Loading (50 kb)...'

(continued)
700............... 855 ................. 3-2 ...... 9-10
800............... 970 ................. 4-1 ...... 12-6
900............... 1085 ................ 5-1 ...... 15-3
1000.............. 1200 ................ 6-3 ...... 18-6
1100.............. 1320 ................ 7-6 ...... 22-4
1200.............. 1440 ................ 8-11 ..... 26-4
1300.............. 1560 ................ 10-6 ..... 30-11
1400.............. 1680 ................ 12-2 ..... 35-7
1500.............. 1800 ................ 14-0 ..... 40-10


(d) Counterweight Safeties. Where any space below the hoistway is used for a passageway or is occupied by persons, or if unoccupied is not permanently sealed against access, the following requirements shall be conformed to:
(1) Elevator counterweights shall be provided with safeties conforming to the requirements for car safeties.

Exceptions:
1. Where otherwise specified in section 3035, counterweight safeties may differ from car safeties.
2. For rated speeds of not over 150 feet per minute, counterweight safeties may be operated as a result of the breaking or slackening of the hoisting ropes and may be of the inertia or other approved type without governors.
Every safety device applied as a result of the slackening or breaking of the hoisting cables shall be drop tested when installed. This test shall be witnessed by a representative of the Division of Industrial Safety, or the Division may accept reports of witnesses recognized as competent by the Division.
3. Existing counterweights equipped with safety devices actuated by the breaking or slackening of the counterweight ropes and which have a rated speed of not more than 250 feet per minute.
4. Wedge clamp safeties shall not be used for counterweight safeties unless they are arranged to be reset from the pit or the machine room.
(e) Identification and Classification of Types of Safeties. Car safety devices (safeties) are identified and classified on the basis of performance characteristics after the safety begins to apply pressure on the guide rails. On this basis, there are three types of safeties.
(1) Type A Safeties. Safeties which develop a rapidly increasing pressure on the guide rails during the stopping interval, the stopping distance being very short due to the inherent design of the safety. The operating force is derived entirely from the mass and the motion of the car or the counterweight being stopped. These safeties apply pressure on the guide rails through eccentrics, rollers, or similar devices, without any flexible medium purposely introduced to limit the retarding force and increase the stopping distance.
(2) Type B Safeties. Safeties which apply limited pressure on the guide rails during the stopping interval, and which provide stopping distances that are related to the mass being stopped and the speed at which application of the safety is initiated.
Retarding forces are reasonably uniform after the safety is fully applied. Continuous tension in the governor rope may or may not be required to operate the safety during the entire stopping interval. Minimum and maximum distances are specified on the basis of governor tripping speed.
(3) Type C Safeties (Type A with Oil Buffers). Safeties which develop retarding forces during the compression stroke of one or more oil buffers interposed between the lower members of the car frame and a governor-operated Type A auxiliary safety plank applied on the guide rails. The stopping distance is equal to the effective stroke of the buffers.
(f) Safeties to Stop Ascending Cars or Counterweights Prohibited. Safeties shall not stop an ascending car or counterweight.
(g) Governor Actuated Safeties and Car Safety Mechanism Switches Required.
(1) Car safeties and counterweight safeties, where provided shall be actuated by separate approved governors.
Exceptions:
1. Speed governors are not required for the operation of counterweight safeties of elevators having a rated speed of not more than 150 feet per minute.

2. Existing elevators that comply with the exceptions to section 3035(a)(1).
(2) Car safeties shall be provided with a switch, operated by the car safety mechanism when the safety is applied.
Exception: Existing elevators which comply with the exceptions to section 3036(d)(2).
(h) Limits of Use of Various Types of Safeties.
(1) Type A (Instantaneous) Safeties. Type A safeties may be used on elevators having a rated speed of not more than 150 feet per minute. When overspeed occurs, with the hoisting ropes intact, such safeties shall be actuated by the governor.
On the parting of the hoisting ropes (free fall), Type A governor-operated safeties shall apply without appreciable delay; and their application shall be independent of the speed action of the governor and of the location of the break in the hoisting ropes (inertia application) and may be accomplished by the use of a governor and governor rigging having a sufficiently high value of inertia to apply the safety on free fall independently of the speed action of the governor.
(2) Type C (Combination Instantaneous and Oil Buffer Safety). Type C Safeties may be used subject to the following requirements:
(A) The rated speed shall be not more than 500 feet per minute.
(B) The oil buffers shall conform to all requirements specified in Section 3031 for oil buffers, except that the stroke shall be based on governor tripping speed and on an average retardation not exceeding 32.2 feet per second per second.
(C) After the buffer stroke has been completed, provision shall be made for an additional travel of plunger or piston of not less than 10 percent of the buffer stroke to prevent excessive impact on the buffer parts and the auxiliary safety plank.
(D) Where the distance between guide rails exceeds 8 feet, the safety shall be provided with two oil buffers of substantially identical calibration; and the buffers shall be so located as to develop minimum stresses in the auxiliary safety plank during safety operation.
Buffers shall be located in line with and symmetrically between the guide rails.
(E) The auxiliary safety plank shall be so designed that the maximum stresses in the plank shall not exceed those specified for similar car frame members in Design section 3101(a)(4).
(F) The rail-gripping device of the auxiliary safety plank shall be so arranged and connected as to prevent the plank from being out of level more than 1/2 inch in the length of the plank when the safety is operated to stop the car.
(G) An electric switch shall be provided and so arranged and connected that the elevator cannot be operated by means of the normal operating device if any buffer is compressed more than 10 percent of its stroke.
(H) Means shall be provided to prevent operation of the elevator by means of the normal operating device if the oil level in any buffer is below the minimum allowable level.

(3) No car-holding safety device shall be used for a greater total load or speed than that specified in the approval. The weight of the independent car counterweights, where used, may be deducted from the total load of the car and capacity in determining the load on the safety device.
(4) Observation elevators shall have safeties of the type that do not require access to the car or hoistway for resetting. Safeties on elevators exposed to the weather shall have corrosion resistant parts of all points where corrosion could prevent the device from functioning as intended.
(i) Application and Release of Safeties.
(1) Safeties shall be applied mechanically. Electric, hydraulic, or pneumatic devices shall not be used to apply the safeties required by this section, nor to hold such safeties in the retracted position.
(2) The application of the safety to stop the car, with its rated load centered on each quarter of the platform symmetrically with relation to the center lines of the platform, shall not cause the platform to be out of level more than 3/8 of an inch per foot in any direction.

Exception: Type C safeties.
(3) When car safeties are applied, no decrease in tension in the governor rope nor motion of the car in the down direction shall release the safeties; but such safeties may be released by the motion of the car in the up direction.
(4) Safeties shall be so designed that on their application the forces which provide the stopping action shall be compressive forces on each side of the guide rail section.
(j) Minimum Permissible Clearance Between Rail Gripping Faces of Safety Parts. In the normally retracted position of the safety, the distance between the rail-gripping faces of the safety parts shall be not less than the thickness of the guide rail plus 0.14 (9/64) inch; and the clearance on any side between the gripping face and the guide rail shall be not less than 0.0625 (1/16) inch as measured on the side of the rail toward which the car frame is pressed with sufficient force to take up all clearances in the guide shoe assembly. Safety jaws, while in the retracted position, shall be so restrained as to prevent a reduction of this minimum clearance.
(k) Maximum Permissible Movement of Governor Rope to Operate the Safety Mechanism.
(1) For all drum-operated safeties, the movement of the governor rope, relative to the car, required to operate the safety mechanism from its fully retracted position to a position where the safety jaws begin to exert pressure against the guide rails, shall not exceed the following values based on rated speed.

200 feet per minute or less....... 42 inches
201 to 375 feet per minute........ 36 inches
Over 375 feet per minute.......... 30 inches


(2) Drum-operated car safeties, requiring continual unwinding of the safety drum rope to fully apply the safety, shall be so designed that not less than three turns of the safety rope will remain on the drum after the overspeed test of the safety has been made with rated load in the car.
(l) Minimum Factors of Safety and Stresses of Safety Parts and Rope Connections. See Design section 3106(d) for design factors of safety.
(m) Corrosion Resistant Bearings in Safeties and Safety Operating Mechanisms. Bearings in safeties and of the safety operating mechanism shall be of corrosion-resistant construction with one or both members of a bearing made of, or electroplated with, a corrosion-resistant material.
(n) Marking Plates for Safeties. A metal plate or plates shall be securely attached to each safety so as to be readily visible, and shall be marked in a legible and permanent manner with letters and figures not less than 1/4 inch in height indicating the following:
(1) The type of safety.
(2) The maximum tripping speed in feet per minute for which the safety is designed to be used.
(3) The maximum weight in pounds for which the safety is designed to be used with the car frame in which it is installed.
(4) The name of the manufacturer and the identifying number of the safety.
(5) The date of the initial safety test required by section 3035(a)(4) witnessed by a representative of the division.
(o) Governor Rope Releasing Carriers. The governor-rope releasing carrier on the car (or on the counterweight) shall be set to require a tension in the governor rope, to pull the rope from the carrier, of not more than 60 percent of the pull-through tension developed by the governor; and the carrier shall be designed so that the pull-out tension cannot be adjusted in a normal manner to exceed the amount specified. Tension in the governor rope required to pull the rope from the carrier shall not exceed 300 pounds.
(p) Rail Lubricants and Lubrication Plate. Rail lubricants or coatings which will reduce the holding power of the safety or prevent its functioning as required in section 3035(c) shall not be used.
Where lubricants are to be used, a metal plate shall be securely attached to the car crosshead in an easily visible location, and shall carry the notation "CONSULT MANUFACTURER OF THE SAFETY FOR THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RAIL LUBRICANT TO BE USED."
If lubricants other than those recommended by the manufacturer are used, a safety test shall be made to demonstrate that the safety will function as required by section 3035(c).
(q) Compensating Rope Tie Down. For rated speeds of 800 feet per minute or more, a device shall be provided to tie the car and counterweight together to limit the jump of the car or counterweight as a result of buffer engagement or application of car or counterweight safety.










s 3036. Governors.
(a) Governors Required and Location. Every elevator and every counterweight equipped with an approved type, governor-actuated safety device shall be equipped with an approved governor. See Design Section 3105 for details of approval of governors.
Exception: Counterweights excepted under Section 3035(d).

(1) Every type of governor hereafter installed shall be field tested before a permit to operate is issued. This test shall be witnessed by an authorized representative of the Division of Industrial Safety, or the division may accept reports of witnesses recognized as competent by the division.
(A) Where the tripping speed of the governor is not determined on the running test on each installation, it shall be separately determined by removing the governor rope and driving the governor by hand or by a motor in such a manner as to accurately determine the tripping speed.
(2) The governor shall be located where it cannot be struck by the car or counterweight in case of overtravel, and where there is adequate space for full movement of governor parts. The governor shall be readily accessible with adequate work space for resetting and maintenance. When the elevator driving machine is located over the hoistway, the governor shall be located above the floor over the hoistway.
(b) Tripping Speeds for Governors.
(1) Governors for car safeties shall be set to trip at overspeeds as follows:

(A) At not less than 115 percent of rated speed.
(B) At not more than the tripping speed listed opposite the applicable rated speed in Table No. 3036 B. Maximum tripping speeds for intermediate rated speeds shall be determined from Design Section Figure 3105 A. For rated speeds exceeding 1500 feet per minute, the maximum tripping speeds shall not exceed 120 percent of the rated speed.
TABLE 3036 B Maximum Speeds in Feet-Per-Minute At Which Governor Trips and
Governor Overspeed Switch Operates


Max Speed at Which
Max Governor ......... Governor Overspeed
Rated Speed .......... Trip Speed ........... Switch Operates, Down
0-125................. 175 .................. 175 [FNa1]
150................... 210 .................. 210 [FNa1]
175................... 250 .................. 225
200................... 280 .................. 252
225................... 308 .................. 277

250................... 337 .................. 303
300................... 395 .................. 355
350................... 452 .................. 407
400................... 510 .................. 459
450................... 568 .................. 512
500................... 625 .................. 563
600................... 740 .................. 703
700................... 855 .................. 812
800................... 970 .................. 921
900................... 1085 ................. 1031
1000.................. 1200 ................. 1140
1100.................. 1320 ................. 1254
1200.................. 1440 ................. 1368
1300.................. 1560 ................. 1482
1400.................. 1680 ................. 1596
1500.................. 1800 ................. 1710
[FNa1] Governor Overspeed Switch not Required on Car Governors.


(2) Governors, where provided, for counterweight safeties shall be set to trip at an overspeed greater than, but not more than 10 percent above, that at which the car governor is set to trip.
(c) Sealing and Painting of Governors. Governors shall have their means of speed adjustment sealed after test. If governors are painted after sealing, all bearing and rubbing surfaces shall be kept free or freed of paint and a hand test made to determine that all parts operate freely as intended. Seals shall be of a type which will prevent readjustment of the governor tripping speed without breaking the seal. Whenever the seal is broken, the governor shall be rechecked and set for the proper tripping speed.
(d) Governor Overspeed and Car Safety Mechanism Switches.
(1) A switch shall be provided on the governor, and operated by the overspeed action of the governor, when used with Type B and C car safeties of elevators having a rated speed exceeding 150 feet per minute and on all elevators with static controls. A switch shall be provided on the governor when used with counterweight safeties at any car speed. When operated the switch shall cause power to be removed from the hoist machine motor and brake.
Exceptions:

1. Existing elevators with traction type machines installed before June 5, 1947, which are provided with a car safety mechanism switch.
2. Elevators with drum type machines installed before June 5, 1947.
(2) Every car safety shall be provided with a switch operated by the car safety mechanism when the safety is applied.
Exceptions:
1. Existing elevators with drum-type machines.
2. Existing elevators with traction-type machines and sliding-type safety devices which are provided with a governor overspeed switch.
3. Counterweight safeties.
(3) The switches shall, when operated, remove power from the driving-machine motor and brake before or at the time of application of the safety.
(4) The setting of the car governor overspeed switch when used with static control shall be at no more than 90% of the tripping speed of the governor and shall be activated in either direction of travel. The setting of the car governor overspeed switch for elevators with other types of control shall conform to the following:
(A) For rated speeds more than 150 feet per minute, up to and including 500 feet per minute, the car governor overspeed switch shall open in the down direction of the elevator at not more than 90 percent of the speed at which the governor is set to trip in the down direction.
(B) For rated speeds more than 500 feet per minute, the car governor overspeed switch shall open in the down direction of the elevator at not more than 95 percent of the speed at which the governor is set to trip in the down direction.
(C) The governor overspeed switch, when set as specified in either Section 3036(d)(4)(A) or Section 3036(d)(4)(B) shall open in the up direction at not more than 100 percent of the speed at which the governor is set to trip in the down direction.
Exceptions TO SECTION 3036(d)(4)(A) AND 3036(d)(4)(B):

The governor overspeed switch may be set to open in the down direction of the elevator at not more than 100 percent of the speed at which the governor is set to trip in the down direction, subject to the following requirements:
1. A speed-reducing switch is provided on the governor which will reduce the speed of the elevator in case of overspeed, and which shall be set to open as specified in Section 3036(d)(4)(A) and Section 3036(d)(4)(B).
2. Subsequent to the first stop of the car following the opening of the speed-reducing switch, the car shall remain inoperative until the switch is manually reset.
(5) The governor switches and safety mechanism switches shall conform to the following:
(A) Governor overspeed switches and speed-reducing switches required by Section 3036(d) shall be positively opened and shall remain in the open position until manually reset.
(B) Safety switches operated by the car safety mechanism shall be positively opened and shall not reset unless the car safety mechanism has been returned to the running position.
(e) Governor Ropes.
(1) Governor ropes shall be of iron, steel, monel metal, phosphor bronze, or stainless steel, of regular-lay construction, and shall be not less than 3/8 inch in diameter. Tiller-rope construction shall not be used, except to replace existing ropes of tiller-rope construction.
(2) Replacement of governor ropes shall be of the same size, material, and construction as the rope originally installed by the elevator manufacturer, except that a rope of the same size but of either different material or construction may be employed, provided a test is made of the car or counterweight safety and governor with the new rope to demonstrate that the safety will function as required by Section 3035(c).
(3) Whenever a governor rope is renewed, a running test of the safety device, with or without load, shall be conducted at not less than rated speed to demonstrate that the governor jaws or yoke properly grip the rope and that the safety device functions properly.

(4) Whenever wear, corrosion, broken wires, or other factors indicate that the governor rope has its breaking strength reduced materially below the manufacturer's rating, the rope shall be renewed. Governor ropes shall not be lengthened or repaired by splicing.
(5) A metal, fiber, or plastic tag or tags shall be securely attached to each governor rope. This data tag shall bear the following wire rope data:
(A) The diameter in inches.
(B) The manufacturer's rated breaking strength.
(C) The grade of material used.
(D) The month and year the ropes were installed and the safeties tested. (The safety test date may be indicated on a separate tag.)
(E) Whether nonpreformed or preformed.
(F) Construction classification.

(G) Name of the person or firm who installed the ropes.
(H) Name of the manufacturer of the rope.
(6) During normal operation of the elevator, the governor rope shall run free and clear of the governor jaws, rope guards, or other stationary parts.
(7) The governor rope shall be attached by an approved method such as babbitted sockets or crosby clips. The attachment shall develop a factor of safety of not less than 5 based on governor rope pull-through tension.
(f) Design of Governor Rope-Grip Jaws for Type B Safeties.
(1) Type B car and counterweight safeties shall be actuated by a governor equipped with rope-grip jaws which will permit the governor rope to pull through the jaws. The maximum tension in the governor rope to cause it to slip through the governor jaws shall not exceed 1/5 of the rated ultimate strength of the rope.
(2) Governor jaws shall be of such shape and minimum length that no appreciable damage to or deformation of the rope shall result from the stopping action of the jaws in operating the car or counterweight safety.
(3) Each governor shall be equipped with a rope gripping device which does not depend solely on springs for the application of the jaws to the ropes. Springs may be used to provide the tension between the governor rope and the jaws as required to set the safety.
(g) Design of Governor Sheaves and Traction Between Governor Rope and Sheave.
(1) The arc of contact between the governor rope and the governor sheave shall be at least 180 degrees. Governor ropes shall be provided with devices to maintain them in tension.
(2) Governor sheave grooves shall have machine-finished surfaces. Governor tension sheaves shall have machine-finished grooves for rated car speeds of more than 150 feet per minute. Machined governor sheave grooves shall have a groove diameter of not more than 1 1/8 times the diameter of the governor rope.
(3) The pitch diameter of governor sheaves and governor tension sheaves shall be not less than the product of the diameter of the rope and the applicable multiplier listed below, based on the rated speed and the number of strands in the rope.

Number of
Rated Speeds ............................. Strands .... Multiplier
Two hundred feet per minute or less....... 6 ......... 42
Two hundred feet per minute or less....... 8 ......... [FN30]
Over 200 feet per minute.................. 6 ......... 46
Over 200 feet per minute.................. 8 ......... 32


(h) Governor Marking Plate. A metal plate or plates shall be securely attached to each governor and shall be marked in a legible and permanent manner with letter and figures not less than 1/4 inch in height, indicating the following:
(1) The speed in feet per minute at which the governor is set and sealed to trip.
(2) The size, material, and construction of the governor rope on which the governor jaws were designed to operate.

(3) The manufacturer and identifying number of the governor.
(4) Pull-through tension settings of the governor jaws on governors used with Type B safeties.




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code.









s 3037. Capacity and Loading.
(a) Minimum Rated Load for Passenger Elevators.
(1) The rated load in pounds for passenger elevators shall be based on the inside net platform areas, and shall be not less than that determined by the formulas of Design Section 3100(a).

Exception: The load rating, in pounds, of elevators installed before June 5, 1947, providing the existing load rating is not higher than that which can be lifted at rated speed and can be lowered within the limits of Section 3040(f)(5).
(A) The inside net platform areas shall be determined as shown in Figure 3037 A1. Table No. 3037 A1 and Figure No. 3037 A2 show the maximum inside net platform areas for the various common rated loads and may be used for reference purposes.
(2) Passenger elevators shall conform to the requirements of Design Section 3100(b) in their design to handle overload.
(3) The number of passengers permitted on a passenger elevator shall not exceed the rated load in pounds, divided by 150.

TABLE 3037 A1
Maximum Inside Net Platform Areas for the Various Rated Loads
Inside Net
Rated Load Platform Area

lb. sq. ft.
500 ....................................................... 7.0
600 ....................................................... 8.3
700 ....................................................... 9.6
1,000 ................................................... 13.25
1,200 .................................................... 15.6
1,500 .................................................... 18.9
1,800 .................................................... 22.1
2,000 .................................................... 24.2
2,500 .................................................... 29.1
3,000 .................................................... 33.7
3,500 .................................................... 38.0
4,000 .................................................... 42.2
4,500 .................................................... 46.2
5,000 .................................................... 50.0
6,000 .................................................... 57.7
7,000 .................................................... 63.3
8,000 .................................................... 72.9
9,000 .................................................... 80.5
10,000 ................................................... 88.0
12,000 .................................................. 103.0

15,000 .................................................. 123.1
18,000 .................................................. 146.9
20,000 .................................................. 161.2
25,000 .................................................. 196.5
30,000 .................................................. 231.0





(4) Where partitions are installed in the elevator cars for the purpose of restricting the platform net area for passenger use, they shall be permanently bolted, riveted, or welded in place. Gates, doors, or handrails shall not be used for this purpose. Partitions shall be so installed as to provide for approximately symmetrical loading.



(5) When freight is to be carried on a passenger elevator, the following requirements shall be conformed to:
(A) The minimum rated load shall conform to the requirements of Sections 3037(a) and 3037(b), whichever is greater.
(B) The elevator shall be designed for applicable class of freight elevator loading.
(b) Minimum Rated Load for Freight Elevators.
(1) The minimum rated load for freight elevators in pounds shall be based on the weight and class of the load to be handled, but shall in no case be less than the following for each class of loading, based on the inside net platform area.
(A) Class A -General Freight Loading. The rated load shall be based on not less than 50 pounds per square foot of inside net platform area.
(B) Class B -Motor Vehicle Loading. The rated load shall be based on no less than 30 pounds per square foot of inside net platform area.

(C) Class C. The rated load shall be based on not less than 50 pounds per square foot of inside net platform area.
(2) See Design Section 3101(f)(2) for the definitions of the various classes of freight loading.
(c) Capacity and Data Plates.
(1) Every elevator shall be provided with a capacity plate and a data plate.
Exception: Passenger elevators not designed for one-piece loads are not required to have a capacity plate.
Capacity plates shall be securely fastened in a conspicuous place inside the car. Data plates shall be securely attached to the car crosshead.
Exceptions:
1. For underslung elevators having no crosshead, the data plate shall be located inside the car.

2. Data plates of elevators installed before June 5, 1947.
(2) Capacity and data plates shall have the following information:
(A) Capacity plates shall indicate the rated load of the elevator in pounds and, in addition, this plate or a separate plate shall indicate:
1. The one-piece load capacity where the elevator is designed to lift such loads exceeding the rated load. See Section 3037(g).
2. For freight elevators designed for Class C2 loading, the maximum load the elevator is designed to support while being loaded or unloaded.
(B) Data plates shall indicate:
1. The weight of the complete car including the car safety and all auxiliary equipment attached to the car.
2. The rated load and speed.

3. The wire rope data required by Section 3042(b).
4. The manufacturer's name and date of installation.
(C) Data plates shall be of metal and capacity plates shall be of metal or of laminated plastic. Letters and figures shall be stamped or etched in or cast on the surface of the plate in such a manner as to be readily legible.
The height of the letters and figures shall be not less than:
1. One-quarter inch for passenger elevator capacity plates where provided.
2. One inch for freight elevator capacity plates.
3. One-eighth inch for data plates.
(d) Carrying of Passengers on Freight Elevators. Freight elevators shall not be used for passenger service.
(e) Signs Required in Freight Elevator Cars.

(1) The following signs shall be provided inside the car located in a conspicuous position:
(A) In every freight elevator a sign shall specify the type of loading for which the elevator is designed with one of the following markings:
1. "THIS ELEVATOR DESIGNED FOR GENERAL FREIGHT LOADING."
2. "THIS ELEVATOR DESIGNED FOR MOTOR-VEHICLE LOADING."
3. "THIS ELEVATOR DESIGNED FOR LOADED INDUSTRIAL TRUCK WEIGHING ____________ LB. MAXIMUM."
(B) In freight elevators, a sign reading:
"THIS IS NOT A PASSENGER ELEVATOR. NO PERSONS OTHER THAN THE OPERATOR AND FREIGHT HANDLERS ARE PERMITTED TO RIDE ON THIS ELEVATOR."
(2) The material, marking and fastening of signs shall conform to the requirements for capacity plates except that the letters need not be more than 1/2 inch high.
(f) Overloading of Freight Elevators. Freight elevators shall not be loaded to exceed their rated load as specified on the capacity plate.
Exception:
1. Static loads on elevators loaded and unloaded by industrial trucks as noted on car capacity or separate plate.
2. Elevators designed and installed to carry one-piece loads exceeding their rated load.
(g) Carrying of One-Piece Loads Exceeding the Rated Load. Passenger and freight elevators may be used, where necessary, to carry one-piece loads greater than their rated load provided they are designed, installed, and operated to conform to the following requirements:
(1) A locking device shall be provided which will hold the car at any landing independently of the hoisting ropes while the car is being loaded or unloaded.
(2) The locking device shall be so designed that it cannot be unlocked unless and until the entire weight of the car and load is suspended on the ropes.
(3) A removable wrench or other device shall be provided to operate the locking device.
(4) The locking device shall be so designed that the locking bars will be automatically withdrawn should they come in contact with the landing locks when the car is operated in the up direction.
(5) A special capacity plate shall be provided inside the elevator car, and located in a conspicuous place, which shall bear the words "CAPACITY LIFTING ONE-PIECE LOADS," in letters followed by figures giving the special capacity in pounds for lifting one-piece loads for which the machine is designed.
(6) The car frame, car platform, sheaves, shafts, ropes, and locking device shall be designed for the specified "Capacity Lifting One-Piece Loads," provided that:
(A) In the design of the car frame, platform, sheaves, shafts, and ropes, the allowable stresses may be 20 percent higher than those permitted for normal loading.

(B) The factor of safety for the locking device shall be not less than 5.
(7) The car safeties shall be designed to stop and hold the specified "Capacity Lifting One-Piece Loads" with the ropes intact.
(8) Where there is an occupied space, or an unoccupied space not sealed against access under the hoistway, the following requirements shall be conformed to:
(A) The machine shall be designed to operate with the "Capacity Lifting One-Piece Loads" at slow speed.
(B) The car safety shall be designed to stop and hold the car with this load independently of the hoisting ropes.
(C) The counterweight safety shall be designed to stop and hold the entire weight of the counterweight independently of the ropes.
(9) For traction machines, where necessary to secure adequate traction, additional counterweight shall be added during the period of use with one-piece loads so that the total overbalance is at least equal to 45 percent of the "Capacity Lifting One-Piece Loads."
(10) A special operating device of the car-switch or constant -pressure type shall be provided in the machine room, located near the driving machine, to operate the elevator. When this device is operative, all other operating devices shall be inoperative.
(11) The "Capacity Lifting One-Piece Loads" of any passenger traction elevator shall not exceed 1-1/3 times the rated load of the elevator.
(h) Additional Requirements for Passenger Overload. See Design Section 3100 (b) for additional design requirements for passenger elevators.










s 3038. Driving Machines and Sheaves.
(a) Type of Driving Machine. All driving machines shall be of the traction type.
Exception: Winding drum machines may be used for freight elevators subject to the following:

1. They shall not be provided with counter-weights.
2. The travel of the elevator car shall not exceed 40 feet.
3. The rated speed of the elevator shall not exceed 50 feet per minute. The installation of belt drive and chain drive machines is prohibited.
(b) Material and Grooving for Sheaves and Drums. Sheaves and drums used with suspension and compensating ropes shall:
(1) Be of metal finished grooves, provided the grooves of sheaves not used to transmit power may be lined with rubber or other sound isolating material.
(2) Have a pitch diameter not less than:
(A) 40 times the diameter of the rope, where used with suspension ropes.
Exception: Existing sheaves where 8x19 wire rope is used and which have a diameter less than 40 diameters of the rope, but not less than 32 diameters, and are provided with permanent marking "Use 8x19 Cables Only."

(B) 32 times the diameter of the rope, where used for compensating sheaves.
(c) Factor of Safety for Machines and Sheaves. See Design Section 3104.
(d) Bolts Transmitting Torque, and Set Screws. Bolts or other means used to transmit torque between the driving sheave and the gearing, and their supports, shall be tightly fitted without play.
Set screws or threaded portions of bolts or screws shall not be used to transmit torque.
(e) Shaft Fillets and Keys. A fillet shall be provided at any point or change in the diameter of driving-machine shafts and sheave shafts to prevent excessive stress concentrations in the shafts.
Shafts which support drums, sheaves, gears, couplings, and other members, and which transmit torque, shall be provided with tight fitting keys.
(f) Cast Iron Worms and Worm Gears. Worms and gears made of cast iron shall not be installed nor used as replacements in elevator driving machines. Worms and worm gears shall be so arranged that in the event of the worm shaft breaking the worm will still remain in mesh with the worm gear.
(g) Friction Gearing and Clutches. Friction gearing or a clutch mechanism shall not be used in elevator driving machines for connecting the drums or sheaves to the source of power.
(h) Driving Machine Brakes.
(1) The elevator driving machine shall be equipped with a friction brake applied by a spring or springs, or by gravity, and released electrically.
(2) The brake shall be designed and maintained to have a capacity sufficient to hold the car at rest with its rated load.
(3) Where gravity is used to apply the brake, the weights shall be guarded to prevent any obstruction being placed under the weights.
Group II regulations apply to existing elevators installed prior to October 25, 1998. Italicized paragraphs, sentences, or phrases apply to all existing elevators while non-italicized apply to elevators installed after 1970 or after the date the regulation was adopted.










s 3039. Terminal Stopping Devices.
(a) Normal Terminal Stopping Devices.
(1) Normal terminal stopping device switches shall be directly operated by the movement of the car. Normal terminal stopping devices may use mechanically operated, magnetically operated, optical, or static type switches.

(2) Upper and lower normal terminal stopping devices shall be provided and arranged to slow down and stop the car automatically, at or near the top and bottom terminal landings, with any load up to and including rated load in the car and from any speed attained in normal operation. Such devices shall function independently of the operation of the final terminal stopping device. The device shall be so designed and installed that it will continue to function until the final terminal stopping device operates.
(3) Directional stopping switches for normal terminal stopping devices shall be of the enclosed type located on the car or in the hoistway, and shall be operated by the movement of the car using metal operating cams.
Exceptions:
1. Elevators installed before June 5, 1947, that are equipped with an acceptable stopping device in the overhead or machine room positively driven from the car by a tape, rope, chain, or wire.
2. Winding-drum machines installed before June 5, 1947, having this device located on the machine.

(A) Where the stopping switch in the hoistway is arranged to function only in case the automatic slowdown circuit fails, an additional directional stopping switch driven mechanically by the car complying with the requirements of Section 3039(a)(2), shall be mounted either in the machine room or in the hoistway.
(B) Where the automatic floor stop device complies with Section 3039(a)(3), it may be used as the normal terminal stopping device.
(4) On elevators arranged to automatically slow down at the terminal landings, the normal terminal stopping devices shall be arranged to stop the car within the limits of top and bottom runby in case the automatic slowdown fails to function.
(5) When the slowdown switches used with the normal terminal stopping device are located in the machine room, they shall conform to the following:
(A) They shall be operated by a device mechanically connected to and driven by the car. Friction or traction drives shall not be used.
(B) Tapes, chains, ropes, or similar devices used as the mechanical connection to the car shall be provided with an electrical contact which will cause the electric power to be removed from the elevator motor and brake if the mechanical connection fails.
(C) The slowdown switches used as part of the normal terminal stopping device may function as the automatic slowdown provided a stopping switch is mounted in the hoistway that will fulfill the requirements of Section 3039(a)(4).
(6) The winding machines of all power-driven, drum-type elevators shall be equipped with an acceptable normal terminal stopping device.
(b) Final Terminal Stopping Devices.
(1) Final terminal stopping devices shall be provided and arranged to cause the electric power to be removed automatically from the elevator driving-machine motor and brake after the car has passed a terminal landing. The device shall be set to function as close to the terminal landing as practicable, but so that under normal operating conditions it will not function when the car is stopped by the normal terminal stopping device.
(2) The operation of the final terminal stopping devices shall prevent movement of the car by the normal operating device in both directions of travel.
(3) Elevators having traction or winding-drum machines shall have final terminal stopping devices located in the hoistway and operated by metal cams attached to the car.
Exceptions:
(1) Freight elevators installed before January 1, 1925.
(2) Passenger and freight elevators installed before April 17, 1970 that have final limit switches on the car operated by cams in the hoistway. These devices shall be located as follows:
(A) Where spring buffers or solid bumpers are provided, the device shall function before the buffer or bumper is engaged.
(B) Where oil buffers are used, the device shall function before the car buffer is compressed more than 2/3 of its stroke, or before the counterweight buffer is compressed more than 1/3 of its stroke.

(C) Operating cams shall be so located and of such length as to maintain the switches in the open position until the car is in contact with the overhead structure or on the fully compressed bumpers or buffers.
Exception: Traction elevators equipped with compensating ropes may have the cam so located that the final terminal stopping device at the top of the hoistway is maintained in the open position until the counterweight is resting on its fully compressed buffer.
(D) If the switch to limit the "up" travel is located so as to be opened when the car is more than 18 inches past the upper terminal landing, a car apron, conforming to Section 3033(i), shall be provided, and be the depth of this zone plus 3 inches.
(4) Final terminal stopping-device switches shall be of the enclosed type, securely mounted and directly operated by the movement of the car. Arrangements which depend on a spring or gravity, or both, to open the switch contacts shall not be used. The switch contacts shall be opened directly mechanically.
(5) The normal and final terminal stopping device shall not control the same controller switches unless two or more separate and independent switches are provided, two of which shall be closed to complete the driving-machine motor-and-brake circuit in either direction of travel. Where a two phase or three phase alternating current driving machine motor is used, these controller switches shall be of the multipole type.
(A) The controller switches opened by the final terminal stopping device shall not be of the manual reset type.
(B) The control shall be so designed and installed that a single ground or short circuit will not prevent both the normal or final stopping device circuits from stopping the car.
(6) Elevators having winding drum machines shall also have final terminal stopping switches located on and operated by the driving machine, except drum machines installed before June 5, 1947.
(A) Final terminal stopping switches, located on and operated by the driving machine, shall not be driven by chains, ropes or belts.
(c) Emergency Terminal Stopping Devices. Emergency terminal stopping devices installed in connection with reduced-stroke oil buffers shall conform to the following:
(1) They shall operate at a predetermined distance from the terminal landing if the car has not slowed down to a predetermined speed when it reaches that predetermined distance from the terminal landing. The device shall automatically cause the power to be removed from the driving machine motor and brake independently of the normal stopping device.
(2) They shall provide a retardation not in excess of 32.2 feet per second per second.
(3) They shall not apply the car safety.
(4) They shall be so designed and installed that a single short circuit caused by a combination of grounds or by other conditions shall not prevent their functioning.
(5) The car speed sensing device shall be located on the governor and the emergency terminal stopping switch shall be located in the hoistway.
Exception: The emergency terminal stopping switch may be located in the machine room provided the operating means conform to the requirements of Sections 3039(a)(5)(A) and 3039(a)(5)(B).
(d) Terminal speed limiting devices for static control elevators.
(1) Terminal speed limiting devices shall be provided when a static control is used on elevators with rated speeds over 500 feet per minute or that do not use the normal terminal stopping device switches to limit generator shunt field current directly so the car speed is reduced as it approaches the terminal should the normal means fail to do so and shall conform to the following:
(A) They shall operate at a predetermined distance from the terminal landing if a car has not slowed to a predetermined speed when it reaches that predetermined distance from the terminal landing. The device shall automatically cause the power to be removed from the driving machine motor and brake independently of the normal stopping device.
(B) They shall provide a retardation not in excess of 32.2 feet per second per second.
(C) They shall not apply the car safety.

(E) The car speed sensing devices shall be independent of the normal speed control system.
(F) The associated car position switches shall be located in the hoistway.
Exception: The associated car position switches may be located in the machine room provided the operating means conform to the requirements of Sections 3039(a)(5)(A) and 3039(a)(5)(B).
(Title 24, Part 7, Section 7-3039)




Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943, Health and Safety Code.










s 3040. Operating Devices and Control Equipment.
(a) Operation and Operating Devices.
(1) Operating devices shall be of the enclosed electric type. Rope or rod operating devices actuated directly by hand, or rope-operating devices actuated by wheels, levers, or cranks shall not be used.

(2) Handles of car-switch operation elevators shall be so arranged that they will return to the stop position and latch there automatically when the hand of the operator is removed.
Exception : Elevators installed before 1925 may omit the automatic latch.
All existing elevators having preregister signal or car-switch automatic floor stop operation, and which are not equipped with a contacted car door or gate, shall have the operating device so arranged that the power will be cut off from the machine and the brake applied when the hand of the operator is removed from the operating device, except when the car is being operated by the leveling device in the leveling zone.
(3) For all types of elevators, the car operating device and the machine controller shall be labeled so as to designate the up and down car movement.
Exception : The operating device for signal or automatic operation elevators.
Car-switch or hand-lever operating levers shall be so arranged that the movement of the lever toward the entrance door (which the operator usually faces) will cause the car to descend, and the movement of the lever away from the door will cause the car to ascend.
Exception :
(4) Means shall be provided to operate the elevator from the top of the car during adjustment, inspection, maintenance, or repair.
The operating means shall conform to the following:
(A) It shall be of the continuous-pressure type.
(B) It shall operate the car at a speed not exceeding 150 feet per minute and shall be dependent on the normal terminal stopping devices as the limits of travel in either direction.
(C) It shall operate the car only when the car door or gate is in the closed position and when all hoistway doors are in the closed position and, where required by these regulations, locked.
(D) It may be of the portable type, provided the extension cord is permanently attached to a car top fixture so that the device cannot be removed.

(E) It shall be so arranged and connected that, when operative, the movement of the car shall be solely under the control of this device, except as provided in Section 3040(a)(4)(G); and any power-door operating devices shall be inoperative. The transfer switch or other means for accomplishing thisfunction shall be located between the car crosshead and that side of the car which is nearest to the hoistway door used for access to the top of the car. (continued)