grade. Such standpipes shall be provided with fire department outlet connections at accessible locations adjacent to usable stairs. Such standpipe systems shall be extended as construction progresses to within one floor of the highest point of construction having secured decking or flooring.
Where permanent fire protection equipment is required by local jurisdiction, it may be used during construction provided it is constructed concurrently and progressively with the structure and is maintained operational and accessible.
(3) Every floor shall be provided with not less than one 2 1/2-inch valve outlet for fire department use. Where construction height requires installation of a combination standpipe, fire pumps and water connections shall be provided to serve the standpipe.
Note: For specific requirements for portions of the fire protection system not contained in these orders, refer to Article 158 of the General Industry Safety Orders or consult with the local fire authorities.
(4) Temporary standpipes may be provided in place of permanent systems if they are designed to furnish a minimum continuous flow of 75 gallons of water per minute at 50 pounds per square inch pressure with a standpipe size of not less than 4 inches. All outlets shall be not less than 2 1/2 inches. Pumping equipment sufficient to provide this pressure and volume shall be available at all times when a combination system is required.
(5) Standpipe systems for buildings under construction, if a part of the permanent system, shall be installed as required for permanent standpipe systems and meet the applicable requirements of Articles 158 and 159 of the General Industry Safety Orders.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1924. Fire Alarm Devices.
(a) An alarm system, e.g., telephone system, siren, etc., shall be established by the employer whereby employees on the site and the local fire department can be alerted for an emergency.
(b) The alarm code and reporting instructions shall be conspicuously posted at phones and at employee entrances.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1925. Fire Cutoffs.
(a) Fire walls and exit stairways, required for the completed buildings, shall be given construction priority. Fire doors, with automatic closing devices, shall be hung on openings as soon as practicable.
(b) Fire cutoffs shall be retained in buildings undergoing alterations until operations necessitate their removal.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1930. Flammable and Combustible Liquids.
(a) General.
(1) Only approved containers and portable tanks shall be used. Metal containers and portable tanks meeting the requirements of and containing products authorized by Chapter I, Title 49, of the Code of Federal Regulations (DOT Regulations), shall be deemed to be acceptable.
(2) Containers and portable tanks for flammable and combustible liquids shall conform to Table A.
Table A Maximum Allowable Size of Containers and Portable Tanks
_______________________________________________________________________________
Flammable Liquids ............. Combustible Liquids
Container Type .......... Class IA . Class IB . Class IC . Class II . Class III
_______________________________________________________________________________
Glass.................... 1 pt...... 1 qt...... 1 gal..... 1 gal..... 5 gal.
Metal (Other than DOT
Drums) or approved
plastic.................. 1 gal..... 5 gal..... 5 gal..... 5 gal..... 5 gal.
Safety cans.............. 2 gal..... 5 gal..... 5 gal..... 5 gal..... 5 gal.
Metal Drum (DOT
Spec).................. 60 gal.... 60 gal.... 60 gal.... 60 gal.... 60 gal.
Approved Portable
Tanks.................... 660 gal... 660 gal... 660 gal... 660 gal... 660 gal.
Polyethylene
DOT Spec 34 or as
authorized by DOT
Exemption................ 1 gal..... 5 gal..... 5 gal..... 60 gal.... 60 gal.
SI Units: 1 pt. = 0.43 L; 1 qt. = 0.95 L; 1 gal. = 3.785 L
_______________________________________________________________________________
(3) Portable tanks in excess of 660 gallons shall have emergency venting and other devices as required by Chapters II and III of the Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code (NFPA 30-1984).
(4) Flammable or combustible liquids shall not be stored so as to limit use of exits, stairways or areas normally used for the safe egress of people.
(A) Storage in excess of 25 gallons of flammable liquids or 60 gallons of Class III liquids shall be within cabinets constructed to the requirements of NFPA 30.
(B) Not more than 25 gallons of flammable liquids shall be stored in safety cans outside of a flammable liquids storage room or storage cabinet.
(5) Not more than 120 gallons of Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquids may be stored in a storage cabinet. Of this total, not more than 60 gallons may be of Class I and Class II liquid. Not more than three such cabinets may be located in a single floor area, except that in an industrial occupancy additional cabinets may be located in the same floor area if the additional cabinet, or group of not more than three cabinets, is separated from any other cabinets or group of cabinets by at least 100 feet.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1931. Inside Storage.
(a) Inside storage rooms shall be constructed in accordance with NFPA 30-1984.
(b) Materials which will react with water shall not be stored in the same room with flammable or combustible liquids.
(c) Storage in inside storage rooms shall comply with the following:
Automatic ................................................ Total Allowable
Fire Protection
[FNa1] .......... Fire ............ Maximum ............ Quantities
Provided .......... Resistance ...... Floor Area ......... Gals./sq. ft./floor
area
yes .............. 2-hour .......... 500 sq. ft.......... 10
no ............... 2-hour .......... 500 sq. ft.......... 4 [FNaa1]
yes .............. 1-hour .......... 150 sq. ft.......... 5
no ............... 1-hour .......... 150 sq. ft.......... 2
[FNa1] Fire protection system shall be sprinkler, water spray, carbon dioxide,
dry chemical, halon or other approved system.
[FNa]a1 Total allowable quantities of Class IA and IB Liquids shall not exceed
that permitted in Table 4-4.2.7 and the provisions of 4-4.2.10 of NFPA
30-1984.
(d) Electrical wiring and equipment located in inside storage rooms used for Class I liquids shall be approved for Class I, Division 2 Locations in accordance with the Low Voltage Electrical Safety Orders.
(e) Provisions shall be made for ventilation of inside storage rooms in accordance with General Industry Safety Orders, Section 5143.
(f) In every inside storage room there shall be maintained one clear aisle at least three feet wide. Containers over 30 gallons capacity storing Class I or Class II liquids shall not be stacked one upon the other. Dispensing shall be by approved pump or self-closing faucet only.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1932. Outside Storage.
(a) Storage outside buildings shall be in accordance with Table B.
Table B. Outdoor Liquid Storage in Containers and Portable Tanks
1 2 3 4 5
Distance
to
Portable Tank Distance Property Distance
Line to
Container Storage Max. Between That Can Street,
Alley,
Storage Max. per Pile Piles or Be Built or a
Public
Way
Class per Pile Gallons (1) Racks Upon (ft) (ft) (3)
(ft) (2)(3)
Height Height
Gallons (ft) Gallons (ft)
(1)(4) (1)(4)
IA 1,100 10 2,200 7 5 50 10
IB 2,200 12 4,400 14 5 50 10
IC 4,400 12 8,800 14 5 50 10
II 8,800 12 17,600 14 5 25 5
III 22,000 18 44,000 14 5 10 5
[FN1] When two ormore classes of materials are stored in a single pile, the
maximum gallonage in that pile shall be the smallest of the two or more
separate gallonages.
[FN2] Within 200 feet of each container, there shall be a 12-foot wide access
way to permit approach of fire control apparatus.
[FN3] The distances listed apply to properties that have protection for
exposures as defined. If there are exposures, and such protection for
exposures does not exist, the distances in column four shall be doubled.
[FN4] When total quantity stored does not exceed 50% of maximum per pile, the
distances in columns four and five may be reduced 50%, but not less than
three feet.
(b) The storage area shall be graded in a manner to divert possible spills away from buildings or other exposures or shall be surrounded by a curb at least 12 inches high. When curbs are used, provisions shall be made for draining of accumulations of ground or rain water or spills of flammable or combustible liquids. Drains shall terminate at a safe location and shall be accessible to operation under fire conditions.
(c) All available precautions shall be taken to protect the storage area against tampering or trespassers where necessary. The area shall be kept free of vegetation and combustible material.
(d) Each portable tank shall be provided with one or more devices installed in the top with sufficient emergency venting capacity to limit internal pressure under fire exposure conditions to 10 psig, or 30 percent of the bursting pressure of the tank, whichever is greater. The total venting capacity shall be not less than that specified in Section 1932(e) below. At least one pressure-actuated vent having a minimum capacity of 6,000 cubic feet of free air per hour (14.7 psig and 60 degrees F.) shall be used. It shall be set to open at not less than 5 psig. If fusible vents are used, they shall be actuated by elements that operate at a temperature not exceeding 300 degrees F.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1933. Fire Control.
(a) Suitable fire control devices, such as small hose or portable fire extinguishers, shall be available at locations where flammable or combustible liquids are stored.
(b) At least one portable fire extinguisher having a rating of not less than 20-B units shall be located outside of, but not more than 10 feet from, the door opening into any room used for storage.
(c) At least one portable fire extinguisher having a rating of not less than 20-B units shall be located not less than 25 feet, nor more than 75 feet, from any flammable liquid storage area located outside.
(d) When sprinklers are provided, they shall be installed in an approved manner. The Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, NFPA 13-1984, provides information on the installation of sprinkler systems.
(e) At least one portable fire extinguisher having a rating of not less than 20-B:C units shall be provided on all tank trucks or other vehicles used for transporting and/or dispensing flammable or combustible liquids.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1934. Dispensing Liquids.
(a) Areas in which flammable or combustible liquids are transferred at one time, in quantities greater than 5 gallons from one tank or container to another tank or container, shall be separated from other operations by 25-feet distance or by construction having a fire resistance of at least 1 hour. Drainage or other means shall be provided to control spills. Adequate natural or mechanical ventilation shall be provided to maintain the concentration of flammable vapor at or below 10 percent of the lower flammable limit.
(b) When flammable liquids are transferred from one container to another, the fill spout, nozzle or fill pipe shall be kept continuously in contact with the edge of the fill opening to prevent the discharge of static sparks. Bonding or grounding of tanks, tank vehicles, tank cars, etc., shall be in accordance with NFPA 77-1983.
(c) Flammable liquids shall be drawn from or transferred into vessels, containers or portable tanks within a building only through a closed piping system, from safety cans, by means of a device drawing through the top, or from a container or portable tanks by gravity through an approved self-closing valve. Transferring any liquids by means of air pressure on the container or portable tanks shall be prohibited.
(d) The dispensing unit and its piping shall be protected against collision damage.
(e) Dispensing devices and nozzles for flammable liquids shall be of an approved type.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1935. Use of Flammable Liquids.
(a) Flammable liquids shall be kept in closed containers when not actually in use.
(b) Leakage or spillage of flammable or combustible liquids shall be disposed of promptly and safely.
(c) Flammable liquids may be used only where there are no open flames or other sources of ignition within the possible path of vapor travel.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1936. Service and Refueling Areas.
(a) Only approved containers and portable tanks shall be used. Metal containers and portable tanks meeting the requirements of and containing products authorized by Chapter I, Title 49, of the Code of Federal Regulations (DOT Regulations), shall be deemed to be acceptable.
(b) Dispensing devices for Class I liquids shall be of approved type. The dispensing nozzle shall be of an approved automatic-closing type without a latch-open device.
(c) Underground tanks taken out of service shall be safeguarded or disposed of by any one of the three following means:
(1) Placed in a "temporarily out of service" condition. Tanks should be rendered "temporarily out of service" only when it is planned that they will be returned to active service within a reasonable period or pending removal or abandonment within 90 days.
(2) Abandoned in place with proper safeguarding to render them inactive to explosion and/or collapse.
(3) Removed.
(d) For emergency power cutoff, a clearly identified and easily accessible switch(es) or circuit breaker(s) shall be provided at a location remote from dispensing devices, including remote pumping systems, to shut off the power to all dispensing devices in the event of an emergency.
(e) Heating equipment using gas or oil fuel may be installed in the lubrication or service room where there is no dispensing or transferring of Class I liquids provided the bottom of the combustion chamber is at least 18 inches above the floor and the heating equipment is protected from physical damage.
(f) Heating equipment approved for use in garages may be installed in the lubrication or service room where Class I liquids are dispensed provided the equipment is installed at least 8 feet above the floor.
(g) Smoking or open flames shall not be permitted in the areas used for fueling, servicing fuel systems for internal combustion engines, receiving or dispensing of flammable liquids. Conspicuous and legible signs prohibiting smoking shall be posted within sight of the person being served. The motors of all equipment being fueled shall be shut off during the fueling operation except for emergency generators, pumps, etc., where continuing operation is essential.
(h) Each service or fueling area shall be provided with at least one fire extinguisher having a rating of not less than 20-B:C located so that an extinguisher will be within 75 feet of each pump, dispenser, underground fill pipe opening, and lubrication or service area.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1937. Repairs and Alterations to LP-Gas Containers.
(a) No repairs or alterations involving flame, arc, or other method of welding, shall be made on any tank, cylinder, or system unless such tank, cylinder, or system shall first have been certified as free of combustible gases by competent personnel.
(b) No repair or alteration affecting the safety of the tank or cylinder shall be made to any LP-Gas tank or cylinder until the contemplated repair or alteration has been approved by a qualified inspector. Nothing in this order shall prohibit the exchange or interchange of valves, fittings, and accessories intended for the same purpose.
(c) All repairs affecting the safety of LP-Gas tanks shall be reported to the Division within twenty-one days (21 days) by the qualified inspector authorizing such repairs.
(d) Any welding necessary when making repairs or alterations to tanks shall be done by a welder qualified in accordance with Section IX of the ASME Code in the position or positions used in making the repair. Repairs to DOT cylinders shall be made under DOT regulations and control.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 1938. Construction Site, General.
(a) Internal combustion engine powered equipment shall be so located that the exhausts are well away from combustible materials. When the exhausts are piped to outside the building under construction, a clearance of at least 6 inches shall be maintained between such piping and combustible material.
(b) Temporary buildings.
(1) No temporary building shall be erected where it will adversely affect any means of exit.
(2) Temporary buildings, when located within another building or structure, shall be of either noncombustible construction or of combustible construction having a fire resistance of not less than 1 hour.
(3) Temporary buildings, located other than inside another building and not used for the storage, handling, or use of flammable or combustible liquids, flammable gases, explosives, or blasting agents, or similar hazardous occupancies, shall be located at a distance of not less than 10 feet from another building or structure. Groups of temporary buildings, not exceeding 2,000 square feet in aggregate, shall, for the purposes of this section, be considered a single temporary building.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
Appendix A
Labor Code Excerpts; Accident Prevention Program Ideas; Etc.
PLATE A-1
LABOR CODE SECTIONS DEALING WITH DIVISION OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH IN
GENERAL AS WELL AS CONSTRUCTION
Division 5. Safety in Employment
Part 1. Occupational Safety and Health
Chapter 1. Jurisdiction and Duties....................... 6300-6331
Chapter 2. Education and Research........................ 6350-6355
Chapter 2.5 Hazardous Substances Information and Training
Article
1. General Provisions................................... 6360-6363
2. Definitions.......................................... 6365-6374
3. Hazardous Substances................................. 6380-6386
4. Duties............................................... 6390-6399.2
5. Liability and Remedies............................... 6399.5-6399.7
Chapter 3. Responsibilities and Duties of Employers and
Employees................................................ 6400-6413.5
Chapter 4. Penalties..................................... 6423-6436
Chapter 5. Temporary Variances........................... 6450-6457
Chapter 6. Permit Requirements........................... 6500-6511
Chapter 7. Appeal Proceedings............................ 6600-6633
Chapter 8. Enforcement of Civil Penalties................ 6650-6652
Chapter 9. Miscellaneous Safety Provisions............... 6700-6715
Part 3. Safety on Buildings
Chapter 1. Buildings Under Construction or Repair
Article
1. Floors and Walls..................................... 7100-7150
2. Scaffolding.......................................... 7150-7158
3. Construction Elevators............................... 7200-7205
4. Structural Steel Framed Buildings.................... 7250-7267
Chapter 3. Safety Devices Upon Buildings to Safeguard
Window Cleaners.......................................... 7325-7332
Chapter 5. Cranes
Article
1. Permits for Tower Cranes............................. 7370-7374
2. Certification........................................ 7375-7384
Part 10. Use of Carcinogens
Chapter 1. General Provisions and Definitions.... 9000-9009
Chapter 2. Exemptions............................ 9015
Chapter 3. Standards and Administration.......... 9020-9022
Chapter 4. Reporting............................. 9030-9032
Chapter 5. Medical Examination................... 9040
Chapter 6. Inspections........................... 9050-9052
Chapter 7. Penalties............................. 9060-9061
PLATE A-2 SUGGESTED SAFETY PROGRAM FOR CONTRACTORS GENERAL
1. Demonstrate your interest in safety by establishing a firm and positive accident prevention policy that includes the supplying of tangible items like hard hats, good ladders, first aid materials, and safety devices on equipment.
2. Provide that capable, responsible supervisors make regular inspections of all excavations, forms, scaffolds, stairs, ladders, structures, machinery, and equipment at frequent intervals; take immediate corrective measures to eliminate hazards directly under control of the employer, or report violations of Safety Orders and safe practices to the responsible employer.
3. Make certain that the foremen assume their share of the responsibility for accidents, and require a written report from them on each. Require that each report suggests a feasible means of avoiding future accidents of a similar nature.
4. Monthly, or more frequent, meetings of all foremen should be held under direction of the superintendent for a discussion of safety problems and accidents that have occurred. Have something specific ready for discussion, such as safety regulations, or any changes in equipment and methods that are to be adopted for safety reasons.
5. Display safety posters and warning signs. A sign indicating how many consecutive accident-free days have passed is often worthwhile.
6. Consider the advisability of posting a list of all foremen who have kept their crews accident free for a certain period of time.
7. Consider the advisability of establishing various forms of safety competition, including suitable rewards or recognition to individuals and crews with good records.
8. Require foremen to give individual safety instructions and orders, as needed, to new workers and those found to be working unsafely.
9. Consider the advisability of having the foremen call short "toolbox" or "tail-gate" safety meetings with their crews about once a week on the job, to emphasize some particular safety problem that needs special attention.
10. Keep track of your safety record and keep everyone posted as to progress. A graph or chart, indicating gains or losses, is good for this purpose.
11. Encourage safety suggestions from all workers and, if the suggestion cannot be followed promptly, explain why to the worker.
12. Consider the advisability of giving each worker a copy of certain important safety rules that they are expected to follow.
13. Arrange for frequent and regular field safety inspections.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
Appendix B
Handy Construction Data; Facts; and Information Plate B-1 Handy Things to Know
1. TO FIND -
(a) the circumference of a circle, multiply the diameter by 3.1416 (approx. 3 1/7).
(b) the diameter of a circle, multiply the circumference by .31831.
(c) the area of a circle, multiply the square of the diameter by .7854.
(d) the area of a triangle, multiply the base by 1/2 the perpendicular height.
(e) the volume of a sphere, multiply cube of the diameter by .5236.
A gallon of water weighs 8 1/2 pounds.
A gallon of water contains 231 cubic inches.
A cubic foot of water contains 7 1/2 gals., 1728 cubic inches and weighs 62 1/2 lbs.
In board measure all boards are assumed to be 1 inch thick. Area of a lineal foot multiplied by length in feet will give the surface contents in square feet.
PLATE B-1-a SANITATION OF PERSONAL SAFETY DEVICES
(except respiratory protective equipment)
Thorough scrubbing with soap and hot water is ordinarily adequate for cleaning purposes. When additional cleaning appears necessary, one of the following treatments should be used, in addition to the soap and water scrubbing:
(1) Immerse in boiling water for five (5) minutes.
(2) The method recommended by the manufacturer for cleaning and sterilizing.
After following any of these procedures, the equipment should be thoroughly rinsed with water and hung up to dry.
Such items that have been in contact with the skin of the wearer must be replaced if they cannot be cleaned as described.
Note: Authority cited: Section142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code. (continued)