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(e) Sampling and Gaging.
(1) Employees shall be instructed in the proper procedures for sampling or gaging. These instructions shall include the use of personal protective equipment to be furnished by the employer and worn by the employee. (See General Industry Safety Orders Section 5144 and Article 10.)
(2) Sampling stations shall be designed, installed and maintained to prevent exposure to employees to harmful substances. Warning signs or legends shall be conspicuously posted where the substance being sampled or gaged is corrosive.
(3) Provisions shall be made to promptly dispose of spills, overflows, and leakage at the sampling or gaging station.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6823. Leaded Gasoline Stationary Tanks.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6828. Drainage.
(a) Means shall be provided and used to promptly and safely dispose of oils, oil-water mixtures, liquid corrosives, or toxic liquids resulting from leaks, spills, maintenance activities or operations where the presence or accumulation of such liquids endanger employees.
(b) Provisions shall be made to prevent surface openings or manholes of underground drainage or sewer systems from liberating flammable gases or vapors where such liberated gases or vapors may reach a source of ignition.
(c) The outlets of blow-downs shall be located so as not to endanger employees.
(d) Where equivalent protection is not provided by process piping, means shall be provided for draining vessels in refining units in flammable liquid service. Drains shall discharge to a safe place.
(e) Drainage sumps, pits and ponds for collecting oil or oil and water mixtures shall be in a safe location away from probable sources of ignition and where the exposure of employees to the danger of fire is held to a minimum.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6833. Agitation and Heating of Liquids in Tanks.
Tanks in which corrosive or combustible liquids at temperatures above 140 degrees F. are agitated or heated by steam, applied directly or indirectly; or in which such liquids are agitated by means of air under pressure, shall have the steam and air control equipment located where employees operating such equipment will not be exposed to the hazards of splashes or overflows. Where not possible to so locate the control equipment, equivalent protection shall be provided by means of a shelter with a safe means of access.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6838. Process Equipment - Maintenance.
(a) Scaffolding, staging or rigging shall not prevent safe access to the parts of a processing unit nor hamper the operation of, controls in case of an emergency, and shall be promptly removed when no longer needed.
(b) When wood or other combustible scaffolding, staging or rigging is erected near hot equipment, it shall be so spaced or insulated from such equipment that it will not ignite nor char by contact or by radiated heat.
(c) Vessel manhole covers which are installed vertically and which are not provided with hinges, davits or other means of support, shall be fitted with handles or other suitable means for connecting lifting devices when the absence of such devices constitutes a hazard.
(d) Where employees are required to enter a vessel through a manhole on the side or end of the vessel, and where the bottom of such manhole is over three feet six inches (3 ' 6 ") above the ground or floor level, a temporary or a permanent platform shall be provided. Such platform shall be located not more than three feet six inches (3 ' 6 ") below the bottom of the manhole through which entry is to be made.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6839. Condenser and Cooling Boxes.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6844. Pumps.
(a) Drainage shall be provided to prevent the accumulation of oils around pump bases.
(b) When the service experience of a pump indicates that the stuffing box is inadequate to prevent the possibility of liquid spray creating a hazard to employees, and such pump handles a flammable liquid, a corrosive, or a liquid at a temperature over 200 [FN0] F., shields, covers, or equivalent protection shall be provided.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6845. Piping, Fittings, and Valves.
(a) The design, fabrication, and assembly of piping systems installed prior to July 26, 2006, shall comply with General Industry Safety Orders and ASME B31.3- 1990, Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping herein incorporated by reference. The design, fabrication, and assembly of piping systems installed on or after July 26, 2006, and the testing, inspection, and repair of all piping systems shall comply with Article 146 of the General Industry Safety Orders; API 570, Piping Inspection Code, Second Edition, October 1998, Addendum 3, August 2003; and ASME B31.3-2002, Process Piping; herein incorporated by reference.
(1) Excluded and optional piping systems specified in Section 1.2.2 of API 570- 2003, are subject to inspection and testing by the employer in accordance with good engineering practices.
(b) Safe access shall be provided to all valves, or their remote controls, whenever it is necessary to operate them.
(c) Valves or their remote controls shall be provided with means of ready and safe access when required by the frequency of operation or the necessity of emergency operation. The valves included in this classification are:
(1) Valves manually operated as often as once a shift.
(2) Valves on fuel lines to a plant, unit, or internal combustion engine.
(3) Valves on lines, the emergency operation of which may be necessary for the safety of employees.
(d) Manually operated valves required for the emergency shutdown of units shall be maintained in good operating condition and provided with ready and safe access. Such valves shall plainly indicate whether they are open or closed.
(e) Quarter turn valves shall be provided with a means to indicate whether the valve is in the open or closed position.
(f) If a permanently attached handle is used on a quarter turn valve, it shall be installed or placed on the valve in such a position that the handle is at right angles to the line when in the closed position, and parallel with the line when in the open position. If compliance with the provisions of this subsection obstructs a passageway or walkway, the handle may be bent so as to provide clearance.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6846. Valves.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6851. Leakage and Spill Control.
(a) Leaks or spills from pipe lines, piping, tanks, or other equipment shall, where possible, be promptly stopped. Reasonable efforts shall be made by inspection and maintenance to prevent the occurrence of such leaks or spills.
(b) Tanks receiving transfers of Class I liquids from main line pipe lines or marine vessels shall be either:
(1) Gauged at frequent intervals while receiving transfer of product and communications maintained with main line pipe line or marine personnel so that flow can be promptly shut down or diverted, or
(2) Equipped with a high level alarm located where personnel are on duty during the transfer and can promptly arrange for flow stoppage or diversion.
(c) In the event the flow cannot be stopped or diverted as in Section 6851(b), affected employees in the hazardous area shall be immediately notified and evacuated as necessary.
(d) Temperatures of flammable or combustible liquids or gases in processing units shall be monitored, controlled, and alarms provided where employees could be exposed to hazards resulting from exceeding safe operating conditions.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6852. Tubular Gage Glasses.
(a) Tubular gage glasses shall not be used for pressures in excess of 15 psig when containing:
(1) Harmful concentrations of hazardous substances.
(2) Liquids at temperatures above one hundred forty degrees Fahrenheit (140 5 F.) which remains in a liquid state when released to the atmosphere.
(3) Fluids heated to or above their autoignition temperatures.
(b) Tubular gage glasses that are operated at pressures in excess of 15 psig shall be guarded against accidental impact when located within seven feet (7 ') above or three feet (3 ') laterally from a working level or passageway.
(c) Tubular gage glasses which contain hazardous substances, or those which are operated in excess of 15 psig, shall be provided with valves that can be readily closed in case of glass breakage.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6857. Pressure Vessels and Boilers.
(a) All unfired pressure vessels, boilers, and fired pressure vessels shall meet all applicable requirements of the Unfired Pressure Vessel Safety Orders and the Boiler and Fired Pressure Vessel Safety Orders unless the design, material and construction of the pressure vessel or boiler is accepted by the Division as equivalent to the ASME Code.
(b) Maximum allowable working pressure.
(1) The employer shall establish, or cause to be established, the maximum allowable working pressure of each boiler or pressure vessel in accordance with the rules of recognized pressure vessel codes applicable to the pressure vessel service involved.
(2) No pressure vessel shall be operated above its maximum allowable working pressure at coincident design temperature(s).
(3) The maximum allowable working pressure for each vessel shall be evaluated at intervals sufficiently frequent to give due consideration to corrosion and other factors causing deterioration. The original code of construction shall be used to establish the allowable stresses and joint efficiencies when re-rating, de-rating or calculating the pressure boundary minimum thickness of a vessel.
(c) Maintenance, inspection, and repair procedures.
(1) Maintenance, inspection, and repair procedures of unfired pressure vessels shall comply with API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code, Eighth Edition, June 1997, Addendum 4, August 2003; API 580, Risk-based Inspection, Recommended Practice, First Edition, May 2002; API 579, Fitness-for-Service, Recommended Practice, First Edition, January 2000; or the National Board Inspection Code/American National Standard ANSI/NB-23, 2004 Edition; which are hereby incorporated by reference.
(2) A written risk-based inspection program, as described in API 510-2003 and API 580-2002, may be used to increase the internal or on-stream inspection limits required by API 510-2003 Section 6.4 to a maximum of 15 years, or the external inspection interval described by API 510-2003, Section 6.3 to a maximum of 10 years, provided it is reviewed and accepted by the Division before the program is implemented, and every three years thereafter. Any revisions made to the accepted risk-based inspection program must also be submitted, reviewed, and accepted by the Division prior to implementation of these revisions.
(A) The risk-based inspection program shall not apply to pressure vessels and boilers that require "Permits to Operate" issued by the Division.
(B) The plan shall not apply to safety relief devices.
(C) The program shall indicate:
1. Acceptance by signature of plant management.
2. Involvement of plant operating, engineering, inspection, and maintenance personnel by signature.
3. The type of vessels covered.
4. The methodology used to create the program.
5. A listing of the vessels covered by the program, with a clear indication of those vessels that have an inspection interval beyond the 10-year or half remaining life as required by API 510-2003 Section 6.4.
(3) A written fitness-for-service program, as described in API 510-2003 and API 579-2000, may be used to evaluate pressure vessels for continued service when found to have degradation that could affect their load carrying capability, provided it is reviewed and accepted by the Division before the program is implemented, and every three years thereafter. Any revisions made to the accepted fitness-for-service program must also be submitted, reviewed, and accepted by the Division prior to implementation of these revisions.
(A) The program shall indicate:
1. Acceptance by signature of plant management.
2. The type of vessels covered.
3. How fitness-for-service results are documented. As a minimum, this documentation shall include acceptance of the fitness-for-service evaluation by signature of a technically competent company employee that is designated to review and accept the evaluation.
4. Involvement of plant operating, engineering, inspection, and maintenance personnel by signature.
5. The procedures in place for notifying the Division within the next business day of initiating a level 2 or 3 fitness-for-service evaluation as described in API 579-2000. Level 2 and 3 evaluations are subject to the acceptance of the Division. If the review is subsequent to returning the vessel to service, the Division may, in its reasonable discretion, require the unit be removed from service.
(4) Repair and alterations.
(A) Repair and alteration of boilers and pressure vessels shall meet all applicable requirements of the Unfired Pressure Vessel Safety Orders and the Boiler and Fired Pressure Vessel Safety Orders.
(B) Repairs and alterations of pressure vessels performed in a state other than California shall be done by a company with a valid National Board 'R' stamp and inspected by an inspector holding a valid National Board Commission and Certificate of Competency (or equivalent) for the state in which the work is being performed. The repair or alteration shall conform to all the requirements of this section and be stamped in accordance with ANSI/NB-23-2004.
(C) Repairs.
1. Repairs shall be performed by one of the following:
a. An organization in possession of a valid ASME Certificate of Authorization;
b. An organization in possession of a valid National Board Certificate of Authorization;
2. The API 510-2003 Code shall not be used for the repair of boilers and pressure vessels as follows:
a. Boilers and fired pressure vessels as defined in the Boiler and Fired Pressure Vessel Safety Orders;
b. Vessels as defined in the Unfired Pressure Vessel Safety Orders, Section 460;
c. Vessels used in compressed air, LPG, CNG, LNG, and NH3 services as defined in the Unfired Pressure Vessel Safety Orders.
3. The employer making the repair in accordance with API 510-2003 or ANSI/NB-23, 2004 shall provide for inspection, documentation and certification of the work and shall ensure prior authorization for the repair by a Qualified Inspector as defined in the Unfired Pressure Vessel Safety Orders.
4. Inspection and certification of repairs shall be made by an inspector, regularly employed by one of the following:
a. The Division;
b. A City or County;
c. The Authorized Inspection Agency of the organization making the repair;
d. The Authorized Inspection Agency which insures the boiler or pressure vessel; or
e. The owner/user inspection Agency.
5. Fillet weld patches shall not be permitted unless acceptable to the Division. Acceptance by the Division will be based on the materials, design and construction providing safety equivalent to the original code of construction.
(D) Alterations.
1. Alterations to pressure vessels shall be performed in compliance with ANSI/NB-23-2004, unless the material design and construction are accepted by the Division as equivalent to the ASME Code.
2. No alteration to a pressure vessel shall be made until authorized by a Qualified Inspector as defined in the Unfired Pressure Vessel Safety Orders.
3. Alterations shall be performed by one of the following:
a. An organization in possession of a valid ASME Certificate of Authorization, provided that the alteration is within the scope of such authorization, and provided that the organization's alteration program has been reviewed and accepted by the Division.
b. An organization in possession of a valid Certificate of Authorization issued by the National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors to use the National Board "R" symbol stamp provided that the alteration is within the scope of such authorization, and provided that the organization's alteration program has been reviewed and accepted by the Division.
4. For alterations performed at a field site, the scope of such authorization shall include field fabrication.
5. The employer making the alteration shall provide for inspection, documentation, and certification of the work and shall ensure prior authorization of the alteration by a Qualified Inspector holding a valid Certificate of Competency issued by the Division.
6. Inspection and certification of alterations shall be made by a Qualified Inspector, employed by one of the following:
a. The Division;
b. A City or County;
c. The Authorized Inspection Agency of the organization making the alteration;
d. The Authorized Inspection Agency which insures the boiler or pressure vessel; or
e. The owner/user inspection agency, provided the work was not performed by the Qualified Inspector's employer.
7. A pressure test shall be applied after an alteration as required by the applicable ASME Code section. An alternative test or examination may be used subject to prior acceptance by the Division.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6858. Pressure-Relieving Devices.
(a) All pressure vessels shall be protected by a pressure relief device. Such relief devices shall be set to prevent the pressure in the vessel from exceeding limits established by the ASME Code or, where permitted, the Unfired Pressure Vessel Safety Orders. Pressure vessels that are connected together in a system with piping not containing valves that can isolate any pressure vessel while connected to its source or pressure may be considered as one unit.
(b) A vessel having a stop valve that can isolate the vessel from its pressure-relieving device, as permitted in subsection (c), shall be protected by an additional safety device, if the vessel may become entirely filled with liquid, and if it is possible that pressure may be generated by continued input of heat through exchanger tubes or similar devices or by exposure to sun or adjacent hot equipment. This additional safety device shall be connected to the vessel at all times except as permitted in subsection (c)(3). The additional safety device may be set at a pressure not greater than one and one-quarter times the maximum allowable working pressure.
(c) Stop Valves Between Pressure-Relieving Device and Vessel.
(1) A vessel in which pressure can be generated because of service conditions shall have no stop valve between the vessel and its pressure-relieving device except for inspection or repair purposes, as permitted in subsection (c)(3), or except in cases where multiple pressure-relieving devices are provided and the stop valves are so constructed that they can not be operated so as to reduce the pressure-relieving capacity below that required.
(2) A vessel in which the pressure originates from an outside source exclusively may have its pressure-relieving device on the vessel or at any point on the system between the vessel and its source of pressure, provided that the pressure-relieving device is set to function at not over the maximum allowable working pressure of the vessel. Under these conditions there may be a stop valve between the vessel and the pressure-relieving device which need not be locked open if the stop valve also closes the vessel from its source of pressure. Any stop valve between the pressure-relieving device and the vessel which does not close the vessel from its source of pressure shall meet the requirements given in subsection (c)(1) above.
(3) Stop valves may be installed between a pressure relief device and the operating vessel for the purposes of inspection, repair and/or replacement of the pressure relief device. Where stop valves are installed, the employer shall develop, implement, and maintain a written plan containing all of the following:
(A) Procedures to ensure that stop valves are open and locked or sealed during normal operations and are not to be closed except by a qualified person(s).
NOTE: In the case of multiple relief device installations having spare capacity or spare relief valves, the stop valve can be closed on the inactive relief valves providing sufficient system relief capacity is maintained.
(B) Procedures to minimize the frequency of closing stop valves while the vessel is in service. Stop valves shall remain open and locked or sealed until a replacement pressure relief device is available for installation.
Exception: Stop valves may be closed for emergencies such as pressure relief device failure.
(C) Procedures to ensure that a replacement pressure relieving device or needed replacement parts are readily available prior to closing the stop valve and removing the pressure relief device. An index for the location of all stop valves subject to this section shall be maintained.
(D) Before the removal of a pressure relief device from operating equipment, facility management shall review and approve a written operations plan for closing the stop valves. The plan shall incorporate, at a minimum, the following elements:
1. An engineering review to ensure that no increase in the capacity, pressure, severity, and/or operating condition of the unit or vessel will affect the safety of employees or equipment while the pressure relief device is out of service;
2. Provisions for written notification and operational procedures to unit controllers, operators and other affected personnel, including the safeguards and estimated time the valve will be out of service;
3. Identification of the functional position(s) or employees having knowledge of the operating equipment and pressure-relieving device(s) authorized to approve closing a stop valve; and,
4. Identification of the qualified person(s) or functional position(s) authorized to actually close and then reopen a stop valve.
(E) A written overpressure relief plan for each safety relief device shall be developed prior to closing the stop valve. The plan shall include:
1. The means by which overpressure-relief protection will be provided during the time that the pressure relief device is out of service;
2. The procedures to be followed to minimize the time that the stop valve will be closed;
3. The operating conditions, limitations, and other safety measures which are required to be observed to protect employees and equipment; and,
4. In the event that the plan requires a standby person to manually operate a vent to the atmosphere, a replacement safety relief valve shall be available for installation prior to closing the valve. Employees shall be protected from hazards as identified by Article 10 of the General Industry Safety Orders.
(F) The written overpressure-relief plan shall be made available to the Division upon request during the course of the work operation to which it applies.
(4) Valves as permitted above shall not be gate valves installed with the stems pointing above the horizontal plane of the valve body or globe valves installed so that the disk will open against pressure. This limitation need not apply to stop valves closing the vessel from its source of pressure. Other provisions acceptable to the Division may be used to assure that the valve is in the open position.
(d) Capacity of Pressure-Relieving Devices.
(1) The aggregate capacity of the pressure relief devices applied to any pressure vessel or system shall be sufficient to carry off the maximum quantity of material that can be generated in, or supplied to, the attached equipment without permitting a rise in pressure within the vessel above the limits permitted by the ASME Code.
(2) Pressure relief devices designed to relieve hydrostatic pressure caused by heat as outlined under subsection (b) shall have sufficient relieving capacity to prevent a hydrostatic pressure within the vessel in excess of 1.33 times the maximum allowable working pressure.
(e) Discharge lines from pressure relief devices shall be secured against movement. The lines shall be designed to facilitate drainage or shall be fitted with drains to prevent liquid entrapment in the discharge side of the relief device. The lines shall discharge at a location or in a manner to prevent injury to employees. The size of the discharge lines shall be such that any pressure that may exist or develop will not reduce the relieving capacity of the relief device below that required to properly protect the vessel. No valve shall be placed in a discharge line from a pressure relief device except when such discharge line discharges to a common header, in which case such valve shall be installed in compliance with subsection (c)(4) and locked or sealed open. Such valves may be closed only as allowed by subsection (c)(3).
(f) The employer shall maintain each pressure relief device installed on operating equipment so as to ensure the proper functioning of the device at the intended pressure. Such maintenance shall include inspection, testing, and the repair of the pressure relief device at frequencies as required by the service conditions.
(g) Pressure relief valve settings shall be changed only by authorized employees assigned such duties.
(h) A permanent and progressive record for each pressure vessel shall be maintained at the plant or the field office where the vessel is located. The record shall be available for inspection by the Division and shall include the following:
(1) The serial or identification number of the vessel.
(2) The established maximum allowable working pressure of the vessel.
(3) The coincident design temperature(s),
(4) Manufacturer's data reports, when obtainable, and any calculations used in establishing the maximum allowable working pressure.
(5) Such documents as necessary to record the results of tests, inspections, repairs, or alterations. Information on maintenance activities and events affecting the pressure vessel's integrity shall be included.
(i) Each pressure relief device in service shall have a serial or identification number stamped upon it and, in addition, a metal plate or tag shall be attached showing the pressure setting and the date the device was installed in service. A permanent and progressive record showing the serial or identification number, the location, the pressure setting, the date of installation in service, and the date of testing shall be maintained at the plant or field office where the pressure relieving device is located or at the supervising office.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6862. Identification of Equipment.
Identification of vessels, tanks or pipelines containing hazardous substances shall comply with General Industry Safety Orders, Sections 5194 and 3321 respectively.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6867. High-Pressure Hydrocarbons.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6872. Gas Compressor or Gas Processing Plant Protection.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6873. Gas Compressors.
(a) Where a compressor can exceed the maximum allowable working pressure of the system, a pressure relief device shall be provided. If valves are installed under the pressure relief device for maintenance or inspection, alternate means of providing protection to the system shall be employed when the valve is in the closed position.
(b) Where liquid may be present in the incoming gas to compressors, a means shall be provided and a device installed to give either audible warning or shut down the compressors in case the liquid exceeds a predetermined level.
(c) Gas lines which enter plants and which are connected to compressor intakes shall be provided with shut-off valves installed in a safe location, and shall be so identified.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6874. Stationary Internal Combustion Engines.
(a) Air and gas compressor engines of over 30 horsepower shall be provided with means other than manual for starting, provided, however, that manual starting may be used in emergencies.
(b) In addition to the throttle valve, other means shall be provided by the use of one or more valves, blinding, or other provisions giving equivalent safety, to prevent fuel gas entering cylinders and actuating moving parts while maintenance work is being performed upon an internal combustion engine, when such work would expose the employee to possible injury.
(c) The main fuel gas line to the gas compressor engines, and other internal combustion engines located in gas compressor buildings, shall be equipped with a suitable master shut-off valve located outside the building and shall be so identified.
(d) There shall be a check valve provided on the engine or in the air-starting line adjacent to each internal combustion engine cylinder using compressed air as a means of starting.
(e) The compressed air supply for starting an engine shall be prevented from so functioning while maintenance work is being performed which may endanger employees. This shall be accomplished by one of the following means:
(1) Disconnect and disalign the starting air line.
(2) Double-block and bleed the starting air line.
(3) Other means which give equally effective protection to employees.
(f) An effective overspeed device shall be installed and maintained in an operative condition on internal combustion engines driving gas compressors.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6879. Loading Platforms.
(a) Safe access shall be provided to the top of tank cars, trucks and trailers, if employees must go to such locations during loading operations.
(b) Where fixed platforms are provided for access, they shall be at least three feet (3') wide. It is permissible to install openings or equipment in the platform if an unobstructed passageway at least sixteen inches (16") wide and six feet six inches (6"') high is maintained along the length of the platform.
(c) There shall be at least one stairway or ramp from the platform to the ground. If the loading platform is more than twenty-five feet (25') long, there shall be at least one stairway or ramp no farther than ten feet (10') from each end of the platform.
(d) Access from the fixed platform to the loading position on tank cars, tank trucks or trailers shall be by any one of the following methods:
(1) By a gangplank hinged or otherwise suitably fastened to the platform.
(A) When not in use, gangplanks shall be latched or otherwise securely held in a raised position, except where they may be safely left in a lowered position.
(B) Gangplanks shall be provided at least six feet six inches (6 ' 6 ") vertical clearance and shall be at least twenty-four inches (24 ") wide, and shall be provided with standard railings or other safeguards that will adequately protect employees from falling.
Exception: Toeboards are not required on gangplanks.
(2) By stepping directly from the fixed loading platform to the side catwalk or top of the tank truck or trailer, if the vertical distance stepped is no more than fifteen inches (15 "), and if the combined vertical and horizontal distance stepped is no more than twenty inches (20 ").
(A) Loading from side catwalks less than six inches (6 ") wide is prohibited.
(B) Loading from the side of a truck or trailer is prohibited, unless safe access or fall protection is provided.
(C) Unobstructed passageway shall be provided from the fixed loading platform to the side catwalk used for loading. This passageway shall be at least sixteen inches (16 ") wide and six feet six inches (6 ' 6 ") high.
(3) By other means affording equivalent protection.
Exceptions:
(1) Locations where trucks and trailers are loaded through bottom connections.
(2) Locations where trucks or trailers are loaded during emergencies.
(e) When it is necessary for employees to go on the top of tank trucks or trailers during loading operations a vertical clearance of at least six feet six inches (6 ' 6 ") shall be provided between the top of the tank truck or trailers and fixed members or fixed parts of the loading rack; provided, however, that this does not apply to movable loading spouts or arms.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6880. Loading and Unloading Operations.
(a) During the loading or unloading of flammable liquids into or from truck or trailer tanks, no repairs, adjustments, or other operations shall be performed upon a truck, truck engine, trailer, truck tank, or trailer tank.
(b) During the loading or unloading of a tank truck or trailer, the truck engine shall be stopped and the cab shall be unoccupied unless the cargo is moved by means of the truck engine, or an auxiliary engine, with controls located in the cab, in which case the cab may be occupied by the truck operator.
(c) When a tank truck engine or an auxiliary internal combustion engine is being used to furnish power to transfer a flammable liquid, the vapors that may be liberated by such transfer shall be prevented from reaching the truck or auxiliary engine. If necessary, the vapors shall be discharged to a safe location.
(d) During the loading or unloading of a tank truck or trailer a qualified person shall be in control of the operation.
(e) In loading or unloading tank cars, tank trucks and trailers, provision shall be made for the safe disposal of the liquids released by overflow and/or from hoses, spouts or lines.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6881. High-Vapor Pressure Hydrocarbons.
(a) High vapor pressure hydrocarbons shall not be loaded or unloaded into or from tank cars or trucks where flammable vapors may reach a source of ignition.
(b) Each loading facility shall be provided with hose approved for such loading. Unless hose of the all metal type is used, the loading line and hose shall be so equipped and connected that if the hose should break the liquid stream will be shut off without excessive liberation of liquid and vapors. This may be accomplished by the operation of automatic shut-off valves; a shut-off valve operated by remote manual control; or other equally effective means.
(c) The loading line and hose between the loading valve and tank car or truck tank valve shall be fitted with a bleeder line to release the contents to a safe place after loading is completed.
(d) Each loading facility shall be provided with a vapor return hose or other connections for returning vapors from tank cars, tank trucks or trailers being filled. The vapor hose or other connections shall be so equipped and connected that vapors from a return vapor line will not be liberated in excessive quantities should the hose break. Vapors not returned through a return vapor line shall be released to a safe place.
(e) Positive displacement type pumps used for the transfer of high vapor pressure hydrocarbons shall have a pressure-relief device.
(f) The unloading line shall have a check valve installed adjacent to the discharge end of the unloading hose or pipe to prevent return flow of liquid or vapor in case of hose breakage.
(g) A vent or drain connection shall be installed for the purpose of bleeding off liquid or vapor from the hose after unloading. The vent or drain shall discharge to a safe place.
(h) Piping, valves and regulators at high vapor pressure hydrocarbon truck loading facilities shall be protected from damage by moving vehicles.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6886. Laboratories and Pilot Plants.
(a) Fired experimental equipment, fired pilot plant units, and unfired equipment which is a part of, and adjacent to, such experimental or pilot plant units, shall be located in an open area or enclosure isolated from unrelated gas or flammable liquid processing equipment. This shall not preclude the temporary use of operating equipment for experimental or pilot plant purposes when protection equivalent to isolation is provided. "Experimental equipment," for the purpose of this subsection, shall not include equipment used in routine testing or analysis.
(b) Safe access shall be provided to elevated parts of equipment where employees are required to perform work.
(c) Containers of samples, stocks, or cuts of flammable liquids required for current activities shall be kept in a designated place isolated from sources of ignition, and shall be marked or labeled to identify them as flammable liquids.
(d) A separate area shall be provided for the storage of petroleum samples. Samples of flammable liquids not required for current use, but which must be preserved, shall be stored in such a separate area.
(e) Flammable liquid samples shall be disposed of safely. When sinks are used for the disposal of flammable liquids the drains to the sinks shall be properly trapped and vented.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6887. Extractors and Centrifuges.
(a) Each centrifugal extractor or centrifuge shall be equipped with a metal cover or access door of at least No. 20 gage, or its equivalent which shall entirely cover the opening of the outer shell.
(b) Each centrifugal extractor or centrifuge shall be equipped with an interlock that will disconnect the source of power to the drive motor and prevent starting rotation when the access door to the machine is open. The interlock shall also prevent opening of the access door or cover while the centrifugal units are rotating. The interlock shall allow the operator to rotate the unit by manual control or inch the unit for loading or unloading while the access door or cover is open.
(c) Each centrifugal extractor or centrifuge shall be equipped with a mechanically or electrically operated brake to stop the units when the driving power is shut off.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6891. Loading and Unloading.
Loading and unloading at wharves and piers shall comply with General Industry Safety Orders, Sections 5620 through 5624.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6892. Flarebacks.
See General Industry Safety Orders, Sections 3311.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6893. Entering Combustion Chambers, Flues, Boilers or Unfired Steam Pressure Vessels.
See General Industry Safety Orders, Sections 3312.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6894. Working Areas.
See General Industry Safety Orders, Sections 3272 and 3273 except as specified otherwise in these Orders.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6896.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.
s 6950. Title.
These Orders shall be known as the Mine Safety Orders.
Note: Authority cited: Sections 6312, 6500, 6502, Labor Code.
s 6951. Superseded Orders.
These Mine Safety Orders supersede all previous Mine Safety Orders published in California Administrative Code, Title 8, Chapter 4, Subchapter 12, and the Quarry and Open Pit Mine Safety Orders, Chapter 4, Subchapter 17.
s 6952. Purpose.
The Mine Safety Orders are designed to promote safety at mines and are promulgated as standards for the guidance of employers and employees. They are consistent with the policy expressed in Section 21, Article XX, of the Constitution of the State of California -a policy which includes "full provision for securing safety in places of employment."
s 6953. Excerpts from the California Labor Code.
The following provisions of Division 5, Part 1, Chapter 2, of the California Labor Code, 1969 Edition, are applicable to all employments:
"Section 6401. Every employer shall furnish and use safety devices and safeguards, and shall adopt and use practices, means, methods, operations, and processes which are reasonably adequate to render such employment and place of employment safe. Every employer shall do every other thing reasonably necessary to protect the life and safety of employees."
"Section 6406. No person shall do any of the following:
"(a) Remove, displace, damage, destroy or carry off any safety device, safeguard, notice, or warning, furnished for use in any employment or place of employment.
"(b) Interfere in any way with the use thereof by any other person.
"(c) Interfere with the use of any method or process adopted for the protection of any employee, including himself, in such employment or place of employment.
"(d) Fail or neglect to do every other thing reasonably necessary to protect the life and safety of employees."
s 6954. Application.
(a) These orders establish minimum safety standards in places of employment at mines and premises appurtenant thereto.
Note: Unless otherwise designated in this subchapter, the phrase "division" refers to the current Division of Occupational Safety and Health or any of its predecessors including the former Division of Industrial Safety or the Division of Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Reference to the former Division of Industrial Safety or Division of Occupational Safety and Health Administration in these orders is meant to refer to their successor, the Division of Occupational Safety and Health, or any subsequent successor agency.
(b) At mines these Orders take precedence over any other Safety Orders of the Division with which they are inconsistent.
(c) Machines, equipment, processes, and operations not specifically covered by these Orders shall be governed by the General Industry Safety Orders.
Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Sections 142.3 and 6302(d), Labor Code.
s 6955. Scope.
(a) The operations to which these Orders apply are those employed at mines in the extraction of minerals, either metallic or nonmetallic. These operations include:
(1) Prospecting, exploration, development, extraction of minerals, and other operations in connection therewith.
(2) Placer and hydraulic mining.
(3) Transportation of men, materials and equipment in areas and operations covered by these orders.
(4) Operations and maintenance of the equipment applicable to the foregoing.
s 6956. Permits for Variations from These Orders.
(a) When the Division finds that, under such conditions as shall be specified, a variation from the terms of a Safety Order will give such freedom from danger as the employment reasonably permits, the Division upon written application, after investigation and such hearing as the Division may direct, may make and enter its order permitting such variation from the terms of the said Safety Order in a place of employment, upon such conditions as it may specify and upon the provision and use of such safety measures and appliances as shall in the judgment of the said Division secure the safety of employees. A copy of said order shall be posted conspicuously under glass at the place of employment and shall be maintained in legible condition during the time said order is in effect.
(b) An appeal from a decision of the Division concerning a permit for variation from these Orders may be made to the Industrial Safety Board.
(c) When the Division has reason to believe -or upon receipt of a complaint - that a variation does not provide such freedom from danger as the employment reasonably permits, the Division, after notice to the employer -and to the complainant where a complaint has been received -and after hearing, may continue in force, suspend, revoke, or modify the conditions specified in such order.
(d) Where death or serious personal injury at the place of employment appears in the judgment of the Division to be attributable to a variation from the terms of a Safety Order, the Division may set aside or amend said variation order after notice to the employer and such hearings as the Division may direct. Notice of such action shall be conspicuously posted at the place of employment .
(e) No declaration, act, or omission of the Division or of its representatives, other than a written order authorizing a variation as permitted under this Order, shall be deemed to exempt, either wholly or in part, expressly or impliedly, any employer or place of employment from full compliance with the terms of any Safety Order issued by the Division.
s 6957. Responsibility of Independent Contractors.
Any employer performing work on a contractual basis at a location subject to these Orders is bound by these Orders, and shall acquaint himself with the hazards of the employment, and shall instruct his employees as to the hazards and necessary safeguards.
EDITORIAL NOTE: The Federal metal and non-metallic Mine Health and Safety Mandatory Standards numbers have been included with the Mine Safety Order numbers. These sections and standards are indicated by a number such as (3-5). The Mine Safety Order number precedes the U.S. Bureau of Mines' number - example, 6965. (3-5). Some State Safety Orders have no Federal reference number but all Federal Mandatory Standards are covered by State Safety Orders. This arrangement will help the mine operators and their employees in complying with both the Federal and State Mine Safety Orders.
The Federal Mandatory Standard "Part" numbers are not included in the Section numbers, but are listed here for your information:
Part 55 - Open Pit Mining Operations
Part 56 -Sand, Gravel, and Crushed Stone Operations
Part 57 -Underground Mining Operations
The Mine Safety Orders are identified by headings such as:
"General" -Applies to both surface and underground mining operations.
"Surface" -Applies to surface mining operations only.
"Underground" -Applies to underground and surface facilities of underground mining operations.
s 6958. Definitions.
(a) The following definitions shall apply in the application of these Orders.
Approved. Approved by the Division of Occupational Safety and Health.
Berm. A pile or mount of material capable of restraining a vehicle.
Bulkhead. A tight partition or stopping in a mine.
Combustible. Capable of being ignited and consumed by fire. Wherever combustible substances or materials are mentioned in these Orders, flammable and extremely flammable substances and materials are included.
Competent Person. A person at least 21 years of age and having abilities and experience that fully qualify him for the duties he is assigned.
Division. The Division of Industrial Safety.
Extremely Flammable. Having a flash point of 20 degrees Fahrenheit or less, when tested by the Tagliabue open-cup method.
Face or Bank. The sides from the bottom or floor of a pit to the surface surrounding the pit. Where one or more benches or levels are used in a pit, each bench or level has a separate face.
Face -Underground. That part of any audit, tunnel, stope, or raise where excavating is progressing, or was last done.
Fire Resistant. Protected against fire by a covering at least one-half inch thick, of noncombustible materials, such as gunite, cement plaster, gypsum wallboard, asbestos, or other suitable material applied in a manner acceptable to the Division.
Fireproof. Fire resistant.
Fixed. The machine or device is fastened in place and is not moved about while being operated.
Flammable. Capable of being easily ignited or burning rapidly.
Flash Point. The particular temperature at which a material gives off flammable vapor in sufficient quantity to burn instantaneously at the approach of a flame or spark.
High Potential. More than 650 volts.
Highway. Any street, alley, or road, publicly or privately maintained and open to use for the public for purposes of vehicular travel.
Hoist -First Class. A hoist which is secured to a permanent, substantial foundation, and which is not intended to be moved from one location to another. It is used to lower and hoist men and materials.
Hoist -Material. A hoist for lifting, lowering, or pulling materials. It includes tugger-type and scraper hoists.
Jumbo. A mobile platform or series of platforms, usually on wheels, to provide work areas for men and the machines, tools, or materials being used.
Magazine. A building, other than the explosives manufacturing building, or other structures especially designed for the storage of explosives, or any cave or other structure adapted to the storage of explosives.
Man-Deck. An enclosed platform on a shaft conveyance for the transportation of employees.
Mineral. Any substance, organic or inorganic, found in nature as part of the earth and having sufficient value away from its natural location to be mined, quarried, or dug for its own sake or its own specific use. (continued)