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(continued)
(b) Technical definition. Filter temperature control during sampling is the ability of a sampler to maintain the temperature of the particulate matter sample filter within the specified deviation (5 °C) from ambient temperature during any active sampling period. Post-sampling temperature control is the ability of a sampler to maintain the temperature of the particulate matter sample filter within the specified deviation from ambient temperature during the period from the end of active sample collection of the PM2.5 sample by the sampler until the filter is retrieved from the sampler for laboratory analysis.
(c) Required test equipment. (1) Environmental chamber providing the means, such as a bank of solar-spectrum lamps, for generating or simulating thermal radiation in approximate spectral content and intensity equivalent to solar insolation of 1000 ±50 W/m 2 inside the environmental chamber. To properly simulate the sun's radiative effects on the sampler, the solar bank must provide the spectral energy distribution and permitted tolerances specified in table E–2 of this subpart. The solar radiation source area shall be such that the width of the candidate sampler shall not exceed one-half the dimensions of the solar bank. The solar bank shall be located a minimum of 76 cm (30 inches) from any surface of the candidate sampler. To meet requirements of the solar radiation tests, the chamber's internal volume shall be a minimum of 10 times that of the volume of the candidate sampler. Air velocity in the region of the sampler must be maintained continuously during the radiative tests at 2.0 ±0.5 m/sec.
(2) Ambient air temperature recorder, range -30 °C to =50 °C, with a resolution of 0.1 °C and certified accurate to within 0.5 °C. Ambient air temperature measurements must be made using continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.
(3) Flow measurement adaptor (40 CFR part 50, appendix L, figure L-30) or equivalent adaptor to facilitate measurement of sampler flow rate at the sampler downtube.
(4) Miniature temperature sensor(s), capable of being installed in the sampler without introducing air leakage and capable of measuring the sample air temperature within 1 cm of the center of the filter, downstream of the filter; with a resolution of 0.1 °C, certified accurate to within 0.5 °C, NIST-traceable, with continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals of not more than 5 minutes.
(5) Solar radiometer, to measure the intensity of the simulated solar radiation in the test environment, range of 0 to approximately 1500 W/m 2 . Optional capability for continuous (analog) recording or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes is recommended.
(6) Sample filter or filters, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L.
(d) Calibration of test measurement instruments. Submit documentation showing evidence of appropriately recent calibration, certification of calibration accuracy, and NIST-traceability (if required) of all measurement instruments used in the tests. The accuracy of flow rate meters shall be verified at the highest and lowest pressures and temperatures used in the tests and shall be checked at zero and at least one flow rate within ±3 percent of 16.7 L/min within 7 days prior to use for this test. Where an instrument's measurements are to be recorded with an analog recording device, the accuracy of the entire instrument-recorder system shall be calibrated or verified.
(e) Test setup. (1) Setup of the sampler shall be performed as required in this paragraph (e) and otherwise as described in the sampler's operation or instruction manual referred to in §53.4(b)(3). The sampler shall be installed upright and set up in the solar radiation environmental chamber in its normal configuration for collecting PM2.5 samples (with the inlet installed). The sampler's ambient and filter temperature measurement systems shall be calibrated per the sampler's operating manual within 7 days prior to this test. A sample filter shall be installed for the duration of this test. For sequential samplers, a sample filter shall also be installed in each available sequential channel or station intended for collection of a sequential sample (or at least 5 additional filters for magazine-type sequential samplers) as directed by the sampler's operation or instruction manual.
(2) The miniature temperature sensor shall be temporarily installed in the test sampler such that it accurately measures the air temperature 1 cm from the center of the filter on the downstream side of the filter. The sensor shall be installed such that no external or internal air leakage is created by the sensor installation. The sensor's dimensions and installation shall be selected to minimize temperature measurement uncertainties due to thermal conduction along the sensor mounting structure or sensor conductors. For sequential samplers, similar temperature sensors shall also be temporarily installed in the test sampler to monitor the temperature 1 cm from the center of each filter stored in the sampler for sequential sample operation.
(3) The solar radiant energy source shall be installed in the test chamber such that the entire test sampler is irradiated in a manner similar to the way it would be irradiated by solar radiation if it were located outdoors in an open area on a sunny day, with the radiation arriving at an angle of between 30° and 45° from vertical. The intensity of the radiation received by all sampler surfaces that receive direct radiation shall average 1000 ±50 W/m 2 , measured in a plane perpendicular to the incident radiation. The incident radiation shall be oriented with respect to the sampler such that the area of the sampler's ambient temperature sensor (or temperature shield) receives full, direct radiation as it would or could during normal outdoor installation. Also, the temperature sensor must not be shielded or shaded from the radiation by a sampler part in a way that would not occur at other normal insolation angles or directions.
(4) The solar radiometer shall be installed in a location where it measures thermal radiation that is generally representative of the average thermal radiation intensity that the upper portion of the sampler and sampler inlet receive. The solar radiometer shall be oriented so that it measures the radiation in a plane perpendicular to its angle of incidence.
(5) The ambient air temperature recorder shall be installed in the test chamber such that it will accurately measure the temperature of the air in the chamber without being unduly affected by the chamber's air temperature control system or by the radiant energy from the solar radiation source that may be present inside the test chamber.
(f) Procedure. (1) Set up the sampler as specified in paragraph (e) of this section and otherwise prepare the sampler for normal sample collection operation as directed in the sampler's operation or instruction manual.
(2) Remove the inlet of the candidate test sampler and install the flow measurement adaptor on the sampler's downtube. Conduct a leak check as described in the sampler's operation or instruction manual. The leak test must be properly passed before other tests are carried out.
(3) Remove the flow measurement adaptor from the downtube and re-install the sampling inlet.
(4) Activate the solar radiation source and verify that the resulting energy distribution prescribed in table E–2 of this subpart is achieved.
(5) Program the test sampler to conduct a single sampling run of 4 continuous hours. During the 4-hour sampling run, measure and record the radiant flux, ambient temperature, and filter temperature (all filter temperatures for sequential samplers) at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.
(6) At the completion of the 4-hour sampling phase, terminate the sample period, if not terminated automatically by the sampler. Continue to measure and record the radiant flux, ambient temperature, and filter temperature or temperatures for 4 additional hours at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. At the completion of the 4-hour post-sampling period, discontinue the measurements and turn off the solar source.
(7) Download all archived sampler data from the test run.
(g) Test results. Chamber radiant flux control. Examine the continuous record of the chamber radiant flux and verify that the flux met the requirements specified in table E–2 of this subpart at all times during the test. If not, the entire test is not valid and must be repeated.
(1) Filter temperature measurement accuracy. (i) For each 4-hour test period, calculate the absolute value of the difference between the mean filter temperature indicated by the sampler (active filter) and the mean filter temperature measured by the reference temperature sensor installed within 1 cm downstream of the (active) filter as:
Equation 23
where:
Tind,filter = mean filter temperature indicated by the test sampler, °C; and
Tref,filter = mean filter temperature measured by the reference temperature sensor, °C.
(ii) To successfully pass the indicated filter temperature accuracy test, the calculated difference between the measured means (Tdiff,filter) must not exceed 2 °C for each 4-hour test period.
(2) Ambient temperature measurement accuracy. (i) For each 4-hour test period, calculate the absolute value of the difference between the mean ambient air temperature indicated by the test sampler and the mean ambient air temperature measured by the reference ambient air temperature recorder as:
Equation 24
where:
Tind,ambient = mean ambient air temperature indicated by the test sampler, °C; and
Tref,ambient = mean ambient air temperature measured by the reference ambient air temperature recorder, °C.
(ii) To successfully pass the indicated ambient temperature accuracy test, the calculated difference between the measured means (Tdiff,ambient) must not exceed 2 °C for each 4-hour test period.
(3) Filter temperature control accuracy. (i) For each temperature measurement interval over each 4-hour test period, calculate the difference between the filter temperature indicated by the reference temperature sensor and the ambient temperature indicated by the test sampler as:
Equation 25
(ii) Tabulate and inspect the calculated differences as a function of time. To successfully pass the indicated filter temperature control test, the calculated difference between the measured values must not exceed 5 °C for any consecutive intervals covering more than a 30–minute time period.
(iii) For sequential samplers, repeat the test calculations for each of the stored sequential sample filters. All stored filters must also meet the 5 °C temperature control test.
[62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998]
§ 53.58 Operational field precision and blank test.
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(a) Overview. This test is intended to determine the operational precision of the candidate sampler during a minimum of 10 days of field operation, using three collocated test samplers. Measurements of PM2.5 are made at a test site with all of the samplers and then compared to determine replicate precision. Candidate sequential samplers are also subject to a test for possible deposition of particulate matter on inactive filters during a period of storage in the sampler. This procedure is applicable to both reference and equivalent methods. In the case of equivalent methods, this test may be combined and conducted concurrently with the comparability test for equivalent methods (described in subpart C of this part), using three reference method samplers collocated with three candidate equivalent method samplers and meeting the applicable site and other requirements of subpart C of this part.
(b) Technical definition. (1) Field precision is defined as the standard deviation or relative standard deviation of a set of PM2.5 measurements obtained concurrently with three or more collocated samplers in actual ambient air field operation.
(2) Storage deposition is defined as the mass of material inadvertently deposited on a sample filter that is stored in a sequential sampler either prior to or subsequent to the active sample collection period.
(c) Test site. Any outdoor test site having PM2.5 concentrations that are reasonably uniform over the test area and that meet the minimum level requirement of paragraph (g)(2) of this section is acceptable for this test.
(d) Required facilities and equipment. (1) An appropriate test site and suitable electrical power to accommodate three test samplers are required.
(2) Teflon sample filters, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, conditioned and preweighed as required by section 8 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, as needed for the test samples.
(e) Test setup. (1) Three identical test samplers shall be installed at the test site in their normal configuration for collecting PM2.5 samples in accordance with the instructions in the associated manual referred to in §53.4(b)(3) and should be in accordance with applicable supplemental guidance provided in reference 3 in appendix A of this subpart. The test samplers' inlet openings shall be located at the same height above ground and between 2 and 4 meters apart horizontally. The samplers shall be arranged or oriented in a manner that will minimize the spatial and wind directional effects on sample collection of one sampler on any other sampler.
(2) Each test sampler shall be successfully leak checked, calibrated, and set up for normal operation in accordance with the instruction manual and with any applicable supplemental guidance provided in reference 3 in appendix A of this subpart.
(f) Test procedure. (1) Install a conditioned, preweighed filter in each test sampler and otherwise prepare each sampler for normal sample collection. Set identical sample collection start and stop times for each sampler. For sequential samplers, install a conditioned, preweighed specified filter in each available channel or station intended for automatic sequential sample filter collection (or at least 5 additional filters for magazine-type sequential samplers), as directed by the sampler's operation or instruction manual. Since the inactive sequential channels are used for the storage deposition part of the test, they may not be used to collect the active PM2.5 test samples.
(2) Collect either a 24-hour or a 48-hour atmospheric PM2.5 sample simultaneously with each of the three test samplers.
(3) Following sample collection, retrieve the collected sample from each sampler. For sequential samplers, retrieve the additional stored (blank, unsampled) filters after at least 5 days (120 hours) storage in the sampler if the active samples are 24-hour samples, or after at least 10 days (240 hours) if the active samples are 48-hour samples.
(4) Determine the measured PM2.5 mass concentration for each sample in accordance with the applicable procedures prescribed for the candidate method in appendix L, 40 CFR part 50 of this chapter, in the associated manual referred to in §53.4(b)(3) and in accordance with supplemental guidance in reference 2 in appendix A of this subpart. For sequential samplers, also similarly determine the storage deposition as the net weight gain of each blank, unsampled filter after the 5–day (or 10–day) period of storage in the sampler.
(5) Repeat this procedure to obtain a total of 10 sets of any combination of 24-hour or 48-hour PM2.5 measurements over 10 test periods. For sequential samplers, repeat the 5–day (or 10–day) storage test of additional blank filters once for a total of two sets of blank filters.
(g) Calculations. (1) Record the PM2.5 concentration for each test sampler for each test period as Ci,j, where i is the sampler number (i = 1,2,3) and j is the test period (j = 1,2, . . . 10).
(2)(i) For each test period, calculate and record the average of the three measured PM2.5 concentrations as Cj where j is the test period:
Equation 26
(ii) If Cave,j < 10 µg/m 3 for any test period, data from that test period are unacceptable, and an additional sample collection set must be obtained to replace the unacceptable data.
(3)(i) Calculate and record the precision for each of the 10 test days as:
Equation 27
(ii) If Cave,j is below 40 µg/m 3 for 24-hour measurements or below 30 µg/m 3 for 48-hour measurements; or
Equation 28
(iii) If Cave,j is above 40 µg/m 3 for 24-hour measurements or above 30 µg/m 3 for 48-hour measurements.
(h) Test results. (1) The candidate method passes the precision test if all 10 Pj or RPj values meet the specifications in table E–1 of this subpart.
(2) The candidate sequential sampler passes the blank filter storage deposition test if the average net storage deposition weight gain of each set of blank filters (total of the net weight gain of each blank filter divided by the number of filters in the set) from each test sampler (six sets in all) is less than 50 µg.
§ 53.59 Aerosol transport test for Class I equivalent method samplers.
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(a) Overview. This test is intended to verify adequate aerosol transport through any modified or air flow splitting components that may be used in a Class I candidate equivalent method sampler such as may be necessary to achieve sequential sampling capability. This test is applicable to all Class I candidate samplers in which the aerosol flow path (the flow path through which sample air passes upstream of sample collection filter) differs from that specified for reference method samplers as specified in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L. The test requirements and performance specifications for this test are summarized in table E–1 of this subpart.
(b) Technical definitions. (1) Aerosol transport is the percentage of a laboratory challenge aerosol which penetrates to the active sample filter of the candidate equivalent method sampler.
(2) The active sample filter is the exclusive filter through which sample air is flowing during performance of this test.
(3) A no-flow filter is a sample filter through which no sample air is intended to flow during performance of this test.
(4) A channel is any of two or more flow paths that the aerosol may take, only one of which may be active at a time.
(5) An added component is any physical part of the sampler which is different in some way from that specified for a reference method sampler in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, such as a device or means to allow or cause the aerosol to be routed to one of several channels.
(c) Required facilities and test equipment. (1) Aerosol generation system, as specified in §53.62(c)(2).
(2) Aerosol delivery system, as specified in §53.64(c)(2).
(3) Particle size verification equipment, as specified in §53.62(c)(3).
(4) Fluorometer, as specified in §53.62(c)(7).
(5) Candidate test sampler, with the inlet and impactor or impactors removed, and with all internal surfaces of added components electroless nickel coated as specified in §53.64(d)(2).
(6) Filters that are appropriate for use with fluorometric methods (e.g., glass fiber).
(d) Calibration of test measurement instruments. Submit documentation showing evidence of appropriately recent calibration, certification of calibration accuracy, and NIST-traceability (if required) of all measurement instruments used in the tests. The accuracy of flow rate meters shall be verified at the highest and lowest pressures and temperatures used in the tests and shall be checked at zero and at least one flow rate within ±3 percent of 16.7 L/min within 7 days prior to use for this test. Where an instrument's measurements are to be recorded with an analog recording device, the accuracy of the entire instrument-recorder system shall be calibrated or verified.
(e) Test setup. (1) The candidate test sampler shall have its inlet and impactor or impactors removed. The lower end of the down tube shall be reconnected to the filter holder, using an extension of the downtube, if necessary. If the candidate sampler has a separate impactor for each channel, then for this test, the filter holder assemblies must be connected to the physical location on the sampler where the impactors would normally connect.
(2) The test particle delivery system shall be connected to the sampler downtube so that the test aerosol is introduced at the top of the downtube.
(f) Test procedure. (1) All surfaces of the added or modified component or components which come in contact with the aerosol flow shall be thoroughly washed with 0.01 N NaOH and then dried.
(2) Generate aerosol. (i) Generate aerosol composed of oleic acid with a uranine fluorometric tag of 3 ±0.25 µm aerodynamic diameter using a vibrating orifice aerosol generator according to conventions specified in §53.61(g).
(ii) Check for the presence of satellites and adjust the generator to minimize their production.
(iii) Calculate the aerodynamic particle size using the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator. The calculated aerodynamic diameter must be 3 ±0.25 µm aerodynamic diameter.
(3) Verify the particle size according to procedures specified in §53.62(d)(4)(i).
(4) Collect particles on filters for a time period such that the relative error of the resulting measured fluorometric concentration for the active filter is less than 5 percent.
(5) Determine the quantity of material collected on the active filter using a calibrated fluorometer. Record the mass of fluorometric material for the active filter as Mactive (i) where i = the active channel number.
(6) Determine the quantity of material collected on each no-flow filter using a calibrated fluorometer. Record the mass of fluorometric material on each no-flow filter as Mno-flow.
(7) Using 0.01 N NaOH, wash the surfaces of the added component or components which contact the aerosol flow. Determine the quantity of material collected using a calibrated fluorometer. Record the mass of fluorometric material collected in the wash as Mwash.
(8) Calculate the aerosol transport as:
Equation 29
where:
i = the active channel number.
(9) Repeat paragraphs (f)(1) through (8) of this section for each channel, making each channel in turn the exclusive active channel.
(g) Test results. The candidate Class I sampler passes the aerosol transport test if T(i) is at least 97 percent for each channel.
Table E–1 to Subpart E of Part 53—Summary of Test Requirements for Reference and Class I Equivalent Methods for PM2.5
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Part 50,
Subpart E Procedure Performance Test Performance Test Conditions Appendix L
Specification Reference
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
§ 53.52 Sampler leak check Sampler leak check External leakage: Controlled leak Sec. 7.4.6
test. facility 80 mL/min, max flow rate of 80
Internal leakage: mL/min
80 mL/min, max
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
§ 53.53 Base flow rate test.. Sample flow rate: 1. 16.67 (a) 6-hour normal Sec. 7.4.1
1. Mean ±5%, L/min operational test Sec. 7.4.2
2. Regulation 2. 2%, max plus flow rate Sec. 7.4.3
3. Meas. accuracy 3. 2%, max cut-off test Sec. 7.4.4
4. CV accuracy 4. 0.3%, max (b) Nominal Sec. 7.4.5
5. Cut-off 5. Flow rate cut- conditions
off if flow rate (c) Additional 55
deviates more mm Hg pressure
than 10% from drop to simulate
design flow rate loaded filter
for (d) Variable flow
>60±30 restriction used
seconds for cut-off test
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
§ 53.54 Power interruption Sample flow rate: 1. (a) 6-hour normal Sec. 7.4.1
test. 1. Mean 16.67±5%, operational test Sec. 7.4.2
2. Regulation L/min (b) Nominal Sec. 7.4.3
3. Meas. accuracy 2. 2%, max conditions Sec. 7.4.5
4. CV accuracy 3. 2%, max (c) Additional 55 Sec. 7.4.12
5. Occurrence time 4. 0.3%, max mm Hg pressure Sec. 7.4.13
of power 5. ±2 min drop to simulate Sec. 7.4.15.4
interruptions if >60 seconds loaded filter Sec. 7.4.15.5
6. Elapsed sample 6. ±20 (d) 6 power
time seconds interruptions of
7. Sample volume 7. ±2%, max various durations
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
§ 53.55 Temperature and line Sample flow rate: 1. (a) 6-hour normal Sec. 7.4.1
voltage effect test. 1. Mean 16.67±5%, operational test Sec. 7.4.2
2. Regulation L/min (b) Nominal Sec. 7.4.3
3. Meas. accuracy 2. 2 %, max conditions Sec. 7.4.5
4. CV accuracy 3. 2 %, max (c) Additional 55 Sec. 7.4.8
5. Temperature 4. 0.3 %, max mm Hg pressure Sec. 7.4.15.1
meas. accuracy 5. 2 °C drop to simulate
6. Proper operation loaded filter
(d) Ambient
temperature at -
20 and +40 °C
(e) Line voltage:
105 Vac to 125
Vac
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
§ 53.56 Barometric pressure Sample flow rate: 1. (a) 6-hour normal Sec. 7.4.1
effect test. 1. Mean 16.67±5%, operational test Sec. 7.4.2
2. Regulation L/min (b) Nominal Sec. 7.4.3
3. Meas. accuracy 2. 2%, max conditions Sec. 7.4.5
4. CV accuracy 3. 2%, max (c) Additional 55 Sec. 7.4.9
5. Pressure meas. 4. 0.3%, max mm Hg pressure
accuracy 5. 10 mm Hg drop to simulate
6. Proper operation loaded filter
(d) Barometric
pressure at 600
and 800 mm Hg.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
§ 53.57 Filter temperature 1. Filter temp 1. 2 °C (a) 4-hour Sec. 7.4.8
control test. meas. accuracy 2. 2 °C simulated solar Sec. 7.4.10
2. Ambient temp. 3. Not more than 5 radiation, Sec. 7.4.11
meas. accuracy °C above sampling
3. Filter temp ambient temp. for (b) 4-hour
control accuracy, more than 30 min simulated solar
sampling and non- radiation, non-
sampling sampling
(c) Solar flux of
1000±50W/
m\2\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
§ 53.58 Field precision test. 1. Measurement 1. Pj <2 (a) 3 collocated Sec. 5.1
precision µg/m\3\ for samplers at 1 Sec. 7.3.5
2. Storage conc. <40 site for at least Sec. 8
deposition test µg/m\3\ (24- 10 days Sec. 9
for sequential hr) or <30 (b) PM2.5 Sec. 10
samplers µg/m\3\ (48- conc.>=10
hr); or µg/m\3\
RPj < 5% for (c) 24- or 48-hour
conc. >40 samples
µg/m3 (24- (d) 5- or 10-day
hr) or >30 storage period
µg/m3 (48- for inactive
hr) stored filters
2. 50 µg,
max weight gain
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Following Requirement is Applicable to Candidate Equivalent Methods Only
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
§ 53.59 Aerosol transport Aerosol transport 97%, min, for all Determine aerosol
test. channels transport through
any new or
modified
components with
respect to the
reference method
sampler before
the filter for
each channel.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998]
Table E–2 to Subpart E of Part 53—Spectral Energy Distribution and Permitted Tolerance for Conducting Radiative Tests
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
Spectral Region
Characteristic -----------------------------------------------------
Ultraviolet Visible Infrared
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bandwidth 0.28 to 0.32 0.32 0.40 to 0.78 0.78 to 3.00
(µm) to 0.40
Irradiance (W/ 5 56 450 to 550 439
m\2\)
Allowed Tolerance ±35% ±10% ±10%
±25%
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998]
Figure E–1 to Subpart E of Part 53—Designation Testing Checklist
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DESIGNATION TESTING CHECKLIST
__________ __________ __________
Auditee Auditor signature Date
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Compliance Status: Y = Yes N = No NA = Not applicable/
Not available Verification
------------------------------------------------------ Comments
Verification Verified by Direct Observation (Includes
-------------------- of Process or of Documented documentation of
Evidence: Performance, Design or who, what, where,
Application Spec. Corresponding when, why) (Doc.
Y N NA to Sections of 40 CFR Part 53 or #, Rev. #, Rev.
40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L Date)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Performance Specification Tests
..... ..... Sample flow rate coefficient of
variation (§ 53.53) (L-
7.4.3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Filter temperature control
(sampling) (§ 53.57) (L-
7.4.10)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Elapsed sample time accuracy
(§ 53.54) (L-7.4.13)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Filter temperature control (post
sampling) (§ 53.57) (L-
7.4.10)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Application Specification Tests
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Field Precision (§ 53.58)
(L-5.1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Meets all Appendix L
requirements (part 53, subpart
A, § 53.2(a)(3)) (part 53,
subpart E, § 53.51(a),(d))
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Filter Weighing (L-8)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Field Sampling Procedure (§
53.30, .31, .34)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Design Specification Tests
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Filter ( L-6)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Range of Operational Conditions
(L-7.4.7)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Following Requirements Apply Only to Class I Candidate Equivalent
Methods
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Aerosol Transport (§ 53.59)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Figure E–2 to Subpart E of Part 53—Product Manufacturing Checklist
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PRODUCT MANUFACTURING CHECKLIST
__________ __________ __________
Auditee Auditor signature Date
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Compliance Status: Y = Yes N = No NA = Not applicable/
Not available Verification
------------------------------------------------------ Comments
Verification Verified by Direct Observation (Includes
-------------------- of Process or of Documented documentation of
Evidence: Performance, Design or who, what, where,
Application Spec. Corresponding when, why) (Doc.
Y N NA to Sections of 40 CFR Part 53 or #, Rev. #, Rev.
40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L Date)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Performance Specification Tests
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Assembled operational
performance (Burn-in test)
(§ 53.53)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Sample flow rate (§ 53.53)
(L-7.4.1, L-7.4.2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Sample flow rate regulation
(§ 53.53) (L-7.4.3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Flow rate and average flow rate
measurement accuracy (§
53.53) (L-7.4.5)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Ambient air temperature
measurement accuracy (§
53.55) (L-7.4.8)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Ambient barometric pressure
measurement accuracy (§
53.56) (L-7.4.9)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Sample flow rate cut-off
(§ 53.53) (L-7.4.4)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Sampler leak check facility
(§ 53.52) (L-7.4.6)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Application Specification Tests
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Flow rate calibration transfer
standard (L-9.2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Operational /Instructional
manual (L-7.4.18)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Design Specification Tests
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Impactor (jet width) (§
53.51(d)(1)) (L-7.3.4.1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
..... ..... Surface finish (§ 53.51(
d)(2)) (L-7.3.7)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Appendix A to Subpart E of Part 53—References
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(1) Quality systems—Model for quality assurance in design, development, production, installation and servicing, ISO 9001. July 1994. Available from American Society for Quality Control, 611 East Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53202.
(2) American National Standard—Specifications and Guidelines for Quality Systems for Environmental Data Collection and Environmental Technology Programs. ANSI/ASQC E4-1994. January 1995. Available from American Society for Quality Control, 611 East Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53202.
(3) Copies of section 2.12 of the Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems, Volume II, Ambient Air Specific Methods, EPA/600/R-94/038b, are available from Department E (MD-77B), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.
(4) Military standard specification (mil. spec.) 8625F, Type II, Class 1 as listed in Department of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards (DODISS), available from DODSSP-Customer Service, Standardization Documents Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 1911-5094.
(5) Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems, Volume IV: Meteorological Measurements. Revised March, 1995. EPA-600/R-94-038d. Available from U.S. EPA, ORD Publications Office, Center for Environmental Research Information (CERI), 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268-1072 (513-569-7562).
(6) Military standard specification (mil. spec.) 810-E as listed in Department of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards (DODISS), available from DODSSP-Customer Service, Standardization Documents Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 1911-5094.
Subpart F—Procedures for Testing Performance Characteristics of Class II Equivalent Methods for PM2.5
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Source: 62 FR 38814, July 18, 1997, unless otherwise noted.
§ 53.60 General provisions.
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(a) This subpart sets forth the specific requirements that a PM2.5 sampler associated with a candidate Class II equivalent method must meet to be designated as an equivalent method for PM2.5. This subpart also sets forth the explicit test procedures that must be carried out and the test results, evidence, documentation, and other materials that must be provided to EPA to demonstrate that a sampler meets all specified requirements for designation as an equivalent method.
(b) A candidate method described in an application for a reference or equivalent method application submitted under §53.4 shall be determined by the EPA to be a Class II candidate equivalent method on the basis of the definition of a Class II equivalent method given in §53.1.
(c) Any sampler associated with a Class II candidate equivalent method (Class II sampler) must meet all requirements for reference method samplers and Class I equivalent method samplers specified in subpart E of this part, as appropriate. In addition, a Class II sampler must meet the additional requirements as specified in paragraph (d) of this section.
(d) Except as provided in paragraphs (d) (1), (2), and (3) of this section, all Class II samplers are subject to the additional tests and performance requirements specified in §53.62 (full wind tunnel test), §53.65 (loading test), and §53.66 (volatility test). Alternative tests and performance requirements, as described in paragraphs (d)(1), (2), and (3) of this section, are optionally available for certain Class II samplers which meet the requirements for reference method or Class I samplers given in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, and in subpart E of this part, except for specific deviations of the inlet, fractionator, or filter.
(1) Inlet deviation. A sampler which has been determined to be a Class II sampler solely because the design or construction of its inlet deviates from the design or construction of the inlet specified in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, for reference method samplers shall not be subject to the requirements of §53.62 (full wind tunnel test), provided that it meets all requirements of §53.63 (wind tunnel inlet aspiration test), §53.65 (loading test), and §53.66 (volatility test).
(2) Fractionator deviation. A sampler which has been determined to be a Class II sampler solely because the design or construction of its particle size fractionator deviates from the design or construction of the particle size fractionator specified in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L for reference method samplers shall not be subject to the requirements of §53.62 (full wind tunnel test), provided that it meets all requirements of §53.64 (static fractionator test), §53.65 (loading test), and §53.66 (volatility test).
(3) Filter size deviation. A sampler which has been determined to be a Class II sampler solely because its effective filtration area deviates from that of the reference method filter specified in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, for reference method samplers shall not be subject to the requirements of §53.62 (full wind tunnel test) nor §53.65 (loading test), provided it meets all requirements of §53.66 (volatility test).
(e) The test specifications and acceptance criteria for each test are summarized in table F–1 of this subpart. The candidate sampler must demonstrate performance that meets the acceptance criteria for each applicable test to be designated as an equivalent method.
(f) Overview of various test procedures for Class II samplers—(1) Full wind tunnel test. This test procedure is designed to ensure that the candidate sampler's effectiveness (aspiration of an ambient aerosol and penetration of the sub 2.5-micron fraction to its sample filter) will be comparable to that of a reference method sampler. The candidate sampler is challenged at wind speeds of 2 and 24 km/hr with monodisperse aerosols of the size specified in table F–2 of this subpart. The experimental test results are then integrated with three idealized ambient distributions (typical, fine, and coarse) to yield the expected mass concentration measurement for each. The acceptance criteria are based on the results of this numerical analysis and the particle diameter for which the sampler effectiveness is 50 percent.
(2) Wind tunnel inlet aspiration test. The wind tunnel inlet aspiration test directly compares the inlet of the candidate sampler to the inlet of a reference method sampler with the single-sized, liquid, monodisperse challenge aerosol specified in table F–2 of this subpart at wind speeds of 2 km/hr and 24 km/hr. The acceptance criteria, presented in table F–1 of this subpart, is based on the relative aspiration between the candidate inlet and the reference method inlet.
(3) Static fractionator test. The static fractionator test determines the effectiveness of the candidate sampler's 2.5-micron fractionator under static conditions for aerosols of the size specified in table F–2 of this subpart. The numerical analysis procedures and acceptance criteria are identical to those in the full wind tunnel test.
(4) Loading test. The loading test is conducted to ensure that the performance of a candidate sampler is not significantly affected by the amount of particulate deposited on its interior surfaces between periodic cleanings. The candidate sampler is artificially loaded by sampling a test environment containing aerosolized, standard test dust. The duration of the loading phase is dependent on both the time between cleaning as specified by the candidate method and the aerosol mass concentration in the test environment. After loading, the candidate's performance must then be evaluated by §53.62 (full wind tunnel evaluation), §53.64 (wind tunnel inlet aspiration test), or §53.64 (static fractionator test). If the results of the appropriate test meet the criteria presented in table F–1 of this subpart, then the candidate sampler passes the loading test under the condition that it be cleaned at least as often as the cleaning frequency proposed by the candidate method and that has been demonstrated to be acceptable by this test.
(5) Volatility test. The volatility test challenges the candidate sampler with a polydisperse, semi-volatile liquid aerosol. This aerosol is simultaneously sampled by the candidate method sampler and a reference method sampler for a specified time period. Clean air is then passed through the samplers during a blow-off time period. Residual mass is then calculated as the weight of the filter after the blow-off phase is subtracted from the initial weight of the filter. Acceptance criteria are based on a comparison of the residual mass measured by the candidate sampler (corrected for flow rate variations from that of the reference method) to the residual mass measured by the reference method sampler for several specified clean air sampling time periods. (continued)