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(continued) of Boats Using Diesel Fuel,” will be considered as meeting the requirements of this section.
§ 182.470 Ventilation of spaces containing diesel fuel tanks.
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(a) Unless provided with ventilation that complies with §182.465, a space containing a diesel fuel tank and no machinery must meet the requirements of this section.
(1) A space of 14 cubic meters (500 cubic feet) or more in volume must have a gooseneck vent of not less than 65 millimeters (2.5 inches) in diameter.
(2) A space of less than 14 cubic meters (500 cubic feet) in volume must have a gooseneck vent of not less than 40 millimeters (1.5 inches) in diameter.
(b) Vent openings may not be located adjacent to possible sources of vapor ignition.
(c) A vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length carrying not more than 12 passengers, with ventilation installations in accordance with ABYC Project H–32, “Ventilation of Boats Using Diesel Fuel,” will be considered as meeting the requirements of this section.
§ 182.480 Flammable vapor detection systems.
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(a) A flammable vapor detection system required by §182.410(c) must meet UL Standard 1110, “Marine Combustible Gas Indicators,” or be approved by an independent laboratory.
(b) Procedures for checking the proper operation of a flammable vapor detection system must be posted at the primary operating station. The system must be self-monitoring and include a ground fault indication alarm.
(c) A flammable vapor detection system must be operational for 30 seconds prior to engine startup and continue sensing the entire time the engine is running.
(d) A flammable vapor detection system must provide a visual and audible alarm at the operating station.
(e) A sensor must be located above the expected bilge water level in the following locations:
(1) The lowest part of a machinery space;
(2) The lowest part of a space containing a fuel tank when separate from the machinery space; and
(3) Any other location when required by the cognizant OCMI.
(f) A flammable vapor detection system must be installed so as to permit calibration in a vapor free atmosphere.
(g) Electrical connections, wiring, and components for a flammable vapor detection system must comply with part 183 of this chapter.
(h) An operation and maintenance manual for the flammable vapor detection system must be kept onboard.
Subpart E—Bilge and Ballast Systems
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§ 182.500 General.
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(a) A vessel must be provided with a satisfactory arrangement for draining any watertight compartment, other than small buoyancy compartments, under all practicable conditions. Sluice valves are not permitted in watertight bulkheads.
(b) A vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length carrying not more than 12 passengers may meet the requirements of ABYC Project H–22, “DC Electric Bilge Pumps Operating Under 50 Volts,” in lieu of the requirements of this subpart, provided that each watertight compartment, other than small buoyancy compartments and the compartment forward of the collision bulkhead, is provided with a means for dewatering.
(c) Special consideration may be given to vessels, such as high speed craft, which have a high degree of subdivision and utilize numerous small buoyancy compartments. Where the probability of flooding of the space is limited to external hull damage, compartment drainage may be omitted provided it can be shown by stability calculations, submitted to the cognizant OCMI, that the safety of the vessel will not be impaired.
§ 182.510 Bilge piping system.
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(a) A vessel of at least 7.9 meters (26 feet) in length must be provided with individual bilge lines and bilge suctions for each watertight compartment, except that the space forward of the collision bulkhead need not be fitted with a bilge suction line when the arrangement of the vessel is such that ordinary leakage may be removed from this compartment by the use of a hand portable bilge pump or other equipment, and such equipment is provided.
(b) A bilge pipe in a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must be not less than 25 millimeters (1 inch) nominal pipe size. A bilge pipe in a vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must be not less than 40 millimeters (1.5 inches) nominal pipe size. A bilge suction must be fitted with a suitable strainer having an open area not less than three times the area of the bilge pipe.
(c) Except when individual pumps are provided for separate spaces, individual bilge suction lines must be led to a central control point or manifold and provided with a stop valve at the control point or manifold and a check valve at some accessible point in the bilge line. A stop-check valve located at a control point or manifold will meet the requirements for both a stop valve and a check valve.
(d) A bilge pipe piercing the collision bulkhead must be fitted with a screw-down valve located on the forward side of the collision bulkhead and operable from the weather deck, or, if it is readily accessible under service conditions, a screw-down valve without a reach rod may be fitted to the bilge line on the after side of the collision bulkhead.
§ 182.520 Bilge pumps.
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(a) A vessel must be provided with bilge pumps in accordance with Table 182.520(a). A second power pump is an acceptable alternative to a hand pump if it is supplied by a source of power independent of the first power bilge pump. Individual power pumps used for separate spaces are to be controlled from a central control point and must have a light or other visual means at the control point to indicate operation.
Table 182.520(a)
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Min. capacity required
Number of passengers Length of vessel Bilge pumps required per pump ltrs/min (gal/
min)
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Any number.................... More than 19.8 m (65 ft).. 2 fixed power pumps...... 190 LPM
(50 GPM).
More than 49 passengers and Not more than 19.8 m (65 1 fixed power pump and... 95 LPM (25 GPM).
all ferry vessels. ft).
1 portable hand pump..... 38 LPM (10 GPM).
Not more than 49 passengers 7.9 m, 26 feet up to 19.8 1 fixed power pump and 1 38 LPM (10 GPM).
(Other than ferry vessels). m (65 ft). portable hand pump or.
1 fixed hand pump and.... 38 LPM (10 GPM).
1 portable hand pump..... 19 LPM (5 GPM).
Less than 7.9 m (26 ft)... 1 portable hand pump..... 19 LPM (5 GPM).
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(b) A portable hand bilge pump must be:
(1) Capable of pumping water, but not necessarily simultaneously, from all watertight compartments; and
(2) Provided with suitable suction hose capable of reaching the bilge of each watertight compartment and discharging overboard.
(c) Each fixed power bilge pump must be self priming. It may be driven off the main engine or other source of power. It must be permanently connected to the bilge manifold and may also be connected to the fire main. If of sufficient capacity, a power bilge pump may also serve as a fire pump.
(d) Where two fixed power bilge pumps are installed, they must be driven by different sources of power. If one pump is driven off the main engine in a single propulsion engine installation, the other must be independently driven. In a twin propulsion engine installation, each pump may be driven off a different propulsion engine.
(e) A submersible electric bilge pump may be used as a power bilge pump required by Table 182.520(a) only on a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length carrying not more than 49 passengers, other than a ferry, provided that:
(1) The pump is listed by Underwriters' Laboratories Inc. or another independent laboratory;
(2) The pump is used to dewater not more than one watertight compartment;
(3) The pump is permanently mounted;
(4) The pump is equipped with a strainer that can be readily inspected and cleaned without removal;
(5) The pump discharge line is suitably supported;
(6) The opening in the hull for the pump discharge is placed as high above the waterline as possible;
(7) A positive shutoff valve is installed at the hull penetration; and
(8) The capacity of the electrical system, including wiring, and size and number of batteries, is designed to allow all bilge pumps to be operated simultaneously.
(f) A flexible tube or hose may be used instead of fixed pipe for the discharge line of a submersible electric bilge pump provided the hose or tube does not penetrate any required watertight bulkheads and is:
(1) Of good quality and of substantial construction, suitable for the intended use; and
(2) Highly resistant to salt water, petroleum oil, heat, and vibration.
(g) If a fixed hand pump is used to comply with Table 182.520(a), it must be permanently connected to the bilge system.
(h) On a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length, a power driven fire pump required by §181.300 of this chapter may serve as a fixed power bilge pump required by this subpart, provided it has the minimum flow rate required by Table 182.520(a).
(i) On a vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length, a power driven fire pump required by §181.300 of this subchapter may serve as one of the two fixed power bilge pumps required by this subpart, provided:
(1) The bilge and fire pump systems are interconnected;
(2) The dedicated bilge pump is capable of pumping the bilges at the same time the fire/bilge pump charges the firemain; and
(3) Stop valves and check valves are installed in the piping to isolate the systems during simultaneous operation and prevent possible flooding through the bilge system.
(j) A catamaran vessel must be equipped with bilge pumps for each hull, as if each hull is a separate vessel, in accordance with Table 182.520(a), except where:
(1) One dedicated pump is located in each hull;
(2) Each dedicated pump is driven by an independent source of power; and
(3) The bilge system is permanently cross connected between hulls.
[CGD 85–080, 61 FR 986, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996, as amended by CGD 97–057, 62 FR 51050, Sept. 30, 1997; CGD 85–080, 62 FR 51358, Sept. 30, 1997]
§ 182.530 Bilge high level alarms.
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(a) On a vessel of at least 7.9 meters (26 feet) in length, a visual and audible alarm must be provided at the operating station to indicate a high water level in each of the following normally unmanned spaces:
(1) A space with a through-hull fitting below the deepest load waterline, such as a lazarette;
(2) A machinery space bilge, bilge well, shaft alley bilge, or other spaces subject to flooding from sea water piping within the space; and
(3) A space with a non-watertight closure, such as a space with a non-watertight hatch on the main deck.
(b) Vessels constructed of wood must, in addition to paragraph (a), provide bilge level alarms in all watertight compartments except small buoyancy chambers.
(c) A visual indicator must be provided at the operating station to indicate when any automatic bilge pump is operating.
§ 182.540 Ballast systems.
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(a) Ballast piping must not be installed in any compartment integral with the hull of a wooden vessel. Where the carriage of liquid ballast in such a vessel is necessary, suitable ballast tanks, structurally independent of the hull, must be provided.
(b) Solid and water ballast must comply with the requirements of part 178 of this subchapter.
Subpart F—Steering Systems
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§ 182.600 General.
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A self-propelled vessel must comply with the provisions of this subpart.
§ 182.610 Main steering gear.
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(a) A vessel must be provided with a main steering gear that is:
(1) Of adequate strength and capable of steering the vessel at all service speeds;
(2) Designed to operate at maximum astern speed without being damaged or jammed; and
(3) Capable of moving the rudder from 35 degrees on one side to 30 degrees on the other side in not more than 28 seconds with the vessel moving ahead at maximum service speed.
(b) Control of the main steering gear, including control of any necessary associated devices (motor, pump, valve, etc.), must be provided from the operating station.
(c) The main steering gear must be designed so that transfer from the main steering gear or control to the auxiliary means of steering required by §182.620 can be achieved rapidly. Any tools or equipment necessary to make the transfer must be readily available.
(d) The operating station must be arranged to permit the person steering to have the best possible all around vision.
(e) Strong and effective rudder stops must be provided to prevent jamming and damage to the rudder and its fittings. These stops may be structural or internal to the main steering gear.
(f) In addition to meeting the requirements of paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section, a vessel with a power driven main steering gear must be provided with the following:
(1) A disconnect switch located in the steering compartment, and instantaneous short circuit protection for electrical power and control circuits sized and located in accordance with §58.25–55(d) of this chapter. Overload protection is prohibited;
(2) An independent rudder angle indicator at the operating station;
(3) An arrangement that automatically resumes operation, without reset, when power is restored after a power failure;
(4) A manual means to center and steady the rudder(s) in an emergency; and
(5) A limit switch to stop the steering gear before its reaches the rudder stops required by paragraph (e) of this section.
(g) In addition to meeting the requirements of paragraphs (a) through (f) of this section, a vessel more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length with a power driven main steering gear must be provided with the following:
(1) A visual means, located at the operating station, to indicate operation of the power units; and
(2) Instructions for transfer procedures from the main steering gear or control to the auxiliary means of steering required by §182.620, posted at the location where the transfer is carried out.
[CGD 85–080, 61 FR 986, Jan. 10, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 51358, Sept. 30, 1997]
§ 182.620 Auxiliary means of steering.
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(a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, a vessel must be provided with an auxiliary means of steering that is:
(1) Of adequate strength;
(2) Capable of moving the rudder from 15 degrees on one side to 15 degrees on the other side in not more than 60 seconds with the vessel at one-half its maximum service speed ahead, or 7 knots, whichever is greater; and
(3) Controlled from a location that permits safe maneuvering of the vessel and does not expose the person operating the auxiliary means of steering to personnel hazards during normal or heavy weather operation.
(b) A suitable hand tiller may be acceptable as the auxiliary means of steering where satisfactory to the cognizant OCMI.
(c) An auxiliary means of steering need not be provided if:
(1) The main steering gear and its controls are provided in duplicate;
(2) Multiple screw propulsion, with independent pilothouse control for each screw, is provided, and the vessel is capable of being steered using pilothouse control;
(3) No regular rudder is fitted and steering action is obtained by a change of setting of the propelling unit; or
(4) Where a rudder and hand tiller are the main steering gear.
[CGD 85–080, 61 FR 986, Jan. 10, 1996, as amended by CGD 97–057, 62 FR 51050, Sept. 30, 1997]
Subpart G—Piping Systems
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§ 182.700 General.
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Materials used in piping systems must meet the requirements of this subpart and be otherwise acceptable to the cognizant OCMI.
§ 182.710 Piping for vital systems.
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(a) Vital systems are those systems that are vital to a vessel's survivability and safety. For the purpose of this part the following are vital systems:
(1) Fuel system;
(2) Fire main;
(3) CO2 and Halon systems;
(4) Bilge system;
(5) Steering system;
(6) Propulsion system and its necessary auxiliaries and controls;
(7) Ship's service and emergency electrical generation system and its necessary auxiliaries; and
(8) A marine engineering system identified by the cognizant OCMI as being crucial to the survival of the vessel or to the protection of the personnel on board.
(b) For the purpose of this part, a system not identified in paragraph (a) of this section is a non-vital system.
(c) Piping used in a vital system must:
(1) Be composed of ferrous materials except when:
(i) Nonmetallic piping materials are permitted by §182.720; or
(ii) Nonferrous metallic piping materials are permitted by §182.730; and
(2) If subject to a pressure of more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig), be designed, fabricated, and inspected in accordance with the principles of American National Standards Institute (ANSI) B 31.1, “Code for Pressure Piping, Power Piping,” or other standard specified by the Commandant.
§ 182.715 Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig) in non-vital systems.
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Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig) in a non-vital system must be designed, fabricated, and inspected in accordance with the principles of ANSI B 31.1, or other industry standard acceptable to the Commandant.
§ 182.720 Nonmetallic piping materials.
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(a) Rigid nonmetallic materials (plastic) may be used only in non-vital systems and in accordance with paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section.
(b) Flexible nonmetallic materials (hose) may be used in vital and non-vital systems where permitted by paragraph (e) of this section.
(c) Nonmetallic piping must not be used in gasoline or diesel fuel systems. Flexible nonmetallic materials (hose) may be used where permitted by paragraph (e) of this section.
(d) Where rigid nonmetallic material (plastic) is permitted for use in piping systems by this section, the following restrictions apply:
(1) Penetrations of required watertight decks and bulkheads by any rigid plastic pipe are prohibited unless the following requirements are met:
(i) Each penetration must be accomplished using an acceptable metallic through deck or through bulkhead fitting that is welded or otherwise attached to the bulkhead or deck by an accepted method; and
(ii) One or more metallic shutoff valves must be installed adjacent to the fitting in one of the following ways:
(A) Only one metallic shutoff valve must be installed if it is operable from above the bulkhead deck;
(B) If two metallic shutoff valves are installed, one on either side of the bulkhead, they need not be operable from above the bulkhead deck provided immediate access to both is possible; or
(C) Where both plastic and metallic materials are used in piping that penetrates a bulkhead, and the two materials exist entirely on opposite sides of the bulkhead, a metallic shutoff valve must be installed at the bulkhead in the metallic part of the system, with the valve being capable of operation from above the bulkhead deck, or locally if immediate access is possible;
(2) Protection from mechanical damage must be specifically considered and all protective covering or shields must be installed to the satisfaction of the cognizant OCMI;
(3) Through hull fittings and shutoff valves must be metallic. In the case of nonmetallic hulls, materials that will afford an equal degree of safety and heat resistivity as that afforded by the hull may be approved; and
(4) The material specification must show that the rigid nonmetallic material possesses characteristics adequate for its intended service and environment and must be approved for use by the cognizant OCMI.
(e) Where flexible nonmetallic hose is permitted for use in piping systems by this section, it must meet SAE Standard J–1942, “Hose and Hose Assemblies for Marine Applications,” or be specifically approved by the Commandant. The following restrictions apply:
(1) Flexible nonmetallic hose must be complete with factory-assembled end fittings requiring no further adjustment of the fittings on the hose, or field attachable type fittings may be used. Hose end fittings must comply with SAE J–1475, “Hydraulic Hose Fittings For Marine Applications.”Field attachable fittings must be installed following the manufacturer's recommended practice. If special equipment is required, such as crimping machines, it must be of the type and design specified by the manufacturer. If field attachable type fittings are used, each hose assembly must be individually hydrostatically tested to twice the maximum operating pressure of the system;
(2) Flexible nonmetallic hose may be used in non-vital water and pneumatic systems, subject to the limitations of paragraph (d)(1) through (d)(4) of this section. Unreinforced hoses are limited to a maximum service pressure of 349 kPa (50 psig), reinforced hoses are limited to a maximum service pressure of 1,034 kPa (150 psig); and
(3) Flexible nonmetallic hose may be used in lube oil, fuel oil and fluid power systems, subject to the following requirements:
(i) Flexible hose may only be used at a pressure not to exceed the manufacturer's rating and must have a high resistance to saltwater, petroleum oils, and vibration;
(ii) Flexible hose runs must be visible, easily accessible, protected from mechanical damage, and must not penetrate watertight decks or bulkheads;
(iii) Flexible hose must be fabricated with an inner tube and a cover of synthetic rubber or other suitable material reinforced with wire braid;
(iv) Flexible hose used for alcohol-gasoline blend fuels must meet the permeability requirements specified in 33 CFR part 183, subpart J; and
(v) For the purpose of flexibility only, flexible hose installed in lengths of not more than 760 millimeters (30 inches) and subject to pressures of not more than 35 kPa (5 psig), may meet the following requirements:
(A) Suitable compression type connection fittings may be accepted;
(B) Flexible hose designed for use with hose clamps may be installed with two clamps, at both ends of the hose, which:
(1) Do not rely on the spring tension of the clamp for compressive force; and
(2) Are installed beyond the bead or flare or over the serrations of the mating spud, pipe, or hose fitting; and
(C) USCG Type A1, A2, B1, or B2 flexible hose may be accepted in accordance with 33 CFR part 183, subpart J.
[CGD 85–080, 61 FR 986, Jan. 10, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 51358, Sept. 30, 1997]
§ 182.730 Nonferrous metallic piping materials.
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(a) Nonferrous metallic piping materials are acceptable for use in the following:
(1) Non-vital systems;
(2) Aluminum fuel piping, if of a minimum of Schedule 80 wall thickness on an aluminum hulled vessel;
(3) Aluminum bilge, ballast, and firemain piping on an aluminum hulled vessel;
(4) If acceptable to the cognizant OCMI, nonferrous metallic piping with a melting temperature above 927° C (1,700° F) may be used in vital systems that are deemed to be galvanically compatible; and
(5) Other uses specifically accepted by the cognizant OCMI.
(b) Where nonferrous metallic material is permitted for use in piping systems by this subpart, the restrictions in this paragraph apply:
(1) Provisions must be made to protect piping systems using aluminum alloys in high risk fire areas due to the low melting point of aluminum alloys;
(2) Provisions must be made to prevent or mitigate the effect of galvanic corrosion due to the relative solution potentials of copper, aluminum, and alloys of copper and aluminum, which are used in conjunction with each other, steel, or other metals and their alloys;
(3) A suitable thread compound must be used in making up threaded joints in aluminum pipe to prevent seizing. Pipe in the annealed temper must not be threaded;
(4) The use of aluminum alloys with a copper content exceeding 0.6 percent is prohibited; and
(5) The use of cast aluminum alloys in hydraulic fluid power systems must be in accordance with the requirements of §58.30–15(f) in subchapter F of this chapter.