Loading (50 kb)...'
(continued)
(11) ASTM D4420–94, Standard Test Method for Determination of Aromatics in Finished Gasoline by Gas Chromatography, IBR approved for §61.67(h)(1).
(12) ASTM D4734–87, 96, Standard Specification for Refined Benzene-545, IBR approved September 14, 1989 for §61.270(a).
(13) ASTM D4809–95, Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Precision Method), IBR approved for §61.245(e)(3).
(14) ASTM E50–82, 86, 90 (Reapproved 1995), Standard Practices for Apparatus Reagents, and Safety Precautions for Chemical Analysis of Metals, IBR approved for appendix B: Method 108C, Section 6.1.4.
(b) The following material is available from the U.S. EPA Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268.
(1) Method 601, Test Method for Purgeable Halocarbons, July 1982, IBR approved September 30, 1986, for §61.67(g)(2).
(c) The following material is available for purchase from the American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, New York 10036.
(1) ANSI N13.1–1969, “Guide to Sampling Airborne Radioactive Materials in Nuclear Facilities.” IBR approved for 61.93(b)(2)(ii) and 61.107(b)(2)(ii).
(2) ANSI/HPS N13.1–1999 “Sampling and Monitoring Releases of Airborne Radioactive Substances from the Stacks and Ducts of Nuclear Facilities,” IBR approved October 9, 2002, for §§61.93(c); 61.107(d) and Method 114, paragraph 2.1 of Appendix B to 40 CFR part 61.
(d) The following material is available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402–9325, telephone (202) 512–1800 or outside of Washington, DC area: 1–866–512–1800.
(1) Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods, EPA Publication SW–846, Third Edition, November 1986, as amended by Revision I, December 1987, Order Number 955–001–00000–1:
(i) Method 8020, Aromatic Volatile Organics, IBR approved March 7, 1990, for §61.355(c)(2)(iv)(A).
(ii) Method 8021, Volatile Organic Compounds in Water by Purge and Trap Capillary Column Gas Chromatography with Photoionization and Electrolytic Conductivity Detectors in Series, IBR approved March 7, 1990, for §61.355(c)(2)(iv)(B).
(iii) Method 8240, Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry for Volatile Organics, IBR approved March 7, 1990, for §61.355(c)(2)(iv)(C).
(iv) Method 8260, Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry for Volatile Organics: Capillary Column Technique, IBR approved March 7, 1990, for §61.355(c)(2)(iv)(D).
(e) The materials listed in this paragraph (e) are available for purchase from the American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L Street, NW., Washington, DC 20005.
(1) API Publication 2517, Evaporative Loss from External Floating-Roof Tanks, Third Edition. February 1989. IBR approved December 14, 2000 for §61.241.
(2) [Reserved]
[48 FR 3740, Jan. 27, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 55266, Dec. 9, 1983; 49 FR 23520, June 6, 1984; 51 FR 34914, Sept. 30, 1986; 54 FR 38073, Sept. 14, 1989; 54 FR 51704, Dec. 15, 1989; 55 FR 8341, Mar. 7, 1990; 55 FR 18331, May 2, 1990; 55 FR 22027, May 31, 1990; 55 FR 32914, Aug. 13, 1990; 65 FR 62150, Oct. 17, 2000; 65 FR 78280, Dec. 14, 2000; 67 FR 57166, Sept. 9, 2002; 69 FR 18803, Apr. 9, 2004]
§ 61.19 Circumvention.
top
No owner or operator shall build, erect, install, or use any article machine, equipment, process, or method, the use of which conceals an emission which would otherwise constitute a violation of an applicable standard. Such concealment includes, but is not limited to, the use of gaseous dilutants to achieve compliance with a visible emissions standard, and the piecemeal carrying out of an operation to avoid coverage by a standard that applies only to operations larger than a specified size.
[40 FR 48299, Oct. 14, 1975. Redesignated at 50 FR 46294, Nov. 7, 1985]
Subpart B—National Emission Standards for Radon Emissions From Underground Uranium Mines
top
Source: 54 FR 51694, Dec. 15, 1989, unless otherwise noted.
§ 61.20 Designation of facilities.
top
The provisions of this subpart are applicable to the owner or operator of an active underground uranium mine which:
(a) Has mined, will mine or is designed to mine over 90,720 megagrams (Mg) (100,000 tons) of ore during the life of the mine; or
(b) Has had or will have an annual ore production rate greater than 9,072 Mg (10,000 tons), unless it can be demonstrated to EPA that the mine will not exceed total ore production of 90,720 Mg (100,000 tons) during the life of the mine.
[54 FR 51694, Dec. 15, 1989, as amended at 65 FR 62151, Oct. 17, 2000]
§ 61.21 Definitions.
top
As used in this subpart, all terms not defined here have the meaning given them in the Clean Air Act or subpart A of part 61. The following terms shall have the following specific meanings:
(a) Active mine means an underground uranium mine which is being ventilated to allow workers to enter the mine for any purpose.
(b) Effective dose equivalent means the sum of the products of the absorbed dose and appropriate effectiveness factors. These factors account for differences in biological effectiveness due to the quality of radiation and its distribution in the body of reference man. The unit of the effective dose equivalent is the rem. The method for calculating effective dose equivalent and the definition of reference man are outlined in the International Commission on Radiological Protection's Publication No. 26.
(c) Underground uranium mine means a man-made underground excavation made for the purpose of removing material containing uranium for the principal purpose of recovering uranium.
[54 FR 51694, Dec. 15, 1989, as amended at 65 FR 62151, Oct. 17, 2000]
§ 61.22 Standard.
top
Emissions of radon-222 to the ambient air from an underground uranium mine shall not exceed those amounts that would cause any member of the public to receive in any year an effective dose equivalent of 10 mrem/y.
§ 61.23 Determining compliance.
top
(a) Compliance with the emission standard in this subpart shall be determined and the effective dose equivalent calculated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) computer code COMPLY-R. An underground uranium mine owner or operator shall calculate the source terms to be used for input into COMPLY-R by conducting testing in accordance with the procedures described in appendix B, Method 115, or
(b) Owners or operators may demonstrate compliance with the emission standard in this subpart through the use of computer models that are equivalent to COMPLY-R provided that the model has received prior approval from EPA headquarters. EPA may approve a model in whole or in part and may limit its use to specific circumstances.
[54 FR 51694, Dec. 15, 1989, as amended at 65 FR 62151, Oct. 17, 2000]
§ 61.24 Annual reporting requirements.
top
(a) The mine owner or operator shall annually calculate and report the results of the compliance calculations in §61.23 and the input parameters used in making the calculations. This report shall cover the emissions of a calendar year and shall be sent to EPA by March 31 of the following year. Each report shall also include the following information:
(1) The name and location of the mine.
(2) The name of the person responsible for the operation of the facility and the name of the person preparing the report (if different).
(3) The results of the emissions testing conducted and the dose calculated using the procedures in §61.23.
(4) A list of the stacks or vents or other points where radioactive materials are released to the atmosphere, including their location, diameter, flow rate, effluent temperature and release height.
(5) A description of the effluent controls that are used on each stack, vent, or other release point and the effluent controls used inside the mine, and an estimate of the efficiency of each control method or device.
(6) Distances from the points of release to the nearest residence, school, business or office and the nearest farms producing vegetables, milk, and meat.
(7) The values used for all other user-supplied input parameters for the computer models (e.g., meteorological data) and the source of these data.
(8) Each report shall be signed and dated by a corporate officer in charge of the facility and contain the following declaration immediately above the signature line: “I certify under penalty of law that I have personally examined and am familiar with the information submitted herein and based on my inquiry of those individuals immediately responsible for obtaining the information, I believe that the submitted information is true, accurate and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information including the possibility of fine and imprisonment. See, 18 U.S.C. 1001.”
(b) lf the facility is not in compliance with the emission standard of §61.22 in the calendar year covered by the report, the facility must then commence reporting to the Administrator on a monthly basis the information listed in paragraph (a) of this section for the preceding month. These reports will start the month immediately following the submittal of the annual report for the year in noncompliance and will be due 30 days following the end of each month. This increased level of reporting will continue until the Administrator has determined that the monthly reports are no longer necessary. In addition to all the information required in paragraph (a) of this section, monthly reports shall also include the following information:
(1) All controls or other changes in operation of the facility that will be or are being installed to bring the facility into compliance.
(2) If the facility is under a judicial or administrative enforcement decree the report will describe the facilities performance under the terms of the decree.
(c) The first report will cover the emissions of calendar year 1990.
[54 FR 51694, Dec. 15, 1989, as amended at 65 FR 62151, Oct. 17, 2000]
§ 61.25 Recordkeeping requirements.
top
The owner or operator of a mine must maintain records documenting the source of input parameters including the results of all measurements upon which they are based, the calculations and/or analytical methods used to derive values for input parameters, and the procedure used to determine compliance. In addition, the documentation should be sufficient to allow an independent auditor to verify the accuracy of the determination made concerning the facility's compliance with the standard. These records must be kept at the mine or by the owner or operator for at least five years and upon request be made available for inspection by the Administrator, or his authorized representative.
§ 61.26 Exemption from the reporting and testing requirements of 40 CFR 61.10.
top
All facilities designated under this subpart are exempt from the reporting requirements of 40 CFR 61.10.
Subpart C—National Emission Standard for Beryllium
top
§ 61.30 Applicability.
top
The provisions of this subpart are applicable to the following stationary sources:
(a) Extraction plants, ceramic plants, foundries, incinerators, and propellant plants which process beryllium ore, beryllium, beryllium oxide, beryllium alloys, or beryllium-containing waste.
(b) Machine shops which process beryllium, beryllium oxides, or any alloy when such alloy contains more than 5 percent beryllium by weight.
[38 FR 8826, Apr. 6, 1973, as amended at 65 FR 62151, Oct. 17, 2000]
§ 61.31 Definitions.
top
Terms used in this subpart are defined in the act, in subpart A of this part, or in this section as follows:
(a) Beryllium means the element beryllium. Where weights or concentrations are specified, such weights or concentrations apply to beryllium only, excluding the weight or concentration of any associated elements.
(b) Extraction plant means a facility chemically processing beryllium ore to beryllium metal, alloy, or oxide, or performing any of the intermediate steps in these processes.
(c) Beryllium ore means any naturally occurring material mined or gathered for its beryllium content.
(d) Machine shop means a facility performing cutting, grinding, turning, honing, milling, deburring, lapping, electrochemical machining, etching, or other similar operations.
(e) Ceramic plant means a manufacturing plant producing ceramic items.
(f) Foundry means a facility engaged in the melting or casting of beryllium metal or alloy.
(g) Beryllium-containing waste means material contaminated with beryllium and/or beryllium compounds used or generated during any process or operation performed by a source subject to this subpart.
(h) Incinerator means any furnace used in the process of burning waste for the primary purpose of reducing the volume of the waste by removing combustible matter.
(i) Propellant means a fuel and oxidizer physically or chemically combined which undergoes combustion to provide rocket propulsion.
(j) Beryllium alloy means any metal to which beryllium has been added in order to increase its beryllium content and which contains more than 0.1 percent beryllium by weight.
(k) Propellant plant means any facility engaged in the mixing, casting, or machining of propellant.
§ 61.32 Emission standard.
top
(a) Emissions to the atmosphere from stationary sources subject to the provisions of this subpart shall not exceed 10 grams (0.022 lb) of beryllium over a 24-hour period, except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section.
(b) Rather than meet the requirement of paragraph (a) of this section, an owner or operator may request approval from the Administrator to meet an ambient concentration limit on beryllium in the vicinity of the stationary source of 0.01 µg/m 3 (4.37×10-6 gr/ft 3 ), averaged over a 30-day period.
(1) Approval of such requests may be granted by the Administrator provided that:
(i) At least 3 years of data is available which in the judgment of the Administrator demonstrates that the future ambient concentrations of beryllium in the vicinity of the stationary source will not exceed 0.01 µg/m 3 (4.37×10-6 gr/ft 3 ), averaged over a 30-day period. Such 3-year period shall be the 3 years ending 30 days before the effective date of this standard.
(ii) The owner or operator requests such approval in writing within 30 days after the effective date of this standard.
(iii) The owner or operator submits a report to the Administrator within 45 days after the effective date of this standard which report includes the following information:
(a) Description of sampling method including the method and frequency of calibration.
(b) Method of sample analysis.
(c) Averaging technique for determining 30-day average concentrations.
(d) Number, identity, and location (address, coordinates, or distance and heading from plant) of sampling sites.
(e) Ground elevations and height above ground of sampling inlets.
(f) Plant and sampling area plots showing emission points and sampling sites. Topographic features significantly affecting dispersion including plant building heights and locations shall be included.
(g) Information necessary for estimating dispersion including stack height, inside diameter, exit gas temperature, exit velocity or flow rate, and beryllium concentration.
(h) A description of data and procedures (methods or models) used to design the air sampling network (i.e., number and location of sampling sites).
(i) Air sampling data indicating beryllium concentrations in the vicinity of the stationary source for the 3-year period specified in paragraph (b)(1) of this section. This data shall be presented chronologically and include the beryllium concentration and location of each individual sample taken by the network and the corresponding 30-day average beryllium concentrations.
(2) Within 60 days after receiving such report, the Administrator will notify the owner or operator in writing whether approval is granted or denied. Prior to denying approval to comply with the provisions of paragraph (b) of this section, the Administrator will consult with representatives of the statutory source for which the demonstration report was submitted.
(c) The burning of beryllium and/or beryllium-containing waste, except propellants, is prohibited except in incinerators, emissions from which must comply with the standard.
[38 FR 8826, Apr. 6, 1973, as amended at 65 FR 62151, Oct. 17, 2000]
§ 61.33 Stack sampling.
top
(a) Unless a waiver of emission testing is obtained under §61.13, each owner or operator required to comply with §61.32(a) shall test emissions from the source according to Method 104 of appendix B to this part. Method 103 of appendix B to this part is approved by the Administrator as an alternative method for sources subject to §61.32(a). The emission test shall be performed—
(1) Within 90 days of the effective date in the case of an existing source or a new source which has an initial startup date preceding the effective date; or
(2) Within 90 days of startup in the case of a new source which did not have an initial startup date preceding the effective date.
(b) The Administrator shall be notified at least 30 days prior to an emission test so that he may at his option observe the test.
(c) Samples shall be taken over such a period or periods as are necessary to accurately determine the maximum emissions which will occur in any 24-hour period. Where emissions depend upon the relative frequency of operation of different types of processes, operating hours, operating capacities, or other factors, the calculation of maximum 24-hour-period emissions will be based on that combination of factors which is likely to occur during the subject period and which result in the maximum emissions. No changes in the operation shall be made, which would potentially increase emissions above that determined by the most recent source test, until a new emission level has been estimated by calculation and the results reported to the Administrator.
(d) All samples shall be analyzed and beryllium emissions shall be determined within 30 days after the source test. All determinations shall be reported to the Administrator by a registered letter dispatched before the close of the next business day following such determination.
(e) Records of emission test results and other data needed to determine total emissions shall be retained at the source and made available, for inspection by the Administrator, for a minimum of 2 years.
[38 FR 8826, Apr. 6, 1973, as amended at 50 FR 46294, Nov. 7, 1985]
§ 61.34 Air sampling.
top
(a) Stationary sources subject to §61.32(b) shall locate air sampling sites in accordance with a plan approved by the Administrator. Such sites shall be located in such a manner as is calculated to detect maximum concentrations of beryllium in the ambient air.
(b) All monitoring sites shall be operated continuously except for a reasonable time allowance for instrument maintenance and calibration, for changing filters, or for replacement of equipment needing major repair.
(c) Filters shall be analyzed and concentrations calculated within 30 days after filters are collected. Records of concentrations at all sampling sites and other data needed to determine such concentrations shall be retained at the source and made available, for inspection by the Administrator, for a minimum of 2 years.
(d) Concentrations measured at all sampling sites shall be reported to the Administrator every 30 days by a registered letter.
(e) The Administrator may at any time require changes in, or expansion of, the sampling network.
Subpart D—National Emission Standard for Beryllium Rocket Motor Firing
top
§ 61.40 Applicability.
top
The provisions of this subpart are applicable to rocket motor test sites.
§ 61.41 Definitions.
top
Terms used in this subpart are defined in the Act, in subpart A of this part, or in this section as follows:
(a) Rocket motor test site means any building, structure, facility, or installation where the static test firing of a beryllium rocket motor and/or the disposal of beryllium propellant is conducted.
(b) Beryllium propellant means any propellant incorporating beryllium.
§ 61.42 Emission standard.
top
(a) Emissions to the atmosphere from rocket-motor test sites shall not cause time-weighted atmospheric concentrations of beryllium to exceed 75 microgram minutes per cubic meter (µg-min/m 3 ) (4.68 pound minutes per cubic foot (lb-min/ft 3 )) of air within the limits of 10 to 60 minutes, accumulated during any 2 consecutive weeks, in any area in which an effect adverse to public health could occur.
(b) If combustion products from the firing of beryllium propellant are collected in a closed tank, emissions from such tank shall not exceed 2.0 g/hr (0.0044 lb/hr) and a maximum of 10 g/day (0.022 lb/day).
[38 FR 8826, Apr. 6, 1973, as amended at 65 FR 62151, Oct. 17, 2000]
§ 61.43 Emission testing—rocket firing or propellant disposal.
top
(a) Ambient air concentrations shall be measured during and after firing of a rocket motor or propellant disposal and in such a manner that the effect of these emissions can be compared with the standard. Such sampling techniques shall be approved by the Administrator.
(b) All samples shall be analyzed and results shall be calculated within 30 days after samples are taken and before any subsequent rocket motor firing or propellant disposal at the given site. All results shall be reported to the Administrator by a registered letter dispatched before the close of the next business day following determination of such results.
(c) Records of air sampling test results and other data needed to determine integrated intermittent concentrations shall be retained at the source and made available, for inspection by the Administrator, for a minimum of 2 years.
(d) The Administrator shall be notified at least 30 days prior to an air sampling test, so that he may at his option observe the test.
§ 61.44 Stack sampling.
top
(a) Sources subject to §61.42(b) shall be continuously sampled, during release of combustion products from the tank, according to Method 104 of appendix B to this part. Method 103 of appendix B to this part is approved by the Administrator as an alternative method for sources subject to §61.42(b).
(b) All samples shall be analyzed, and beryllium emissions shall be determined within 30 days after samples are taken and before any subsequent rocket motor firing or propellant disposal at the given site. All determinations shall be reported to the Administrator by a registered letter dispatched before the close of the next business day following such determinations.
(c) Records of emission test results and other data needed to determine total emissions shall be retained at the source and made available, for inspection by the Administrator, for a minimum of 2 years.
(d) The Administrator shall be notified at least 30 days prior to an emission test, so that he may at his option observe the test.
[38 FR 8826, Apr. 6, 1973, as amended at 50 FR 46294, Nov. 7, 1985]
Subpart E—National Emission Standard for Mercury
top
§ 61.50 Applicability.
top
The provisions of this subpart are applicable to those stationary sources which process mercury ore to recover mercury, use mercury chlor-alkali cells to produce chlorine gas and alkali metal hydroxide, and incinerate or dry wastewater treatment plant sludge.
[40 FR 48302, Oct. 14, 1975]
§ 61.51 Definitions.
top
Terms used in this subpart are defined in the act, in subpart A of this part, or in this section as follows:
(a) Mercury means the element mercury, excluding any associated elements, and includes mercury in particulates, vapors, aerosols, and compounds.
(b) Mercury ore means a mineral mined specifically for its mercury content.
(c) Mercury ore processing facility means a facility processing mercury ore to obtain mercury.
(d) Condenser stack gases mean the gaseous effluent evolved from the stack of processes utilizing heat to extract mercury metal from mercury ore.
(e) Mercury chlor-alkali cell means a device which is basically composed of an electrolyzer section and a denuder (decomposer) section and utilizes mercury to produce chlorine gas, hydrogen gas, and alkali metal hydroxide.
(f) Mercury chlor-alkali electrolyzer means an electrolytic device which is part of a mercury chlor-alkali cell and utilizes a flowing mercury cathode to produce chlorine gas and alkali metal amalgam.
(g) Denuder means a horizontal or vertical container which is part of a mercury chlor-alkali cell and in which water and alkali metal amalgam are converted to alkali metal hydroxide, mercury, and hydrogen gas in a short-circuited, electrolytic reaction.
(h) Hydrogen gas stream means a hydrogen stream formed in the chlor-alkali cell denuder.
(i) End box means a container(s) located on one or both ends of a mercury chlor-alkali electrolyzer which serves as a connection between the electrolyzer and denuder for rich and stripped amalgam.
(j) End box ventilation system means a ventilation system which collects mercury emissions from the end-boxes, the mercury pump sumps, and their water collection systems.
(k) Cell room means a structure(s) housing one or more mercury electrolytic chlor-alkali cells.
(l) Sludge means sludge produced by a treatment plant that processes municipal or industrial waste waters.
(m) Sludge dryer means a device used to reduce the moisture content of sludge by heating to temperatures above 65 °C (ca. 150 °F) directly with combustion gases.
[38 FR 8826, Apr. 6, 1973, as amended at 40 FR 48302, Oct. 14, 1975]
§ 61.52 Emission standard.
top
(a) Emissions to the atmosphere from mercury ore processing facilities and mercury cell chlor-alkali plants shall not exceed 2.3 kg (5.1 lb) of mercury per 24-hour period.
(b) Emissions to the atmosphere from sludge incineration plants, sludge drying plants, or a combination of these that process wastewater treatment plant sludges shall not exceed 3.2 kg (7.1 lb) of mercury per 24-hour period.
[40 FR 48302, Oct. 14, 1975, as amended at 65 FR 62151, Oct. 17, 2000]
§ 61.53 Stack sampling.
top
(a) Mercury ore processing facility. (1) Unless a waiver of emission testing is obtained under §61.13, each owner or operator processing mercury ore shall test emissions from the source according to Method 101 of appendix B to this part. The emission test shall be performed—
(i) Within 90 days of the effective date in the case of an existing source or a new source which has an initial start-up date preceding the effective date; or
(ii) Within 90 days of startup in the case of a new source which did not have an initial startup date preceding the effective date.
(2) The Administrator shall be notified at least 30 days prior to an emission test, so that he may at his option observe the test.
(3) Samples shall be taken over such a period or periods as are necessary to accurately determine the maximum emissions which will occur in a 24-hour period. No changes in the operation shall be made, which would potentially increase emissions above that determined by the most recent source test, until the new emission level has been estimated by calculation and the results reported to the Administrator.
(4) All samples shall be analyzed and mercury emissions shall be determined within 30 days after the stack test. Each determination shall be reported to the Administrator by a registered letter dispatched within 15 calendar days following the date such determination is completed.
(5) Records of emission test results and other data needed to determine total emissions shall be retained at the source and made available, for inspection by the Administrator, for a minimum of 2 years.
(b) Mercury chlor-alkali plant—hydrogen and end-box ventilation gas streams. (1) Unless a waiver of emission testing is obtained under §61.13, each owner or operator employing mercury chlor-alkali cell(s) shall test emissions from hydrogen streams according to Method 102 and from end-box ventilation gas streams according to Method 101 of appendix B to this part. The emission test shall be performed—
(i) Within 90 days of the effective date in the case of an existing source or a new source which has an initial startup date preceding the effective date; or
(ii) Within 90 days of startup in the case of a new source which did not have an initial startup date preceding the effective date.
(2) The Administrator shall be notified at least 30 days prior to an emission test, so that he may at his option observe the test.
(3) Samples shall be taken over such a period or periods as are necessary to accurately determine the maximum emissions which will occur in a 24-hour period. No changes in the operation shall be made, which would potentially increase emissions above that determined by the most recent source test, until the new emission has been estimated by calculation and the results reported to the Administrator.
(4) All samples shall be analyzed and mercury emissions shall be determined within 30 days after the stack test. Each determination shall be reported to the Administrator by a registered letter dispatched within 15 calendar days following the date such determination is completed.
(5) Records of emission test results and other data needed to determine total emissions shall be retained at the source and made available, for inspection by the Administrator, for a minimum of 2 years.
(c) Mercury chlor-alkali plants—cell room ventilation system. (1) Stationary sources using mercury chlor-alkali cells may test cell room emissions in accordance with paragraph (c)(2) of this section or demonstrate compliance with paragraph (c)(4) of this section and assume ventilation emissions of 1.3 kg/day (2.9 lb/day) of mercury.
(2) Unless a waiver of emission testing is obtained under §61.13, each owner or operator shall pass all cell room air in force gas streams through stacks suitable for testing and shall test emissions from the source according to Method 101 in appendix B to this part. The emission test shall be performed—
(i) Within 90 days of the effective date in the case of an existing source or a new source which has an initial startup date preceding the effective date; or
(ii) Within 90 days of startup in the case of a new source which did not have an initial startup date preceding the effective date.
(3) The Administrator shall be notified at least 30 days prior to an emission test, so that he may at his option observe the test.
(4) An owner or operator may carry out approved design, maintenance, and housekeeping practices. A list of approved practices is provided in appendix A of “Review of National Emission Standards for Mercury,” EPA–450/3–84–014a, December 1984. Copies are available from EPA's Central Docket Section, Docket item number A-84-41, III-B-1.
(d) Sludge incineration and drying plants. (1) Unless a waiver of emission testing is obtained under §61.13, each owner or operator of a source subject to the standard in §61.52(b) shall test emissions from that source. Such tests shall be conducted in accordance with the procedures set forth either in paragraph (d) of this section or in §61.54.
(2) Method 101A in appendix B to this part shall be used to test emissions as follows:
(i) The test shall be performed within 90 days of the effective date of these regulations in the case of an existing source or a new source which has an initial startup date preceding the effective date.
(ii) The test shall be performed within 90 days of startup in the case of a new source which did not have an initial startup date preceding the effective date.
(3) The Administrator shall be notified at least 30 days prior to an emission test, so that he may at his option observe the test.
(4) Samples shall be taken over such a period or periods as are necessary to determine accurately the maximum emissions which will occur in a 24-hour period. No changes shall be made in the operation which would potentially increase emissions above the level determined by the most recent stack test, until the new emission level has been estimated by calculation and the results reported to the Administrator.
(5) All samples shall be analyzed and mercury emissions shall be determined within 30 days after the stack test. Each determination shall be reported to the Administrator by a registered letter dispatched within 15 calendar days following the date such determination is completed.
(6) Records of emission test results and other data needed to determine total emissions shall be retained at the source and shall be made available, for inspection by the Administrator, for a minimum of 2 years.
[38 FR 8826, Apr. 6, 1973, as amended at 40 FR 48302, Oct. 14, 1975; 47 FR 24704, June 8, 1982; 50 FR 46294, Nov. 7, 1985; 52 FR 8726, Mar. 19, 1987; 65 FR 62151, Oct. 17, 2000]
§ 61.54 Sludge sampling.
top
(a) As an alternative means for demonstrating compliance with §61.52(b), an owner or operator may use Method 105 of appendix B and the procedures specified in this section.
(1) A sludge test shall be conducted within 90 days of the effective date of these regulations in the case of an existing source or a new source which has an initial startup date preceding the effective date; or
(2) A sludge test shall be conducted within 90 days of startup in the case of a new source which did not have an initial startup date preceding the effective date.
(b) The Administrator shall be notified at least 30 days prior to a sludge sampling test, so that he may at his option observe the test.
(c) Sludge shall be sampled according to paragraph (c)(1) of this section, sludge charging rate for the plant shall be determined according to paragraph (c)(2) of this section, and the sludge analysis shall be performed according to paragraph (c)(3) of this section.
(1) The sludge shall be sampled according to Method 105—Determination of Mercury in Wastewater Treatment Plant Sewage Sludges. A total of three composite samples shall be obtained within an operating period of 24 hours. When the 24-hour operating period is not continuous, the total sampling period shall not exceed 72 hours after the first grab sample is obtained. Samples shall not be exposed to any condition that may result in mercury contamination or loss.
(2) The maximum 24-hour period sludge incineration or drying rate shall be determined by use of a flow rate measurement device that can measure the mass rate of sludge charged to the incinerator or dryer with an accuracy of ±5 percent over its operating range. Other methods of measuring sludge mass charging rates may be used if they have received prior approval by the Administrator.
(3) The sampling, handling, preparation, and analysis of sludge samples shall be accomplished according to Method 105 in appendix B of this part.
(d) The mercury emissions shall be determined by use of the following equation.
where:
EHg=Mercury emissions, g/day.
M=Mercury concentration of sludge on a dry solids basis, µg/g.
Q=Sludge changing rate, kg/day.
Fsm=Weight fraction of solids in the collected sludge after mixing.
1000=Conversion factor, kg µg/g 2 .
(e) No changes in the operation of a plant shall be made after a sludge test has been conducted which would potentially increase emissions above the level determined by the most recent sludge test, until the new emission level has been estimated by calculation and the results reported to the Administrator.
(f) All sludge samples shall be analyzed for mercury content within 30 days after the sludge sample is collected. Each determination shall be reported to the Administrator by a registered letter dispatched within 15 calendar days following the date such determination is completed.
(g) Records of sludge sampling, charging rate determination and other data needed to determine mercury content of wastewater treatment plant sludges shall be retained at the source and made available, for inspection by the Administrator, for a minimum of 2 years.
[40 FR 48303, Oct. 14, 1975, as amended at 49 FR 35770, Sept. 12, 1984; 52 FR 8727, Mar. 19, 1987; 53 FR 36972, Sept. 23, 1988]
§ 61.55 Monitoring of emissions and operations.
top
(a) Wastewater treatment plant sludge incineration and drying plants. All the sources for which mercury emissions exceed 1.6 kg (3.5 lb) per 24-hour period, demonstrated either by stack sampling according to §61.53 or sludge sampling according to §61.54, shall monitor mercury emissions at intervals of at least once per year by use of Method 105 of appendix B or the procedures specified in §61.53 (d) (2) and (4). The results of monitoring shall be reported and retained according to §61.53(d) (5) and (6) or §61.54 (f) and (g).
(b) Mercury cell chlor-alkali plants—hydrogen and end-box ventilation gas streams. (1) The owner or operator of each mercury cell chlor-alkali plant shall, within 1 year of the date of publication of these amendments or within 1 year of startup for a plant with initial startup after the date of publication, perform a mercury emission test that demonstrates compliance with the emission limits in §61.52, on the hydrogen stream by Method 102 and on the end-box stream by Method 101 for the purpose of establishing limits for parameters to be monitored.
(2) During tests specified in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the following control device parameters shall be monitored, except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, and recorded manually or automatically at least once every 15 minutes:
(i) The exit gas temperature from uncontrolled streams;
(ii) The outlet temperature of the gas stream for the final (i.e., the farthest downstream) cooling system when no control devices other than coolers and demisters are used;
(iii) The outlet temperature of the gas stream from the final cooling system when the cooling system is followed by a molecular sieve or carbon adsorber;
(iv) Outlet concentration of available chlorine, pH, liquid flow rate, and inlet gas temperature of chlorinated brine scrubbers and hypochlorite scrubbers;
(v) The liquid flow rate and exit gas temperature for water scrubbers;
(vi) The inlet gas temperature of carbon adsorption systems; and
(vii) The temperature during the heating phase of the regeneration cycle for carbon adsorbers or molecular sieves.
(3) The recorded parameters in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (b)(2)(vi) of this section shall be averaged over the test period (a minimum of 6 hours) to provide an average number. The highest temperature reading that is measured in paragraph (b)(2)(vii) of this section is to be identified as the reference temperature for use in paragraph (b)(6)(ii) of this section.
(4)(i) Immediately following completion of the emission tests specified in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the owner or operator of a mercury cell chlor-alkali plant shall monitor and record manually or automatically at least once per hour the same parameters specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (b)(2)(vi) of this section.
(ii) Immediately following completion of the emission tests specified in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the owner or operator shall monitor and record manually or automatically, during each heating phase of the regeneration cycle, the temperature specified in paragraph (b)(2)(vii) of this section.
(5) Monitoring devices used in accordance with paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(4) of this section shall be certified by their manufacturer to be accurate to within 10 percent, and shall be operated, maintained, and calibrated according to the manufacturer's instructions. Records of the certifications and calibrations shall be retained at the chlor-alkali plant and made available for inspection by the Administrator as follows: Certification, for as long as the device is used for this purpose; calibration for a minimum of 2 years.
(6)(i) When the hourly value of a parameter monitored in accordance with paragraph (b)(4)(i) of this section exceeds, or in the case of liquid flow rate and available chlorine falls below the value of that same parameter determined in paragraph (b)(2) of this section for 24 consecutive hours, the Administrator is to be notified within the next 10 days.
(ii) When the maximum hourly value of the temperature measured in accordance with paragraph (b)(4)(ii) of this section is below the reference temperature recorded according to paragraph (b)(3) of this section for three consecutive regeneration cycles, the Administrator is to be notified within the next 10 days.
(7) Semiannual reports shall be submitted to the Administrator indicating the time and date on which the hourly value of each parameter monitored according to paragraphs (b)(4)(i) and (b)(4)(ii) of this section fell outside the value of that same parameter determined under paragraph (b)(3) of this section; and corrective action taken, and the time and date of the corrective action. Parameter excursions will be considered unacceptable operation and maintenance of the emission control system. In addition, while compliance with the emission limits is determined primarily by conducting a performance test according to the procedures in §61.53(b), reports of parameter excursions may be used as evidence in judging the duration of a violation that is determined by a performance test.
(8) Semiannual reports required in paragraph (b)(7) of this section shall be submitted to the Administrator on September 15 and March 15 of each year. The first semiannual report is to be submitted following the first full 6 month reporting period. The semiannual report due on September 15 (March 15) shall include all excursions monitored through August 31 (February 28) of the same calendar year.
(c) As an alternative to the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements in paragraphs (b)(2) through (8) of this section, an owner or operator may develop and submit for the Administrator's review and approval a plant-specific monitoring plan. To be approved, such a plan must ensure not only compliance with the emission limits of §61.52(a) but also proper operation and maintenance of emissions control systems. Any site-specific monitoring plan submitted must, at a minimum, include the following:
(1) Identification of the critical parameter or parameters for the hydrogen stream and for the end-box ventilation stream that are to be monitored and an explanation of why the critical parameter(s) selected is the best indicator of proper control system performance and of mercury emission rates.
(2) Identification of the maximum or minimum value of each parameter (e.g., degrees temperature, concentration of mercury) that is not to be exceeded. The level(s) is to be directly correlated to the results of a performance test, conducted no more than 180 days prior to submittal of the plan, when the facility was in compliance with the emission limits of §61.52(a).
(3) Designation of the frequency for recording the parameter measurements, with justification if the frequency is less than hourly. A longer recording frequency must be justified on the basis of the amount of time that could elapse during periods of process or control system upsets before the emission limits would be exceeded, and consideration is to be given to the time that would be necessary to repair the failure.
(4) Designation of the immediate actions to be taken in the event of an excursion beyond the value of the parameter established in paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
(5) Provisions for reporting, semiannually, parameter excursions and the corrective actions taken, and provisions for reporting within 10 days any significant excursion.
(6) Identification of the accuracy of the monitoring device(s) or of the readings obtained.
(7) Recordkeeping requirements for certifications and calibrations.
(d) Mercury cell chlor-alkali plants—cell room ventilation system. (1) Stationary sources determining cell room emissions in accordance with §61.53(c)(4) shall maintain daily records of all leaks or spills of mercury. The records shall indicate the amount, location, time, and date the leaks or spills occurred, identify the cause of the leak or spill, state the immediate steps taken to minimize mercury emissions and steps taken to prevent future occurrences, and provide the time and date on which corrective steps were taken.
(2) The results of monitoring shall be recorded, retained at the source, and made available for inspection by the Administrator for a minimum of 2 years.
[52 FR 8727, Mar. 19, 1987, as amended at 65 FR 62151, Oct. 17, 2000]
§ 61.56 Delegation of authority.
top
(a) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority to a State under section 112(d) of the Act, the authorities contained in paragraph (b) of this section shall be retained by the Administrator and not transferred to a State.
(b) Authorities which will not be delegated to States: Sections 61.53(c)(4) and 61.55(d). The authorities not delegated to States listed are in addition to the authorities in the General Provisions, subpart A of 40 CFR part 61, that will not be delegated to States (§§61.04(b), 61.12(d)(1), and 61.13(h)(1)(ii)).
[52 FR 8728, Mar. 19, 1987]
Subpart F—National Emission Standard for Vinyl Chloride
top
Source: 41 FR 46564, Oct. 21, 1976, unless otherwise noted.
§ 61.60 Applicability.
top
(a) This subpart applies to plants which produce:
(1) Ethylene dichloride by reaction of oxygen and hydrogen chloride with ethylene,
(2) Vinyl chloride by any process, and/or
(3) One or more polymers containing any fraction of polymerized vinyl chloride.
(b) This subpart does not apply to equipment used in research and development if the reactor used to polymerize the vinyl chloride processed in the equipment has a capacity of no more than 0.19 m 3 (50 gal).
(c) Sections of this subpart other than §§61.61; 61.64 (a)(1), (b), (c), and (d); 61.67; 61.68; 61.69; 61.70; and 61.71 do not apply to equipment used in research and development if the reactor used to polymerize the vinyl chloride processed in the equipment has a capacity of greater than 0.19 m 3 (50 gal) and no more than 4.17 m 3 (1100 gal).
[41 FR 46564, Oct. 21, 1976, as amended at 42 FR 29006, June 7, 1977; 53 FR 36972, Sept. 23, 1988; 57 FR 60999, Dec. 23, 1992]
§ 61.61 Definitions.
top
Terms used in this subpart are defined in the Act, in subpart A of this part, or in this section as follows:
(a) Ethylene dichloride plant includes any plant which produces ethylene dichloride by reaction of oxygen and hydrogen chloride with ethylene.
(b) Vinyl chloride plant includes any plant which produces vinyl chloride by any process.
(c) Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plant includes any plant where vinyl chloride alone or in combination with other materials is polymerized.
(d) Slip gauge means a gauge which has a probe that moves through the gas/liquid interface in a storage or transfer vessel and indicates the level of vinyl chloride in the vessel by the physical state of the material the gauge discharges.
(e) Type of resin means the broad classification of resin referring to the basic manufacturing process for producing that resin, including, but not limited to, the suspension, dispersion, latex, bulk, and solution processes.
(f) Grade of resin means the subdivision of resin classification which describes it as a unique resin, i.e., the most exact description of a resin with no further subdivision.
(g) Dispersion resin means a resin manufactured in such a way as to form fluid dispersions when dispersed in a plasticizer or plasticizer/diluent mixtures.
(h) Latex resin means a resin which is produced by a polymerization process which initiates from free radical catalyst sites and is sold undried.
(i) Bulk resin means a resin which is produced by a polymerization process in which no water is used.
(j) Inprocess wastewater means any water which, during manufacturing or processing, comes into direct contact with vinyl chloride or polyvinyl chloride or results from the production or use of any raw material, intermediate product, finished product, by-product, or waste product containing vinyl chloride or polyvinyl chloride but which has not been discharged to a wastewater treatment process or discharged untreated as wastewater. Gasholder seal water is not inprocess wastewater until it is removed from the gasholder.
(k) Wastewater treatment process includes any process which modifies characteristics such as BOD, COD, TSS, and pH, usually for the purpose of meeting effluent guidelines and standards; it does not include any process the purpose of which is to remove vinyl chloride from water to meet requirements of this subpart.
(l) In vinyl chloride service means that a piece of equipment either contains or contacts a liquid that is at least 10 percent vinyl chloride by weight or a gas that is at least 10 percent by volume vinyl chloride as determined according to the provisions of §61.67(h). The provisions of §61.67(h) also specify how to determine that a piece of equipment is not in vinyl chloride service. For the purposes of this subpart, this definition must be used in place of the definition of “in VHAP service” in subpart V of this part.
(m) Standard operating procedure means a formal written procedure officially adopted by the plant owner or operator and available on a routine basis to those persons responsible for carrying out the procedure.
(n) Run means the net period of time during which an emission sample is collected.
(o) Ethylene dichloride purification includes any part of the process of ethylene dichloride purification following ethylene dichloride formation, but excludes crude, intermediate, and final ethylene dichloride storage tanks. (continued)