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(continued)
(j) Whenever any washing solutions injurious to fiber rope are being used, the free ends of the falls and life lines shall be coiled in barrels or other suitable receptacles.
(k) All staging referred to in this section, suspended at an elevation of 5 feet or more, shall have a guardrail with midrail of wood or other equally rigid material of sufficient strength to prevent employees from falling, and said railing shall be not less than 42 inches nor more than 45 inches above the platform of such stagings. The guardrail shall be made of 2-inch by 4-inch lumber in one piece or equivalent.
Note: Three-eighths-inch wire rope, if kept taut at all times is considered equivalent; fiber line is not.
( l) When the surfaces being worked upon lead away from the vertical, the staging shall be securely tied in by means of a sufficient number of lines to render it stable and to bring it into contact with the surface.
(m) When boatswains' chairs are used by employees using blow torches or open flames, the slings shall be at least three-eighths-inch galvanized wire rope.
(n) When air hose, water hose, electric cable, or other equipment of this type is used on staging, it shall be securely fastened at not more than 15 feet from the working end and independent of the operator.
__________
[FNa1] Sisal rope is to be considered as having only 75 percent of the strength of manila rope.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8365. Exterior Suspended Staging Other Than Painters' Staging.
(a) Staging shall be suspended by means of wire rope or steel suspenders, or stock of equivalent strength, excluding structural reinforcing steel. The platforms shall be provided with standard guardrails on all exposed sides and ends. Guardrails shall be 2- x 4-inch lumber or equivalent.
Note: Three-eighths-inch wire rope, if kept taut t all times is considered equivalent; fiber line is not.
(b) All bails, stirrups, and slings shall be made of standard three-eighths-inch galvanized wire rope or of not less than three-fourths-inch galvanized solid round or three-fourths-inch galvanized square steel bars, or of materials of equivalent strength and weather resistance.
(c) Spalls or bolsters shall be on 8-foot centers and of not less than 4-inch by 6-inch lumber, or stock of equivalent strength, and shall extend not less than 10 inches beyond each edge of the platform. Stage planks shall be a minimum of 2- x 10-inch lumber.
(d) A galvanized iron or steel bolt 6 inches long and three-eighths inch diameter shall be fastened through the spall or bolster at right angles to it, not less than 3 inches from the end, and halfway between the upper and lower sides to prevent bails or slings, when used, from accidentally slipping off the end of the spall.
(e) Wire ropes shall be protected against burning or a welding arc to a height of 8 feet above the platform with a rubber hose or equivalent protection.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8366. Interior Staging and Scaffolding.
(a) Staging used on shells and bulkheads shall be supported by metal hangers, or by wooden uprights of a dimension used for uprights of outside staging, as specified in Section 8362(a), or by stock which will give the equivalent support. Where wire rope is used for hangers, it shall not be less than three-eighths-inch diameter and not less than three clips, or other accepted methods of end attachments shall be used to secure the loop.
(b) All interior staging 5 feet or more high, except in engine and boiler rooms when they interfere with the installation of machinery, shall be equipped with a standard guardrail on the open side and ends. The guardrail shall be in the same vertical plane as the edge of the platform which it protects, and shall be attached to its supports or mountings on the platform side. The rail shall be of 2 x 4-inch lumber, or stock of equivalent strength.
Note: Three-eighths-inch wire rope, if kept taut at all times is considered equivalent; fibre line is not.
(c) No interior staging shall be suspended by fiber rope except as otherwise provided in painters' staging.
(d) All hanger rods used as supports for staging shall be not less than three-fourths-inch round steel, or if made of other shaped steel, they shall be of equivalent strength. Structural reinforcing steel shall not be used for hangers.
(e) Hangers shall be so arranged that the area supported by one hanger will not exceed 100 square feet of staging.
(f) Permanent suspended staging shall be supported by beam clamps, wire rope, or extension rods from the overhead deck beams.
(g) Safe access shall be provided to all staging levels.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8367. Horse Staging Interior and Exterior.
(a) No horse staging shall be more than 20 feet in height.
(b) Horse staging shall not be built up or tiered, nor shall horses over 42 inches in height be used to increase the height or obtain intermediate levels on any other type of staging. Horses on other type staging shall be adequately secured in place.
(c) Staging platforms shall comply with Sections 8361, 8362(d), (e), and (f), and 8366(a).
(d) Guardrailings and toeboards shall comply with Sections 8362(h) if building way staging, or 8366(b) if interior staging.
(e) The lateral spread of the legs shall be equal to not less than one-third of the height of the horse.
(f) All horses shall be kept in good repair, and be properly secured when used on staging or in locations where they are insecure.
(g) The minimum dimensions of lumber used in the construction of horses shall be:

Up to 10'
in height 10' to 16' 16' to 20'
Legs................... 2' x 4' 3' x 4' 4' x 6'
Bearers or headers..... 2' x 6' 2' x 8' 4' x 6'
Crossbraces............ 2' x 4'
or

1' x 8' 2' x 4' 2' x 6'
Longitudinal braces.... 2' x 4' 2' x 6' 2' x 6'


(h) Horse legs shall be fastened together at the top with galvanized bolts of not less than one-half inch. Horses shall be adequately braced and all braces hall be fastened to the legs with galvanized bolts, nuts, and washers of not less than three-eighths-inch size. The bearers or headers shall be fastened at each end with not less than one bolt of an adequate size, but in no case shall the bolt be less than three-eighths-inch diameter, or equivalent.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8368. Floating Staging.
(a) Floats shall be stable for the work being done.
(b) Staging on floats shall be supported by fixed uprights and spalls equivalent in strength to those required in Section 8362, and uprights shall be securely attached to floats. Staging width shall comply with Section 8362(d), and stage planking shall be secured in place.
(c) Four head lines from the floats shall be attached to the floats proper and not to staging or scaffolding.
(d) All floating staging shall be protected by guardrailings as required by Section 8362(h).




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8369. Intermediate Staging Levels -General.
(a) Boxes, barrels, and similar makeshifts shall not be used to support boards or planks for the purpose of obtaining intermediate staging levels.
(b) Specially constructed four-legged tables may be used to secure intermediate staging levels provided they are of proper design and adequately secured in place.
(c) The minimum dimensions of lumber to be used in the construction of staging tables shall be of the following:

Legs Tops Braces Bands
3' x 3' 1' x 12' 1' x 6' 1' x 6'


(1) Each leg shall be properly secured to the table and shall be braced both parallel and transverse with the table.
(2) Table tops shall be securely nailed in place, and the width or length of tables shall be not less than 3 feet.
(3) Standard railings shall protect the outboard side of all staging tables while in use, and such railings shall be attached to the main staging uprights.
(4) The height of a table shall not exceed its minimum horizontal dimensions.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8370. Erecting and Maintaining Staging.
(a) No staging shall be erected, moved, or altered except by qualified persons.
(b) No unnecessary equipment or debris shall be permitted to remain on any staging when its presence on such staging creates a hazard.
(c) No welding, burning, riveting, or open flame work shall be carried on any staging suspended by means of fiber rope.
(d) Staging shall be maintained in a safe and secure condition.
(e) In stripping staging, boards and timbers shall be lowered by means of lines or by hand. Such material shall not be dropped free of restraint.
(f) Partially erected or partially dismantled staging shall not be used unless the part used is a complete staging under these Orders and all open sides and ends are protected by standard guardrailings.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 143.2, Labor Code.




s 8371. Stairways, Ramps, Gangways, and Ladders.
(a) Access to staging from wharf or ways shall be by means of stairways, cleated ramps, or ladders, but ladders shall not be the only means of access except to the two lower levels of staging. Access from above to staging more than 3 feet below the point of access shall consist of a portable straight ladder.
(b) Safe access to staging from hulls shall be provided at all times. Such access shall be by means of ladders, suitable ramps, or stairways.
(c) Spalls and other parts of staging shall clear stairways and ramps by at least 6 feet 6 inches vertically.
(d) At least one stairway, cleated ramp, or ladder shall be used to give access to each hold as soon as construction permits. Permanent ladders installed in accordance with approved USCG plans meet this requirement. Straight ladders shall be provided when fixed ladders are impracticable.
(e) Wooden ladders, ramps, gangways, or steps with handrails available on each side shall be used to give access to forecastle, poop, and house decks until such time as permanent ship ladders and rails can be installed.
(f) The side rails of all construction ladders shall extend at least 36 inches above the top landing when space permits, or suitable grab rails shall be installed. Intermediate rectangular landing platforms shall be provided at between-deck or half-deck and main-deck landings in holds if the ladders are not installed so that one of the side rails is within 6 inches or less of the deck landings. Such platforms shall be provided with standard railings and toeboards on the open sides and ends. No horizontal platform dimensions shall be less than 36 inches.
(g) All stairways, ramps, gangways, and ladders shall be secured against displacement.
(h) Stairways and ramps shall be at least 36 inches wide in the clear and have 36-inch handrails with midrails on each side. (i) Fixed ladders or straight ladders provided for access to cargo spaces shall not be used at the same time that cargo drafts or other loads are entering or leaving the hold. Before using these ladders to enter or leave the hold, the employee shall be required to inform the winch operator or crane signaler of the intended use.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8374. Deck Openings and Open Decks.
(a) All deck and tank top openings 18 square feet or over in area shall be guarded by standard guardrail and 4-inch toeboards where necessary until replaced by ship's equipment.
Railing uprights shall not be spaced at greater distances than 10 feet on centers, and top- and midrails shall be of not less than 2-inch by 4-inch lumber, or other material which will provide equivalent protection.
Note: Three-eighths-inch were rope, if kept taut at all times is considered equivalent.
(b) Every manhole, tank top opening, small hatch opening, deck opening, or companionway opening through which access must be had, and whose open area is less than 18 square feet, shall be guarded by a guardrail which will not have to be removed to give access to or through the opening. Where such railings are located on tank tops or inner bottoms, they shall not be less than 30 inches or more than 31 inches high, shall completely encircle the opening, and shall consist of a single rail. Rail and uprights shall be of iron or steel.
In locations other than tank tops or inner bottoms, similar guards shall be used, but with the addition of 4-inch toeboards where necessary. Standard guardrail and toeboards may also be used as provided in subsections (a) and (b) of this section.
Where ladders extend through the opening, necessary gaps shall be left in the railings.
(c) Mast, king post, ventilator, hawse pipe deck openings, and the deck openings of hawse pipes shall be guarded by flat covers securely fastened in place. Such covers may be of steel or some other equally serviceable material.
(d) All top decks, raised decks, superstructures, flats, and similar locations shall be guarded by standard guardrailings on all open sides when the sheer drop from such open sides is 5 feet or more. The top- and midrails shall be of 2-inch by 4-inch lumber, or other material which will provide equivalent protection.
(e) Sections of bilges from which floor plates or gratings have been removed shall be guarded by guardrails except where they would interfere with work in progress. If these open sections are in a walkway at least two 2 x 10-inch planks placed edge to edge, or equivalent, shall be laid across the opening to provide a safe walking surface.
(f) Gratings, walkways, and catwalks, from which sections or ladders have been removed, shall be barricaded with standard guardrails.
(g) Before opening or closing hatches employees shall be removed from the square of the hatch below.
(h) Stairways and ramps shall comply with Section 8371(h).
(i) Ladders shall comply with Section 8371(i).




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8375. Forges.
(a) Forges shall not be operated in peak tanks, fuel tanks, chain lockers, or under raised decks, nor shall they be operated in cargo spaces under or between decks.
(b) Forges shall not be located on staging but shall be located on specially constructed platforms clear of such staging. These special platforms shall be equipped with standard guardrails and toeboards.
(c) Hot rivets shall not be thrown over open hatches or manholes, nor shall they be thrown over the heads of employees.
(d) Pneumatic passers shall have stops at both ends.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8376. Ship's Machinery.
(a) Cleaning, repairing, servicing and adjusting ships machinery shall be performed in accordance with Section 3314 of the General Industry Safety Orders.
(b) Deck Machinery.
(1) Anchor Machinery. Before work is performed on the anchor windlass or any of its attached accessories, the employer shall ensure that the following steps are taken:
(A) The devil claws shall be made fast to the anchor chains.
(B) The riding pawls shall be in the engaged position.
(C) In the absence of devil claws and riding pawls, the anchor chains shall be secured to a suitable fixed structure of the vessel.
(2) Other Deck Machinery. On other deck equipment the load shall be removed or the equipment secured and blocked, stopped or prevented in accordance with subsection (a) above before any work is performed on the equipment.
(c) Propulsion Machinery.
(1) Before work is performed on the main engine, reduction gear, or connecting accessories, the employer shall ensure that the following steps are taken:
(A) The jacking gear shall be engaged to revent the main engine from turning over. A sign shall be posted at the throttle indicating that the jacking gear is engaged. This sign shall not be removed until the jacking gear can be safely disengaged.
(B) If the jacking gear is steam driven, the stop valves to the jacking gear shall be secured, locked and tagged indicating that employees are working on the main engine.
(C) If the jacking gear is electrically driven, the circuit controlling the jacking gear shall be de-energized by tripping the circuit breaker, opening the switch or removing the fuse, whichever is appropriate. The breaker, switch, or fuse location shall be tagged indicating that employees are working on the main engine.
(2) Before the jacking engine is operated, means shall be taken to ensure that all employees, equipment, and tools are clear of the engine, reduction gear, and its connecting accessories, and the propeller.
(3) Before work is started on or in the immediate vicinity of the propeller, the throttles or main steam stops shall be wired or locked shut and a warning sign calling attention to the fact that employees are working in that area shall be hung in a conspicuous location in the engine room. This sign shall not be removed until it is determined that the work is completed and all employees are free of the propeller.
(4) Before the main engine is turned over (e.g., when warming up before departure or testing after an overhaul) means shall be taken to ensure that all employees, equipment, and tools are free of the propeller.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8377. Material Afloat.
Piling, shoring, timbering, and flotsam subject to the ebb and flow of the tide shall not be secured to slip staging, nor shall log booms secured to slip staging be used to confine it. Such material shall be removed from the water.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8378. Steam Supply and Hose.
(a) Steam hose and fittings shall have a factor of safety of at least five.
(b) When steam hose is hung in a bight or bights, the weight shall be relieved by appropriate lines.
(c) When hose may be subject to chafing, gear shall be provided to obviate such chafing.
(d) Steam hose shall not be bent at a radius of less than 5 feet which would result in kinking.
(e) Steam hose shall be shielded to prevent accidental personal contact, and shall be protected from damage.
(f) Prior to supplying a vessel with steam from a source outside the vessel, the employer shall ascertain from responsible vessel's representatives having knowledge of the condition of the plant, the safe working pressure of the vessel's steam system. The employer shall install a pressure gauge and a relief valve of proper size and capacity at the point where the temporary steam hose joins the vessel's steam piping system or systems. The relief valve shall be set and capable of relieving at a pressure not exceeding the safe working pressure of the vessel's system in its present condition, and there shall be no means of isolating the relief valve from the system which it protects. The pressure gauge and relief valve shall be located so as to be visible and readily accessible.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8379. Slings and Pendants.
(a) All sling and pendants shall comply with the provisions of Articles 96 and 101 of the General Industry Safety Orders and these Orders.
(b) (1) All slings and pendants shall be given a visual inspection before being used, and those found to be defective shall not be used.
(2) Chain slings and chain pendants shall be given a thorough inspection at intervals of not less than once every three months. This inspection should include examination of the links for stretch, wear, gouge marks, distortion, open welds, and surface characteristics.
(3) Broken chains shall not be spliced by means of a bolt and nut or by passing one link through another and inserting a bolt, nail, or any other device to hold it in place, nor shall the links be gas- or electric-welded.
(c) Spreaders or strongbacks shall be used when necessary to give good balance and weight distribution in loads.
(d) Wire rope slings and wire rope pendants shall be used in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer.
(e) Wire rope slings and wire rope pendants shall be used when handling plates or material on and off boats under construction. Lumber, lumber products, small bundles of pipe, and materials subject to damage by wire rope shall be handled by means of fiber rope.
(f) Material shall not be cradled in slings. Slings shall be used as chokers, and at least one round turn of each sling should be used around the load.
(g) Where practicable, thimbles shall be used in the eyes of wire rope slings and wire rope pendants.
(h) Loose ends of idle slings and pendants shall be temporarily secured when a load is being moved.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8380. Pendants -Two Required.
Plates over 50 square feet in area or 20 feet or more in length shall be handled by means of 2 pendants. Long plates which are liable to buckle shall be handled by means of spreaders or strongbacks.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8381. Handling Sections.
(a) A qualified person shall determine the safe rigging and lifting methods to be utilized before lifting a load.
(b) Loads (tools, equipment or other materials) shall not be swung or suspended over the heads of employees.
(c) Before loads or empty lifting gear are raised, lowered, or swung, clear and sufficient advance warning shall be given to employees in the vicinity of such operations.
(d) All fabricated sections of five tons and over shall have their weights marked on them in figures of such height that they will be readily legible from the crane cab.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8382. Handling Plates and Materials.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8383. Securing Material -Fastenings Required.
All shell plates, beams, frames, pre-assembled units, or other material, subject to falling or tipping shall be adequately secured before the slings or pendants are disconnected.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8384. Tools and Equipment.
(a) General.
(1) Hand lines, slings and tackles of adequate strength, or carriers such as tools bags with shoulder straps shall be provided and used to handle tools, materials, and equipment so that employees will have their hands free when using ships ladders and access ladders. The use of hose or electric cords for this purpose is prohibited.

(2) When air tools of the reciprocating type are not in use the dies and tools shall be removed.
(3) Devices used in fairing or evening plates at joints -and known as "fish tails," "jack clamps," or "flanging jacks" -when used in a vertical plane or at such an angle that there is a falling hazard, shall be secured by suitable means so that the device can not fall should it become loosened.
(b) Electric Power Tools.
(1) The employer shall notify the officer in charge of the vessel before using electric power tools operated with the vessel's current.
(2) Grounding circuits, other than by means of the structure of the vessel on which tightness immediately upon starting the engine, and any leaks shall be corrected at once.
(c) Internal Combustion Engines, Other Than Ship's Equipment.
(1) When internal combustion engines are used below decks, except on mobile equipment, the exhaust gases shall be piped to the outside atmosphere, clear of any ventilation intakes or openings, through which they might re-enter the vessel.
(2) All exhaust line joints and connections shall be checked for tightness immediately upon starting the engine, and any leaks shall be corrected at once.
(3) When internal combustion engines on vehicles, such as forklifts and mobile cranes, exhaust into the atmosphere below decks, the competent person shall monitor the carbon monoxide content of the atmosphere to ensure that dangerous concentrations do not develop. Employees shall be removed from the compartment involved when the carbon monoxide concentration exceeds 50 parts per million (0.005%). Blowers sufficient in size and number shall be used, so arranged as to maintain the concentration below this allowable limit before work is resumed.
(d) Infrared electrical heat lamps. All infrared heat lamps shall be equipped with guards that surround the lamps with the exception of the face, to minimize accidental contact with the lamps.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8385. Service Lines.
Service lines shall be kept available in the toolroom or elsewhere for use by employees at ladders for hoisting and lowering tools and material, and employees shall use such lines.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8386. Storage Batteries -Submarines.
(a) When installing batteries or when battery deck is up, no other work shall be undertaken or carried on until battery deck is in place.
(b) Batteries shall not be charged aboard the boat unless the battery ventilating system is coupled up and working, discharging outside of boat. If this is not possible, the compartment shall be ventilated by a blower located on deck, and discharging free from the boat.
(c) The ventilating systems shall be run at full speed for at least one-half hour after completion of a charge.
(d) During charging of batteries, frequent tests shall be made of the air in the battery exhaust trunk for the presence of hydrogen. Not over 3 percent of hydrogen gas shall be permitted to exist at any time in this trunk.
(e) Open lights shall not be allowed in the battery compartment during charging and for 1 hour after finishing. Explosion-proof type of portable lights shall be used if ship's lighting is not available.
(f) When battery deck is up, no hot work or work requiring open lights shall be undertaken until battery ventilating system has been running for one-half hour and the supervisor directly responsible has given written orders for work to proceed.
(g) One or more carbon dioxide-type fire extinguishers rated 10-B:C or larger shall be placed in each battery compartment as soon as the installation of the batteries has begun.
(h) All cells shall be kept sealed from time of starting installation until an adequate or equivalent ventilating system is operating.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8387. Life Rings, Life Lines, and Safety Belts.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8388. Prefabrication Areas.
The space between all rails, beams, or skids of all prefabrication or sub-assembly decks, skids, or open platform shall be closed or filled in to prevent employees from falling through.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8389. Assemblies -Stacking.
(a) Prefabricated or sub-assembled sections shall not be piled or stacked in such a manner as to be a hazard.
(b) The outside edges of assemblies being worked upon and piled higher than 8 feet shall be protected by standard guardrails or other material or method which will provide equivalent protection.
(c) Secured ladders, suitable stairs, or ramps shall be provided as a means of access to such stacked assemblies.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8390. Fueling of Ships.
When fuel is being transferred on or off ships, no burning, welding, or open flames shall be allowed in the vicinity, and a watch shall be maintained.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8391. Housekeeping.
(a) Good housekeeping conditions shall be maintained. Adequate aisles and passageways shall be maintained in all work areas. All staging platforms, ramps, stairways, walkways, aisles, and passageways shall be kept reasonably clear of all tools, materials, and equipment except that which is in use, and of all debris such as welding rod tips, bolts, nuts, and similar material. Hose and electric conductors shall be elevated over or placed under the walkway or working surfaces or covered by adequate cross-over structures.
(b) All working areas on vessels and dry docks shall be kept reasonably free of debris, and construction material shall be so piled as not to present a hazard to employees.
(c) Slippery conditions on walkways or working surfaces shall be eliminated as they occur.
(d) Free access shall be maintained at all times to all exits and to all fire-alarm boxes or fire-extinguishing equipment.
(e) All oils, paints, thinners, solvents, waste, rags, or other flammable substances shall be kept in fire-resistant covered containers when not in use.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8391.3. Illumination.
(a) Temporary lights shall be equipped with heavy-duty electric cords with connections and insulation maintained in safe condition. Temporary lights shall not be suspended by their electric cords unless cords and lights are designed for this means of suspension. Splices which have insulation equal to that of the cable are permitted.
(b) Where temporary lighting from sources outside the vessel is the only means of illumination, portable emergency lighting equipment shall be available to provide illumination for safe movement of employees.
(c) Temporary lighting stringers or streamers shall be so arranged as to avoid overloading of branch circuits. Each branch circuit shall be equipped with overcurrent protection of capacity not exceeding the rated current-carrying capacity of the cord used.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8392. Other Applicable Provisions.
The provisions in the General Industry Safety Orders concerning arc welding and cutting shall apply to all conditions and exposures not specifically covered by these orders.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8393. Manifolds and Hose Connections.
(a) Fuel gas and oxygen manifolds shall be placed in safe and accessible locations in the open air. They shall not be located within enclosed spaces.
(b) Manifold hose connections shall be such that hose cannot be interchanged between manifolds carrying different substances.
(c) The use of adaptors to permit the interchange of hose is prohibited.
(d) Hose connections shall be kept free of grease and oil.
(e) All air cocks used at hose connections on compressed air lines shall be of the self-bleeding type.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8394. Hose.
(a)(1) All hose carrying acetylene, oxygen, natural or manufactured fuel gas, or any gas or substance which may ignite or enter into combustion or be in any way harmful to employees shall be inspected by the user at the beginning of each shift, or if its use is infrequent or intermittent and the intervals of use are separated by periods of time equal in length to one day or more, they shall be inspected each time used.
(2) Defective hose or hose in doubtful condition shall be discarded or repaired. Such hose shall, if repair is impracticable in the field, be returned to the proper department for testing and repair.
(3) Defective hose shall not be issued to employees.
(4) Hose shall be tested for leaks under water at 150 percent of its working pressure.
(b) The use of hose couplings that can be unlocked or disconnected by means of a straight pull without rotary motion is forbidden.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8395. Fuel Gas Cylinders.
(a)(1) Acetylene cylinders shall not be taken below the main deck into the deck houses or confined spaces aboard ship.
(2) If a fuel gas cylinder is found to leak at a fuse plug or other safety device, or at valves or fittings which cannot be stopped by closing the valve, it shall be properly tagged and removed from the vessel.
Note: If a regulator attached to a cylinder valve will effectively stop a leak through the valve seat, the cylinder need not be removed from the vessel.
(b) Welding, Cutting and Heating of Coated Metals.
(1) Before welding, cutting or heating is commenced on any surface covered by a preservative coating of unknown flammability and toxicity, a test shall be made to determine its flammability and toxicity.
(2) Precautions shall be taken to prevent ignition of highly flammable hardened preservative coatings and when coatings are determined to be highly flammable, they shall be stripped from the area to be heated to prevent ignition.
(3) In enclosed spaces, all surfaces covered with toxic preservatives, including coatings which generate toxic substances upon heating, shall be stripped for a distance of at least four (4) inches from the area of heat application, or employees shall be required to use supplied-air respirators in accordance with Section 5144 of the General Industry Safety Orders or the provisions of Section 5150(b) and (c) of the General Industry Safety Orders shall apply.
(4) Flame or heat shall not be used to remove soft and greasy preservative coatings.
(c) Welding, Cutting and Heating of Coated Metals in Enclosed Spaces.
(1) Before welding, cutting, or heating is commenced in enclosed spaces on metals covered by soft and greasy preservatives, the following precautions shall be taken:
(A) A designated competent person shall test the atmosphere in the space to ensure that it does not contain explosive vapors in excess of 10 percent of the Lower Explosive Limit. If the concentration exceeds 10 percent of the Lower Explosive Limit, the requirement of Section 8355(c)(3) shall apply.
(B) The preservative coatings shall be removed for a sufficient distance from the area to be heated to ensure that the temperature of the unstripped metal will not be appreciably raised. Artificial cooling of the metal surrounding the heated area may be used to limit the size of the area required to be cleaned.
(2) Immediately after welding, cutting or heating is commenced in enclosed spaces on metal covered by soft and greasy preservatives, and at frequent intervals thereafter, a competent person shall make tests to ensure that no flammable vapors are being produced by the coatings. If such vapors are determined to be present, the operation shall be stopped immediately and shall not be resumed until such additional precautions have been taken as are necessary to ensure that the operation can be resumed safely.
(d) Welding, Cutting and Heating of Hollow-Metal Containers and Structures.
(1) Drums, containers, or hollow structures which have contained flammable substances shall, before welding, cutting or heating is undertaken on them, either be filled with water or thoroughly cleaned of such substances and ventilated and tested.
(2) Before heat is applied to a drum, container, or hollow structure, a vent or opening shall be provided for the release of any built-up pressure during the application of heat.
(3) Before welding, cutting, heating or brazing is begun on structural voids such as skegs, bilge keels, fair waters, masts, booms, support stanchions, pipe stanchions, or railings, a competent person shall inspect the object and, if necessary, test it for the presence of flammable liquids or vapors. If flammable liquids or vapors are present, the requirements of (1) of this section shall apply.
(4) Objects such as those listed in paragraph (3) of this section shall also be inspected to determine whether water or other nonflammable liquids are present which, when heated, would build up excessive pressure. If such liquids are determined to be present, the object shall be vented, cooled, or otherwise made safe during the application of heat.
(5) Jacketed vessels shall be vented before and during welding, cutting or heating operations in order to release any pressure which may build up during the application of heat.
(e) Arc Welder Ground Return Circuit.
Structures or pipe lines, except pipe lines containing flammable gases or liquids or conduits containing electrical circuits, shall be permitted to be used as part of the ground return circuit of arc welding or cutting units provided that the pipe or structure has a current-carrying capacity equal to or exceeding the total specified maximum output capacities of all the units which it services.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8396. Scope.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8397. Fire Prevention.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor code.




s 8397.1. Uses of Fissionable Material.
(a) In ship repair and related activities involving the use of and exposure to sources of ionizing radiation not only on conventionally powered but also on nuclear powered vessels, the applicable provisions of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission's Standards for Protection Against Radiation (10 CFR Part 20), relating to protection against occupational radiation exposure, shall apply.
(b) Any activity which involves the use of radioactive material, whether or not under license from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, shall be performed by competent persons specially trained in the proper and safe operation of such equipment. In the case of materials used under Commission license, only persons actually licensed, or competent persons under direction and supervision of the licensee, shall perform such work.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8397.2. Electric Power.
(a) When the vessel is supplied with electric power from a source outside the vessel, the following precautions shall be taken prior to energizing the vessel's circuits:
(1) If in dry dock, the vessel shall be adequately grounded.
(2) The employer shall ascertain from responsible vessel's representatives, having a knowledge of the condition of the vessel's electrical system, that all circuits to be energized are in a safe condition.
(3) All circuits to be energized shall be equipped with overcurrent protection of capacity not exceeding the rated current carrying capacity of the cord used.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8397.3. Work in or on Lifeboats.
(a) Before employees are permitted to work in or on a lifeboat, either stowed or in a suspended position, the employer shall ensure that the boat is secured independently of the releasing gear to prevent the boat from falling due to accidental tripping of there leasing gear and movement of the davits or capsizing of a boat in chocks.
(b) Employees shall not be permitted to remain in boats while the boats are being hoisted into final stowed position.
(c) Employees shall not be permitted to work on the outboard side of lifeboats stowed on their chocks unless the boats are secured by gripes or otherwise secured to prevent them from swinging outboard.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8397.4. Health and Sanitation.
(a) The employer shall provide adequate washing facilities for employees engaged in the application of paints or coatings or in other operations where contaminants can, by ingestion or absorption, be detrimental to the health of the employees. The employer shall encourage good personal hygiene practices by informing the employees of the need for removing surface contaminants by thorough washing of hands and face prior to eating or smoking.
(b) The employer shall not permit employees to eat or smoke in areas undergoing surface preparation or preservation or where shipbreaking operations produce atmospheric contaminants.
(c) The employer shall not permit employees to work in the immediate vicinity of uncovered garbage and shall ensure that employees working beneath or on the outboard side of a vessel are not subject to contamination by drainage or waste from overboard discharges.
(d) No minor under 18 years of age shall be employed in shipbreaking or related employments.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8397.5. Radar and Radio.
(a) No employees other than radar or radio technicians shall be permitted to work on masts, king posts or other aloft areas unless the radar and radio are secured or otherwise made incapable of producing radiation. In either event, the radio and radar shall be appropriately tagged.
(b) Testing of radar or radio shall not be done until the employer can schedule such tests at a time when no work is in progress aloft personnel can be cleared from the danger area according to minimum safe distances established for a based on the type, model, and power of the equipment.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8397.6. Uses of Fissionable Material in Shipbuilding.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8397.7. Utilities.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8397.8. Work in or on Lifeboats.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8397.9. Health and Sanitation.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8397.10. Fire Protection.
(a) Multi-employer worksites.
(1) Host employer responsibilities. The host employer's responsibilities are to:
(A) Inform all employers at the worksite about the content of the fire safety plan including hazards, controls, fire safety and health rules, and emergency procedures;

(B) Make sure the safety and health responsibilities for fire protection are assigned as appropriate to other employers at the worksite; and
(C) If there is more than one host employer, each host employer shall communicate relevant information about fire-related hazards to other host employers. When a vessel owner or operator (temporarily) becomes a host shipyard employer by directing the work of ships' crews on repair or modification of the vessel or by hiring other contractors directly, the vessel owner or operator shall also comply with these provisions for host employers.
(b) Contract employer responsibilities.
(1) The contract employer's responsibilities are to:
(A) Make sure that the host employer knows about the fire-related hazards associated with the contract employer's work and what the contract employer is doing to address them; and
(B) Advise the host employer of any previously unidentified fire-related hazards that the contract employer identifies at the worksite.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8397.11. Fire Safety Plan.
(a) Employer responsibilities. The employer shall develop and implement a written fire safety plan that covers all the actions that employers and employees shall take to ensure employee safety in the event of a fire.
(b) Plan elements. The employer shall include the following information in the fire safety plan:
(1) Identification of the significant fire hazards;

(2) Procedures for recognizing and reporting unsafe conditions;
(3) Alarm procedures;
(4) Procedures for notifying employees of a fire emergency;
(5) Procedures for notifying fire response organizations of a fire emergency;
(6) Procedures for evacuation;
(7) Procedures to account for all employees after an evacuation; and
(8) Names, job titles, or departments for individuals who can be contacted for further information about the plan.
(c) Reviewing the plan with employees. The employer shall review the plan with each employee at the following times:
(1) Within 90 days of March 17, 2005, for employees who are currently working;

(2) Upon initial assignment for new employees; and
(3) When the actions the employee shall take under the plan change because of a change in duties or a change in the plan.
(d) Additional employer requirements. The employer also shall:
(1) Keep the plan accessible to employees, employee representatives, and the Division;
(2) Review and update the plan whenever necessary, but at least annually;
(3) Document that affected employees have been informed about the plan as required by subsection (c) of this section; and
(4) Ensure any outside fire response organization that the employer expects to respond to fires at the employer's worksite has been given a copy of the current plan.
(e) Contract employers. Contract employers in shipyard employment shall have a fire safety plan for their employees, and this plan shall comply with the host employer's fire safety plan.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.




s 8397.12. Fire Response.
(a) Employer responsibilities. The employer shall:
(1) Decide what type of response will be provided and who will provide it; and
(2) Create, maintain, and update a written policy that:
(A) Describes the internal and outside fire response organizations that the employer will use; and

(B) Defines what evacuation procedures employees shall follow, if the employer chooses to require a total or partial evacuation of the worksite at the time of a fire.
(b) Required written policy information.
(1) Internal fire response. If an internal fire response is to be used, the employer shall include the following information in the employer's written policy:
(A) The basic structure of the fire response organization;
(B) The number of trained fire response employees;
(C) The fire response functions that may need to be carried out;
(D) The minimum number of fire response employees necessary, the number and types of apparatuses, and a description of the fire suppression operations established by written standard operating procedures for each type of fire response at the employer's facility;

(E) The type, amount, and frequency of training that shall be given to fire response employees; and
(F) The procedures for using protective clothing and equipment.
(2) Outside fire response. If an outside fire response organization is used, the employer shall include the following information in the written policy:
(A) The types of fire suppression incidents to which the fire response organization is expected to respond at the employer's facility or worksite;
(B) The liaisons between the employer and the outside fire response organizations; and
(C) A plan for fire response functions that:
1. Addresses procedures for obtaining assistance from the outside fire response organization;
2. Familiarizes the outside fire response organization with the layout of the employer's facility or worksite, including access routes to controlled areas, and site-specific operations, occupancies, vessels or vessel sections, and hazards; and,
3. Sets forth how hose and coupling connection threads are to be made compatible and includes where the adapter couplings are kept; or
4. States that the employer will not allow the use of incompatible hose connections.
(3) A combination of internal and outside fire response. If a combination of internal and outside fire response is to be used, the employer shall include the following information, in addition to the requirements in subsections (b)(1) and (2) of this section, in the written policy:
(A) The basic organizational structure of the combined fire response;
(B) The number of combined trained fire responders;
(C) The fire response functions that may need to be carried out;

(D) The minimum number of fire response employees necessary, the number and types of apparatuses, and a description of the fire suppression operations established by written standard operating procedures for each particular type of fire response at the worksite; and
(E) The type, amount, and frequency of joint training with outside fire response organizations if given to fire response employees.
(4) Employee evacuation. The employer shall include the following information in the employer's written policy:
(A) Emergency escape procedures;
(B) Procedures to be followed by employees who may remain longer at the worksite to perform critical shipyard employment operations during the evacuation;
(C) Procedures to account for all employees after emergency evacuation is completed;
(D) The preferred means of reporting fires and other emergencies; and

(E) Names or job titles of the employees or departments to be contacted for further information or explanation of duties.
(5) Rescue and emergency response. The employer shall include the following information in the employer's written policy: (continued)