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(continued)
(1) Conversion Factors. The conversion factors used for measurement of the quantity of solid waste may be those from published sources and/or those derived from test measurements developed by a jurisdiction. A solid waste generation study shall cite all published sources of conversion factors used by a jurisdiction. For conversion factors derived from test measurements developed by a jurisdiction, a jurisdiction shall include in the solid waste generation study, a summary of the test measurement methods used. Conversion factors submitted by a jurisdiction are subject to approval by the Board at the time of the Board's consideration of approval of a jurisdiction's submitted SRR Element.
(A) By January 1, 1992, the Board shall complete a study and compile a list of acceptable conversion factors for each specific waste type listed in (j) of this section.
(2) Generation. For solid wastes sampled or estimated to be produced at the sources of generation, e.g., residential units and commercial units, or at solid waste transfer stations, the quantity of solid wastes generated shall be reported in weight. Data collected in terms of volume shall be converted to weight.
(3) Diversion. For solid wastes which are diverted from transformation and disposal facilities, and which are sampled by means of a quantitative field analysis at recycling, composting and solid waste reduction facilities, the quantities of solid wastes which are diverted by means of recycling, composting or source reduction shall be reported in weight. Data collected in terms of volume shall be converted to weight.
For solid wastes which are diverted from transformation and disposal facilities, and which are not sampled by means of a quantitative field analysis but which are estimated from existing records to be diverted from transformation or disposal facilities, the quantities of solid waste which are diverted by means of recycling, composting or source reduction shall be reported in weight. Data collected in terms of volume shall be converted to weight.
(4) Transformation and Disposal. For solid wastes sampled or estimated to be received at solid waste transformation facilities and solid waste disposal sites, the quantity of solid wastes disposed shall be reported in both volume and weight. For solid wastes disposed in permitted solid waste landfills the volume measurement shall be expressed in terms of in-place volume in the landfill, after compaction, as measured in a waste cell in the upper lift of a waste management unit excluding the volume of cover material in the cell. For the purposes of this section, cell is defined in Section 17225.9, of title 14 of the California Code of Regulations. For the purposes of this section, waste management unit is defined in Public Resources Code section 43000(a).
(A) When solid waste volumes are recorded as uncompacted solid wastes or solid wastes compacted in refuse vehicles or solid waste transfer trailers, a jurisdiction shall state the conversion factors used to convert these volumes to in-place volumes in the landfill. A solid waste generation study shall cite all published sources of conversion factors for solid waste volumes used by a jurisdiction.
(5) Mixed Loads. If a refuse collection vehicle chosen for sampling has a mixed load of solid waste that is collected from more than one source of generation, or from more than one jurisdiction, a weight or volume fraction (i.e., the quantity) arising from each source of generation or jurisdiction along the collection route shall be estimated. This estimation shall be proportionally based on the number of residential, commercial and industrial units from the solid waste collection route sampled, and/or on the weight or volume of the contents of each refuse container which is sampled at the source(s) of generation. Where the number of units, or weight or volume of each refuse container, are determined by a jurisdiction to be unavailable, a jurisdiction may use population estimates to proportionally allocate the origins of solid wastes.
(6) Weight to be Used for Compliance with Diversion Standards. The total weight of solid waste generated by a jurisdiction and diverted from disposal shall be the standard by which the Board shall measure a jurisdiction's compliance with the statutory diversion requirements of section 41780 of the Public Resources Code.
(g) Determination of Solid Waste Generation. The total solid waste generated by a jurisdiction shall be the sum of the total solid waste disposed, as quantified in the solid waste disposal characterization, plus the total solid waste diverted from permitted solid waste landfills and transformation facilities through any combination of existing source reduction, recycling, and composting programs, as quantified in the solid waste diversion characterization.
(1) The total quantity of solid waste disposed shall include only solid waste transformed or disposed in permitted solid waste transformation or disposal facilities. Solid wastes placed in illegal dumps or unpermitted landfills cannot be counted as a part of the total solid waste generated, for the purposes of the solid waste generation study.
(2) Expressed as an equation, the total solid waste generated by the jurisdiction shall be computed as follows:
GEN = DISP + DIVERT

where:
GEN = the total quantity of solid waste generated within the jurisdiction.
DISP = the total quantity of solid waste, generated within the jurisdiction, which is transformed or disposed in permitted solid waste facilities.
DIVERT = the total quantity of solid waste, generated within the jurisdiction, which is diverted from permitted solid waste transformation and disposal facilities, through existing source reduction, recycling, and composting programs.
(h) Representative Sampling of Solid Waste. The solid waste generation study shall be performed in two (2) parts, consisting of:
(1) a representative determination of the composition and quantity of solid waste disposed within and by the jurisdiction, i.e., a waste disposal characterization, and,
(2) a representative determination of the composition and quantity of solid waste generated within the jurisdiction which is diverted from solid waste landfills and solid waste transformation facilities, i.e., a waste diversion characterization.
(A) A solid waste generation study shall be representative of all residential, commercial, industrial and other sources of waste generation in the jurisdiction. It shall also be representative of all solid waste source reduction, recycling, composting, transformation and disposal activities and facilities in the jurisdiction or used by the jurisdiction and its residents and businesses.
(i) Identification of Solid Waste Sources, Categories and Types. The solid waste generation study shall identify all significant sources of solid waste generated by a jurisdiction, identify all solid waste diversion programs and activities in a jurisdiction, all solid waste diversion facilities used by a jurisdiction which are either located in that jurisdiction or used by that jurisdiction, and identify all permitted solid waste transformation and disposal facilities used by a jurisdiction. The solid waste generation study shall identify solid wastes generated, diverted and disposed by volume and/or weight, according to the requirements of section 18722(f) of this article, and by waste category and waste type from the following sources of generation within the jurisdiction:
(A) residential
(B) commercial
(C) industrial
(D) other sources
The source of waste generation listed in (D) above and titled "other sources," may be used by a jurisdiction to identify sources of solid waste generation which it determines are not categorized as residential, commercial, or industrial sources of waste generation. Some examples of "other sources" of solid waste generators are: state and national parks and recreation areas, and self-haul vehicles.
(1) Sampling Period. Solid waste diversion and disposal characterizations shall demonstrate the composition and quantity of solid wastes diverted and disposed by the jurisdiction during a continuous twelve month period subsequent to 1984, pursuant to the requirements set forth in sections 18722(a) and (b) of this article. Data collection is not required for each day of the sampling period.
(2) Seasonal Variations. A solid waste generation study shall quantify seasonal variations in solid waste generation.
A. For a jurisdiction which uses a quantitative field analysis for the initial solid waste generation study prepared for the SRR Element, only one sampling period (e.g., one week) is required for each of the seasons identified by a jurisdiction that occur within the 6-month sampling period chosen by a jurisdiction. Only that amount of waste which enables a jurisdiction to meet the requirements of Section 41780(a)(1) of the Public Resources Code needs to be sampled by a jurisdiction.
A jurisdiction may use existing data from its own jurisdiction or from a similar jurisdiction, as defined in Section 18724(c) of this article, to determine the seasonal variation in the quantities and composition of solid wastes, and to determine the seasonal ratios of solid wastes generated, diverted and disposed, if the jurisdiction cannot obtain such data during its 6-month sampling period.
B. In subsequent solid waste generation studies prepared for revisions of SRR Elements, the data for a quantitative field analysis shall be collected with a frequency sufficient to sample the solid waste generated during all seasons identified by the jurisdiction, and in the amount needed to satisfy the requirements of section 41780 of the Public Resources Code.
C. For all solid waste generation studies, data collection is not required for each day of the seasons identified. In each season identified by a jurisdiction, the frequency of sampling shall be sufficient to provide a representative characterization of solid wastes generated, diverted, and disposed in the amounts needed to satisfy the requirements of section 41780 of the Public Resources Code. In subsequent solid waste generation studies, the frequency of sampling shall be statistically representative of the seasons sampled.
(3) Marine Wastes. A jurisdiction shall, in its solid waste generation study, identify all marine wastes generated in the jurisdiction and assign them to the waste categories and waste types listed in (j) of this section, or shall demonstrate that marine wastes generated within the jurisdiction have been accounted for within the commercial sources of solid waste generation.
(j) Solid Waste Categories and Types. A solid waste generation study shall identify solid waste generation, within a jurisdiction, by volume and weight, in accordance with the requirements of (f) of this section. A solid waste generation study shall identify solid waste generation within a jurisdiction by the following waste categories denoted by numerals 1 through 8, and the waste types which are identified by letter within each waste category:
(1) Paper:
(A) corrugated containers and brown paper bags
(B) mixed paper
(C) newspaper
(D) high grade ledger paper
(E) other paper
(2) Plastics:
(A) high-density polyethylene (HDPE) containers
(B) polyethylene terephthalate (PET) containers
(C) film plastics
(D) other plastics
(3) Glass:
(A) refillable glass beverage containers
(B) California Redemption Value glass
(C) other recyclable glass
(D) other non-recyclable glass
(4) Metals:
(A) aluminum cans
(B) bi-metal containers
(C) ferrous metals and tin cans
(D) non-ferrous metals including aluminum scrap
(E) white goods
(F) other metals
(5) Yard Waste, including leaves, grass, and prunings
(6) Other Organics:
(A) food waste
(B) tires and rubber products
(C) wood wastes
(D) agricultural crop residues
(E) manure
(F) textiles and leather
(G) other miscellaneous organics
(7) Other Wastes:
(A) inert solids, including rock, concrete, brick, sand, soil,
fines, asphalt, sheetrock
(B) household hazardous waste materials and discarded
household hazardous waste materials containers
(8) Special Wastes:
(A) ash
(B) sewage sludge
(C) industrial sludge
(D) asbestos
(E) auto shredder waste
(F) auto bodies
(G) other special wastes
A jurisdiction may add additional waste types to this list, but only if the quantities of these additional waste types are not duplicates of the reported quantities of the waste types given in the list above.
(k) Composite Solid Wastes. A jurisdiction shall, in the case of a composite solid waste material which is readily separable into individual components, estimate in a solid waste generation study the separate percent contribution, by volume or weight, of each identifiable and separable waste category and waste type in the composite solid waste material.
(l) Sampling Methodologies. Each jurisdiction shall use one or more of the methodologies listed in (1) through (4) of this subsection, to characterize the waste categories, waste types and quantities of the solid wastes generated within the jurisdiction and diverted or disposed in solid waste landfills or transformation facilities, using the waste categories and types given in Sections 18722(i) and (j) of this article.
(1) Quantitative Field Analysis. The quantitative field analysis methodology shall be conducted using data which is collected in the field either from the sources of generation, from refuse collection vehicles or solid waste transfer vehicles; solid waste source reduction, recycling, and composting programs and facilities; and/or permitted solid waste transformation and disposal facilities.
For the purposes of this section, quantitative field analysis consists of two steps: (1) the physical separation and sorting of residential, commercial, industrial or other solid wastes, and/or the visual survey of the composition of the solid wastes contained in self-haul vehicles, industrial solid wastes contained in debris boxes or other industrial solid waste containers, and (2) the physical measurement or accurate estimation and recording of the weight and/or volume of the solid wastes observed when performing step (1).
(2) Materials Flow Methodology. A materials flow methodology is one in which a jurisdiction estimates, using data on the quantities of specific commodities sold in the jurisdiction's marketplace, the quantity of solid wastes generated as a result of sales of those commodities. With this methodology, adjustments are to be made for (a) import and export of commodities to and from a jurisdiction, (b) commodity lifetime, and (c) other variables identified by a jurisdiction.
(3) Jurisdiction-Specific Data. This methodology is one in which a jurisdiction uses existing published data to estimate the amounts of solid wastes specific to its jurisdiction, e.g., data on demolition and construction wastes, sludges, automobile bodies, nonhazardous industrial wastes, incinerator residues, and other solid wastes which cannot be easily sampled or estimated by another methodology allowed by this section.
(4) Existing Data from Comparable Jurisdictions. The comparable jurisdiction methodology is one by which the jurisdiction analyzes solid waste generated in the jurisdiction by using existing solid waste composition data from another jurisdiction or jurisdictions in California, except as allowed in the following paragraphs of this subsection.
The use of out-of-state waste composition data is acceptable, provided that the jurisdiction submits with its solid waste generation study a statement of justification which satisfies its burden of proof of demonstrating the following:
1. The out-of-state data must be comparable to data available within California, and satisfy the requirements of subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) of this section;
2. The statutory and regulatory framework of the state from which the data is derived must be consistent with the California Integrated Waste Management Act of 1989, as amended, and its attendant regulations, such that it is evident that the framework has not significantly impacted the relative composition of the solid wastes disposed and diverted in that state.
As a part of demonstrating the data's comparability and legal consistency, a jurisdiction shall submit a complete copy of the following, at the time the jurisdiction submits its SRR Element for the Board's consideration:
i). the waste characterization study and composition data it is using, and
ii). the solid waste statutory and regulatory framework of the state from which the study and data originated.
For the purposes of this section, out-of-state data refers only to data obtained from other states of the United States.
Except for the initial solid waste generation study, and as allowed by section 18724(c) of this article, data from another jurisdiction may be used to characterize the composition of solid waste generated only if all of the following criteria are met:
(A) the jurisdiction's population is within plus or minus 10% of that of the jurisdiction conducting the solid waste generation study; and
(B) the jurisdiction's total residential solid waste tonnage disposed is within plus or minus 10% of the total residential tonnage disposed by the jurisdiction conducting the solid waste generation study, or the jurisdiction's number of residential dwelling units is within plus or minus 10% of the number of residential units of the jurisdiction conducting the solid waste generation study; and
(C) the jurisdiction's total commercial solid waste tonnage disposed is within plus or minus 10% of the total commercial tonnage disposed by the jurisdiction conducting the solid waste generation study, or the jurisdiction's number of commercial units is within plus or minus 10% of the number of commercial units of the jurisdiction conducting the solid waste generation study.
(m) Solid Wastes Countable Towards Diversion.
For purposes of determining the quantity and types of solid wastes diverted, only those solid wastes which are normally disposed of at permitted solid waste landfills or permitted solid waste transformation facilities, and which are allowed to be counted toward the statutory diversion mandates pursuant to Sections 41781(a) and (b) of the Public Resources Code, as amended shall be included.
(n) Unacceptability of Double and Multiple Counting. A jurisdiction shall not double count or multiple count solid wastes that are diverted from disposal by recycling, composting and source reduction programs and facilities.
(o) Accuracy of Data. A jurisdiction shall, in compiling necessary data on the quantities and composition of solid wastes generated, diverted and disposed, develop a system of reporting procedures which will, as accurately as possible, quantify data reported from local governments, special districts, solid waste haulers, solid waste facility operators, scrap dealers, recycling facilities, recycling programs, and source reduction programs, for the purposes of the preparation of the SRRE, the Household Hazardous Waste Element, and the Countywide Siting Element. This system of reporting shall be separately outlined in the solid waste generation study when it is submitted to the Board.

Note: Authority cited: Sections 40502 and 41824, Public Resources Code. Reference: Sections 41003, 41030, 41031, 41033, 41300, 41303, 41330, 41331, 41333, 41780, 41781 and 41821, Public Resources Code.





s 18724. Additional Requirements and Guidelines for the Initial Solid Waste Generation Study.
In addition to the general requirements in section 18722 of this article, the following requirements pertain to a jurisdiction's preparation of the initial solid waste generation study for the initial SRR Element.
(a) Initial Solid Waste Generation Study Submission Dates. Each city, which is not a city and county, shall submit the initial solid waste generation study, as a part of its SRR Element, to the county in which it is located by July 1, 1991, except as provided by section 41000(b) of the Public Resources Code. Each county, and city and county, shall complete the initial solid waste generation study, as a part of its SRR Element, by July 1, 1991, except as provided by section 41000(b) of the Public Resources Code.
(b) Regional and Joint Solid Waste Generation Studies. In addition to the methodologies given in section 18722(l) of this article, for the initial solid waste generation study,
a jurisdiction may use data collected on an aggregate basis for a joint or regional study of which a jurisdiction is a part. For the purposes of this section, data collected on an aggregate basis are data which are collected at solid waste facilities and recycling facilities which may not be readily disaggregated to a level in which an individual jurisdiction's solid waste generators, waste categories and/or waste types can be identified.
The aggregate data shall be disaggregated on a proportional basis, relative to the applicable demographic, economic, and residential, commercial and industrial characteristics of each jurisdiction participating in the regional or joint study. The initial solid waste generation study shall outline and describe how the proportional allocations of solid waste generated, diverted and disposed were determined and applied to the preparation of the solid waste generation study.
(c) Use of Pre-existing Solid Waste Generation Studies and Data. In addition to the methods given in section 18722(l) of this Article, for the initial solid waste generation study, a jurisdiction may use pre-existing solid waste generation studies or data on solid waste composition that have been prepared, subsequent to 1984, by the Board and/or by jurisdictions in California or out-of-state which have similar demographic (e.g., dwelling unit size, family size), and economic (e.g., income, employment), or solid waste (e.g., waste composition, relative proportions of solid waste generators) characteristics.
The use of out-of-state waste composition data is acceptable, provided that the jurisdiction submits with its solid waste generation study a statement of justification which satisfies its burden of proof by demonstrating the following:
1. the out-of-state data must be comparable to data available within California, and satisfy the requirements of subsection (c) of this section; and
2. the statutory and regulatory framework of the state from which the data is derived must be consistent with the California Integrated Waste Management Act of 1989, as amended, and its attendant regulations, such that it is evident that the framework has not significantly impacted the relative composition of the solid wastes disposed and diverted in that state.
As a part of demonstrating the data's comparability and legal consistency, a jurisdiction shall submit a complete copy of the following, at the time the jurisdiction submits its SRR Element for the Board's consideration:
i) the waste characterization study and composition data it is using, and
ii) the solid waste statutory and regulatory framework of the state from which the study and data originated.
For the purposes of this section, out-of-state data refers only to data obtained from other states of the United States.
A jurisdiction using solid waste generation studies or data from the Board and/or another jurisdiction with similar demographic, economic and solid waste characteristics shall list and describe in its solid waste generation study all the major characteristics which are similar between the two jurisdictions relative to the study.
(d) Measuring Solid Waste Quantity for Diversion Mandates. If a jurisdiction chooses to count specific waste types towards its statutory diversion mandates, a jurisdiction shall identify those waste types in the initial solid waste generation study.
(e) Sampling Period - Field Study and Data Projection. If a quantitative field analysis and/or materials flow methodology, as described in section 18722(l) of this Article, are used, data for the initial solid waste generation study shall be collected in the field during a continuous six month period subsequent to 1984 and prior to the adoption of the initial SRR Element by a jurisdiction. Based on the data collected during the 6-month field study, a jurisdiction shall project the types and quantities of solid waste generated, diverted and disposed for the following 6-month period. The field data and the projection, when combined, shall constitute the continuous 12-month study required by section 18722(i)(1) of this article.
(f) Sampling by Quantitative Field Analysis. If a quantitative field analysis for the initial solid waste generation study is selected for use by a jurisdiction, the quantitative field analysis may be conducted using the sampling procedures outlined in Appendix 1. "General Guidelines for Sampling When Performing a Quantitative Field Analysis for a Solid Waste Generation Study" (11/90).
(g) Aggregate Data. In the preparation of the initial solid waste generation study, jurisdictions jointly developing or collecting aggregate data on a county or regional basis shall use only that data related to the quantities of solid waste generated within that region, not data on quantities of solid waste generated within other regions.

Note: Authority cited: Sections 40502 and 41824, Public Resources Code. Reference: Sections 41000, 41030, 41031, 41033, 41300, 41330, 41332, 41333, 41781 and 41823, Public Resources Code.





s 18726. Solid Waste Generation Studies for Revised SRR Elements.
In addition to the general requirements in section 18722 of this article, the following requirements pertain to a jurisdiction's preparation of solid waste generation studies for Revised SRR Elements.
(a) Individual Jurisdiction Responsibility.
For all revisions of an SRR Element in which solid waste generation studies are conducted jointly by two or more jurisdictions, each participating jurisdiction shall be responsible for specifically measuring and identifying, in its SRR Element, the estimated quantity of solid waste generated within its jurisdiction which is disposed or diverted from disposal by source reduction, recycling or composting activities.
(b) Identification of Solid Waste Sources, categories and types. Solid Waste generation studies prepared for revisions of the SRR Element shall identify the quantities of solid waste generated the jurisdiction, by source, by waste category and waste type as listed in sections 18722(i) and (j) of this Article. Data for each Solid Waste generation study submitted to the Board as a part of a revised SRR Element pursuant to revisions required by Article 7 of this Chapter shall have been collected during a continuous twelve month period.
(1) commencing no more than three years prior to the next Board submittal date for the SRR Element as required by Article 7 of this Chapter.
(c) Sampling by Quantitative Field Analysis. The quantitative field analysis for all Solid Waste generation studies for revised SRR Elements shall be conducted using the sampling procedures outlined in Appendix 1, "General Guidelines for Sampling When Performing a Quantitative Field Analysis for a Solid Waste Generation Study" (11/90), unless otherwise authorized by the Board.
(d) Requirement for Statistical Representation. Solid Waste generation studies for revised SRR Elements shall be statistically representative of the composition and quantity of solid waste generated, diverted and disposed by the jurisdiction. Statistical representation shall be established by use of the Guidelines given in Appendix 1 of this Article.
(e) Partial Solid Waste Generation Studies. If, upon review of the annual report submitted by a jurisdiction in compliance with section 41821 of the Public Resources Code, the Board finds that the lack of accurate and/or sufficient information on solid waste quantities and solid waste composition has contributed to the inability of a jurisdiction to meet the goals and objectives cited in its adopted SRR Element, and/or to meet the statutory diversion mandates given in section 41780 of the Public Resources Code, the Board may require a jurisdiction to prepare a partial solid waste generation study focused on particular sources of generation, and/or particular waste categories and waste types.

Note: Authority cited: Sections 40502 and 41824, Public Resources Code. Reference: Sections 41032, 41033, 41330, 41331, 41332, 41333, 41781, 41821, 41822 and 41823, Public Resources Code.





Appendix 1
General Guidelines for Sampling When Performing a Quantitative Field Analysis
for a Solid Waste Generation Study (CIWMB - November, 1990)

1. Sampling Solid Waste Generation, Diversion and Disposal - Perform these tasks in the following order:
a. Identify the Populations.
In each jurisdiction, identify: the populations of (1) residential units, commercial units, industrial sites, and other sites of solid waste generation; (2) facilities and programs which recycle, compost, or source reduce solid wastes; and (3) solid waste transfer stations, and permitted solid waste transformation facilities and solid waste disposal sites.
For the purposes of these guidelines, a population is the aggregate from which a sample is chosen, and refers to the aggregate number of solid waste generators, solid waste diversion facilities and programs, or solid waste transfer, transformation and disposal facilities identified by the jurisdiction.
b. Stratify the Populations (Optional Step).
Stratify each identified population into distinct subpopulations. The jurisdiction shall select the subpopulations. For example, to stratify the population for a solid waste diversion characterization, the jurisdiction could stratify the population of recycling facilities into the following subpopulations: drop-off centers, buy-back centers, and thrift shops. If the number of units in the subpopulation is small, the jurisdiction may choose not to stratify the population, and instead choose a sample from the population as a whole.
c. Random Sampling.
Assign a unique number to each identified unit of a population or subpopulation. Using a random numbers table or any other unbiased sampling method, choose the units to be sampled in the population or subpopulation, for each season identified by a jurisdiction. State the type(s) of unbiased sampling methods used in the solid waste generation study, when the study is submitted to the Board as a part of the SRR Element.
2. Sampling and Variability Determination: In order to determine the minimum number of samples to be taken from a population or subpopulation, a jurisdiction may use one of the following two methods:
(a) Klee and Carruth Method.
Perform these tasks as follows:
(i) Sample, according to the requirements of sections 18722, 18724 and 18726 of this article, all of the solid waste generated, all of the solid waste diverted from disposal by recycling, composting or source reduction activities, and all of the solid waste transformed and disposed, for each identified population or subpopulation.
(ii) To determine the number of samples required for a statistically representative sampling from each population or subpopulation, the jurisdiction shall use the formula for normal approximation which is found in: A.J. Klee and D. Carruth, "Sample Weights in Solid Waste Composition Studies," American Society of Civil Engineers Journal of the Sanitary Engineering Division, volume 96(SA4), pages 945-954, August 1970, which is incorporated by reference. A 90% confidence interval shall be used in this formula.
This formula is:
A 90% confidence level shall be used in this formula. Thus at 90% confidence level, z = 1.645 and s = 0.1632, where z is the normal standard deviate (one-tailed) for the confidence level desired and s is the estimated standard deviation of the sample, transformed (arcsin) basis. A jurisdiction shall use these values for z and s in computing the minimum number of samples.
A jurisdiction shall select the confidence interval and confidence width to be used in computing the minimum number of samples, i.e., the jurisdiction shall determine the D (small delta) value to use in the formula.
In order to determine D, a jurisdiction shall estimate its percent waste composition (X) by use of existing published data (waste category, and waste type if available) about the jurisdiction. and/or published data on percent waste composition from other jurisdictions. The source of the value of X used in the solid waste generation study shall be stated in the solid waste generation study.
Next, a jurisdiction shall select a level of precision or sensitivity D) (large delta) (e.g., 1%, 2%, 3%) concomitant with its need for a given level of precision. with its population, and with the funds it has available for the solid waste generation study, as determined by the jurisdiction.
The waste category occurring in the highest percent in the selected waste stream shall be selected as the waste category for determining X and computing D.
(iii) All solid waste generation studies prepared using the Klee and Carruth Method for the purposes of meeting the requirements of the Integrated Waste Management Act of 1989, as amended, and otherwise approved by the Board, shall be considered to meet the requirements of this article.
b. American Society of Testing Materials (ASTM) Method.
(i) Sample, according to the requirements of sections 18722, 18724 and 18726 of this article, all of the solid waste generated, all of the solid waste diverted from disposal by recycling, composting or source reduction activities, and all of the solid waste transformed and disposed, for each identified population or subpopulation in the jurisdiction.
(ii) A jurisdiction shall use section 9 and Table D of Draft No. 4 of the proposed ASTM "Method for Determination of the Composition of Un processed Municipal Solid Waste," dated January 24, 1990, which is incorporated by reference. A jurisdiction may also use the values for s and x in Table C of this method, or may use values for s and x found in published solid waste characterization studies which were conducted in California subsequent to 1984. Other sections of this Method may be used with section 9 and Table D. Once a final version of this Method is adopted by ASTM, that Method shall become the approved method for compliance with this article.
All solid waste generation studies prepared using the Draft ASTM Method for the purposes of meeting the requirements of the Integrated Waste Management Act of 1989, as amended, and otherwise approved by the Board, shall be considered to meet the requirements of this article.
3. Sort and Identify.
Sort and identify the solid wastes from each population and/or subpopulation, using the sources of waste generation listed in section 18722(i) of this article, and the waste categories and waste types listed in section 18722(j) of this article.
4. Assignment of Waste Category and Waste Type.
Assign each identified solid waste material to one of the waste categories and waste types listed in sections 18722(j) of this article, or to any additional waste types which a jurisdiction chooses to add to the list of waste types in section (j) of this article.
5. Volume or Weight Measurement.
Measure the volume or weight of each solid waste material that has been identified.
6. Tabulate and Analyze Data - Perform these tasks in the following order.
Tabulate and analyze all data compiled about the waste categories and waste types. As a part of the analysis, a jurisdiction shall compute (a) and (b) as follows:
a. Determination of Mean and Variability.
Compute the sample mean ( x) for volume or weight for each waste category and waste type identified.
Note, x = S x i /n, where x i is a sample weight or volume and n is the total number of samples taken in the population or subpopulation sampled.
Next, compute the variance (s<>2; i.e., where s<>2 = S (x i - x)<>2 /n-1)
and the standard deviation of the mean(s), for volume or weight measurement for each population and subpopulation, using the following formula:
b. Set Confidence Levels for Sample Mean.
Set a 90% confidence level around the sample mean (x), for each waste category and waste type identified.), for each waste category and waste type identified.
Use the formula:
where t n-1 is the t value taken from the Student's t test values in Table 1, and where (n-1) is the degrees of freedom for the Student's t test for a 90% confidence level.
7. Data Analysis Adjustment.
The data analysis conducted in steps 1 through 6 may be adjusted to include waste categories and waste types which:
(a) are known, by current written records held by the solid waste recycling, composting, source reduction, transformation or disposal facilities, to be disposed or diverted in a jurisdiction or in permitted solid waste facilities used by a jurisdiction, and
(b) may otherwise have been overlooked in the random sampling procedure.
TABLE 1

Student's t Values [FNa1]

Number of Degrees of 90% Confidence
Samples (n) Freedom (n-1) Level
____________________ ____________________ ___________________________________
2 1 6.314
3 2 2.920
4 3 2.353
5 4 2.132
6 5 2.015
7 6 1.943
8 7 1.895
9 8 1.860
10 9 1.833
11 10 1.812
12 11 1.796
13 12 1.782
14 13 1.771
15 14 1.761
16 15 1.753
17 16 1.746
18 17 1.740
19 18 1.734
20 19 1.729
21 20 1.725
22 21 1.721
23 22 1.717
24 23 1.714
25 24 1.711
26 25 1.708
27 26 1.706
28 27 1.703
29 28 1.701
30 29 1.699
31 30 1.697
36 35 1.690
41 40 1.684
46 45 1.679
51 50 1.676
61 60 1.671
71 70 1.667
81 80 1.664
91 90 1.662
101 100 1.660
121 120 1.658
141 140 1.656
161 160 1.654
189 188 1.653
210 200 1.653
oo oo 1.645
FNa1 Source: George Savage, Draft ASTM Method, ASTM Designation DXXXX-XX,
Table D, January, 1990, Philadelphia, PA: American Society of Testing
Materials.

Note: This formula is used to establish a confidence interval for a population mean when the population variance is unknown. This formula is found in: M. Woodward and L.M.A. Francis, 1988, Statistics for Health Management and Research, section 7.4.3, pgs. 161-162, London: Edward Arnold Publishers, which is incorporated by reference.

Note: Authority cited: Sections 40502 and 41824, Public Resources Code. Reference: Sections 41030, 41031, 41032, 41033, 41300, 41330, 41331, 41332, 41333, 41780 and 41781, Public Resources Code.






s 18726.1. Calculation of Maximum Disposal Tonnage.

Note: Authority cited: Section 40502, Public Resources Code. Reference: Sections 41780, 41780.1 and 41780.2, Public Resources Code.






s 18726.2. Calculation of Minimum Diversion Tonnage.

Note: Authority cited: Section 40502, Public Resources Code. Reference: Sections 41780, 41780.1 and 41780.2, Public Resources Code.






s 18730. Scope.
(a) The Source Reduction and Recycling Element (SRRE) shall specify the means by which each jurisdiction required to prepare and implement a SRRE shall achieve the diversion mandates required by Public Resources Code section 41780 and 41780.1.
(b) The SRRE shall include items identified in chapter 9, Article 6.1, sections 18722 through 18726, and sections 18731 through 18748 of this Article, as applicable.
(c) Unless otherwise specified, this Article pertains to initial and subsequent SRREs.
(d) For the purpose of this Article, a jurisdiction is a city, county, city and county or a regional agency.
(e) For the purpose of this Article, programs which may be considered as funded or operated by a jurisdiction or local governing body are identified in Public Resources Code section 41781.2(b)(1).

Note: Authority cited: Section 40502, Public Resources Code. Reference: Sections 40052, 40057, 40970-40975, 41000, 41300, 41780, 41780.1 and 41781.2, Public Resources Code.





s 18731. Goals and Objectives.
The SRRE shall include statements which define the goals and objectives for the short-term and medium-term planning periods.
(a) SRRE goals shall be consistent with the mandates of section 40051 of the Public Resources Code.
(b) SRRE objectives shall identify the amount of solid waste which the jurisdiction plans to divert from disposal at facilities to comply with the diversion requirements of Public Resources Code Sections 41780 and 41780.1 through each of the component programs described in sections 18733 through 18748 of this Article.
(c) SRRE objectives shall specify the time frame for achievement of each objective.

Note: Authority cited: Section 40502, Public Resources Code. Reference: Sections 40051, 40052, 40900(c), 41001, 41301, 41780, 41780.1 and 41781.2, Public Resources Code.





s 18732. Solid Waste Generation Analysis.
Each jurisdiction preparing a SRRE shall prepare a solid waste generation analysis based upon the information developed in Article 6.1 of this Chapter. The analysis shall include, but not be limited to, the following:
(a) For the initial SRRE, include a list, by specific waste categories, as denoted in section 18722, of Article 6.1 of this chapter, of the quantities of materials currently diverted from disposal, and the materials identified as being currently disposed according to the Waste Generation Study conducted by the jurisdiction.
(b) A list of the waste materials currently disposed in the jurisdiction which could potentially be diverted from disposal by use of the diversion programs described in sections 18733 through 18740, of this Article.
(c) A list of the waste materials currently disposed in the jurisdiction which cannot be diverted from disposal by diversion programs including, but not limited to, those described in sections 18733 through 18740 of this article and a discussion of why these waste materials cannot be diverted from disposal.

Note: Authority cited: Section 40502, Public Resources Code. Reference: Sections 41030, 41051, 41071, 41201, 41330, 41351, 41371 and 41401, Public Resources Code.





s 18733. Model Component Format.
(a) The model component format, described in sections 18733.1 through 18733.6 of this Article, shall be used in the preparation of each of the following individual components of the SRRE:
(1) Source Reduction Component
(2) Recycling Component
(3) Composting Component
(4) Special Waste Component
(b) Additional requirements contained in sections 18734 through 18737.2 of this Article, shall be included in the preparation of the components, listed in section 18733(a) of this Article, in accordance with the model component format.

Note: Authority cited: Section 40502, Public Resources Code. Reference: Sections 41003 and 41303, Public Resources Code.





s 18733.1. Component Objectives.
(a) Each component shall state the specific objectives to be accomplished during the short-term and medium-term planning periods. The initial SRRE component objectives shall be based upon the results of the Solid Waste Generation Analysis required by section 18732 of this Article and other local considerations which may be necessary to accomplish integrated waste management.
(b) For the initial SRRE, each jurisdiction shall identify specific waste categories or waste types, as found in the Solid Waste Generation Study conducted pursuant to section 18722, of Article 6.1 of this chapter, as priorities for waste diversion based on analysis of solid waste generation in terms of criteria which may include, but are not limited to, the following:
(1) volume of the solid waste;
(2) weight of the solid waste;
(3) hazard of the solid waste; and
(4) material, products or packages, contributing to the waste category or waste type, that are made of non-renewable resources.

Note: Authority cited: Section 40502, Public Resources Code. Reference: Sections 41054, 41071, 41201, 41351, 41371 and 41401, Public Resources Code.





s 18733.2. Existing Conditions Description.
(a) As applicable, each component, listed in section 18733(a) of this Article, shall include a description of the existing diversion alternatives for each component program in the jurisdiction. The description shall include, but not be limited to, the following:
(1) a brief description of each existing diversion alternative implemented in the jurisdiction; and
(2) the quantity of waste diverted, listed by waste category and waste type where applicable as follows:
(A) for the initial SRRE identify the quantity of waste diverted for each existing diversion alternative. Waste quantities shall be specified by volume, expressed in cubic yards, or by weight, expressed in tons;
(B) for a subsequent SRRE, quantify each existing diversion alternative which involves recycling or composting programs that are operated or funded by a jurisdiction. Waste quantities shall be specified by weight, expressed in tons or volume, expressed in cubic yards.
(3) an identification and description of the existing diversion alternatives within the jurisdiction that will be decreased in scope, phased out or closed during the short-term and medium-term planning periods. The description shall include a discussion of the effects of such closure on existing solid waste management activities within the jurisdiction and its impact on the attainment of the solid waste diversion mandates specified in sections 41780 and 41780.1, Public Resources Code.
(b) The information provided in this section shall be used to:
(1) account for existing diversion amounts when calculating baseyear solid waste generation rates in the initial SRRE.

Note: Authority cited: Section 40502, Public Resources Code. Reference: Sections 40901, 41031, 41333, 41780, 41780.1 and 41780.2, Public Resources Code.






s 18733.3. Evaluation of Alternatives.
Each component shall include an evaluation of diversion alternatives which have been considered for local implementation for the purpose of achieving the objectives required in section 18733.1, of this Article.
(a) Each alternative considered shall be evaluated in terms of the following criteria and any other local considerations:
(1) effectiveness in reducing either solid waste volume, weight, percentage in weight or its volumetric equivalent;
(2) hazard created by the alternative considered;
(3) ability to accommodate changing economic, technological, and social conditions;
(4) consequences of the diversion alternative on the characterized waste, such as shifting solid waste generation from one type of solid waste to another;
(5) whether it can be implemented in the short-term and medium-term planning periods; and
(6) the need for expanding existing facilities or building new facilities to support implementation of the alternative.
(b) In addition, the evaluation shall include, but not be limited to, the following:
(1) a discussion of the consistency of each alternative with applicable local policies, plans, and ordinances based upon local conditions;
(2) a discussion of any institutional barriers to local implementation of each alternative;
(3) an estimate of the costs related to the implementation of each alternative being evaluated for the short-term and medium-term planning periods; and
(4) a discussion of the availability of local, regional, state, national, and international end-uses for the materials which would be diverted through implementation of each alternative being considered.

Note: Authority cited: Section 40502, Public Resources Code. Reference: Sections 40900(c), 41053, 41073, 41203, 41250, 41260, 41353, 41373, 41403, 41450, 41460, 41780 and 41780.1, Public Resources Code.






s 18733.4. Selection of Programs.
(a) Each component shall identify and describe the diversion alternatives selected, including existing diversion alternatives, expansions of existing diversion alternatives, and new diversion alternatives, which will be implemented to meet the objectives of the component and meet the solid waste diversion requirements specified in Public Resources Code, section 41780 and 41780.1. This selection shall be based upon the evaluations conducted pursuant to section 18733.3 of this Article. The program description shall include, but not be limited to, the following: (continued)