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(continued)
(e) Signs, Information and Training.
(1) Signs.
(A) Entrances to regulated areas shall be posted with signs bearing the legend:
CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY

(B) Entrances to regulated areas containing operations covered in paragraph (c)(5) of this section shall be posted with signs bearing the legend:
CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT EXPOSED IN THIS AREA IMPERVIOUS SUIT INCLUDING GLOVES,
BOOTS AND AIR-SUPPLIED HOOD REQUIRED AT ALL TIMES AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY

(C) Appropriate signs and instructions shall be posted at the entrance to, and exit from, regulated areas informing employees of the procedures that must be followed in entering and leaving a regulated area.
(D) Prescribed emergency procedures shall be posted in an appropriate location.
(2) Container Contents Identification.
(A) Containers of a carcinogen and containers required under subparagraphs (c)(4)(E), (c)(6)(H) and (c)(7)(C) of this section which are accessible only to, and handled only by, authorized employees or other employees trained in accordance with paragraph (e)(5) may have the identification of their contents limited to a generic or proprietary name, or other proprietary identification, of the carcinogen and percent.
(B) Containers of a carcinogen and containers required under subparagraphs (c)(4)(E), (c)(6)(H) and (c)(7)(C) of this section which are accessible to, or handled by, employees other than authorized employees or employees trained in accordance with paragraph (e)(5), shall have contents identification which includes the full chemical name and Chemical Abstracts Service Registry number as listed in subsection (a) of this section.
(C) Containers shall display the following warning immediately under, or adjacent to, the contents identification:
CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT

(D) Containers which have carcinogen contents with corrosive or irritating properties shall have label statements warning of such hazards, noting, if appropriate, particularly sensitive or affected portions of the body.
(3) Lettering. Lettering on signs required by subparagraphs (e)(1)(A), (B) and (C)of this section shall be a minimum height of 2 inches. Instructions required by subparagraphs (e)(1)(C) and (D) shall be legible and no smaller than standard pica type. The letter height of labels required on containers under this section shall be not less than one-half the size of the largest other lettering on the package, and not less than 8-point type in any instance, but no such required lettering need be more than 1 inch in height.

(4) Prohibited Statements. No statement shall appear on or near any required sign, label or instruction which contradicts or detracts from the effect of any required warning, information or instruction.
(5) Training and Indoctrination. Each employee, prior to being authorized to enter a regulated area, shall receive a training and indoctrination program including, but not necessarily limited to, the information or requirements of this paragraph. (All materials relating to the training/indoctrination program shall be provided upon request to authorized representatives of the Chief and the Director of the Department of Health.)
(A) The nature of the carcinogenic hazards including local and systemic toxicity.
(B) The specific nature of the operation involving a carcinogen which could result in exposure.
(C) The purpose for, and application of, the medical surveillance program, including, as appropriate, methods of self examination.

(D) The purpose for, and application of, decontamination practices and procedures.
(E) The purpose for, and significance of, emergency practices and procedures.
(F) The employee's specific role in prescribed emergency procedures.
(G) Specific information to aid the employee in recognition and evaluation of conditions and situations which may result in the release of a carcinogen.
(H) The purpose for, and application of, specific first-aid procedures and practices.
(I) The employee shall be familiarized with the prescribed emergency procedures and rehearsed in their application.
(J) This section shall be reviewed at the employee's first training and indoctrination program and annually thereafter.
(f) Reports. See section 5203.
(g) Medical Surveillance. At no cost to the employee, a program of medical surveillance shall be established and implemented for employees considered for assignment to enter regulated areas, and for authorized employees.
(1) Examinations.
(A) Before an employee is assigned to enter a regulated area, a preassignment medical examination by a licensed physician shall be provided. The examination shall include the employee's personal history and that of the employee's family insofar as these are related to pertinent genetic, occupational and environmental factors.
(B) Authorized employees shall be provided periodic medical examinations, not less often than annually, following the preassignment examination.
(C) In all medical examinations, the physician shall consider whether factors exist, which would predispose the employee to increase risk, such as reduced immunological competence, treatment with steroids or cytotoxic agents, pregnancy and cigarette smoking.
(2) Records.

(A) Employers of employees examined pursuant to paragraph (g)(1), above, shall cause to be maintained complete and accurate records of all such medical examinations. Records shall be maintained for the duration of the employee's employment. Upon termination of the employee's employment, including retirement or death, or in the event that the employer ceases business without a successor, records, or notarized true copies thereof, shall be forwarded by registered mail to the Director, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The employer shall also comply with any additional requirements involving the transfer of records set forth in Section 3204.
(B) Records required by this paragraph shall be provided upon request to employees, designated representatives, and authorized representatives of the Chief, in accordance with Section 3204, and the Director of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
(C) Any physician who conducts a medical examination required by this paragraph shall furnish to the employer a statement of the employee's suitability for employment in the specific exposure.


Note: Authority cited: Sections 142.3, 9020, 9030 and 9040, Labor Code. Reference: Sections 142.3, 9004(d), 9009, 9020, 9030, 9031 and 9040, Labor Code.






s 5210. Vinyl Chloride.
(a) Scope and Application.
(1) This section includes requirements for the control of employee exposure to vinyl chloride (chloroethene), Chemical Abstracts Service Registry No. 75014.

(2) This section applies to the manufacture, reaction, packaging, repackaging, storage, handling or use of vinyl chloride or polyvinyl chloride, but does not apply to fabricated products made of polyvinyl chloride.
(3) This section applies to the transportation of vinyl chloride or polyvinyl chloride except to the extent that the Department of Transportation may regulate the hazards covered by this section.
(b) Definitions.
(1) Action Level. A time-weighted concentration of vinyl chloride of 0.5 ppm averaged over any 8-hour period.
(2) Authorized Person. Any person specifically authorized by the employer whose duties require him to enter a regulated area or any person entering such an area as a designated representative of employees for the purpose of exercising an opportunity to observe monitoring and measuring procedures.
(3) Fabricated product. A product made wholly or partly from polyvinyl chloride, and which has been processed at temperatures, and for times, sufficient to cause mass melting of the polyvinyl chloride.

(4) Polyvinyl Chloride. The homopolymer or copolymer of polyvinyl chloride before such is converted to a fabricated product.
(5) Vinyl Chloride. The monomer of vinyl chloride.
(c) Permissible Exposure Limit.
(1) No employee may be exposed to vinyl chloride at concentrations greater than 1 ppm averaged over any 8-hour period, and
(2) No employee may be exposed to vinyl chloride at concentrations greater than 5 ppm averaged over any period not exceeding 15 minutes.
(3) No employee may be exposed to vinyl chloride by direct contact with liquid vinyl chloride.
(d) Monitoring.
(1) A program of initial monitoring and measurement shall be undertaken in each establishment to determine if there is any employee exposed, without regard to the use of respirators, in excess of the action level.
(2) Where a determination conducted under paragraph (d)(1) of this section shows any employee exposures, without regard to the use of respirators, in excess of the action level, a program for determining exposures for each such employee shall be established. Such a program:
(A) Shall be repeated at least monthly where any employee is exposed, without regard to the use of respirators, in excess of the permissible exposure limit.
(B) Shall be repeated not less than quarterly where any employee is exposed, without regard to the use of respirators, in excess of the action level.
(C) May be discontinued for any employee only when at least two consecutive monitoring determinations, made not less than 5 working days apart, show exposures for that employee at or below the action level.
(3) Whenever there has been a production, process or control change which may result in an increase in the release of vinyl chloride, or the employer has any other reason to suspect that any employee may be exposed in excess of the action level, a determination of employee exposure under paragraph (d)(1) of this section shall be performed.
(4) The method of monitoring and measurement shall have an accuracy (with a confidence level of 95 percent) of not less than plus or minus 50 percent from 0.25 through 0.5 ppm, plus or minus 35 percent from over 0.5 ppm through 1.0 ppm, and plus or minus 25 percent over 1.0 ppm. (Methods meeting these accuracy requirements are available in the "NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods.")
(5) Employees or their designated representatives shall be afforded reasonable opportunity to observe the monitoring and measuring required by this paragraph.
(6) Employee Notification of Monitoring Results. The employer must, within 15 working days after the receipt of the results of any monitoring performed under this section, notify each affected employee of these results and the steps being taken to reduce exposures within the permissible exposure limit either individually in writing or by posting the results in an appropriate location that is accessible to affected employees.
(e) Regulated Area.
(1) A regulated area shall be established where vinyl chloride is released into work areas such that employees are exposed above the limits specified in paragraph (c)(1) or (c)(2) of this section, without regard to the use of respirators.
(2) Access to regulated areas shall be limited to authorized persons.
(f) Methods of Compliance. Employee exposures to vinyl chloride shall be controlled to at or below the permissible exposure limit provided in paragraph (c) of this section by engineering, work practice, and personal protective controls as follows:
(1) Feasible engineering and work practice controls shall immediately be used to reduce exposures to at or below the permissible exposure limit.
(2) Wherever feasible engineering and work practice controls which can be instituted immediately are not sufficient to reduce exposures to at or below the permissible exposure limit, they shall nonetheless be used to reduce exposures to the lowest practicable level, and shall be supplemented by respiratory protection in accordance with paragraph (g) of this section. A program shall be established and implemented to reduce exposures to at or below the permissible exposure limit, or to the greatest extent feasible, solely by means of engineering and work practice controls, as soon as feasible.
(3) Written plans for such a program shall be developed and furnished upon request for examination and copying to the Chief of the Division of Industrial Safety or the Director of the Department of Health or their authorized representatives. Such plans shall be updated at least every six months.
(g) Respiratory Protection.
(1) General. For employees who are required to use respirators by this section, the employer must provide respirators that comply with the requirements of this subsection.
(2) Respirator program. The employer must implement a respiratory protection program in accordance with section 5144 (b) through (d) (except (d)(1)(C), and (d)(3)(C)2.a. and b.), and (f) through (m).
(3) Respirator selection.
(A) Respirators shall be selected from the following table:


Atmospheric
Concentration
of Vinyl Required Apparatus
Chloride
(A) Unknown, or Open-circuit, self-contained breathing apparatus,
above 3,600 pressure demand type with full facepiece.
ppm
(B) Not over 1. Combination type C supplied air respirator,
3,600 ppm pressure demand type, with full or half facepiece and
auxiliary self-contained air supply; or
2. Combination type C, supplied air respirator
continuous flow type, with full or half facepiece, and
auxiliary self-contained air supply.
(C) Not over 1. Type C, supplied air respirator, continuous flow
1000 ppm type, with full or half facepiece helmet or hood.
(D) Not over 1. Combination type C supplied air respirator,
100 ppm demand type, with full facepiece and auxiliary
self-contained air supply; or
2. Open-circuit self-contained breathing apparatus with full
facepiece, in demand mode; or

3. Type C supplied air respirator, demand type, with
full facepiece.
(E) Not over 25 1. A powered air-purifying respirator with hood,
ppm
helmet, full or half facepiece, and a canister which provides
a service life of at least 4 hours for
concentrations of vinyl chloride up to 25 ppm, or
2. Gas mask, front- or back-mounted canister which
provides a service life of at least 4 hours for
concentrations of vinyl chloride up to 25 ppm.
(F) Not over 10 1. Combination type C supplied-air respirator,
ppm
demand type, with half facepiece, and auxiliary self-contained
air supply; or
2. Type C supplied-air respirator, demand type, with
half facepiece; or
3. Any chemical cartridge respirator with an organic
vapor cartridge which provides a service life of at
least 1 hour for concentrations of vinyl chloride
up to 10 ppm.



(B) Where air-purifying respirators are used:
1. Air-purifying canisters or cartridges shall be replaced prior to the expiration of their service life or the end of the shift in which they are first used, whichever occurs first, and
2. A continuous monitoring and alarm system shall be provided where concentrations of vinyl chloride could reasonably exceed the allowable concentrations for the devices in use. Such system shall be used to alert employees when vinyl chloride concentrations exceed the allowable concentrations for the devices in use.
(C) Respirators specified for higher concentrations may be used for lower concentrations.
(h) Hazardous Operations.
(1) Employees engaged in hazardous operations, including entry of vessels to clean polyvinyl chloride residue from vessel walls, shall be provided and required to wear and use:

(A) Respiratory protection in accordance with paragraphs (c) and (g) of this section; and
(B) Protective garments to prevent skin contact with liquid vinyl chloride or with polyvinyl chloride residue from vessel walls. The protective garments shall be selected for the operation and its possible exposure conditions.
(2) Protective garments shall be provided clean and dry for each use.
(i) Emergency Situations.A written operational plan for emergency situations shall be developed for each facility storing, handling, or otherwise using vinyl chloride as a liquid or compressed gas. Appropriate portions of the plan shall be implemented in the event of an emergency. The plan shall specifically provide that:
(1) Employees engaged in hazardous operations or correcting situations of existing hazardous releases shall be equipped as required in paragraph (h) of this section.
(2) Other employees not so equipped shall evacuate the area and not return until conditions are controlled by the methods required in paragraph (f) of this section and the emergency is abated.
(j) Training.Each employee engaged in vinyl chloride or polyvinyl chloride operations shall be provided training in a program relating to the hazards of vinyl chloride and precautions for its safe use.
(1) The program shall include:
(A) The nature of the health hazard from chronic exposure to vinyl chloride including specifically the carcinogenic hazard;
(B) The specific nature of operations which could result in exposure to vinyl chloride in excess of the permissible limit and necessary protective steps;
(C) The purpose for, proper use, and limitations of respiratory protective devices;
(D) The fire hazard and acute toxicity of vinyl chloride, and the necessary protective steps;

(E) The purpose for and a description of the monitoring program;
(F) The purpose for and a description of the medical surveillance program;
(G) Emergency procedures;
(H) Specific information to aid the employee in recognition of conditions which may result in the release of vinyl chloride; and
(I) A review of this standard at the employee's first training and indoctrination program, and annually thereafter.
(2) All materials relating to the program shall be provided upon request to the Chief of the Division of Industrial Safety or the Director of the Department of Health or their authorized representatives.
(k) Medical Surveillance.A program of medical surveillance shall be instituted for each employee exposed, without regard to the use of respirators, to vinyl chloride in excess of the action level. The program shall provide each such employee with an opportunity for examinations and tests in accordance with this paragraph. All medical examinations and procedures shall be performed by or under the supervision of a licensed physician, and shall be provided without cost to the employee.
(1) At the time of initial assignment, or upon institution of medical surveillance:
(A) A general physical examination shall be performed, with specific attention to detecting enlargement of the liver, spleen or kidneys, or dysfunction in these organs, and for abnormalities in skin, connective tissues, and the pulmonary system. (See Appendix A.)
(B) A medical history shall be taken including the following topics:
1. Alcohol intake;
2. Past history of hepatitis;
3. Work history and past exposure to potential hepato-toxic agents, including drugs and chemicals;
4. Past history of blood transfusions; and

5. Past history of hospitalizations.
(C) A serum specimen shall be obtained and determinations made of:
1. Total bilirubin;
2. Alkaline phosphatase;
3. Serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (SGOT);
4. Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT); and
5. Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase.
(2) Examinations provided in accordance with this paragraph shall be performed at least:
(A) Every 6 months for each employee who has been employed in vinyl chloride or polyvinyl chloride manufacturing for 10 years or longer; and

(B) Annually for all other employees.
(3) Each employee exposed to an emergency shall be afforded appropriate medical surveillance.
(4) A statement of each employee's suitability for continued exposure to vinyl chloride including use of protective equipment and respirators, shall be obtained from the examining physician promptly after any examination. A copy of the physician's statement shall be provided each employee.
(5) If any employee's health would be materially impaired by continued exposure, such employee shall be withdrawn from possible contact with vinyl chloride.
(6) Laboratory analyses for all biological specimens included in medical examinations shall be performed in laboratories licensed under Division 2, Chapter 3 of the California Business and Professions Code, or 42 CFR Part 74.
(7) If the examining physician determines that alternative medical examinations to those required by paragraph (k)(1) of this section will provide at least equal assurance of detecting medical conditions pertinent to the exposure to vinyl chloride, the employer may accept such alternative examinations as meeting the requirements of paragraph (k)(1) of this section, if the employer obtains a statement from the examining physician setting forth the alternative examinations and the rationale for substitution. This statement shall be available upon request for examination and copying to authorized representatives of the Chief of the Division of Occupational Safety and Health or the Director of the Department of Health.
(l) Signs and Labels.
(1) Entrances to regulated areas shall be posted with legible signs bearing the legend:
CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT AREA AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY

(2) Areas containing hazardous operations or where an emergency currently exists shall be posted with legible signs bearing the legend:
CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT IN THIS AREA PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT REQUIRED AUTHORIZED
PERSONNEL ONLY

(3) Containers of polyvinyl chloride resin waste from reactors or other waste contaminated with vinyl chloride shall be legibly labeled:
CONTAMINATED WITH VINYL CHLORIDE CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT

(4) Containers of polyvinyl chloride shall be legibly labeled:
POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (OR TRADE NAME) Contains VINYL CHLORIDE VINYL CHLORIDE IS A
CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT

(5) Containers of vinyl chloride shall be legibly labeled either:
(A)
VINYL CHLORIDE EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE GAS UNDER PRESSURE CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT

(B) or, in accordance with 49 CFR Parts 170-189, with the additional legend:
CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT

applied near the label or placard.
(6) No statement shall appear on or near any required sign, label or instruction which contradicts or detracts from the effect of, any required warning, information or instruction.
(m) Records.
(1) All records maintained in accordance with this section shall include the name and social security number of each employee where relevant.
(2) Records of required monitoring and measuring and medical records shall be provided upon request to employees, designated representatives, and authorized representatives of the Division of Occupational Safety and Health in accordance with Section 3204. These records shall also be provided upon request to the Director, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
(A) Monitoring and measuring records shall:
1. State the date of such monitoring and measuring and the concentrations determined and identify the instruments and methods used;

2. Include any additional information necessary to determine individual employee exposures where such exposures are determined by means other than individual monitoring of employees; and
3. Be maintained for not less than 30 years.
(B) Medical records shall be maintained for the duration of the employment of each employee plus 20 years, or 30 years, whichever is longer.
(3) In the event that the employer ceases to do business and there is no successor to receive and retain his records for the prescribed period, these records shall be transmitted by registered mail to the Director, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 5600 Fisher Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, and each employee individually notified in writing of this transfer. The employer shall also comply with any additional requirements involving the transfer of records set forth in Section 3204.
(n) Reports. See section 5203.






Appendix A
-Supplementary Medical Information

When required tests under paragraph (k)(1) of this section show abnormalities, the tests should be repeated as soon as practicable, preferably within 3 to 4 weeks. If tests remain abnormal, consideration should be given to withdrawal of the employee from contact with vinyl chloride, while a more comprehensive examination is made.
Additional tests which may be useful:
A. For kidney dysfunction: urine examination for albumin, red blood cells, and exfoliative abnormal cells.
B. Pulmonary system: Forced vital capacity. Forced expiratory volume at 1 second, and chest roentgenogram (posterior-anterior, 14 x 17 inches).
C. Additional serum tests: Lactic acid dehydrogenase, lactic acid dehydrogenase isoenzyme, protein determination, and protein electrophoresis.
D. For a more comprehensive examination on repeated abnormal serum tests: Hepatitis B antigen, and liver scanning.


Note: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code.






Appendix A -Supplementary Medical Information
When required tests under paragraph (k)(1) of this section show abnormalities, the tests should be repeated as soon as practicable, preferably within 3 to 4 weeks. If tests remain abnormal, consideration should be given to withdrawal of the employee from contact with vinyl chloride, while a more comprehensive examination is made.
Additional tests which may be useful:
A. For kidney dysfunction: urine examination for albumin, red blood cells, and exfoliative abnormal cells.
B. Pulmonary system: Forced vital capacity. Forced expiratory volume at 1 second, and chest roentgenogram (posterior-anterior, 14x17 inches).
C. Additional serum tests: Lactic acid dehydrogenase, lactic acid dehydrogenase isoenzyme, protein determination, and protein electrophoresis.
D. For a more comprehensive examination on repeated abnormal serum tests: Hepatitis B antigen, and liver scanning.


Note: Authority cited: Sections 142.3, 9020, 9030 and 9040, Labor Code. Reference: Sections 142.3, 9004(d), 9009, 9020, 9030, 9031 and 9040, Labor Code.






s 5211. Coke Oven Emissions.
(a) Scope and Application. This section establishes work practices, engineering methods, and other requirements for the control of employee exposure to coke oven emissions during the production of coke from coal.
The requirements of this section are subject to the provisions of the Occupational Carcinogens Control Act of 1976 (Chapter 2 Division 20 Health and Safety Code).
(b) Definitions.
(1) Authorized Person.
Any employee or other person, specifically authorized by the employer, whose duties require access to a regulated area, including any employee representative designated to observe the performance of monitoring and measuring procedures pursuant to subsection (w).
(2) Beehive Oven. A coke oven in which the products of carbonization other than coke are not recovered but are released into the ambient air.
(3) Coke Oven. A retort in which coke is produced by the destructive distillation or carbonization of coal.
(4) Coke Oven Battery. A structure containing a number of slot-type coke ovens.
(5) Coke Oven Emissions. The benzene-soluble fraction of total particulate matter present during the destructive distillation or carbonization or coal for the production of coke.
(6) Emergency. Any occurrence such as, but not limited to, equipment failure which is likely to, or does, result in any massive release of coke oven emissions.
(7) Existing Coke Oven Battery. A battery in operation or under construction on the effective date of this section and which is not a rehabilitated coke oven battery.
(8) Rehabilitated Coke Oven Battery. A battery which is rebuilt, overhauled, renovated, or restored, such as from the pad up, after the effective date of this section.
(9) Stage Charging.A procedure by which a predetermined volume of coal in each larry car hopper is introduced into an oven such that no more than two hoppers are discharging simultaneously.
(10) Sequential Charging. A procedure, usually automatically timed, by which a predetermined volume of coal in each larry car hopper is introduced into an oven such that no more than two hoppers commence or finish discharging simultaneously although, at some point, all hoppers are discharging simultaneously.
(11) Pipeline Charging. Any procedure for the introduction of coal into an oven which uses a pipe or duct permanently mounted onto an oven and through which coal is charged.
(12) Green Push.Coke which when removed from the oven results in emissions due to the presence of unvolatilized coal.
(c) Permissible Exposure Limit.The employer shall assure that no employee is exposed to coke oven emissions at concentrations greater than 0.15 milligrams per cubic meter of air, averaged over any 8-hour period.
(d) Regulated Areas. Regulated areas, to which access shall be restricted to authorized persons, shall be established for the following areas:
(1) The coke oven battery including topside and its machinery, pushside and its machinery, coke side and its machinery, and the battery ends; the wharf; and the screening station.

(2) The beehive oven and its machinery.
(e) Monitoring. Each employer who has a place of employment where coke oven emissions are present shall monitor employees employed in the regulated area in accordance with this subsection.
(1) Measurements.
(A) The employer shall obtain measurements which are representative of each employee's exposure to coke oven emissions, as an 8-hour, time-weighted average concentration, without regard to the employee's use of respiratory protective equipment.
(B) The employer shall collect personal samples including at least one sample during each shift for each battery and each job classification within the regulated areas. Whenever normal assignments of employees in a particular job classification involve more than one battery, the employer shall collect representative personal samples which are proportionate in number to the number of batteries on which work is performed in such job classification. Note:The job classifications referred to above include but are not limited to the following:
1. Lid tender
2. Spray tender
3. Larry car operator
4. Luter tender
5. Door machine operator
6. Door cleaner, coke side
7. Door cleaner, pusher side
8. Heater
9. Heater helper
10. Quenching car operator

11. Pusher operator
12. Lead pusher
13. Conveyor attendant
14. Wharf tender
15. First patcher
16. First oven door repair hand
17. Patcher
18. Oven door repair hand helper
19. Patcher helper
20. Spell hand

21. Nozzle cleaner
22. Oven labor
23. Heating labor
24. Maintenance personnel
25. Oven door repair hand
(C) The determination of each employee's exposure to coke oven emissions, as conducted in accordance with paragraph (e)(1), shall be repeated at least every three months.
(2) Redetermination. Whenever there has been a production, process, or control change which may result in new or additional exposure to coke oven emissions, or whenever the employer has any other reason to suspect an increase in employee exposure, the employer shall repeat the monitoring and measurements required by paragraph (e)(1) for those employees affected by such change or increase.

(3) Employee Notification.
(A) The employer shall notify the employee monitored of his exposure measurements and post representative levels for all other employees within five working days after the receipt of the results of measurements required by paragraph (e)(1) or (e)(2).
(B) Whenever such results indicate that the representative employee exposure exceeds the permissible exposure limit, the employer shall, in such notification, inform each employee of that fact and of the corrective action being taken to reduce exposure to, or below, the permissible exposure limit.
(4) Accuracy of Measurement. The employer shall use a method of monitoring and measurement which has an accuracy (with a confidence level of 95%) of not less than plus or minus 35% for concentrations of coke oven emissions greater than, or equal to, 0.15 milligrams per cubic meter of air.
(f) Methods of Compliance.
(1) Existing Coke Oven Batteries.

(A) The employer shall institute the generally applicable, but minimum, engineering and work practice controls prescribed by subsections (g) through (m) in existing coke oven batteries at the earliest possible time, but not later than January 20, 1980, except to the extent that the employer can establish that such controls are not feasible. Note:In determining the earliest possible time for the institution of engineering and work practice controls, the requirement, effective August 27, 1971, to implement feasible administrative or engineering controls to reduce exposures to coal tar pitch volatiles shall be considered.
(B) If, after implementing all controls required by subsections (g) through (m), or after January 20, 1980, whichever is sooner, employee exposures still exceed the permissible exposure limit, the employer shall implement any other engineering controls necessary to reduce exposures to, or below, the permissible limit.
(C) Whenever the engineering and work practice controls which can be instituted, in accordance with the provisions of subparagraphs (f)(1)(A) or (f)(1)(B), are not sufficient to reduce employee exposures to, or below, the permissible exposure limit, the employer shall nonetheless use them to reduce exposures to the lowest level achievable by these controls and shall supplement them by the use of respiratory protection which complies with the requirements of subsection (p).
(2) New or Rehabilitated Coke Oven Batteries.
(A) The employer shall institute the best available engineering and work practice controls on all new or rehabilitated coke oven batteries to reduce and maintain employee exposures at, or below, the permissible exposure limit except to the extent that the employer can establish that such controls are not feasible.
(B) If, after implementing all the engineering and work practice controls required by subparagraph (f)(2)(A), employee exposures still exceed the permissible limit, the employer shall implement any other engineering and work practice controls necessary to reduce exposure to, or below, the permissible limit except to the extent that the employer can establish that such controls are not feasible.
(C) Wherever the engineering and work practice controls which can be instituted in accordance with subparagraph (f)(2)(A) or (f)(2)(B) are not sufficient to reduce employee exposures to or below the permissible exposure limit, the employer shall nonetheless use them to reduce exposures to the lowest level achievable by these controls and shall supplement them by the use of respiratory protection which complies with the requirements of subsection (p).
(3) Beehive Ovens.
(A) The employer shall institute engineering and work practice controls on all beehive ovens at the earliest possible time to reduce and maintain employee exposures at, or below, the permissible exposure limit except to the extent that the employer can establish that such controls are not feasible. Note:In determining the earliest possible time for the institution of engineering and work practice controls, the requirement, effective August 27, 1971, to implement feasible administrative or engineering controls to reduce exposures to coal tar pitch volatiles, shall be considered.
(B) If, after implementing all the engineering and work practice controls required by subparagraph (f)(3)(A), employee exposures still exceed the permissible limit, the employer shall implement any other engineering and work practice controls necessary to reduce exposure to, or below, the permissible limit except to the extent that the employer can establish that such controls are not feasible.

(C) Wherever the engineering and work practice controls which can be instituted in accordance with subparagraph (f)(3)(A) or (f)(3)(B) are not sufficient to reduce employee exposures to or below the permissible exposure limit, the employer shall nonetheless use them to reduce exposures to the lowest level achievable by these controls and shall supplement them by the use of respiratory protection which complies with the requirements of subsection (p).
(g) Engineering Controls During Charging. The employer shall equip and operate existing coke oven batteries with all of the engineering controls specified by this subsection to control emissions during charging operations.
(1) One of the following methods of charging:
(A) Stage charging as described in paragraph (i)(2).
(B) Sequential charging as described in paragraph (i)(2), except that subparagraph (i)(2)(C)2, does not apply to sequential charging.
(C) Pipeline charging or other forms of enclosed charging in accordance with this subsection except that paragraphs (2), (4), (5), (6), and (8) do not apply.
(2) Drafting from two or more points in the oven being charged, through the use of double collector mains, or a fixed or moveable jumper pipe system to another oven, to effectively remove the gases from the oven to the collector mains.
(3) Aspiration systems designed and operated to provide sufficient negative pressure and flow volume to effectively move the gases evolved during charging into the collector mains, including sufficient steam pressure, and steam jets of sufficient diameter.
(4) Mechanical volumetric controls on each larry car hopper to provide the proper amount of coal to be charged through each charging hole so that the tunnel head will be sufficient to permit the gases to move from the oven into the collector mains.
(5) Devices to facilitate the rapid and continuous flow of coal into the oven being charged, such as stainless steel liners, coal vibrators or pneumatic shells.
(6) Individually operated larry car drop sleeves and slide gates designed and maintained so that the gases are effectively removed from the oven into the collector mains.
(7) Mechanized gooseneck and standpipe cleaners.
(8) Air seals on the pusher machine leveler bars to control air infiltration during charging.
(9) Roof carbon cutters or a compressed air system, or both, on the pusher machine rams to remove roof carbon.
(h) Engineering Controls During Coking.The employer shall equip and operate existing coke oven batteries with all of the engineering controls specified by this subsection to control emissions during coking.
(1) A pressure control system on each battery to obtain uniform collector main pressure.
(2) Ready access to door repair facilities capable of prompt and efficient repair of doors, door sealing edges, and all door parts.

(3) An adequate number of spare doors available for replacement purposes.
(4) Chuck door gaskets to control chuck door emissions until such door is repaired or replaced.
(5) Heat shields on door machines.
(i) Work Practice Controls During Charging.The employer shall operate existing coke oven batteries with all of the following work practices to control emissions during charging:
(1) Establishment and implementation of a detailed, written inspection and cleaning procedure for each battery which shall include, as a minimum, provision for the following:
(A) Prompt and effective repair or replacement of all engineering controls.
(B) Inspection and cleaning of goosenecks and standpipes, prior to each charge, to a specified minimum diameter sufficient to effectively move the evolved gases from the oven to the collector mains.

(C) Inspection for roof carbon build-up prior to each charge and removal of roof carbon as necessary to provide an adequate gas channel so that the gases are effectively moved from the oven into the collector mains.
(D) Inspection of the steam aspiration system prior to each charge so that sufficient pressure and volume is maintained to effectively move the gases from the oven to the collector mains.
(E) Inspection of steam nozzles and liquor sprays prior to each charge and cleaning as necessary so that the steam nozzles and liquor sprays are clean.
(F) Inspection of standpipe caps prior to each charge and cleaning and luting or both as necessary so that the gases are effectively moved from the oven to the collector mains.
(G) Inspection of charging holes and lids for cracks, warpage and other defects prior to each charge and removal of carbon to prevent emissions, and application of luting material to standpipe and charging hole lids where necessary to obtain a proper seal.
(2) Establishment and implementation of a detailed, written charging procedure, designed and operated to eliminate emissions during charging for each battery, which shall include, as a minimum, the following elements:
(A) Larry car hoppers filled with coal to a predetermined level in accordance with the mechanical volumetric controls required under paragraph (g)(4) so as to maintain a sufficient gas passage in the oven to be charged.
(B) The larry car aligned over the oven to be charged such that the drop sleeves fit tightly over the charging holes.
(C) Actual charging of the oven performed following the sequence and under the conditions prescribed by this subparagraph.
1. The aspiration system in operation.
2. Coal charged from the outermost hoppers, either individually or simultaneously, depending upon the capacity of the aspiration system to collect the evolved gases, and following charging, each charging hole immediately relidded or otherwise sealed off to prevent the leakage of coke oven emissions.
3. Additional hoppers discharged individually and each relidded or otherwise sealed off to prevent leakage of coke oven emissions before proceeding.
4. The final hopper discharged until the gas channel at the top of the oven is blocked and then the chuck door opened and the coal leveled.
5. When the coal from the final hopper is discharged and the leveling operation is completed, the charging hole relidded or otherwise sealed off to prevent leakage of coke oven emissions.
6. The aspiration system turned off only after the charging holes have been closed.
(3) Establishment and implementation of a detailed, written procedure, designed and operated to eliminate emissions during charging, of each pipeline or enclosed charged battery.
(j) Work Practice Controls During Coking.The employer shall operate existing coke oven batteries pursuant to a detailed, written procedure established and implemented for the control of coke oven emissions during coking which shall be based on at least the following work practices:

(1) Checking oven back pressure controls to maintain uniform pressure conditions in the collecting main.
(2) Repair, replacement, maintenance and adjustment of oven doors, chuck doors, and door jacks and replacement of door jambs so as to provide a continuous metal-to-metal fit. No more than two successive charges shall be allowed on ovens with defective oven doors or chuck doors before repair or replacement.
(3) Cleaning of oven doors, check doors and door jambs each coking cycle so as to provide an effective seal.
(4) An inspection system and program including positive correction action to control door emissions to the maximum extent possible.
(5) Luting of doors that are sealed by luting at each coking cycle and reluting, replacing or adjusting as necessary to control leakage.
(k) Work Practices During Pushing.The employer shall operate all existing coke oven batteries using all of the following work practices to control emissions during pushing:

(1) Coke and coal spillage quenched as soon as practicable and not shoveled into a heated oven.
(2) Establishment and implementation of a detailed, written procedure for each battery, designed and operated for the control of emissions during pushing, based, as a minimum, on the following elements:
(A) Dampering off the ovens and removal of charging hole lids to effectively control coke oven emissions during the push.
(B) Heating of the coal charge uniformly for a sufficient period so as to obtain proper coking including the prevention of green pushes.
(C) When it is known in advance that a green push will occur which can be prevented by corrective measures, such measures shall be taken before the push is made.
(D) Inspection, adjustment and correction of heating flue temperatures and defective flues at least weekly and after any green push so as to prevent green pushes.

(E) Cleaning of heating flues and related equipment to prevent green pushes, at least weekly and after any green push.
(l) Maintenance and Repair.The employer shall operate existing coke oven batteries following a detailed, written procedure of maintenance and repair established and implemented for the effective control of coke oven emissions and such procedure shall be based, as a minimum, on the following work practices:
(1) Regular inspection of all controls, including goosenecks, standpipes, standpipe caps, charging hole lids and castings, jumper pipes and air seals for cracks, misalignment or other defects and implementation of the necessary repairs as soon as possible.
(2) Maintaining the regulated area in an orderly condition reasonably free of coal and coke spillage and debris.
(3) Regular inspection of the damper system, aspiration system and collector main for cracks or leakage, and prompt implementation of the necessary repairs.
(4) Regular inspection of the heating system and prompt implementation of the necessary repairs.
(5) Prevention of miscellaneous fugitive topside emissions.
(6) Regular inspection and patching of oven brickwork.
(7) Maintenance of battery equipment and controls in good working order.
(8) Maintenance and repair of coke oven doors, chuck doors, door jambs and seals.
(9) Repairs instituted and completed as soon as possible, including temporary repair measures instituted and completed where necessary, including but not limited to:
(A) Prevention of miscellaneous fugitive topside emissions; and
(B) Installation of chuck door gaskets prior to the start of the next coking cycle.
(m) Filtered Air.

(1) The employer shall provide positive-pressure, temperature-controlled, filtered air for larry car, pusher machine, door machine, and quench car cabs.
(2) The employer shall provide standby pulpits on the battery topside, and one centrally located to the screening station equipped with positive-pressure, temperature-controlled, filtered air.
(n) Emergencies.Whenever an emergency occurs, the next coking cycle may not begin until the cause of the emergency is determined and corrected unless the employer can establish that it is necessary to initiate the next coking cycle in order to determine the cause of the emergency.
(o) Compliance Program.
(1) Each employer shall establish and implement a written program to reduce exposures solely by means of the engineering and work practice controls required in subsections (g) through (m). The written program shall include at least the following:
(A) A description of each coke oven by battery, including work force and operating crew, coking time, operating procedures and maintenance practices.
(B) Engineering plans and other studies used to determine the controls for the coke battery.
(C) A report of the technology considered in meeting the permissible exposure limit.
(D) Monitoring data obtained in accordance with subsection (e).
(E) A detailed schedule for the implementation of the engineering and work practice controls required in subsections (g) through (m).
(F) Any other relevant information.
(2) If, after implementing all controls required by subsections (g) through (m), or after January 20, 1980, whichever is sooner, or after completion of a new or rehabilitated battery, the permissible exposure limit is still exceeded, the employer shall develop a detailed, written plan and schedule for the implementation of any additional engineering controls and work practices necessary to reduce exposure to, or below, the permissible exposure limit.

(3) Written programs, as required by Sections 5211(o)(1) and (o)(2), shall be submitted upon request to the Chief of the Division of Occupational Safety and Health (the Chief) and the Director of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (the Director) and shall be available at the worksite for examination and copying by authorized representatives of the Chief and the Director and by the authorized employee representative. These programs shall be revised and updated at least every 6 months to reflect the current status.
(4) The employer shall incorporate the written procedures required by Sections 5211(i) through (l) and the schedules required by Sections 5211(o)(1)(e) and (o)(2) in the employee information and training program under Section 5211(t) and, where appropriate, shall post the procedures and schedules in the regulated area(s).
(p) Respiratory Protection.
(1) General. For employees who use respirators required by this section, the employer must provide respirators that comply with the requirements of this subsection. Compliance with the permissible exposure limit may not be achieved by the use of respirators except during:

(A) Periods necessary to install or implement feasible engineering and work practice controls.
(B) Work operations such as maintenance and repair activity in which engineering and work practice controls are technologically not feasible. (continued)