CCLME.ORG - DIVISION 1. DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS CHAPTERS 1 through 6

(continued)
14.3 Times 5 Sec.
25 Times 2 Sec.
50 Times 0.5 Sec.
100 Times 0.125 Sec.

(Title 24, Part 3, Section 450-3.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2878. Grounding.
Transformer windings, if grounded, and metallic cases or enclosures for transformers shall be grounded in accordance with Article 6.
Exception: Cases of pole-mounted transformers need not be grounded, unless grounding is required by General Order No. 95, Rule 58.3C3, Rules for Overhead Electric Line Construction of the California Public Utilities Commission.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-450-10.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

(Formerly Article 77)

s 2880. Scope.
The provisions of this article apply to any rotating machine with normal rated operating voltages in excess of 600 volts between conductors or conductors to ground and to the control apparatus directly associated with such a machine.
Diagram 2880 (a)

TYPICAL MOTOR BRANCH CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Diagram 2880 (b)

TYPICAL GENERATOR CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2881. Conductors.
(a) General. Conductors for use on rotating equipment and its control shall be of the proper voltage classification for the application as described in Article 18.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-430-121.)
(b) Size of Conductors. Conductors supplying motors and the load conductors of generators shall have ampacities to carry safely the maximum load current and shall meet the requirements of Article 18.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-430-124.)
(c) Conductor Enclosures Adjacent to Rotating Machinery. When making raceway connections to the terminal enclosures of rotating machines, flexible metallic conduit shall be permitted to be used if the flexible conduit is properly bonded at both ends or otherwise properly grounded. The maximum length of flexible conduit shall not be more than 6 feet.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 430-123.)
(d) Terminations. Terminations of conductors at the motor or generator shall be in terminal enclosures or in a pit or limited access enclosure and shall be adequately braced and protected from physical damage. If terminal enclosures are used, they shall provide adequate room to allow proper terminations of the conductors without sharp bends.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-430-128.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2882. Control of Motors and Generators.
(a) Motors.
(1) Controls. Each motor shall be provided with a means for starting and stopping. The switching means shall meet the requirements of Sections 2833 and 2837. A properly coordinated and rated combination of current-limiting fuses and contactor will meet these requirements.

(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-430-129(a).)
The controller disconnecting means for motor branch circuits over 600 volts, nominal, shall be permitted to be out of sight of the controller, if the controller is marked with a warning label giving the location and identification of the disconnecting means which is to be locked in the open position.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 430-102.)
(2) Isolation. A means shall be installed to isolate each motor and its controller from all sources of potential. The isolating means shall meet requirements of Section 2835 (b).
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-430.129(b).)
(b) Generators.
(1) Each generator shall be provided with a load switching device meeting the requirements of Section 2833 or 2837. A properly coordinated and rated combination of current-limiting fuses and contactor will meet this requirement.

(2) Isolation. A means shall be installed to isolate each generator from all sources of potential. The isolating means shall meet the requirements of Section 2835 (b).
(3) Excitation Control. The generator excitation system shall include a means for safely interrupting excitation current.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-445-9.)
(c) General Application -Motors.
(1) Several Motors Served by a Single Disconnecting Means. A single disconnecting means can serve a group of motors driving the several parts of a single machine, where the construction or use of the machine is such that it would be impractical to attempt to repair the motor, controller, or machine while any part of the machine is in operation.
(2) Undervoltage Protection. Means shall be provided to prevent automatic restarting of motors after undervoltage tripping if automatic starting would constitute a hazard to persons.

(3) Control Circuits. High-voltage portions of control circuits shall be protected against fault currents as provided in Section 2883.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-430-129(c).)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2883. Motor Circuit Protection.
(a) General. The high-voltage circuit for each motor shall include coordinated protection to detect and automatically interrupt motor running overcurrent (overload) and fault currents in the motor, the motor circuit conductors, and the motor controller.
Exception: Where there is a motor which is vital to operation of the plant and the motor should operate to failure if necessary to prevent a greater hazard to persons, the sensing device shall be permitted to be connected to a supervised annunciator or alarm instead of interrupting the motor circuit.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 430-125(a).)
(b) Grounding. Motor frames shall be grounded in accordance with Article 6.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-430-145.)
(c) Fault Current Protection.
(1) Fault current protection shall be provided by one or more of the following:
(A) A circuit breaker, contactor, or other device meeting the requirements of Article 21.
(B) Fuses meeting the requirements of Article 23.
(2) Fuses used for fault interruption shall be placed in each ungrounded conductor. Circuit breakers or contactors and their associated fault sensing devices shall provide protection for, and shall simultaneously disconnect, all ungrounded conductors.
(3) Fault interrupting devices in motor circuits shall not automatically reclose after trip.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 430-125(c).)
(d) Overload Protection.
(1) Each motor shall be protected against dangerous overheating by one, or both, of the following means:
(A) A thermal protector integral with the motor.
(B) An external current sensing device.
(2) The secondary circuits of wound rotor alternating current motors, including conductors, controllers, and resistors rated for the application, shall be considered as protected against overcurrent by the motor overload protection means.

(3) Synchronous motor rotors in addition shall be protected by a motor shutdown device matched to the squirrel-cage winding short time thermal rating for starting.
(4) Operation of the overload interrupting device shall simultaneously disconnect all ungrounded conductors.
(5) Resetting of Overload Sensing Devices.
(A) Overload sensing devices shall not be automatically reset after trip unless:
1. Resetting of the overload sensing device does not cause automatic restarting of the motor.
2. No hazard to persons is created by automatic restarting of the motor and its connected machinery.
(B) When the reset for the overload sensing device is manually operated, it shall be so located as to be safely and readily accessible.

(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-430-125(b).)
(e) Combination Protection. Combination fault interruption and overload protection shall be permitted to be provided by the same device.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 430-125(c)(3).)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2884. Generator Circuit Protection.
(a) Generator Grounding. Generator windings, if grounded, and frames shall be grounded in accordance with Article 6.
(b) General. The high-voltage circuit of each generator shall include coordinated protection capable of detecting and automatically interrupting overload and fault currents in the generator, the generator circuit conductors, and the generator control.
Exception: The overload protection for generators in supervised locations need not automatically trip the switching device, provided it initiates an alarm for the operator to take appropriate action.
(c) Fault Current Protection.
(1) Fault current protection shall be provided by one or more of the following:
(A) A circuit breaker, contactor, or other device meeting the requirements of Article 21.
(B) Fuses meeting the requirements of Article 23.
(2) Fuses used for fault interruption shall be placed in each ungrounded conductor. Circuit breakers or contacts and their associated fault sensing devices shall provide protection for, and shall simultaneously disconnect, all ungrounded conductors.
(3) For faults on the generator side of the generator switching device, the fault protection system shall automatically remove excitation from the generator.
(4) Fault interrupting devices in generator circuits shall not automatically reclose after trip.
(d) Overload Protection.
(1) Each generator shall be protected against dangerous overheating by one of the following means:
(A) A thermal protector integral with the generator.
(B) An external current sensing device.
(2) Overcurrent devices shall not be automatically reset if any hazard results.
(e) Combination Protection. Combination fault interruption and overload protection shall be permitted to be provided by the same device.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-445-10.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2885. Identification.
(a) General. Each motor, generator, and controller shall be provided with a prominently displayed permanent nameplate.
(b) Motors (A.C. or D.C.). Each motor nameplate shall include the following: manufacturer's name and identification numbers; horsepower (if horsepower rated); voltage, full-load current, phase, frequency, and speed; insulation class or temperature rise; if equipped with integral thermal protective device, it shall be so marked; if motor has a wound rotor, it shall show open circuit voltage and full-load current of the rotor winding; if motor is synchronous, it shall also show the input supply voltage and current required for excitation.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 430-7.)
(c) Generators (A.C. or D.C.). Each generator nameplate shall include the following: manufacturer's name and identification numbers; kilovolt amperes (or kilowatts and power factor); voltage, current, phase, frequency, and speed; insulation class or temperature rise.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 445-3.)
(d) Control Apparatus. The nameplate of each major piece of control apparatus shall include the following: manufacturer's name; type, class, or other suitable identification; current or horsepower rating; rated voltage and control voltage.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 430-8.)
(e) Terminals. Terminals of motors, generators, and control apparatus shall be suitably identified.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 430-9.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

(Formerly Article 78)

s 2887. General.
This article covers the installation of capacitors on electric circuits. Surge capacitors or capacitors included as a component part of other apparatus and conforming with the requirements of such apparatus are excluded from these requirements.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 460-1.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2888. Enclosing and Guarding.
(a) Capacitors containing more than 3 gallons of a flammable liquid shall be enclosed in vaults or outdoor fenced enclosures complying with Article 17.
(b) Capacitors shall be enclosed, located, or guarded so that persons cannot come into accidental contact or bring conducting materials into accidental contact with exposed energized parts, terminals, or buses associated with them.
Exception: No additional guarding is required for enclosures accessible only to authorized and qualified persons.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 460-2.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2889. Grounding.
Capacitor neutrals and cases, if grounded, shall be grounded in accordance with Article 6.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 460-27.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2890. Switching.
(a) Load Current. Single-pole individually operated or multi-pole group-operated switches used for capacitor switching shall be capable of (1) carrying continuously not less than 135 percent of the rated current of the capacitor installation;
(2) interrupting the maximum continuous load current of each capacitor, capacitor bank, or capacitor installation that will be switched as a unit; and
(3) withstanding the maximum inrush current, including contributions from adjacent capacitor installations.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 460-24 (a).)
(b) Isolation.
(1) A means shall be installed to isolate from all sources of potential each capacitor, capacitor bank, or capacitor installation that will be removed from service as a unit.
(2) The isolating means shall provide a visible gap in the electrical circuit adequate for the operating voltage.
(3) Isolating or disconnecting switches (with no interrupting rating) shall be mechanically interlocked with the load interrupting device or shall be provided with prominently displayed caution signs in accordance with Section 2835 (h) to prevent switching load current.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 460-24 (b).)

(c) Additional Requirements for Series Capacitors. The proper switching sequence shall be assured by use of one of the following:
(1) Mechanically sequenced isolating and bypass switches.
(2) Interlocks.
(3) Switching procedure prominently displayed at the switching location.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 460-24(c).)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2891. Overcurrent Protection.
(a) A means shall be provided to detect and interrupt fault current liable to cause dangerous pressure within an individual capacitor.
(b) Single-phase or multi-phase devices shall be permitted to be used for this purpose.
(c) Capacitors shall be permitted to be protected individually or in groups.
(d) Protective devices supplied integrally with a capacitor equipment shall be rated or adjusted in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer.
(e) Protective devices installed external to capacitor equipment shall be rated or adjusted to operate in accordance with the requirements of Section 5 of American National Standard ANSI/IEEE Std. 18-1980, IEEE Standard for Shunt Power Capacitors, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 460-25.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2892. Identification.
Each capacitor shall be provided with a permanent nameplate giving the maker's name, rated voltage, frequency, kvar or amperes, number of phases, and the amount of liquid in gallons identified as flammable, if such is the case.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 460-26.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2893. Means for Discharge.
(a) A means shall be provided to reduce the residual voltage of a capacitor to 50 volts or less within 5 minutes after the capacitor is disconnected from the source of supply.
(b) A discharge circuit shall be either permanently connected to the terminals of the capacitor or provided with automatic means of connecting it to the terminals of the capacitor bank after disconnection of the capacitor from the source of supply. The windings of motors, or transformers, or of other equipment directly connected to capacitors without a switch or overcurrent device interposed must meet the requirements of subsection (a) above.
(c) Capacitors shall not be worked on until after they have been short circuited and grounded. The internal discharge device provided in capacitors shall not be used as a substitute for externally short circuiting and grounding capacitors.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 460-28.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2894. Special Handling Precautions.
Care shall be exercised in handling and disposing of failed capacitors because of possible internal pressure and residual energy.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

(Formerly Article 79)

s 2896. General.
(a) Resistors and reactors shall not be installed in close enough proximity to combustible materials to constitute a fire hazard and in no case closer than within 1 foot of combustible materials.
(b) Clearances from resistors and reactors to grounded surfaces shall be adequate for the voltage involved. See Article 9.
(c) Metallic enclosures of reactors and adjacent metal parts shall be installed so that the temperature rise from induced circulating currents will not be hazardous to personnel or constitute a fire hazard.
(d) Resistors and reactors shall be protected against physical damage.
(e) Resistors and reactors shall be isolated by enclosure or elevation to protect personnel from accidental contact with energized parts.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 470-18.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18953(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2897. Grounding.
Resistor and reactor cases or enclosures shall be grounded in accordance with Article 6.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 470-19.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18953(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2898. Oil-Filled Reactors.
Installation of oil-filled reactors, in addition to the above requirements, shall comply with applicable requirements of Articles 17 and 27.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 470-20.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18953(c), Health and Safety Code.

(Formerly Article 80)

s 2900. Flammable Atmospheres.
Lightning arresters (e.g., expulsion arresters, valve arresters with external series gap, etc.) that produce or expel ionized gases to the atmosphere during normal operation shall not be used in flammable atmosphere locations. (See Article 34.)
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-280-6.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2901. Clearances.
All parts of the arrester shall be at least 10 feet above ground, unless enclosed in such a way as to prevent access to unauthorized persons. For line terminal clearances to ground, see Article 9.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-280-7.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2902. Connections.
Connections to lightning arresters shall be adequate to carry the discharge current, but shall not be smaller than No. 6 AWG copper or equivalent.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-280-23.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2903. Grounding.
The arrester ground terminal shall be effectively grounded.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-280-25.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2904. Identification.
Lightning arresters shall have a permanent and legible identification including the following information: name of the device; manufacturer's name and/or trademark; manufacturer's type and identification number; voltage rating of the arrester.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-280-5.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

(Formerly Article 81)

s 2906. General.
(a) Scope. The provisions of this article shall apply to installations and use of high-voltage power distribution and utilization equipment which is portable and/or mobile, such as substations and switch houses mounted on skids, trailers, or cars, mobile shovels, draglines, cranes, hoists, drills, dredges, compressors, pumps, conveyors, underground excavators, and the like.
(b) Other Orders. The requirements of this article shall be additional to, or amendatory of, those prescribed in Group 2 of these orders. Special attention shall be paid to Article 6.
(c) Protection. Adequate enclosures and/or guarding shall be provided to protect portable and mobile equipment from physical damage.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2907. Overcurrent Protection.
Motors driving single or multiple d.c. generators supplying a system operating on a cyclic load basis do not require running overcurrent pro tection, provided that the thermal rating of the a.c. drive motor cannot be exceeded under any operating condition. However, the branch circuit protective device(s), which may be external to the motor, must provide short circuit and locked rotor protection.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2908. Enclosures.
All energized switching and control parts shall be enclosed in effectively grounded metal cabinets or enclosures. These cabinets or enclosures shall be marked "DANGER -HIGH VOLTAGE" and shall be locked so that only authorized and qualified persons can enter. Circuit breakers and protective equipment shall have the operating means projecting through the metal cabinet or enclosure so these units can be reset without opening locked doors. With doors closed, reasonable safe access for normal operation of these units shall be provided.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2909. Collector Rings.
The collector ring assembly on revolving-type machines (shovels, draglines, etc.) shall be guarded to prevent accidental contact with energized parts by personnel on or off the machine.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2910. Power Cable Connections to Mobile Machines.
A metallic enclosure shall be provided on the mobile machine for enclosing the terminals of the power cable. The enclosure shall include provisions for a solid connection for the ground wire(s) terminal to effectively ground the machine frame. Ungrounded conductors shall be attached to insulators or terminated in approved high-voltage cable couplers (which include ground wire connectors) of proper voltage and ampere rating. The method of cable termination used shall prevent any strain or pull on the cable from stressing the electrical connections. The enclosure shall have provision for locking so only authorized and qualified persons may open, and shall be marked "DANGER - HIGH VOLTAGE."

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2911. High-Voltage Portable Cable for Main Power Supply.
Flexible high-voltage cable supplying power to portable or mobile equipment shall comply with Article 14.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2912. Grounding.
Mobile equipment shall be grounded in accordance with Section 2743.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

(Formerly Article 82)

s 2914. General.
(a) Scope. The provisions of this article shall apply to installation and use of high-voltage power distribution and utilization equipment which is portable and/or mobile, such as substations, trailers, or cars, mobile shovels, draglines, hoists, drills, dredges, compressors, pumps, conveyors, underground excavators, and the like.
(b) Other Orders. The requirements of this article shall be additional to, or amendatory of, those prescribed in Group 2 of these orders. Special attention shall be paid to Article 6.
(c) Protection Against Physical Damage. Conductors and cables in tunnels shall be located above the tunnel floor and so placed or guarded to protect them from physical damage.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2915. Overcurrent Protection.
Motor-operated equipment shall be protected from overcurrent in accordance with Section 2883. Transformers shall be protected from overcurrent in accordance with Section 2877.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2916. Conductors.
(a) High-voltage conductors in tunnels shall be installed in:
(1) metal conduit or other metal raceway,
(2) metal-armored or steel-taped cable, or
(3) other approved multi-conductor cable.
(b) Multi-conductor portable cable shall be permitted to be used to supply mobile equipment.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2917. Bonding and Equipment Grounding Conductor.
(a) All non-energized metal parts of electrical equipment and all metal raceways or cable sheaths shall be effectively grounded and bonded to all metal pipes and rails at the portal and at intervals not exceeding 1,000 feet throughout the tunnel.
(b) An equipment grounding conductor shall be run with circuit conductors inside the metal raceway or inside the multi-conductor cable jacket. The equipment grounding conductor shall be permitted to be insulated or bare.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2918. Transformers, Switches, and Electrical Equipment.
All transformers, switches, motor controllers, motors, rectifiers, and other equipment installed below ground shall be protected from physical damage by location or guarding.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2919. Energized Parts.
Bare terminals of transformers, switches, motor controllers, and other equipment shall be enclosed to prevent accidental contact with energized parts.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2920. Ventilation System Controls.
Electrical controls for the ventilation system shall be so arranged that the air flow can be reversed.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2921. Disconnecting Means.
A switch meeting the requirements of Article 20 or 21 shall be installed at each transformer or motor location for disconnecting the transformer or motor. The switch shall open all ungrounded conductors of a circuit simultaneously.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2922. Enclosures.
Enclosures for use in tunnels shall be drip-proof, weatherproof, or submersible as required by the environmental conditions. Switch or contactor enclosures shall not be used as junction boxes or raceways for conductors feeding through or tapping off to other switches, unless special designs are used to provide adequate space for this purpose.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2923. Grounding.
Mining and tunnel equipment, both above and below ground, shall be grounded in accordance with Section 2743.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

(Formerly Article 83)

s 2925. General.
(a) Other Regulations.
(1) The requirements of this article shall be deemed to be additional to, or amendatory of, those prescribed in Group 2, inclusive, of these regulations.
(2) All provisions of Articles 59 and 60 of the Low-Voltage Electrical Safety Orders shall apply to high-voltage installations in hazardous (classifieds) locations.
(b) Scope. The provisions of this article shall apply to locations (except where otherwise provided for by statute) in which the apparatus and wiring are subject to the conditions indicated by the classifications in Section 2540.1 of the Low-Voltage Electrical Safety Orders. Where the apparatus and wiring are installed in rooms or sections of the building in which the particular flammable atmospheres do not prevail, such wiring and apparatus shall be permitted to be of the type approved for such locations.
(c) Enclosed areas supplied with positive pressure ventilation from a source free of flammable atmospheres shall be permitted to be classed as nonhazardous areas for the purpose of this Article if the following provisions are met:
(1) Division 1 Locations. Wiring and apparatus within this area shall be so arranged to prevent energizing the wiring and apparatus until ventilation has been established, and arranged to de-energize automatically the wiring and apparatus when the ventilation fails; provided, however, that where the process is such that a hazard would result from de-energizing wiring and apparatus, ventilation shall be permitted to be assured in this area through a separate source of supply for the ventilating equipment. Suitable devices shall be provided to transfer automatically from the normal supply to the emergency system in case of failure or damage to the normal supply. Audible and visual signal devices shall be provided, where feasible, to give warning of derangement of emergency supply system.
(2) Division 2 Locations. Wiring and apparatus within this area shall meet the requirements for Division 1 or as a minimum shall be arranged to energize an audible, as well as a visual, alarm on loss of pressurization. Removal of power in the latter case is not mandatory on loss of enclosure pressure except remedial action must be undertaken immediately. The enclosure shall be purged by ten air changes before electrical equipment is energized.
(d) Locations where open flames are ordinarily used will not be considered as being exposed to flammable atmospheres under this article.
(e) Special care shall be exercised in the layout of electrical installation to locate as much of the equipment as practicable in areas free of flammable atmospheres.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-710-90.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2926. Class I Locations.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2927. Class II Locations.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2928. Class III Locations.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

(Formerly Article 84)

s 2930. Enclosure and Guarding.
(a) Equipment shall be of the enclosed type, or shall be installed in locked electrical rooms or enclosures. Parts of equipment requiring access for maintenance or operation shall be so located that they will be readily and safely accessible.
Exception: Equipment installed in accordance with Rule 54.7B of General Order 95 and Rule 34 of General Order 128 of the California Public Utilities Commission need not be enclosed.
(b) Suitable enclosures, fences, or partitions shall be provided to prevent accidental contact with exposed energized high-voltage parts.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 110-31.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2931. Entrance and Access to Workspace.
(a) At least one entrance not less than 24 inches wide and 6 1/2 feet high shall be provided to give access to the working space about electrical equipment. On switchboard and control panels exceeding 48 inches in width, there shall be one entrance at each end of such board where reasonably practicable. Where bare energized parts at any voltage, or insulated energized parts above 600 volts, are located adjacent to such entrance, they shall be suitably guarded.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 110-33(a).)
(b) Permanent or portable ladders, stairways, or other suitable means shall be provided to give safe access to the working space around electrical equipment installed on platforms, balconies, mezzanine floors, or in attic or roof rooms or spaces.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-110-33(b).)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2932. Workspace.
(a) The minimum depth of clear working space about electrical equipment, such as switchgear, motor controllers, etc., shall not be less than set forth in the following table unless otherwise specified in these orders. Clearances shall be measured from the energized parts if parts are exposed or from the enclosure front if parts are enclosed.

CONDITIONS
Voltage to Ground 1 2 3
601-2500 3 feet 4 feet 5 feet
2501-7500 4 feet 5 feet 6 feet
7501-25,000 5 feet 6 feet 9 feet
25,001-75kv 6 feet 8 feet 10 feet
Above 75kv 8 feet 10 feet 12 feet

Where the conditions are as follows:
(1) Exposed energized parts on one side and nonconducting surfaces on the opposite side of the workspace. Non-shielded insulated conductors shall be considered as exposed energized parts.
(2) Exposed energized parts on one side and grounded surfaces on the opposite side. Concrete, brick, plaster, or tile walls will be considered as grounded surfaces.
(3) Exposed energized parts on both sides of the workspace.

Exception: Workspace will not be required behind enclosed equipment, provided there are no renewable or adjustable parts; such as fuses, switches, etc., on the back, and provided all connections are accessible from other locations. If work is to be performed on de-energized parts on the back of enclosed equipment, a minimum workspace of 30 inches is required.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 110-34(a).)
(b) Suitable space shall be provided and maintained about electrical equipment to permit ready and safe operation and maintenance of such equipment. Where energized parts are exposed, the minimum clear workspace shall not be less than 6 1/2 feet high (measured vertically from the floor or platform), nor less than 3 feet wide (measured parallel to the equipment). In all cases, the workspace shall be adequate to permit at least a 90-degree opening of doors or hinged panels.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 110-32.)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2933. Illumination.
Adequate illumination shall be provided for all working spaces about electrical equipment. Light outlets shall be so arranged that persons changing lamps or making repairs on the lighting system will not be endangered by live parts or other equipment.
The points of control shall be so located that persons are not likely to come in contact with any live part or moving part of the equipment while turning on the lights.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 3-110-34(d).)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2934. Elevation of Unguarded Live Parts.
Exposed energized parts above workspace and above areas where persons may normally walk or stand shall be maintained at elevations not less than that required by the following table:

VOLTAGE BETWEEN
PHASES ELEVATION
601-7500 8 feet 6 inches

7501-35,000 9 feet
over 35kv 9 feet + 0.37 inch/kv
above 35kv

(Title 24, Part 3, Section 110-34(e).)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2935. Installation of Electrical Equipment in an Outdoor Enclosure.
If exposed energized parts of electrical equipment are installed in an outdoor enclosure, the enclosure shall meet the requirements of Section 2812.
(Title 24, Part 3, Section 110-31(b).)

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(c), Health and Safety Code.

s 2936. Passageway and Open Spaces.
Suitable barriers or other means shall be provided to ensure that the work-space for electrical equipment will not be used as a passageway during periods when energized parts of electrical equipment are exposed.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

(Formerly Article 85)

s 2940. General Provisions.
(a) Safe Access. All work locations shall be safely accessible whenever work is to be performed.
(b) Employer's Responsibility. The employer shall furnish such safety devices and safeguards as may be necessary to make the employment or place of employment as free from danger to the safety and health of employees as the nature of the employment reasonably permits. The employer shall examine or test each safety device at such intervals as may be reasonably necessary to ensure that it is in good condition and adequate to perform the function for which it is intended. Any device furnished by the employer found to be unsafe shall be repaired or replaced.
Employees shall be instructed to inspect each safety device, tool or piece of equipment, each time it is used and to use only those in good condition. The employer shall require the use of safety devices and safeguards where applicable.
(c) Qualified Electrical Workers. Only qualified electrical workers shall work on energized conductors or equipment connected to energized high-voltage systems. Except for replacing fuses, operating switches, or other operations that do not require the employee to contact energized high-voltage conductors or energized parts of equipment, clearing "trouble" or in emergencies involving hazard to life or property, no such employee shall be assigned to work alone. Employees in training, who are qualified by experience and training, shall be permitted to work on energized conductors or equipment connected to high-voltage systems while under the supervision or instruction of a qualified electrical worker.
(d) Observers. During the time work is being done on any exposed conductors or exposed parts of equipment connected to high-voltage systems, a qualified electrical worker, or an employee in training, shall be in close proximity at each work location to:
(1) act primarily as an observer for the purpose of preventing an accident, and
(2) render immediate assistance in the event of an accident. Such observer will not be required in connection with work on overhead trolley distribution circuits not exceeding 1,500 volts D.C. where there is no conductor of opposite polarity less than 4 feet there from, or where such work is performed from suitable tower platforms or other similar structures.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2940.1. Voltage Determination.
(a) Operating voltage of equipment or conductors shall be determined before working on or near energized parts.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2940.2. Clearances.
(a) No employee shall be permitted to approach or take any conductive object without an approved insulating handle closer to exposed energized parts than shown in Table 2940.2 unless:
(1) The employee is insulated or guarded from the energized part (gloves or gloves with sleeves rated for the voltage involved shall be considered insulation of the employee from the energized part), or

(2) The energized part is insulated or guarded from the employee and any other conductive object at a different potential.
(b) When performing work with live line tools, minimum clear distances in Table 2940.2 shall be maintained. Conductor support tools, such as link sticks, strain carriers, and insulator cradles, shall be permitted to be used provided that the clear insulation is at least as long as the insulator string or the minimum distance specified in Table 2940.2 for the operating voltage.

TABLE 2940.2-1
ALTERNATING CURRENT -MINIMUM
APPROACH DISTANCE
Nominal Voltage Range
(Phase to Phase) Minimum Approach Distance
Kilovolt Phase to Ground Exposure
Above 0.6 to 15...... 2 ft. 1 in.
Above 15 to 36...... 2 ft. 4 in.
Above 36 to 46...... 2 ft. 7 in.
Above 46 to 72.5.... 3 ft. 0 in.

Above 72.5 to 121..... 3 ft. 4 in.
Above 121 to 145..... 3 ft. 7 in.
Above 145 to 169..... 4 ft. 0 in.
Above 169 to 242..... 5 ft. 3 in.
Above 242 to 362..... 8 ft. 6 in.
Above 362 to 552..... 11 ft. 3 in.
Above 552 to 765..... 15 ft. 0 in.

Note: Above 242 KV the minimum working distance and the minimum approach distance shall be permitted to be reduced provided that such distances are not less than the shortest distance between the energized part and a grounded surface.

TABLE 2940.2-2
DC LIVE-LINE WORK MINIMUM
APPROACH DISTANCE
WITH OVERVOLTAGE FACTOR
Distance in feet-inches
Maximum anticipated Maximum line-to-ground

per-unit transient voltage in kilovolts
overvoltage 250 400 500 600 750
----- ----- ---- ---- -----
1.5 orlower........ 3-8 5-3 6-9 8-7 11-10
1.6................ 3-10 5-7 7-4 9-5 13-1
1.7................ 4-1 6-0 7-11 10-3 14-4
1.8................ 4-3 6-5 8-7 11-2 15-9

NOTE 1: The distancesspecified in this table may be applied only where the maximum anticipated per-unit transient overvoltage has been determined by engineering analysis and has been supplied by the employer. However, if the transient overvoltage factor is not known, a factor of 1.8 shall be assumed.
NOTE 2: The distances specified in this table are the air, bare-hand, and live-line tool distances.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2940.3. Inclement Weather.
Work on or from structures shall be discontinued when adverse weather, such as high winds, ice on structures, or the progress of an electrical storm in the immediate vicinity, makes the work hazardous, except during emergency restoration procedures.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2940.4. Illumination.
Illumination shall be provided as needed to perform the work safely.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2940.5. Work over or near Water.
When work is performed over or near water and when danger of drowning exists, suitable protection shall be provided.

Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.

s 2940.6. Tools and Protective Equipment.
(a) Insulating Equipment
(1) Insulating equipment designed for the voltage levels to be encountered shall be provided and the employer shall ensure that they are used by employees as required by this section. This equipment shall meet the electrical and physical requirements contained in the standards shown in Appendix C.

(2) Whenever rubber gloves are used, they shall be protected by outer canvas or leather gloves. This equipment shall meet the electrical physical requirements contained in the standards shown in Appendix C.
(3) Insulating equipment fabricated of material other than rubber shall provide electrical and mechanical protection at least equal to that of rubber equipment.
(4) The employer is responsible for the periodic visual and electrical re-testing of all insulating gloves, sleeves and blankets. The following maximum re-testing intervals in accordance with the listed ASTM standards, which are hereby incorporated by reference, shall apply:

GLOVES, SLEEVES, BLANKETS, AND OTHER INSULATING EQUIPMENT
(In-service care)
ASTM STANDARD MONTHS
Standard Specification for In-Service Care of Insulating 6
Gloves and Sleeves, ASTM F 496-97
Standard Specification for In-Service Care of Insulating 12
Blankets, ASTM F 479-95

Standard Specification for In-Service Care of Insulating (When found to be
Line Hose and Covers, ASTM F 478-92 damaged or
defective)

(5) Gloves, sleeves and blankets shall be marked to indicate compliance with the re-test schedule and shall be marked with either the date tested, or the date the next test is due.
(6) When not being used, insulating gloves and sleeves shall be stored in glove bags or suitable containers. Insulating blankets shall be stored in a canister or other means that offers equivalent protection.
(7) Insulating equipment shall be stored away from direct sunlight, steampipes, radiators and other sources of excessive heat and shall be protected from physical damage. Gloves, sleeves and blankets shall not be folded while in storage; however, blankets shall be permitted to be rolled for storage.
(8) Insulating equipment shall be visually inspected for defects and damage, and shall be cleaned prior to use each day.

(9) Rubber gloves shall be air and water tested at the beginning of each work period and at any other time when the glove's condition is in doubt. The gloves shall:
(A) Be visually examined over their entire inner and outer surface for any defects, i.e., burns, cuts, cracks, punctures and weak spots; and
(B) Have the cuff stretched to detect abrasions and weak spots.
(10) Insulating equipment found to be defective or damaged shall be immediately removed from service.
(b) Fall Protection. When work is performed at elevated locations more than 4 feet (1.2 meters) above the ground on poles, towers or similar structures, the employer shall require the employees to use either fall arrest equipment, work positioning equipment, or travel restricting equipment, if other fall protection methods have not been provided (e.g., guardrails, safety nets, etc.). The use of body belts for fall arrest systems is prohibited.
Exception: Point to point travel by a qualified person, n, unless conditions such as ice, high winds, design of the structure, or other condition (e.g., chemical contaminants) prevents the employee from gaining a firm hand or foothold while traveling. (continued)