Loading (50 kb)...'
(continued)
(o) Steering knobs shall not be used unless the truck is equipped with power steering.
(p) When cargo is being towed on pipe trucks or similar equipment, a safe means shall be provided to protect the driver from sliding loads.
(q) Counterweights shall be so affixed that they cannot be accidentally dislodged.
(r) Forks, fork extensions and other attachments shall be secured so that they cannot be inadvertently dislodged, and shall be used only in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
(s) Industrial trucks and tow tractors shall be operated in a safe manner in accordance with the following operating rules:
(1) Only drivers authorized by the employer and trained in the safe operations of industrial trucks or industrial tow tractors pursuant to Section 3668 shall be permitted to operate such vehicles.
(2) Stunt driving and horseplay are prohibited.
(3) No riders shall be permitted on vehicles unless provided with adequate riding facilities.
(4) Employees shall not ride on the forks of lift trucks.
(5) Employees shall not place any part of their bodies outside the running lines of an industrial truck or between mast uprights or other parts of the truck where shear or crushing hazards exist.
(6) Employees shall not be allowed to stand, pass, or work under the elevated portion of any industrial truck, loaded or empty, unless it is effectively blocked to prevent it from falling.
(7) Drivers shall check the vehicle at the beginning of each shift, and if it is found to be unsafe, the matter shall be reported immediately to a foreman or mechanic, and the vehicle shall not be put in service again until it has been made safe. Attention shall be given to the proper functioning of tires, horn, lights, battery, controller, brakes, steering mechanism, cooling system, and the lift system for fork lifts (forks, chains, cable, and limit switches).
(8) No truck shall be operated with a leak in the fuel system.
(9) Vehicles shall not exceed the authorized or safe speed, always maintaining a safe distance from other vehicles, keeping the truck under positive control at all times and all established traffic regulations shall be observed. For trucks traveling in the same direction, a safe distance may be considered to be approximately 3 truck lengths or preferably a time lapse -3 seconds -passing the same point.
(10) Trucks traveling in the same direction shall not be passed at intersections, blind spots, or dangerous locations.
(11) The driver shall slow down and sound the horn at cross aisles and other locations where vision is obstructed. If the load being carried obstructs forward view, the driver shall be required to travel with the load trailing.
(12) Operators shall look in the direction of travel and shall not move a vehicle until certain that all persons are in the clear.
(13) Trucks shall not be driven up to anyone standing in front of a bench or other fixed object of such size that the person could be caught between the truck and object.
(14) Grades shall be ascended or descended slowly.
(A) When ascending or descending grades in excess of 10 percent, loaded trucks shall be driven with the load upgrade.
(B) On all grades the load and load engaging means shall be tilted back if applicable, and raised only as far as necessary to clear the road surface.
(C) Motorized hand and hand/rider trucks shall be operated on all grades with the load-engaging means downgrade.
(15) The forks shall always be carried as low as possible, consistent with safe operations.
(16) When leaving a vehicle unattended (the operator is over 25 feet (7.6 meters) from or out of sight of the industrial truck), the brakes are set, the mast is brought to the vertical position, and forks are left in the down position, either:
(A) The power shall be shut off and, when left on an incline, the wheels shall be blocked; or
(B) The power may remain on provided the wheels are blocked, front and rear.
(17) When the operator of an industrial truck is dismounted and within 25 feet (7.6 meters) of the truck which remains in the operator's view, the load engaging means shall be fully lowered, controls placed in neutral, and the brakes set to prevent movement.
Exception: Forks on fork-equipped industrial trucks may be in the raised position for loading and unloading if the forks are raised no more than 42 inches above the level where the operator/loaders are standing, and the power is shut off, controls placed in neutral and the brakes set. If on an incline, the wheels shall be blocked.
(18) Vehicles shall not be run onto any elevator unless the driver is specifically authorized to do so. Before entering an elevator, the driver shall determine that the capacity of the elevator will not be exceeded. Once on an elevator, the industrial truck's power shall be shut off and the brakes set.
(19) Motorized hand trucks shall enter elevators or other confined areas with the load end forward.
(20) Vehicles shall not be operated on floors, sidewalk doors, or platforms that will not safely support the loaded vehicle.
(21) Prior to driving onto trucks, trailers and railroad cars, their flooring shall be checked for breaks and other structural weaknesses.
(22) Vehicles shall not be driven in and out of highway trucks and trailers at loading docks until such trucks or trailers are securely blocked or restrained and the brakes set.
(23) To prevent railroad cars from moving during loading or unloading operations, the car brakes shall be set, wheel chocks or other recognized positive stops used, and blue flags or lights displayed in accordance with applicable regulations promulgated by the Public Utilities Commission.
(24) The width of one tire on the powered industrial truck shall be the minimum distance maintained from the edge by the truck while it is on any elevated dock, platform, freight car or truck.
(25) Railroad tracks shall be crossed diagonally, wherever possible. Parking closer than 8 1/2 feet from the centerline of railroad tracks is prohibited.
(26) Trucks shall not be loaded in excess of their rated capacity.
(27) A loaded vehicle shall not be moved until the load is safe and secure.
(28) Extreme care shall be taken when tilting loads. Tilting forward with the load engaging means elevated shall be prohibited except when picking up a load. Elevated loads shall not be tilted forward except when the load is being deposited onto a storage rack or equivalent. When stacking or tiering, backward tilt shall be limited to that necessary to stabilize the load.
(29) The load engaging device shall be placed in such a manner that the load will be securely held or supported.
(30) Special precautions shall be taken in the securing and handling of loads by trucks equipped with attachments, and during the operation of these trucks after the loads have been removed.
(31) When powered industrial trucks are used to open and close doors, the following provisions shall be complied with:
(A) A device specifically designed for opening or closing doors shall be attached to the truck.
(B) The force applied by the device to the door shall be applied parallel to the direction of travel of the door.
(C) The entire door opening operation shall be in full view of the operator.
(D) The truck operator and other employees shall be clear of the area where the door might fall while being opened.
(32) If loads are lifted by two or more trucks working in unison, the total weight of the load shall not exceed the combined rated lifting capacity of all trucks involved.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3651. Agricultural and Industrial Tractors.
(a) All agricultural and industrial tractors manufactured after October 25, 1976 (except industrial tow tractors), shall be equipped with rollover protective structures (ROPS) when operated by an employee. Exceptions:
1. "Low profile" tractors while used in orchards, vineyards, or hop yards or inside a farm building or greenhouse in which the vertical clearance is insufficient to allow a ROPS equipped tractor to operate, and while their use is incidental to the work performed therein.
2. Tractors while used with mounted equipment that is incompatible with ROPS (e.g. cornpickers, cotton strippers, vegetable pickers and fruit harvesters).
3. Tractors, when operated as stationary power and pumping units, and while their use is incidental to such stationary operations. Note:The terms "incidental to the work" or "incidental to," used in the exceptions above, shall mean the necessary additional work required to perform or complete the intended work within the exempted work area (such as, fueling, repairing, maintenance, travel to and from the exempted work area, etc.).
(b) Where a recognized hazard exists, operator protection from falling or rolling objects shall be provided by either ROPS or other independent means compatible with the use of ROPS.
(c) ROPS used on wheel-type agricultural tractors shall meet the applicable test and performance requirements of ASAE S310.3 and S383. ROPS used on track-type agricultural tractors and all industrial tractors shall meet the test and performance requirements of SAE J1040.Exceptions:
1. ROPS bearing a label with a California State Approval Number and installed on the specified tractor for which the approval was granted. Approvals issued prior to the effective date of these orders shall remain in effect unless revoked by the Division for cause.
2. ROPS designed by a registered professional civil, mechanical, or structural engineer based on appropriate ASAE Standards, SAE Recommended Practices or equivalent, which are substantiated by detailed structural analysis calculations.
3. ROPS bearing a label specifying compliance with Federal OSHA Section 1928.51 or 1926.1000.
4. ROPS designed and tested to the requirements of ASAE S305.3, ASAE S306.3, ASAE S336.1, SAE J168a, SAE J333b or SAE J334b or SAE 1194 and installed prior to the effective date of these orders.
(d) Each ROPS shall bear a label with the following information:
(1) Manufacturer's or fabricator's name and address;
(2) ROPS model number, if any;
(3) Tractor makes, models, or series numbers that the structure is designed to fit;
(4) A statement of compliance with the appropriate ASAE Standard or SAE Recommended Practice;
Labels shall be stamped plates or other permanently attached means of identification, and shall not be obscured, obliterated, or changed.
(e) All sharp edges and corners at the operator's station shall be appropriately treated to minimize operator injury in the event of upset.
(f) Batteries, fuel tanks, oil reservoirs, and coolant systems shall be constructed and located or sealed to assure that spillage will not occur which might be harmful to the operator in the event of an upset.
(g) Where ROPS are removed for any reason, they shall be remounted in accordance with the provisions of Section 3651.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3652. Haulage Vehicles and Earthmoving Equipment.
s 3653. Seat Belts.
(a) Seat belt assemblies conforming to SAE J386 JUN85, Operator Restraint Systems For Off-Road Work Machines, hereby incorporated by reference shall be provided on all equipment where rollover protection is installed and employees shall be instructed in their use.
(b) Where a suspended seat is used, the seat belt shall be fastened to the movable portion of the seat to accommodate ride motion of the operator.
(c) The seat belt anchorage shall be capable of withstanding a static tensile load of 1,000 pounds (453.6 kg) at 45 degrees to the horizontal equally divided between the anchorage. The seat mounting shall be capable of withstanding this load plus a load equal to 4 times the weight of all applicable seat components applied 45 degrees to the horizontal in a forward and upward direction. In addition, the seat mounting shall be capable of withstanding 500 pounds (226.8 kg) belt load plus 2 times the weight of all applicable seat components both applied at 45 degrees to the horizontal in an upward and rearward direction. Floor and seat deformation is acceptable providing there is no structural failure or release of the seat adjuster mechanism or other locking device. The seat adjuster or locking device need not be operable after application of the test load.
(d) The webbing material shall have a resistance to acids, alkalies, mildew, aging, moisture, and sunlight equal to or better than that of untreated polyester fiber.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3654. Deflector Guards.
(a) Where vehicles are equipped with rollover protective structures and are subjected to the hazard of falling trees, brush, or the breaking of tow lines or winch cables, provision shall be made to protect against such hazards by means of:
(1) Shear or brush deflector guards extending from the leading edge of the ROPS to the front part of the frame of the vehicle or radiator guard or equivalent operator protection.
(2) Breaking line guards consisting of adequately supported 1/4-inch woven wire screens having not less than 1 1/2 inch nor more than 2-inch mesh (or equivalent) shall be located between the lines and the operator.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3655. Overhead Guards for High-Lift Rider Trucks.
(a) Except as permitted in Section 3655 (b) new high-lift rider industrial trucks purchased after the effective date of this order shall be equipped with overhead guards which meet the design and construction requirements of Part II, ANSI B56.1-1975, Safety Standards For Powered Industrial Trucks.
(b) Every high-lift rider truck shall be fitted with an overhead guard manufactured in accordance with this section unless the following conditions are met:
(1) The vertical movement of the lifting mechanism is restricted to a maximum elevation of 72," or the truck will operate in an area where the bottom of the top tiered load is not higher than 72 " and the top is not more than 120 " from the ground when tiered; and
(2) The operator is protected from all overhead hazards other than falling loads.
(c) Except as permitted in Sections 3655 (b) and (d), all high-lift rider industrial trucks purchased before the effective date of these orders, shall have overhead guards of strength adequate to support impact test loads as specified in Part II, ANSI B56.1-1975.
(d) Structural members of individually designed and constructed overhead guards installed on equipment prior to 1975 and not tested as required by Part II, ANSI B56.1-1975, shall be constructed in accordance with the following table or with materials of equivalent strength:
TABLE IT-2
Round Pipe ..... Square tube (CRS)
__________________ ___________________
Rated Truck ..................... (X ...... (XX ..... (3/16" (1/4"
Capacity .............. (Std.) .. heavy) .. heavy) .. wall) wall)
3,000 and Under........ 1 1/2" .. 1 1/4" .. - ....... 1 1/4" -
3,001 to 5,000......... 2" ...... 1 1/2" .. - ....... 1 1/2" -
5,001 to 8,000......... 2 1/2" .. 2" ...... 1 1/2" .. 2"
8,001 to 14,000........ 3" ...... 2 1/2" .. 2" ...... 3" 2 1/2"
14,001 to 25,000....... - ....... 3 1/2" .. 3" ...... 3 1/2" 3"
25,001 and over........ - ....... 4" ...... - ....... 4" 3 1/2"
The construction of canopy guards which are built in compliance with this paragraph shall be based on the strength of 4 upright members. Guards constructed with less than 4 upright members shall be of equivalent strength. Canopy-type overhead guard frames shall be braced to overhead members on each side of the frame to provide structural rigidity both longitudinally and transversely.
Plate IT-1
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3656. Order Pickers and Stock Pickers.
(a) When the operator's platform height exceeds 36', the maximum horizontal speed shall not exceed 2.5 miles/hr. (1.12 meters/sec).
(b) Trucks shall not travel when the operator's platform is elevated over 152' in height (3.86 meters).
Exceptions :
1. Trucks designed to travel within rails or trucks that are electronically guided.
2. Trucks controlled by a constant pressure inching button which will return to neutral when released by the operator.
(c) A flashing or rotating warning light shall be mounted on the nonelevating portion of the truck at not less than 4 feet nor more than 6 feet elevation and shall be so wired that the light will be activated automatically when the platform is 6 feet or higher and the truck is moved.
(d) A safe work platform not less than 20 inches wide with standard guardrails on all open or exposed sides of the platform shall be securely attached to the lifting carriage and/or forks.
(e) Where a clearance restriction or the nature of the work prohibits the use of standard guardrails, and the employee is exposed to a fall of 4 feet or more, a personal fall arrest system, a personal fall restraint system or positioning device system as defined in Section 3207 of these Orders shall be used in accordance with the requirements of Section 1670 of the Construction Safety Orders as an alternative means of protecting employees from falling. The lanyard length for a personal fall arrest system shall be such that the operator has freedom of movement in the working area, but shall be rigged such that an employee can neither free fall more than 4 feet nor contact any lower level. Lanyards shall be so arranged as not to cause a condition where the operator could trip on the lanyard.
(f) Where only stock pickers, order pickers or side loaders are used in storage access aisles (as defined in section 3207), means such as guide rails, electronic guidance systems, or other means offering equivalent protection, shall be provided to prevent the vehicle from colliding with the storage racks or stored material.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3657. Elevating Employees with Lift Trucks.
(a) Employees shall not be elevated using an industrial truck unless the following conditions are met:
(1) The platform shall be of sufficient size, but not less than 24"x 24"(.61 meters x .61 meters) to accommodate the employee and material being elevated.
(2) The platform shall be secured to the forks or mast to prevent tipping, slipping or falling.
(3) The platform shall meet the guardrail and toeboard requirements of section 3210.
(4) The platform floor shall have no spaces or holes greater than one inch; and
(5) The platform floor shall have a slip resistant surface.
(6) Lift trucks used to elevate employees after the effective date of this subsection shall be equipped with a means to prevent the raised platform form lowering at a rate in excess of 135 feet per minute in case of a failure in the load supporting hydraulic control circuits.
(b) Where a clearance restriction or the nature of the work prohibits the use of guardrails, a safety belt, or harness, with lanyard shall be used as described in section 3656(e).
(c) Wherever the truck is operated under conditions which expose the operator to danger from falling objects, the truck shall be equipped with overhead protection.
(d) There shall be an operator in the control position on the truck while employees are on the elevated platform.
(e) Whenever a truck is equipped with vertical only, or vertical and horizontal controls elevatable with the lifting carriage or forks, means shall be provided whereby personnel on the platform can shut off the motive power of the truck.
(f) Means shall be provided to render inoperative all operating controls other than those on the elevatable platform when the controls on the elevatable platform have been selected for use. Only one location of controls shall be capable of being operated at one time.
(g) All bridge cranes or other moving or motorized equipment which could overrun or otherwise injure the elevated worker shall be shut down or locked out.
(h) Employees shall not sit, climb or stand on the platform guardrails or use planks, ladders or other devices to gain elevation.
(i) Operating Rules Whenever Elevating Personnel. Before elevating personnel, employees shall be instructed to:
(1) Use a securely attached safety platform.
(2) Make sure the lifting mechanism is operating smoothly.
(3) Make sure that the mast is vertical. The mast shall not be tilted forward or rearward while persons are elevated.
(4) Place truck in neutral and set parking brake.
(5) Lift and lower smoothly and with caution.
(6) Watch for overhead obstructions.
(7) Keep hands and feet clear of controls other than those in use.
(8) Never travel with personnel on the work platform other than to make minor movements for final positioning of the platform.
(9) Never sit, climb or stand on the platform guardrails or use planks, ladders or other devices to gain elevation.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3658. Operator Platforms.
(a) Every end control, reach, narrow aisle and motorized hand/rider truck shall be equipped with an operator platform of sufficient size to contain the operator's feet within its periphery and strong enough to withstand a compression load equal to the weight of the loaded truck applied longitudinally against a flat vertical surface.
(b) When installed, operator enclosures shall not restrict movement to and from the operating position.
Note: Operator enclosures are not recommended on hand/rider trucks because of interference with the steering handle and with rapid and unobstructed egress.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3659. Back Guards.
(a) The side of the platform nearest the mast frame truss shall be guarded on every high-lift industrial truck where employees ride up or down. This guard shall consist of a substantial frame covered with 1 /2 inch expanded metal, laminated safety glass, or equivalent providing effective guarding to a height of 7 feet.
(b) If the type of load presents a hazard, high-lift industrial trucks shall be equipped with a load backrest extension high enough to reach above the center of the top row of the maximum height load handled or other positive means acceptable to the Division shall be used to prevent parts of the load falling onto the operator or into the operator's compartment. The openings shall not be greater than the smallest parcel carried.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3660. Rated Capacity.
(a) The rated capacity of all industrial lift trucks and industrial tractors shall be displayed at all times on the vehicle in such a manner that it is readily visible to the operator.
(b) Industrial lift trucks and industrial tractors equipped with forks shall not be loaded beyond their designated capacity.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3661. Brakes and Warning Devices.
(a) Every industrial truck and tractor shall be equipped with brakes or other effective devices adequate to bring the vehicle to a complete safe stop while fully loaded.
(b) Every industrial truck and tractor shall be equipped with a parking brake or other effective device to prevent the vehicle moving when unattended.
(c) Every industrial truck and industrial tow tractor, except those guided or controlled by a walking operator, shall be equipped with a warning horn, whistle, gong, or other device which can be heard clearly above the normal industrial noises in the places of employment.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3662. Internal Combustion Engines.
Internal combustion engine-driven equipment shall be operated inside of buildings or enclosed structures, only when such operation does not result in harmful exposure to concentrations of dangerous gases or fumes. (See Section 5146.)
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3663. Maintenance of Industrial Trucks.
(a) Industrial truck repair operations involving open flames or which may produce sparks or other sources of ignition shall not be performed in Class I, II and III locations, unless and until tests show that atmospheric concentrations of flammable or combustible vapors do not exceed 20 percent L.E.L. of such flammable or combustible materials and until precautions are taken to maintain the atmosphere at or below 20 percent L.E.L. Such precautions could include, but not be limited to removal of flammable material, provision for adequate ventilation, etc.
(b) Water mufflers shall be filled daily or as frequently as is necessary to prevent depletion of the supply of water below 75 percent of the filled capacity. Vehicles with mufflers having screens or other parts that may become clogged shall not be operated while such screens or parts are clogged. Any vehicle that emits hazardous sparks or flames from the exhaust system shall immediately be removed from service, and not returned to service until the cause for the emission of such sparks and flames has been eliminated.
(c) Industrial trucks shall be kept in a clean condition free of debris, oil, and grease.
(d) Batteries on all powered trucks shall be disconnected during repairs to the primary electrical system unless power is necessary for testing and repair. On trucks equipped with systems capable of storing residual energy, that energy shall be safely discharged before work on the primary electrical system begins.
(e) All replacement parts for industrial trucks shall be equivalent in safety to the original parts.
(f) Those repairs to the fuel and ignition systems of industrial trucks which involve fire hazards shall be conducted only in locations designated as safe for such repairs.
(g) Industrial trucks shall not be altered so that the relative positions of the various parts are different from what they were when originally received from the manufacturer, nor shall they be altered either by the addition of extra parts not provided by the manufacturer or by the elimination of any parts, except as provided in subsection (h) of this Section. Additional counterweighting of fork trucks shall not be done unless approved by the truck manufacturer.
(h) Industrial trucks originally approved for the use of gasoline for fuel may be converted to liquefied petroleum gas fuel provided the complete conversion results in a truck which embodies the features specified for LP or LPG designated trucks. Such conversion equipment shall be approved.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3664. Operating Rules.
(a) Every employer using industrial trucks or industrial tow tractors shall post and enforce a set of operating rules including the appropriate rules listed in Section 3650(s).
(b) Every employee who operates an agricultural or industrial tractor shall be instructed in the following procedures and in any other practices dictated by the work environment. Such information shall be provided at the time of initial assignment and at least annually thereafter. Copies of these instructions, printed in a language understood by the majority of the employees, shall be conspicuously posted at a place frequented by the drivers.
EMPLOYEE OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
1. Securely fasten your seat belt if the tractor has a ROPS.
2. Where possible, avoid operating the tractor near ditches, embankments, and holes.
3. Reduce speed when turning, crossing slopes, and on rough, slick, or muddy surfaces.
4. Stay off slopes too steep for safe operation.
5. Watch where you are going, especially at row ends, on roads, and around trees.
6. Do not permit others to ride.
7. Operate the tractor smoothly -no jerky turns, starts, or stops.
8. Hitch only to the drawbar and hitch points recommended by tractor manufacturers.
9. When tractor is stopped, set brakes securely and use park lock if available.
(c) Every employee who operates an agricultural or industrial tractor shall be required to check the tractor prior to operation each day and if it is unsafe report the matter immediately to a foreman or mechanic and shall not use the tractor again until it has been made safe.
(d) Employees shall be prohibited from stunt driving or horseplay while operating an agricultural or industrial tractor.
(e) No repairs shall be performed on any agricultural or industrial trucks or tractors until arrangements have been made to reduce the probability of injury to repairmen or others caused by sudden movement or operation of such equipment or its parts.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3665. Wheel Guards.
Shop transfer cars, equipment carriages, stock pickers, and similar equipment operating on rails or drawn by chains or cables shall be equipped with wheel guards or bumpers constructed and installed for the purpose of preventing a person's feet being crushed under the wheels. When the body or bed of trucks, carriages, or cars of this type extends over the wheels to the sides and both ends such a distance as will prevent a person's feet being crushed, said equipment shall be considered to be in compliance with this Order.
Note: This Order does not apply to cars used in trains.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3666. Haulage Vehicles and Earthmoving Equipment.
(a) After June 7, 1972 haulage vehicles and earthmoving equipment such as scrapers, crawler tractors, bulldozers, front-end loaders, motor graders, and similar equipment shall comply with Article 10, Haulage and Earthmoving, of the Construction Safety Orders.
(b) Bulk Cargo-Moving Vehicles.
(1) Where a seated operator may come into contact with projecting overheads, crawler-type bulk-cargo-moving vehicles that are rider operated shall be equipped with operator's guards.
(2) Guards and their attachment points shall be so designed as to be able to withstand, without excessive deflection, a load applied horizontally at the operator's shoulder level equal to the drawbar pull of the machine.
(c) Trailer-Spotting Tractors.
(1) Trailer-spotting tractors (fifth wheels) shall be fitted with any hand grabs and footing necessary for safe access to the fifth wheel.
(2) Rear cab windows shall be of safety glass or of equivalent material.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3668. Powered Industrial Truck Operator Training.
(a) Safe Operation.
(1) The employer shall ensure that each powered industrial truck operator is competent to operate a powered industrial truck safely, as demonstrated by the successful completion of the training and evaluation specified in this subsection.
(2) Prior to permitting an employee to operate a powered industrial truck (except for training purposes), the employer shall ensure that each operator has successfully completed the training required by this subsection, except as permitted in subsection (e).
(b) Training program implementation. Trainees may operate a powered industrial truck only:
(1) Under the direct supervision of persons who have the knowledge, training and experience to train operators and evaluate their competence; and
(2) Where such operation does not endanger the trainee or other employees.
(3) Training shall consist of a combination of formal instruction (e.g., lecture, discussion, interactive computer learning, video tape, written material), practical training (demonstrations performed by the trainer and practical exercises performed by the trainee) and evaluation of the operator's performance in the workplace.
(4) All operator training and evaluation shall be conducted by persons who have the knowledge, training and experience to train powered industrial truck operators and evaluate their competence.
(c) Training program content. Powered industrial truck operators shall receive initial training in the following topics, except in topics which the employer can demonstrate are not applicable to the safe operation of the truck in the employer's workplace.
(1) Truck-related topics:
(A) Operating instructions, warnings, and precautions for the types of truck the operator will be authorized to operate;
(B) Differences between the truck and the automobile;
(C) Truck controls and instrumentation: where they are located, what they do, and how they work;
(D) Engine or motor operation;
(E) Steering and maneuvering;
(F) Visibility (including restrictions due to loading);
(G) Fork and attachment adaptation, operation, and use limitations;
(H) Vehicle capacity;
(I) Vehicle stability;
(J) Any vehicle inspection and maintenance that the operator will be required to perform;
(K) Refueling and/or charging and recharging of batteries;
(L) Operating limitations;
(M) Any other operating instructions, warnings, or precautions listed in the operator's manual for the types of vehicle that the employee is being trained to operate.
(2) Workplace-related topics:
(A) Surface conditions where the vehicle will be operated;
(B) Composition of loads to be carried and load stability;
(C) Load manipulation, stacking, and unstacking;
(D) Pedestrian traffic in areas where the vehicle will be operated;
(E) Narrow aisles and other restricted places where the vehicle will be operated;
(F) Hazardous (classified) locations where the vehicle will be operated;
(G) Ramps and other sloped surfaces that could affect the vehicle's stability;
(H) Closed environments and other areas where insufficient ventilation or poor vehicle maintenance could cause a build-up of carbon monoxide or diesel exhaust;
(I) Other unique or potentially hazardous conditions in the workplace that could affect safe operation.
(d) Refresher training and evaluation. Refresher training, including an evaluation of the effectiveness of that training, shall be conducted as required by subsection (d)(1) to ensure that the operator has the knowledge and skills needed to operate the powered industrial truck safely.
(1) Refresher training in relevant topics shall be provided to the operator when:
(A) The operator has been observed to operate the vehicle in an unsafe manner;
(B) The operator has been involved in an accident or near-miss incident;
(C) The operator has received an evaluation that reveals that the operator is not operating the truck safely;
(D) The operator is assigned to drive a different type of truck; or
(E) A condition in the workplace changes in a manner that could affect safe operation of the truck.
(2) An evaluation of each powered industrial truck operator's performance shall be conducted at least once every three years.
(e) Avoidance of duplicative training. If an operator has previously received training in a topic specified in subsection (c) of this section, and such training is appropriate to the truck and working conditions encountered, additional training in that topic is not required if the operator has been evaluated and found competent to operate the truck safely.
(f) Certification. The employer shall certify that each operator has been trained and evaluated as required by this section. The certification shall include the name of the operator, the date of the training, the date of the evaluation, and the identity of the person(s) performing the training or evaluation.
(g) Dates. The employer shall ensure that operators of powered industrial trucks are trained, as appropriate, in accordance with the following dates:
(1) If the employee was hired before July 15, 2000, the initial training and evaluation of that employee must be completed by July 15, 2000;
(2) If the employee was hired after July 15, 2000, the initial training and evaluation of that employee must be completed before the employee is assigned to operate a powered industrial truck.
Exception : Agricultural operations as defined in Section 3437 of the General Industry Safety Orders are exempt from the requirements of Section 3668.Agricultural operations as defined in Section 3437 of the General Industry Safety Orders are exempt from the requirements of Section 3668.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3669. Operating Rules.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3700. Definitions.
Primarily. The motor vehicle is assigned to transport employees to and from the working site on a uniform or specified schedule.
Bus (Conventional Type). Any motor vehicle (except those of the pleasure car type) designed, constructed, and used for the transportation of employees in which the driver and the employees sit in the same enclosure.
Bus (Truck-crew Type). Any motor vehicle designed, constructed, and used for the transportation of employees in which the driver's cab is separated from the passenger compartment.
Farm Labor Vehicle. Any motor vehicle designed, used, or maintained for the transportation of the driver and nine or more farm workers to or from a place of employment or employment-related activities.
Exception : (1) any vehicle carrying only members of the owner's or driver's immediate family, (2) any vehicle while being operated under specific authority granted by the Public Utilities Commission or under specific authority granted to a transit system by an authorized city or county agency, (3) any flat-bed truck, pickup, or dump truck operated in accordance with Section 3702(r).(1) any vehicle carrying only members of the owner's or driver's immediate family, (2) any vehicle while being operated under specific authority granted by the Public Utilities Commission or under specific authority granted to a transit system by an authorized city or county agency, (3) any flat-bed truck, pickup, or dump truck operated in accordance with Section 3702(r).
Motor Vehicles. Motor cars, buses, trucks, and car/or truck trailer combinations.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3701. Licensing of Drivers.
(a) Only persons who possess a valid school bus drivers certificate or the appropriate class drivers license and a certificate issued by the Department of Motor Vehicles to permit the operation of farm labor vehicles shall operate a farm labor truck or farm labor bus.
(b) No person shall be required or permitted to operate any motor vehicle while used for the transportation of employees unless they hold a valid operator's license.
Note: Authority and reference cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3702. Transporting Employees.
(a) Trucks and buses used primarily or regularly for the transportation of employees shall meet the following requirements:
(1) be constructed or accommodated for that purpose,
(2) be equipped with seats adequately secured in place, and
(3) have at least a 46 inch high rail or enclosure on the sides and back of the vehicle to prevent falls from the vehicle.
(b) On every motor vehicle used for the transportation of employees the lamps, brakes, horn, mirrors, windshields, turn signals, and other equipment affecting the safety of passengers shall be kept in good repair.
(c) Every motor vehicle used primarily for the transportation of employees shall be equipped with handholds, adequate steps, stirrups, or other similar devices so placed and arranged that the employees can safely mount or dismount the vehicle.
(d) On every bus (truck-type) used primarily for the transportation of workers, seats with backrests shall be provided with a minimum of 18 inches of seat space for each passenger. Where seating is face to face, the aisle between the seats facing each other shall be 24 inches wide at the narrowest point. Seats shall be:
(1) Not less than 15 inches or more than 19 inches above the floor;
(2) At least 10 inches deep;
(3) Equipped with backrests extending to a height of at least 36 inches above the floor.
(e) Vehicles when being used for the transportation of employees shall not carry explosives, injurious pesticides, or substances with a flashpoint of below 150 degrees Fahrenheit, as determined by the Tagliabue open cup method, unless such substances are carried in properly designed safe containers outside the driver or occupied passenger compartments.
(f) Every truck or bus primarily used for the transportation of employees shall be equipped with 3 approved reflector flares for use in the event of an emergency or breakdown.
(g) Every truck or bus primarily used for the transportation of employees shall be equipped with an approved fully charged and operable fire extinguisher. An Underwriters'-Laboratory-approved dry-chemical extinguisher of not less than 4 pounds or other extinguisher with not less than 4B:C rating shall be deemed to meet the minimum requirements. Drivers shall be advised of the location and type of extinguisher used and instructed in its operation.
(h) Farm Labor Vehicles shall be equipped at each passenger position with a Type 1 or Type 2 seatbelt assembly, conforming to the specifications set forth in Section 571.209 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, which is hereby incorporated by reference. Each seatbelt assembly shall be anchored to the vehicle in a manner that conforms to the specifications set forth in Section 571.210 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, which is hereby incorporated by reference. The driver and each passenger shall be properly restrained while the vehicle is operated.
(i) Vehicles used primarily for the transportation of employees in which the driver and passenger compartments are separate shall be provided with a means by which the passengers can readily communicate with the driver. Such a system may include buzzers, speaker horns, or other means.
(j) The passenger carrying capacity of trucks and buses primarily used to transport employees shall be conspicuously marked on the outside of the vehicle near the door or entrance. Employers shall not allow the number of passengers to exceed the posted limit.
(k) Sharp edged tools shall not be carried in the passenger compartment of trucks and buses primarily used for the transportation of workers unless properly sheathed or placed in covered boxes or containers, and all other tools, equipment, or other materials carried in the passenger compartment of such vehicles shall be secured to the body of the vehicle. In no event shall they be carried in the aisles.
(l ) The exhaust system of every vehicle shall extend beyond the rear or side of the body, and shall terminate in such manner that the exhaust gases shall not enter the passenger compartment.
(m) The interior of the passenger carrying space shall be kept in good condition and free of inwardly protruding nails, screws, splinters, or other objects likely to be hazardous to passengers. All steps, stirrups, seats, handholds, doors, and other accessories shall be kept in good repair. Broken glass shall be removed and replacement glass shall be of the safety type.
(n) All conventional buses or crew trucks having an enclosed seating capacity of seven or more employees shall be provided with an emergency exit remotely located from the normal means of entrance. Note:Enclosed means equipped with side enclosures over 50 inches high, or where clearance between the upper edge of the side enclosures and the top is less than 30 inches, or where vertical roof supports are spaced less than 30 inches apart.
(o) All emergency exits required by (n) shall conform to the following minimum specifications:
(1) Exit doors shall be capable of being opened outward from both the interior and exterior of the vehicle.
(2) Side emergency single-panel doors shall not be hinged on the rear edge.
(3) The exit doors shall be equipped with positive-locking devices to keep them closed, but of a type which can be readily opened in an emergency.
(4) No obstruction shall be placed over the handle of an emergency door other than a clear-plastic-type cover.
(5) All interior emergency exit controls shall be installed so that they may be operated by the passengers within the vehicle.
(6) A sign reading "Exit" shall be painted on the exterior and interior of the emergency exit. Such signs shall be made in English and in the language of the workers currently being transported.
(7) All emergency exit doors shall provide an unobstructed opening of not less than 7 square feet with a minimum width dimension of 24 inches.
(8) Rear emergency windows shall provide an unobstructed opening of not less than 16 inches by 54 inches. The windows shall be designed to insure against accidental closing in an emergency.
(9) No part of a seat shall be a part of or attached to an emergency door.
(10) Every passenger shall have ready access to at least one emergency exit. The aisle between the seats leading to an emergency exit shall provide a clear and unobstructed passageway of not less than 11 1/2 inches, and shall not be restricted by any post, wheelhousing, jump seats, or other obstruction.
(p) Regular entrance and exit doors to the passenger compartments, other than the driver's cab on trucks and buses, shall have an unobstructed opening not less than 24 inches wide and, where possible, 60 inches high.
(q) Where chains or cables are used in lieu of doors on regular means of entrance or exit, the chains or cables shall be securely attached on each side of the opening and be equipped with a quick-release mechanism.
(r) Employees shall not be transported in the back of flat-bed trucks, pickups, or dump trucks unless the following is complied with:
(1) The employees shall sit on the truck bed.
(2) Barriers or guardrails shall be erected around the perimeter of the truck bed to prevent employees from falling.
(3) Pickup tailgates shall be closed, or equivalent closure provided.
(4) Dump truck body shall have the body secured or the hoist lever locked, and tailgates shall be closed.
(5) Employees shall not ride on the top of side rails, top of cabs, running boards, fenders, the hood, or with their legs hanging over the end or sides.
Exception : A limit of two employees may be permitted to ride on beds of trucks that do not comply with (2), (3), and (4) above provided they stand or sit immediately behind the cab, holding on to suitable grabirons which are rigidly fastened to the truck.A limit of two employees may be permitted to ride on beds of trucks that do not comply with (2), (3), and (4) above provided they stand or sit immediately behind the cab, holding on to suitable grabirons which are rigidly fastened to the truck.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3703. Riding Loads.
Employees shall not ride on top of loads that have not been secured to prevent shifting or tripping. Employees shall be seated if riding on a load.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3704. Securing Loads.
All loads shall be secured against dangerous displacement either by proper piling or other securing means.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3705. Cab Protection.
Trucks and truck tractors used to haul long steel structural members, poles, pipes, lumber, logs and similar materials shall be equipped with a barrier guard at the rear of the cab, designed, constructed and installed for the purpose of protecting the employees against being crushed by shifting loads.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3706. Truck Warning Device.
(a) Every automotive truck of one-half ton or more capacity shall be equipped with a warning device which can be clearly heard for a distance of 200 feet from the vehicle.
(b) Automotive vehicles operating in areas where their backward movement would constitute a hazard to employees working in the area on foot, and where the operator's vision is obstructed to the rear of the vehicle, shall comply with Section 1592(b) of the Construction Safety Orders.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3710. Helicopters.
All helicopter operations, including but not limited to, repair, maintenance, motion picture production, sports and news coverage and agricultural operations shall comply with the requirements of Article 35 of the Construction Safety Orders.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3730. Purpose.
These orders set up minimum standards for industrial railroads in above-ground operations. Where it has been determined by the Division that, due tothe process or operation, compliance with these orders would increase the hazards, industrial railroads need not comply provided such substandard areas are properly posted with warning signs, clearance distances indicated, areas barricaded, proper instructions given to employees or other safety devices installed to provide maximum protection to employees. (continued)