Loading (50 kb)...'
(continued)
Basement Drum, Medium Duty (25-50 trips per day)............. 4
Basement Drum, Light Duty (Less than 25 trips per day)....... 6
Exception: In lieu of reshackling, the division will accept an auxiliary rope-fastening device which meets the requirements of Section 3042(k).
(A) At the time of this reshackling, a careful inspection shall be made of other shackles, particularly at the drum counterweight ends with the weights landed and the rope slack. These ends shall be reshackled if they show any evidence of fatigue or abrasion.
(B) See Section 3042(d) for the data required on the reshackling tag.
(j) Hoisting Rope Fastenings.
(1) The car and counterweight ends of car and counterweight wire ropes, or the stationary hitch-ends where multiple roping is used, shall be fastened in such a manner that all portions of the rope, except the portion inside the rope sockets, shall be readily visible.
Fastening shall be:
(A) By individual tapered babbitted rope sockets. See Design Section 3107(b)(1).
(B) By other types of rope fastenings accepted by the division provided that U-bolt-type rope clips (clamps) shall not be used for such fastenings. See Design Section 3107(b)(2).
(2) The car ends, or the car or counterweight dead ends where multiple roping is used, of all suspension wire ropes of traction-type elevators shall be provided with shackle rods of a design which will permit individ-ual adjustment of the rope lengths. Similar shackle rods shall be provided on the car or counterweight ends of compensating ropes.(3) Hoisting rope fastenings shall conform to the following:(A) The portion of the rope fastening which holds the wire rope (rope socket) and the shackle rod may be in one piece (unit construction) or they may be separate.(B) The rope socket shall be either cast or forged steel provided that where the rope socket and the shackle rod are in one piece (unit construction), the entire fastening shall be of forged steel. See Design Section 3107(b).(C) Where the shackle rod and the rope socket are not in one piece, the shackle rod shall be of forged or rolled steel.(D) Where the shackle rod is separate from the rope socket, the fastening between the two parts shall be positive and such as to prevent their separation under all conditions of operation of the elevator. Where the connection of the two parts is threaded, the length of the thread engagement of the rod in the socket shall be not less than 11/2 times the root diameter of the thread on the rod, and a cotter pin or equivalent means shall, in addition, be provided to restrict the turning of the rod in the socket and prevent unscrewing of the connection in normal operation.(E) Rope fastenings incorporating antifriction devices which will permit free spinning of the rope shall not be used.(F) Where hoisting or car counterweight ropes pass through plates at the hitchblock or car crosshead, said plates shall be chamfered, and free from sharp projections.
(4) Tapered babbitted-type rope sockets shall be of design as shown in Figure 3107 and shall conform to the requirements of Design Section 3107(b).
(5) Only babbitt metal shall be used to secure ropes in tapered babbitted sockets. Babbitt metal shall contain at least 9 percent of antimony and shall be clean and free from dross.
(6) Where the tapered babbitted-type of socket is used, the method and procedure to be followed in making up the fastening shall conform to that outlined in Design Section 3107(c).
(7) When the babbitt has cooled and the tape at the small end removed, a visual inspection shall be made which shall show that:
(A) The babbitt is visible at the small end of the socket.
(B) The tops of the looped strands of the rope are just visible above the surface of the babbitt. Where rope wih steel core is used, the steel core shall also be visible above the surface of the babbitt.
(C) No loss of rope lay has occurred where the wire rope enters the basket. Babbitted sockets which do not conform to the above requirement shall be rejected and the rope resocketed.
(k) Auxiliary Rope Fastening Device. Auxiliary rope-fastening devices, designed to support elevator cars or counterweights if any regular rope fastening fails, may be provided subject to the following requirements:
(1) They shall be accepted by the division on the basis of adequate tensile and fatigue test made by an approved testing laboratory.
(2) The device and its fastenings, in its several parts and assembly, shall have a strength at least equal to that of the manufacturer's breaking strength of the rope to which it is to be attached.
(3) The device shall be so designed and installed that:
(A) It will not become operative unless there is a failure of normal rope fastening.
(B) It will function in a rope movement of not over 11/2 inches.
(C) It will not interfere with the vertical or rotational movements of the rope during normal service.
(4) Means shall be provided to cause the electric power to be removed from the hoisting machine motor and brake when any auxiliary fastening device operates. Such means shall be of the manually reset type.
(5) The method used to attach the device to the rope shall be such as to prevent injury to or appreciable deformation of the rope.
(6) The installation of the device shall not reduce the required overhead clearances.
(7) Each device shall be permanently marked with the name of the manufacturer and with the size of the wire rope for which they are designed to be used.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3050. Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures, and Machine Rooms.
(a) Construction of Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures. The construction of hoistways and hoistway enclosures shall conform to Section 3010.
(b) Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces.
(1) Hydraulic elevator machines and control equipment shall be installed in a separate room or enclosure conforming to the requirements of Section 3011(a).
Exception: Existing installations of cabinet-type machines.
(2) The enclosure for the elevator equipment shall be arranged so that passage through the machine room or enclosure is not necessary to gain access to other equipment or other parts of the building.
(3) Elevator machine rooms or enclosed areas shall be kept free of all materials except those used for repair or maintenance of the elevator.
Exception: Existing installations of cabinet-type machines.
(4) Safe access to machine rooms and machinery spaces shall be provided to conform to the regulations of Sections 3011(c) and 3011(d).
(5) The ceiling height in elevator machine rooms or enclosures shall be not less than 7 feet and the clear headroom not less than 6 feet 6 inches below obstructions, such as; pipes, ducts, or wiring used in connection with the elevator.
(6) Permanent lighting and convenience outlets shall be provided and installed to comply with the requirements of CCR, Title 24, Part 3, Article 620.
(7) Clear work space shall be provided within the machine room or enclosure to comply with the requirements of Section 3011(g) except that where the controller is not mounted on the pumping unit, or where the design of the machine housing is such that three (3) sides are permanently enclosed, and that oil may be added to the reservoir safely and without spills getting into the controls, a third side of the machine may be partially or totally blocked provided all other requirements for access to machine parts are complied with.
(8) Where the machinery for more than one elevator is installed in the same machine room, a separate number shall be assigned to each elevator and the major components within the machine room identified with the number assigned.
(Title 24, Part 7, Section 7-3050)
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3051. Electric Wiring, Pipes, and Ducts in Elevator Hoistways, Machine Rooms, or Machinery Spaces.
Electric wiring, pipes, and ducts in hoistways, machine rooms, or machinery spaces shall conform to Section 3012, except that the clear headroom under ducts may be reduced to 6 feet 6 inches.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3052. Location and Guarding of Counterweights, and Guarding of Exposed Equipment.
(a) Where Required:
(1) The location and the guarding of counterweights, where provided, shall conform to Section 3013.
(2) The guarding of exposed equipment in the machine room and in the hoistway shall conform to the applicable requirements of Section 3014 and the following:
(A) Pump drive belts and pulleys shall be guarded to protect against accidental contact when adjustments are made to adjacent valves or control components.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3053. Machine and Sheave Beams, Supports, and Foundations and Pits.
(a) Machine and Sheave Beams, Supports, and Foundations. Overhead sheave beams and their supports for counterweights, where provided, shall conform to Section 3015.
(b) Pits. Elevator pits shall conform to Section 3016, except the bottom clearance and runby shall be determined by Section 3054.
(c) The pump unit and tank shall be supported and maintained in place to conform to Section 3111(c)(3).
(d) Structural Members for Offset Car Frame Elevators. Structural members used to attach guide rails, plungers and cylinders to the building shall be designed to withstand four times the static loads imposed by the class of loading used.
(Title 24, Part 7, Section 7-3053)
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3054. Bottom and Top Clearances and Runby for Cars and Counterweights.
(a) For Direct-Plunger Elevators. The bottom and top clearances and runby for cars, and for counterweights where provided, shall conform to the following:
(1) The bottom car clearance shall conform to Section 3017(a) provided that, in the determination of the clearance required by Section 3017(a)(1), any under-car bracing which is located within 6 inches horizontally from the edge of the car platform or 3 inches horizontally from the centerline of the guide rails shall not be considered.
(2) The bottom runby of the car shall be not less than 3 inches.
(3) The top runby of the car shall be not less than 6 inches.
(4) Neither the top nor the bottom runby of the car shall be more than 24 inches. The top runby of the hydraulic elevator car is the distance the car platform travels above the top terminal landing when the plunger reaches its extreme limit of travel.
(5) Any fixed structure above the car or crosshead when the plunger is at its extreme limit of travel shall conform to the following:
(A) The distance above a horizontal plane even with the top of the car crosshead and extending 2 feet each side of the crosshead shall be not less than 2 feet.
Exception: Offset car frames outside the area of the car top that have not less than 12 inches between a horizontal plane even with the top of the crosshead member and any object above.
(B) The distance above any part of the car top shall be not less than 2 feet 6 inches.
(C) The distance above any fixed equipment mounted above the car top shall be not less than 6 inches.
(D) The clearance from the raised guardrails required by Section 3034(a)(9) to the overhead structure shall be not less than 18 inches when the plunger is at its extreme limit of travel in the "up" direction.
(6) Where a counterweight is provided, the top clearance and the bottom runby of the counterweight shall conform to the following:
(A) Top Clearance. The top clearance of the counterweight shall be not less than the sum of the following three items:
1. The bottom car runby.
2. The stroke of the car buffers used.
3. 6 inches.
(B) Bottom Runby. The bottom runby of the counterweight shall be not less than the sum of the following:
1. The distance the car can travel above its top terminal landing until the plunger strikes its top mechanical stop.
2. 6 inches.
The minimum runby specified shall not be reduced by rope stretch.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3055. Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances.
The horizontal car and counterweight clearances shall conform to the requirements of Section 3018, except that the distance between the enclosure and any side of the car top that is not protected by guide rails shall be not more than 2 feet.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3056. Protection of Spaces Below Hoistways.
(a) Protection of Usable Space Below Hoistways. Where the space below the hoistway is used for a passageway, is occupied by persons, or if unoccupied is not permanently sealed against access, the following requirements shall be conformed to:
(1) The cylinder shall be supported by a structure of sufficient strength to support the entire load that may be imposed upon it; and
(2) No counterweights will be permitted.
(3) The car shall be provided with buffers of one of the following types:
(A) Oil buffers conforming to Section 3061(a).
(B) Spring buffers of a design which will not be fully compressed when struck by the fully loaded car at the maximum speed attained in the down direction.
(4) Car buffer supports shall be provided which will withstand, without permanent deformation, the impact resulting from buffer engagement by the car with its rated load at the maximum speed attained in the down direction.
(b) Protection of Cylinders and Piping. Cylinders and piping that pass through areas where vehicles may contact them shall be protected by guards or barriers. (Title 24, Part 7, Section 7-3056)
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3057. Protection of Hoistway Landing Openings.
The protection of hoistway landing openings shall conform to the requirements of Section 3020.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3058. Hoistway Door and Gate Locking Devices.
Hoistway door and gate locking devices, hoistway access, and parking devices shall conform to the requirements of Section 3021.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3059. Power Operation of Doors and Gates.
Power operation, power opening, and power closing of hoistway doors or gates and car doors or gates shall conform to the requirements of Section 3022.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3060. Car and Counterweight Guide Rails, Guide Rail Supports and Fastenings.
(a) Guide Rails Required. Passenger and freight elevators shall be provided with car guide rails, and with counterweight guide rails where a counterweight is provided.
(b) Materials and Rail Section. The guide rail material and the rail section shall conform to Sections 3030(b) through 3030(e) inclusive.
(c) Bracket Spacing, Stresses, Deflections, and Maximum Loading.
(1) Guide rails shall be fastened to the building structure at intervals of not more than 16 feet.
(2) The stresses and deflections in the car guide rails and in their brackets, fastenings, and supports due to the horizontal forces imposed on the rail during loading, unloading, and running, based on the bracket spacing used, shall conform to Design Section 3109(a).
Where, for the rail section used, the stresses exceed those therein specified, the rail section shall be reinforced to limit the stresses and deflections to the amount specified.
(3) Guide rails for counterweights, where provided, shall conform to the applicable portions of Section 3030(f).
(d) Rail Joints and Fishplates. The joints of metal guide rails shall conform to the requirements of Section 3030(i).
(e) Overall Length of Guide Rails. The top and bottom ends of each run of guide rail shall be so located in relation to the extreme positions of travel of the car and counterweight that the car and counterweight guiding members cannot travel beyond the ends of the guide rails. The guide rails shall be supported from the pit floor in such a manner that the entire weight of either the car or counterweight can be suspended from the associated set of guide rails.
(f) Guide Rail Brackets and Building Supports and Their Fastenings. The guide rail brackets, building supports, and their fastenings shall conform to the applicable requirements of Sections 3030(k) and 3030(l).
Exception: The seismic forces referred to in Section 3030(k)(1)(C).
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3061. Car and Counterweight Buffers or Bumpers.
(a) Car Buffers or Bumpers
(1) Car buffers shall be provided for elevators having a maximum speed of more than 50 feet per minute in the down direction.
(2) Car bumpers or buffers shall be provided for elevators having a maximum speed of less than 50 feet per minute in the down direction.
(3) Car buffers or bumpers shall conform to the requirements of Section 3031 except that the stroke and retardation requirements for hydraulic elevators shall be based on the maximum speed in the down direction.
Where the cylinder is an integral part of the car frame and takes the buffer reactions directly, the buffers shall be arranged symmetrically with respect to the cylinder.
(4) Car buffers or bumpers shall be located so that the car will come to rest on the bumper or on the fully compressed buffer before the plunger or cylinder reaches its down limit of travel.
(b) Counterweight Buffers. Where counterweights are provided, counterweight buffers shall not be provided.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3062. Counterweights.
(a) Applicable Requirements. Counterweights, where provided, shall conform to the requirements of Section 3032.
Exception: Rod-type counterweights may be used provided that, in addition to the two tie rods, they also have two supporting rods having a factor of safety of not less than 5 with the elevator at rest and the counterweight at the top of its travel.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3063. Car Frames and Platforms.
(a) Requirements. Direct-plunger elevators shall be provided with car frames and platforms conforming to the requirements of Section 3033 subject to the following modifications:
(1) The stresses and deflections in car frame and platform members and their connections, based on the static load imposed upon them, shall be not more than those permitted by Section 3033, provided that the maximum stresses in the car frame uprights which are normally subject to compression shall conform to Design Section 3103(a)(1).
(2) The calculation of the stresses and deflections inside post car frame and platform members shall be based on the formula and data in Section 3103(a).
For cars with corner-post or subpost car frames, or offset car frames, the formulas and specified methods of calculations do not generally apply and shall be modified to suit the specific conditions and requirements in each case.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3064. Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and Car Illumination.
Car enclosures, car doors and gates, and car illumination shall conform to the requirements of Section 3034, except that side emergency exits in passenger elevator cars shall not be permitted.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3065. Car and Counterweight Safeties.
(a) If a car safety is provided, it shall engage the guide rails to produce a retarding force, and it shall conform to the requirements of Section 3035 and the following:
(1) The safety shall be of a type which can be released only by moving the car in the up direction. The switches required by Section 3036(d) shall, when opened, remove power from the driving machine motor and control valves before or at the time of application of the safety.
(b) If a plunger engaging safety device (PESD) is provided in direct plunger hydraulic elevators, it shall engage the plunger to produce a retarding force, and it shall be designed and approved for that purpose. See Section 3106.1 for required approval data.
(1) The PESD shall:
(A) be the type that can only be released by establishing at least no load pressure on the hydraulic system,
(B) be responsive to a pressure decrease in the system,
(C) be field testable,
(D) be field tested during the acceptance test. The test shall be witnessed by the Division before a permit to operate is issued. The test shall be conducted at no less than the operating speed in the down direction with a capacity load on the car, to demonstrate that the PESD shall stop the elevator with its capacity load.
(2) Further, the PESD shall:
(A) be tested annually for proper operation with no load,
(B) when actuated, operate a switch that shall cut off the power from the operating valves and pump motor. This switch shall reset only upon release of the PESD.
(3) The PESD shall have a metal plate or plates, permanently attached and readily visible, marked with legible and permanent letters and figures not less than 1/4 inch high indicating the following:
(A) the name of the PESD manufacturer and the identifying numbers,
(B) the date the PESD was initially tested and witnessed,
(C) the diameter and wall thickness of the plunger for which the PESD is designed,
(D) the maximum weight, in pounds, for which the PESD is designed,
(E) the maximum speed for which the PESD is designed, and,
(F) the shim adjustment range.
(4) The PESD may be used on new elevators that are covered by regulations in Group III and existing elevators that are covered by regulations in Group II.
(5) The runby clearance may be reduced to no less than one inch on existing hydraulic elevators if a PESD is provided.
(6) The subsequent 5-year load tests per Section 3071(j) will not be required when the hydraulic elevator is equipped with a PESD that complies with the provisions of Section 3065(b) above.
(Title 24, Part 7, Section 7-3065)
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3066. Capacity and Loading.
(a) Applicable Requirements. The requirements of Section 3037 covering capacity and loading shall apply to hydraulic elevators except for the following:
(1) With Class C2 loading, all parts of the hydraulic equipment shall be designed for the maximum pressure developed in the system during loading and unloading.
(2) The crosshead data plate or plates shall indicate the following:
(A) The weight of the complete car and the auxiliary equipment attached to the car, excluding the plunger and cylinder where they are not part of the car frame.
(B) The rated load and speed.
(C) The outside diameter and wall thickness of the finished plunger.
(D) The manufacturer's name and date of installation.
(3) The requirements of Section 3037(g) for lifting one-piece loads do not apply. Hydraulic elevators shall not be loaded to exceed their rated load as specified on the capacity plate unless designed and installed to carry one-piece loads exceeding their rated load.
(4) The requirements of Design Section 3100(b), Additional Requirements for Passenger Overload, do not apply to hydroelectric elevators.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3067. Hydraulic Driving Machines, Plungers, Cylinders, and System Oil Level.
(a) Type of Drive.
(1) Hydraulic elevators shall be of the direct-plunger type with the plunger or cylinder attached directly to the underside of the car, or to the car frame without intervening linkages, ropes or chains.
(2) Hydraulic machines shall be of the hydroelectric type.
(b) Plungers.
(1) The plunger and connecting couplings for the plunger shall be of material with a factor of safety of not less than 5 based on the ultimate strength and with an elongation of not less than 10% in a length of 2 in. (51 mm).
(2) Plungers shall be designed, constructed, and attached to the car in accordance with Design Section 3102.
(3) Plungers shall be provided with solid metal stops and/or other means to prevent the plunger from traveling beyond the limits of the cylinder. Stops shall be so designed and constructed as to stop the plunger from maximum speed in the up direction under full pressure without damage to the connection to the driving machine, plunger, plunger connection, couplings, plunger joints, cylinder, cylinder connecting couplings or any other parts of the hydraulic system. For rated speeds exceeding 100 fpm (0.51 m/s) where a solid metal stop is provided, means other than the normal terminal stopping device shall be provided to retard the car to 100 fpm (0.51 m/s) with a retardation not greater than gravity, before striking the stop.
(4) A plunger-follower guide may be used provided it is arranged so that the elevator is always in a position where the unsupported length of the plunger conforms to the "maximum free length" as defined in Section 3102(a) and to open the power circuit if this length is exceeded.
(c) Cylinders.
(1) Cylinders shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the formula in Sections 3102(e) and 3102(f).
(2) Clearance shall be provided at the end of the cylinder so that the end of the plunger will not strike the head of the cylinder when the car is resting on its fully compressed buffer.
(3) Means shall be provided to collect any oil leakage from the cylinder packing gland.
(d) System Oil Level.
(1) The hydraulic system oil level shall be monitored by a qualified person or an approved monitoring system to ensure the system oil level is within the manufacturer's recommended level.
(2) When the oil is below the recommended level, and the quantity of oil loss is not accounted for, the elevator shall be taken out of service and the Division shall be notified within 48 hours.
(A) The elevator shall remain out of service until the cause of the unaccounted oil loss is determined and corrected.
(Title 24, Part 7, Section 3067)
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3068. Valves, Supply Piping and Fittings.
(a) General Requirements.
(1) Valves, piping, and fittings shall not be subjected to working pressures exceeding those recommended by the manufacturer for the type of service for which they are used.
(2) Piping shall be so supported as to eliminate undue stresses at joints and fittings, particularly at any section of the line subject to vibration.
(3) Flexible hose and fitting assemblies and flexible couplings installed between the check valve and the cylinder on new installations or as replacements on existing elevators shall conform to the following:
(A) Installations shall be accomplished without introducing twist in the hose, and shall conform with the minimum bending radius specified in SAE 100 R2 High Pressure, Steel Wire Reinforced, Rubber Covered Hydraulic Hose. They shall be located and supported to protect hose and fittings from abrasions or undue stresses from external sources.
(B) Shall have a bursting strength sufficient to withstand not less than 10 times working pressure. They shall be tested in the factory or in the field prior to installation at a pressure of at least 5 times working pressure, and shall be marked with date and pressure of test. See Section 3009(b) for definition of working pressure.
(C) Hose shall otherwise conform to the requirements of SAE 100 R2, and shall be compatible with the fluid used therein.
(D) Hose fittings shall be of an approved type.
(E) The hose and fittings assembly shall be permanently marked with the SAE hose-type identification and the installation date.
(F) When wear, corrosion or other factors indicate that safety factor of the hose has been materially reduced below the manufacturer's rating, it shall be renewed.
(G) Flexible couplings shall be so designed and constructed that failure of the sealing element will not permit separation of the parts connected.
(b) Relief and Check Valves.
(1) Each pump or group of pumps shall be equipped with a relief valve conforming to the following requirements:
(A) The relief valve shall be located between the pump and the check valve and shall be of such a type and so installed in a by-pass connection that the valve cannot be shut off from the hydraulic system.
(B) The relief valve shall be pre-set to open at a pressure not greater than that necessary to maintain 125 percent of the working pressure.
(C) The size of the relief valve and by-pass shall be sufficient to pass the maximum rated capacity of the pump without raising the pressure more than 20 percent above that at which the valve opens. Two or more relief valves may be used to obtain the required capacity.
(D) Relief valves having exposed pressure adjustments, if used, shall have their means of adjustment sealed after being set to the correct pressure.
Exception: No relief valve is required for centrifugal pumps driven by induction motors, providing the shut-off, or maximum pressure which the pump can develop, is not greater than 135 percent of the working pressure at the pump.
(2) A check valve shall be provided and shall be so installed that it will hold the elevator car with rated load at any point when the pump stops or the maintained pressure drops below the minimum operating pressure.
(c) Supply Piping and Fittings.
(1) Supply piping materials and fittings shall conform to the requirements of Design Section 3102(g).
Exception: Flexible hydraulic hose and fitting assemblies and flexible coupling.
(2) The minimum wall thickness shall conform to the following:
(A) For working pressures up to 250 pounds per square inch, piping equal to standard schedule 40 steel pipe may be used without stress analysis.
(B) For working pressures more than 250 pounds per square inch, the wall thickness shall be not less than that determined by the formula in Section 3102(g).
(C) Pipe lighter than schedule 40 shall not be threaded, nor grooved for couplings.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3069. Tanks.
(a) General Requirements.
(1) All tanks shall be of sufficient capacity to provide for an adequate liquid reserve to prevent the entrance of air or other gas into the system.
(2) The permissible minimum liquid level shall be clearly indicated.
(b) Storage and Discharge Tanks.
Storage and discharge tanks shall conform to the following:
(1) They shall be covered and suitably vented to the atmosphere.
(2) They shall be so designed and constructed that, when completely filled, the factor of safety shall be at least 4 based on the ultimate strength of the material.
(3) Welding of parts on which safe operation depends shall conform to Section 3033(g).
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3070. Terminal Stopping Devices.
(a) Normal Terminal Stopping Devices.
Normal terminal stopping devices shall be provided, conforming to the requirements of Section 3039(a).
Exceptions:
1. The device shall be so designed and installed that it will continue to function until the car reaches its extreme limits of travel.
2. The bottom terminal stopping device may be made ineffective while the car is under control of the top-of-car operating device.
3. The switch contacts shall be directly opened mechanically. Arrangements which depend on a spring, or gravity, or a combination of both, to open the switch contacts, shall not be used.
(b) Emergency Terminal Stopping Devices. Emergency terminal stopping devices shall be installed at the top of the hoistway for rated car speeds of more than 100 feet per minute and shall conform to the following:
(1) They shall operate independently of the normal terminal stopping device should this device fail to slow down the car at the terminal as intended.
(2) They shall retard the car to 100 feet per minute with a retardation not greater than gravity before the plunger reaches its limit of travel in the up direction.
(3) At least two control means are required, one controlled by the emergency terminal stopping device and another by the normal terminal stopping device.
(4) A single short circuit caused by a combination of grounds or by other conditions shall not prevent the functioning of the emergency terminal stopping device.
Exception: Where the plunger is provided with a device to retard the car to 100 feet per minute, with a retardation not greater than gravity, before the plunger reaches its extreme limit of travel, emergency terminal stopping devices are not required.
(c) Final Terminal Stopping Devices. Final terminal stopping devices are not required.
(Title 24, Part 7, Section 7-3070)
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943, Health and Safety Code.
s 3071. Operation, Operating Devices and Control Equipment.
(a) Types of Operating Devices.
(1) Operating devices shall be of a type conforming to the requirements of section 3040(a)(1), section 3040(a)(2) and section 3040(a)(3).
(2) Top-of-car operating devices shall be provided and shall conform to the requirements of section 3040(a)(4).Exceptions:
1. Elevators having a rise of not more than 15 feet and which do not have access switches at the upper landing.
2. The operation in the down direction may be independent of the down terminal stopping device.
(b) Operation. Operation shall conform to the requirements of sections 3040(a)(4), (a)(5), (a)(6), (a)(7) and (a)(8).
(c) Leveling Devices and Truck-Zoning Devices.
(1) A two-way automatic maintaining leveling device shall be provided for elevators with automatic or continuous pressure button operation.
(2) Leveling devices and truck zoning devices shall conform to the requirements of section 3040(a)(5).
(d) Electrical Protective Devices. In addition to the terminal stopping devices required by section 3070, the following electrical protective devices shall be provided and shall conform to the requirements of section 3040(b), except that their operation shall cause the electrical power to be removed from all control valves and from the pump motor.
(1) Emergency-stop switch.
(2) Stop switches in pits.
(3) Stop switches on top of cars.
(4) Hoistway door interlocks or hoistway gate contact locks.
(5) Car-door or gate electric contacts.
(6) Electric contacts for hinged car-platform sills.
Exception: Devices (4), (5), and (6) need not remove the power within the leveling zones.
(e) Requirements for Electrical Equipment and Wiring. All electrical equipment and wiring shall comply with the provisions of CCR, Title 24, Part 3, Article 620.
(f) Installation of Condensers or Devices to Make Electrical Protective Devices Inoperative. The installation of condensers or other devices to make electrical protective devices inoperative shall conform to section 3040(d).
(g) Control and Operating Circuit Requirements. The design and installation of the control and operating circuits shall conform to the following requirements:
(1) Springs, where used to actuate switches, contactors, or relays to stop an elevator at the terminals, or to actuate electrically operated valves, shall be of the compression type.
(2) The completion or maintenance of an electric circuit shall not be used to interrupt the power to control-valve-operating magnets nor to the pump-driving motor under the following conditions:
(A) To stop the car at the terminal.
(B) To stop the car when the emergency stop switch or any of the electrical protective devices operate.
(3) The failure of any single magnetically operated switch, contactor, or relay to release in the intended manner, or the occurrence of a single accidental ground, shall not permit the car to start if any hoistway door interlock is unlocked or if any hoistway door or car door or gate contact is not in the closed position.
(h) Load-Weighing Devices on Passenger Elevators. Load-weighing devices which will stop the elevator while running shall not be installed in connection with passenger elevators. They may be installed to prevent the elevator from leaving a floor but the setting shall be for a load not more than that which would actuate the relief valve.
(i) Car Emergency Signal. Elevators which are operated at any time without a designated operator shall be provided with an emergency signal conforming to the requirements of section 3041(a).
(j) Load Test Required. Every hydraulic elevator installed hereafter shall be field tested before a permit to operate is issued, and again at intervals not to exceed five (5) years.
(1) The test shall be witnessed by an authorized representative of the Division, or the Division may accept reports of witnesses accepted by the Division as competent. This test shall demonstrate that:
(A) When running the car with rated load in both directions:
1. The rated speed as shown on the crosshead data plate shall not be greater than 110 percent of the actual speed in the up direction with the rated load on the car.
Exception to Section 3071(j)(1)(A)1:
For elevators installed prior to 3-21-70 the Division may accept a greater percentage of the actual speed.
2. The full load "down" speed shall not be greater than 125 percent of the rated speed as shown on the crosshead data plate.
(B) The relief valve is in compliance with Section 3068(b).
(C) When the car with rated load is stopped at some elevation in the hoistway for a period of 15 minutes, and with the power disconnected, the elevator does not move (drift or creep). Any change in car position which cannot be accounted for by visible oil leakage or liquid temperature change indicates a problem and the need for further inspection, tests, or repairs.
(D) The pressure switch if provided is in compliance with Section 3071(m).
(2) A metal, fiber, or plastic tag shall be securely attached to the elevator pumping unit in the machine room, with lettering not less than 1/4 in. (6.4 mm) on a contrasting background indicating the following information:
1. Elevator state number
2. Elevator company who conducted the load test
3. Date of load test.
(k) Out-of-Service Requirements.
(1) When it is intended to discontinue the use of an elevator for an extended period, the power shall be disconnected and the liquid line to the cylinder disconnected.
(2) The car shall be landed in a satisfactory manner.
Note: To facilitate reactivation of the elevator, the car should be landed at least 2 feet above the bottom terminal.
( l ) Operation of Elevators Under Fire or Other Emergency Conditions.
(1) Elevators with automatic operation shall conform to fire and other emergency requirements as follows:
(A) Elevators with automatic power operated hoistway doors to section 3041(c).
(B) Elevators with manually operated hoistway doors to section 3041(c)(5) and section 3041(c)(6).
(m) Loss of Pressure Device. A pressure switch or other means shall be provided to prevent the liquid in the cylinder or plunger from returning to the tank through an open valve in the event the weight of the platform is removed from the cylinder or plunger.
(n) Photoelectric Tube By-Pass Switch. Elevators equipped with photoelectric tube devices which control the closing of automatic, power-operated car or hoistway doors, or both, shall conform to the requirements of section 3041(b).
(o) Medical Emergency Elevators. All buildings and structures constructed after the effective date of this order that are provided with one or more passenger elevators shall conform to the requirements of section 3041(e).
(Title 24, Part 7, Section 7-3071)
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 3072. Counterweight Ropes, Rope Connections, and Sheaves.
(a) Ropes and Rope Connections. Where a counterweight is provided, the counterweight shall be connected to the elevator car by not less than two steel wire ropes.
The wire ropes and their connections shall conform o Section 3042.
Exception: The factor of safety of the wire rope shall be not less than 7.
(b) Sheaves. Sheaves for counterweight wire ropes shall conform to Sections 3038(b), 3038(c), and 3038(e).
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 1423, Labor Code.
s 3073. General Requirements for Sidewalk Elevators with Sidewalk Doors.
(a) Type of Elevator. Sidewalk elevators shall be of the direct plunger type with a hydroelectric machine or they may be hand elevators.
(b) Limits of Speed and Travel of Power Elevators.
(1) The rated speed of power-driven sidewalk elevators shall be not more than 50 feet per minute.
(2) Sidewalk elevators shall not be arranged to travel above the normal sidewalk level except as provided in Section 3074(d)(3).
(c) Construction of Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures, and Machine Rooms.
(1) Hoistways and hoistway enclosures for sidewalk elevators shall conform to Section 3010.
Exceptions:
1. Section 3010(a)(2)(B). The height of the basement entrance for new and existing installations shall be not more than 12 feet.
2. The requirements of Section 3010(d).
3. The requirements of Section 3010(e)(2).
(2) Machine rooms and machine enclosures shall be provided and their construction shall conform to Section 3050(b).
Exception: Hand elevators.
(A) The clearances and work space requirements shall comply with the following:
1. For hydraulic elevators to Section 3050(b).
2. For existing cabled elevators to Section 3011.
(B) See CCR, Title 24, Part 3, Article 620, required lights, convenience outlets, and clearance around control panels.
(C) Elevator machine rooms or enclosed areas shall be kept free of all materials except those used for repair or maintenance of the elevator.
(3) Pits shall be provided for sidewalk elevators.
(A) The pit shall conform to Section 3016 except the bottom clearance shall conform to Section 3073(c)(3)(B).
(B) The bottom car clearance shall conform to Section 3017(a) provided that, in the determination of the clearance required by Section 3017(a)(1), any undercar bracing which is located within 6 inches horizontally from the edge of the platform or within 3 inches horizontally from the centerline of the guide rails shall not be considered.
(C) The bottom runby shall be not less than 3 inches for hydroelectric elevators.
(d) Landing Openings in Sidewalks.
(1) The maximum clear opening in any sidewalk and its location with respect to the street line or building line shall be determined by local building codes except that in no case shall this opening be inside the building line.
(2) Hoistways shall not be located either wholly or partially in front of any entrance to a building.
(3) The doors shall be of the hinged type with the line of the hinges at right angles to the building wall or at right angles to the curb, if located next to the curb.
(4) Hoistways shall be located so that the clearance between the edge of the doors and the building wall shall be either not more than 4 inches or not less than 24 inches.
(5) There shall be a minimum clearance of 18 inches between the face of the doors and any obstruction when the doors are in the open position.
Exceptions:
1. Elevators installed before June 5, 1947.
2. Elevators with controls and operating devices that conform to Section 3074(l)(3) need not comply with Section 3073(d)(5).
(6) The sidewalk opening shall be protected by metal doors of sufficient strength to support a static load of not less than 300 pounds per square foot, uniformly distributed. They shall have a nonslip upper surface.
(A) The doors shall be two section center-opening hinged to be level with the sidewalk or other area exterior to the building when in the closed position.
(B) The doors of power elevators shall be opened by the ascending car and shall be self-closing and self-locking as the car descends, and shall be kept in the closed position when the car is not at the top landing.
Exception: The sidewalk doors may be held in the open position by a bar or other device that prevents accidental closing of the doors.
(C) The sidewalk opening shall be further protected by full automatic hinged screens located directly below the sidewalk doors and operated by the car. The screens shall cover the entire hatchway when the elevator is not at the sidewalk level except that openings as necessary for the operation of the door lock or the screens will be permitted.
Exception: Elevators installed before June 5, 1947, which are arranged so the sidewalk doors are not held open or on which the open sides are provided with side screens at least 42 inches high.
1. When the sidewalk doors are open and the elevator is not at the sidewalk level, the opening shall be protected by automatic screens or by side screens on the open sides.
2. Automatic screens, when closed, shall be capable of supporting a 300-pound load on any 1 square foot and shall be constructed of materials that will reject a ball 2 inches in diameter.
3. Automatic screens shall not be tied or held open except when the car is at the sidewalk level.
(D) Sidewalk doors shall be provided with a device that will:
1. Prevent the doors from opening automatically more than 90 degrees from their closed position when the car ascends.
2. Prevent the doors from remaining in the open position when the car descends unless the hold-open bar or device is in place.
(E) Hold-open bars shall be provided with a self-locking device that will prevent the bar from being dislodged by accidental contact.
(F) When gates are provided on the elevator car, the clearance between the gate and the hold-open bar shall be not less than 5 inches when the gate is opposite the bar.
(e) Protection of Other Hoistway Openings.
(1) Entrances at hoistway landings shall comply with the requirements of Section 3020, as they apply to freight elevators, in the case of power elevators and to Section 3076 for hand elevators.
(2) Hoistway door or gate-locking devices shall conform to the requirements of Section 3021, as they apply to freight elevators, except that where gates are used, the bottom landings may be provided with a contact lock.
(f) Requirements for Electrical Wiring and Electrical Equipment. Electrical wiring and wireways in hoistways, machine rooms and machinery spaces shall comply with CCR, Title 24, Part 3, Article 620.
(g) Clearance Between Loading Side of Car Platforms and Hoistway Enclosures. The horizontal clearance between the car and the hoistway shall comply with Section 3018.
(Title 24, Part 7, Section 7-3073)
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code
s 3074. Machinery and Equipment for Elevators with Sidewalk Doors.
(a) Guide Rails, Guide Rail Supports, and Fastenings. Guide rails and their supports shall conform to Section 3030 and Design Section 3109(a) for hydroelectric elevators and to Section 3077(e) for hand elevators.
(1) The top and bottom ends of each run of guide rail shall be located so that the car cannot travel beyond the ends of the rail. The rails shall be extended to or supported by the pit floor.
(b) Buffers. Buffers shall conform to the following:
(1) Hydroelectric elevators to Section 3061.
(2) Hand elevators to Section 3076(e)(4).
(c) Counterweights. Power sidewalk elevators shall be uncounterweighted. Existing counterweights shall be maintained to comply with Section 3032.
(d) Car Frames and Platforms.
(1) Car frames and platforms shall conform to the requirements of Section 3063 for hydroelectric elevators, and Section 3077(a)(3) for hand elevators.
(2) Bow irons shall be provided on the car to operate the sidewalk doors and screens except on hand elevators.
(A) Bow irons shall be not less than 7 feet high, except that this height may be reduced by an amount necessary to permit the sidewalk doors to close when the car is at the landing next below the sidewalk level.
(B) Bow irons shall be so designed and installed as to withstand the impact when striking the doors.
(C) Bow irons shall be located approximately symmetrically with respect to the center of the car platform.
(3) Sidewalk elevators arranged to travel above the level of the sidewalk shall conform to the following:
(A) The depth of the car frame and the length and spacing of the guiding members shall be such as to prevent tipping of the platform when it is at its highest upper landing level. See Section 3063(a)(1) for the minimum requirements.
(B) Thecar platform shall be provided with metal aprons or guards on all exposed sides, conforming to the following: (continued)