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(continued)
(b) [Reserved]
Subpart 160.023—Hand Combination Flare and Smoke Distress Signals
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Source: CGD 76–048a and 76–048b, 44 FR 73070, Dec. 17, 1979, unless otherwise noted.
§ 160.023-1 Incorporation by reference.
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(a) The following are incorporated by reference into this subpart:
(1) Military specifications MIL-S-18655 C, 3 May 1971—Signal, Smoke and Illumination, Marine, Mark 13, Mod 0.
(b) The military specification may be obtained from Customer Service, Naval Publications and Forms Center, 5801 Tabor Avenue, Philadelphia, PA. 19120 (tel: (215)697–2000). This specification is also on file in the Federal Register library.
(c) Approval to incorporate by reference the materials listed in this section was obtained from the Director of the Federal Register on November 1, 1979.
§ 160.023-2 Type.
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(a) Hand combination flare and smoke distress signals specified by this subpart shall be of the type described in specification MIL-S-18655.
(b) [Reserved]
§ 160.023-3 Materials, workmanship, construction, and performance requirements.
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(a) The materials, construction, workmanship, general and detail requirements shall conform to the requirements of specification MIL-S-18655, except as otherwise specifically provided by this subpart.
(b) [Reserved]
§ 160.023-4 Approval and production tests.
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(a) Approval tests. The approval tests are those tests prescribed for the preproduction sample in MIL-S-18655. The approval tests must be conducted by an independent laboratory accepted by the Commandant under §159.010 of this chapter.
(b) Production inspections and tests. Production inspections and tests of each lot of signals produced must be conducted under the procedures in §159.007 of this chapter. Signals from a rejected lot must not be represented as meeting this subpart or as being approved by the Coast Guard. If the manufacturer identifies the cause of the rejection of a lot of signals, the signals in the lot may be reworked by the manufacturer to correct the problem. Samples from the rejected lot must be retested in order to be accepted. Records shall be kept of the reasons for rejection, the reworking performed on the rejected lot, and the results of the second test.
(1) Inspections and tests by the manufacturer. The manufacturer's quality control procedures must include inspection of materials entering into construction of the signals and inspection of the finished signals, to determine that signals are being produced in accordance with the approved plans. The manufacturer must select samples from each lot and test them as specified in the production lot procedures in MIL-S-18655.
(2) Inspections and tests by an independent laboratory. An independent laboratory accepted by the Commandant under §159.010 of this chapter must perform or supervise the inspections and tests under paragraph (b)(1) of this section at least 4 times a year, unless the number of lots is less than four. The inspections and tests must occur at least once during each quarterly period, unless no lots are produced during this period. If less than four lots are produced, the laboratory must perform or supervise the inspection and testing of each lot. If a lot of signals tested by the independent laboratory is rejected, the laboratory must perform or supervise the inspections and tests of the reworked lot and the next lot of signals produced. The tests of each reworked lot and the next lot produced must not be counted for the purpose of meeting the requirement for the annual number of inspections and tests performed or supervised by the independent laboratory.
§ 160.023-5 Labeling and marking.
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(a) Labeling. A label showing firing instructions in accordance with specification MIL-S-18655, and to include the commercial designation of the signal, the lot number, Coast Guard approval number, the service life expiration date (month and year to be inserted by the manufacturer), and month and year of manufacture, shall be applied in a neat, workmanlike manner after the paint has become thoroughly dry. The label shall be attached to the signal and then protected by a transparent moisture impervious coating.
(b) Marking of expiration date. The expiration date must be not more than 42 months from the date of manufacture.
(c) Other marking. (1) In addition to any other marking placed on the smallest packing carton or box containing signals, such cartons or boxes shall be plainly and indelibly marked to show the service life expiration date, the date of manufacture, and the lot number.
(2) The largest carton or box in which the manufacturer ships signals must be marked with the following or equivalent words: “Keep under cover in a dry place.”
Note: Compliance with the labeling requirements of this section does not relieve the manufacturer of the responsibility of complying with the label requirements of 15 U.S.C. 1263, the Federal Hazardous Substances Act.
§ 160.023-6 Container.
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(a) General. The container for storing the signals on lifeboats and liferafts is not required to be of a special design or be approved by the Coast Guard. The container must meet the requirements in Subpart 160.021 (§160.021–6) except that the wording on the container must be: “HAND COMBINATION FLARE AND SMOKE DISTRESS SIGNALS.”
(b) [Reserved]
§ 160.023-7 Procedure for approval.
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(a) Signals are approved by the Coast Guard under the procedures in subpart 159.005 of this chapter.
(b) [Reserved]
Subpart 160.024—Pistol-Projected Parachute Red Flare Distress Signals
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Source: CGD 76–048a and 76–048b, 44 FR 73071, Dec. 17, 1979, unless otherwise noted.
§ 160.024-1 Incorporation by reference.
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(a) The following is incorporated by reference into this subpart:
(1) “The Universal Color Language” and “The Color Names Dictionary” in Color: Universal Language and Dictionary of Names, National Bureau of Standards Special Publication 440, Dictionary 1976.
(b) NBS Special Publication 440 may be obtained by ordering from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 (Order by SD Catalog No. C13.10:440).
(c) Approval to incorporate by reference the publication listed in this section was obtained from the Director of the Federal Register on November 1, 1979. The publication is on file at the Federal Register Library.
§ 160.024-2 Type.
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(a) Pistol-projected parachute red flare distress signals specified by this subpart shall be of one type which shall consist essentially of a cartridge having centered primer, propelling charge, and projectile consisting of a case, delay element, expelling charge, and pyrotechnic candle attached to a parachute by shroud lines; the cartridge to be of such dimensions that it can be fitted into and fired from a signal pistol with chamber and bore dimensions within the limits provided by Figure 160.028–2(a) of subpart 160.028 of this chapter.
(b) [Reserved]
§ 160.024-3 Materials, workmanship, construction, and performance requirements.
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(a) Materials. The materials used in pistol-projected parachute red flare distress signals shall conform strictly to the specifications and drawings submitted by the manufacturer and approved by the Commandant. In general, all metallic parts shall be corrosion-resistant or properly protected against corrosion.
(b) Workmanship. Pistol-projected parachute red flare distress signals shall be of first class workmanship and shall be free from imperfections of manufacture affecting their appearance or that may affect their serviceability.
(c) Construction. The exterior case of the cartridge shall be made of suitable metal and shall protect against the entrance of moisture. The projectile case and delay element shall be so constructed as to prevent any possibility of the propelling charge blowing by and causing premature ejection of the projectile contents. The shoulder of the base of the cartridge shall be between 2.29 mm (0.090 in.) and 2.67 mm (0.015 in.) in thickness. The centered primer shall be set below the surface of the base between 0.25 mm (0.010 in.) and 0.50 mm (0.020 in.).
(d) Performance. Signals shall meet all of the inspection and test requirements contained in §160.024–4.
§ 160.024-4 Approval and production tests.
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(a) Approval tests. The manufacturer must produce a lot of at least 100 signals from which samples must be taken for testing for approval under §160.024–7. The approval tests are the operational tests and technical tests in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section. The approval tests must be conducted by an independent laboratory accepted by the Commandant under §159.010 of this chapter.
(b) Production inspections and tests. Production inspections and tests of each lot of signals produced must be conducted under the procedures in §159.007 of this chapter. Signals from a rejected lot must not be represented as meeting this subpart or as being approved by the Coast Guard. If the manufacturer identifies the cause of the rejection of a lot of signals, the signals in the lot may be reworked by the manufacturer to correct the problem. Samples from the rejected lot must be retested in order to be accepted. Records shall be kept of the reasons for rejection, the reworking performed on the rejected lot, and the results of the second test.
(1) Lot size. For the purposes of sampling the production of signals, a lot must consist of not more than 30,000 signals. Lots must be numbered serially by the manufacturer. A new lot must be started with: (i) Any change in construction details, (ii) any change in sources of raw materials, or (iii) the start of production on a new production line or on a previously discontinued production line.
(2) Inspections and tests by the manufacturer. The manufacturer's quality control procedures must include inspection of materials entering into construction of the signals and inspection of the finished signals, to determine that signals are being produced in accordance with the approved plans. Samples from each lot must be tested in accordance with the operational tests in paragraph (c) of this section.
(3) Inspections and tests by an independent laboratory. An independent laboratory accepted by the Commandant under §159.010 of this chapter must perform or supervise the inspections and tests under paragraph (b)(2) of this section at least 4 times a year, unless the number of lots produced in a year is less than four. The inspections and tests must occur at least once during each quarterly period, unless no lots are produced during this period. If less than four lots are produced, the laboratory must perform or supervise the inspection and testing of each lot. In addition, the laboratory must perform or supervise the technical tests in paragraph (d) of this section at least once for every ten lots of signals produced, except that the number of technical tests must be at least one but not more than four per year. If a lot of signals tested by the independent laboratory is rejected, the laboratory must perform or supervise the inspections and tests of the reworked lot and the next lot of signals produced. The tests of each reworked lot and the next lot produced must not be counted for the purpose of meeting the requirement for the annual number of inspections and tests performed or supervised by the independent laboratory.
(c) Operational tests. Each lot of signals must be sampled and tested as follows:
(1) Sampling procedure and accept/reject criteria. A sample of signals must be selected at random from the lot. The size of the sample must be the individual sample size in Table 160.024–4(c)(1) corresponding to the lot size. Each signal in the sample is tested as prescribed in the test procedure in paragraph (c)(2) of this section. Each signal that has a defect listed in the table of defects. (Table 160.024–4(c)(2)) is assigned a score (failure percent) in accordance with the table. In the case of multiple defects, only the score having the highest numerical value is assigned to that signal. If the sum of all the failure percents (cumulative failure percent) for the number of units in the sample is less than or equal to the accept criterion, the lot is accepted. If this sum is equal to or more than the reject criterion the lot is rejected. If the cumulative failure percent falls between the accept and reject criteria, another sample is selected from the production lot and the operational tests are repeated. The cumulative failure percent of each sample tested is added to that of the previous samples to obtain the cumulative failure percent for all the signals tested (cumulative sample size). Additional samples are tested and the tests repeated until either the accept or reject criterion for the cumulative sample size is met. If any signal in the sample explodes when fired or ignites in a way that could burn or otherwise injure the person firing it, the lot is rejected without further testing. (This procedure is diagrammed in figure 160.024–4(c).)
(2) Test procedure. Each sample signal (specimen) must be tested as follows:
(i) Conditioning of test specimens—water resistance. Immerse specimen horizontally with uppermost portion of the signal approximately 25 mm (1 in.) below the surface of the water for a period of 24 hours.
(ii) Firing and operating characteristics. Signals shall fire and operate satisfactorily when shot from a pistol of the type described in subpart 160.028. The parachute and pyrotechnic candle shall be ejected at approximately the maximum altitude reached by the projectile case. The parachute shall open and properly suspend the pyrotechnic candle without fouling. The pyrotechnic candle shall burn with uniform intensity and without damaging the parachute, shrouds, or leader line.
(iii) Altitude. The altitude reached by a signal is considered to be the height at which the parachute and pyrotechnic candle are ejected from the projectile case, as determined by visual observation against an object of known height, such as a tower or ballon, or by triangulation from two or more points of observation, or by other method satisfactory to the Commandant. The altitude reached shall be not less than 45 m (150 ft.).
(iv) Rate of descent. The rate of descent of a signal is considered to be the calculated average rate obtained by dividing the altitude by the time of descent to the surface. The rate of descent shall not exceed 1.8 m (6 ft.) per second.
(v) Burning time. The burning time of the pyrotechnic candle shall be obtained by stop watch measurement from the time distinct, sustained flame is emitted until it ceases. The burning time shall be not less than 30 seconds.
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Table 160.024-4(c)(1)_Accept and Reject Criteria for Operational Test Lots.
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Individual Cumulative
Lot size sample Sample sample Accept\1\ Reject\1\
size size
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280 or 8 First................. 8 (\2\) 400
less. .......... Second................ 16 100 500
Third................. 24 200 600
Fourth................ 32 300 700
Fifth................. 40 500 800
Sixth................. 48 700 900
Seventh............... 56 950 951
281 to 13 First................. 13 0 400
500. .......... Second................ 26 100 600
Third................. 39 300 800
Fourth................ 52 500 1,000
Fifth................. 65 700 1,100
Sixth................. 78 1,000 1,200
Seventh............... 91 1,350 1,351
501 to 20 First................. 20 0 500
1,200. .......... Second................ 40 300 800
Third................. 60 600 1,000
Fourth................ 80 800 1,300
Fifth................. 100 1,100 1,500
Sixth................. 120 1,400 1,700
Seventh............... 140 1,850 1,851
1,201 to 32 First................. 32 100 700
3,200. .......... Second................ 64 400 1,000
Third................. 96 800 1,300
Fourth................ 128 1,200 1,700
Fifth................. 160 1,700 2,000
Sixth................. 192 2,100 2,300
Seventh............... 224 2,550 2,551
More 50 First................. 50 200 900
than .......... Second................ 100 700 1,400
3,201. .......... Third................. 150 1,300 1,900
Fourth................ 200 1,900 2,500
Fifth................. 250 2,500 2,900
Sixth................. 300 3,100 3,300
Seventh............... 350 3,750 3,751
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\1\ Cumulative failure percent.
\2\ Lot may not be accepted. Next sample must be tested.
Table 160.024-4(c)(2)
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Percentage
Kind of defect of failure
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a. Failure to fire (when attributable to the primer and not 100
to the malfunction of the pistol).........................
b. Failure to eject projectile contents.................... 100
c. Failure to ignite pyrotechnic candle.................... 75
d. Failure of parachute to open completely................. 75
e. Complete carrying away or destruction of parachute...... 75
f. Altitude less than 70 pct of that required.............. 100
g. Altitude at least 70 pct but less than 80 pct of that 75
required..................................................
h. Altitude at least 80 pct but less than 90 pct of that 50
required..................................................
i. Altitude at least 90 pct but less than 100 pct of that 25
required..................................................
j. Average rate of descent greater than 4 times maximum 100
permitted.................................................
k. Average rate of descent less than 4 but greater than 3 75
times maximum permitted...................................
l. Average rate of descent less than 3 but greater than 2 50
times maximum permitted...................................
m. Average rate of descent less than twice but greater than 25
maximum permitted.........................................
n. Burning time less than 70 pct of that required.......... 100
o. Burning time at least 70 pct but less than 80 pct of 75
that required.............................................
p. Burning time at least 80 pct but less than 90 pct of 50
that required.............................................
q. Burning time at least 90 pct but less than 100 pct of 25
that required.............................................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(d) Technical tests. Three signals must be subjected to each of the following tests. Two of the three signals must pass each test in order for the lot of signals to be accepted.
(1) Luminous intensity. The luminous intensity of each pyrotechnic candle tested shall be measured by a visual photometer or equivalent photometric device while the specimen is supported in a horizontal position and the photometer is at right angles to the axis of the specimen. Visual luminous intensity readings shall be observed and recorded at approximately 5-second intervals during the burning of the specimen. The minimum photometric distance shall be 3 m (10 ft.). Recording photometers shall have a chart speed of at least 10 cm (4 in.) per minute. The luminous intensity of the specimen shall be computed as the arithmetical average of the readings recorded. The average luminous intensity of a specimen shall be not less than 20,000 candela.
(2) Elevated temperature, humidity, and storage. Place specimen in a thermostatically controlled even-temperature oven held at 75 °C. with not less than 90 percent relative humidity for 72 hours. Remove specimen and store at room temperature (20° to 25 °C.) with approximately 65 percent relative humidity for 10 days. If for any reason it is not possible to operate the oven continuously for the 72-hour period, it may be operated at the required temperature and humidity for 8 hours out of each 24 during the 72-hour conditioning period. (Total of 24 hours on and 48 hours off.) The signal shall not ignite or decompose during this conditioning. The signal shall fire and operate satisfactorily following this conditioning.
(3) Spontaneous ignition. Place the specimen in a thermostatically controlled even-temperature oven held at 75 °C. with not more than 10% relative humidity for 48 consecutive hours. The signal shall not ignite or undergo marked decomposition.
(4) Chromaticity. The color of the burning signal must be vivid red as defined by Sections 13 and 14 of the “Color Names Dictionary.” Two identical test plates of white cardboard about 30 cm × 60 cm (12&inch; × 24&inch;) are used. Except for a negligible amount of stray daylight, the first test plate is illuminated by light from the specimen placed at a distance of about 1.5 cm (5 ft.). The second test plate is illuminated only by light from an incandescent lamp operated at a color temperature close to 2,848° K at a distance of about 30 cm (1 ft.). The first plate is viewed directly, the second through combinations of lovibond red, yellow, and blue glasses selected so as to approximate a chromaticity match. By separating the test plates by a wide unilluminated area (subtending at the observer about 45°), it is possible to make accurate determinations of chromaticity in terms of the 1931 CIE Standard Observer and Coordinate System, in spite of fluctuations in luminous intensity of the specimen by factors as high as 2 or 3. The CIE coordinates are converted to the Munsell notation which is cross-referenced to the color name in Section 13 of the “Color Names Dictionary” (see the discussion in section 10 of “the Universal Color Language”).
§ 160.024-5 Marking.
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(a) Cartridge. Each pistol-projected parachute red flare distress signal shall be legibly marked as follows:
Pistol-Projected Parachute Red Flare Distress Signal
20,000 candela—30 seconds burning time
use only when aircraft or vessel is sighted directions—Fire upward from signal pistol
Service Life Expiration Date (date to be inserted by manufacturer) (Month and year manufactured) Lot No.___
Manufactured by (Name and address of manufacturer)
U.S. COAST GUARD APPROVAL NO.___.
(b) Marking of expiration date. The expiration date must be not more than 42 months from the date of manufacture.
(c) Other marking. (1) On each pistol-projected parachute red flare distress signal there shall be die-stamped, in figures not less than 3mm ( 1/8 in.) high, on the cartridge, numbers indicating the month and year of manufacture, thus: “6–54” indicating June 1954.
(2) The pyrotechnic candle shall be legibly marked with the month and year of manufacture.
(3) In addition to any other marking placed on the smallest packing carton or box containing cartridges, each carton or box shall be plainly and permanently marked to show the service life expiration date, the date of manufacture, and the lot number.
(4) The largest carton or box in which the manufacturer ships signals must be marked with the following or equivalent words: “Keep under cover in a dry place.”
Note: Compliance with the labeling requirements of this section does not relieve the manufacturer of the responsibility of complying with the label requirements of 15 U.S.C. 1263, the Federal Hazardous Substances Act.
§ 160.024-7 Procedure for approval.
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(a) Signals are approved by the Coast Guard under the procedures in subpart 159.005 of this chapter.
(b) [Reserved]
Subpart 160.026—Water, Emergency Drinking (In Hermetically Sealed Containers), for Merchant Vessels
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§ 160.026-1 Applicable specifications and standard.
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(a) General. The following specifications and standard, of the issue in effect on the date emergency drinking water is packed, form a part of this subpart:
(1) Military specifications:
MIL-L-7178—Lacquer; cellulose nitrate, gloss for aircraft use.
MIL-E-15090—Enamel, equipment, light-gray (Formula No. 111).
MIL-W-15117—Water, drinking, canned, emergency.
(2) U.S. Public Health Service:
Drinking Water Standards (Publication No. 956).
(b) Copies on file. Copies of the specifications referred to in this section shall be kept on file by the packer, together with the approved plans and certificate of approval issued by the Coast Guard. The military specifications may be obtained from the Commanding Officer, Naval Supply Depot, 5801 Tabor Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa., 19120. The “Drinking Water Standards” may be obtained from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Washington, DC, 20201.
[CGFR 65–9, 30 FR 11466, Sept. 8, 1965, as amended by CGD 84–064, 49 FR 34004, Aug. 28, 1984]
§ 160.026-2 Type.
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(a) Emergency drinking water for lifeboats and life rafts and its hermetically sealed container shall be as specified herein, but alternate containers will be given special consideration.
(b) [Reserved]
[CGFR 53–25, 18 FR 7865, Dec. 5, 1953]
§ 160.026-3 Container.
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(a) General. The emergency drinking water container shall be a sanitary type can, approximately 2 11/16 in diameter by 4 7/8&inch; in height. The top and bottom of the can shall be double-seamed and compound-lined. The side seam shall be of a locked type, soldered on the outside. The can shall be made of 1.25-pound coating coke tin-plate throughout, with not less than 100-pound plate for the body and 85-pound plate for the ends.
(b) Interior and exterior coatings. The interior of the container shall be uncoated, except for the tin-plating required by paragraph (a) of this section. In addition to the tin-plating, the exterior surfaces of the container, including the ends, but excluding the side seam, shall be lithographed a gray enamel conforming to Type I or II, Class 2 of Specification MIL-E-15090, with the marking as provided by §160.026–5 lithographed in black print. After filling, sealing, autoclaving, and marking, the container shall be dip-coated with one coat of clear base lacquer conforming to Specification MIL-L-7178.
(c) Plant sanitation, sterilizing and filling. The plant and equipment in which the water is canned shall be maintained in a clean and sanitary condition at all times, and standard aseptic procedures shall be followed throughout in filling the cans. The container shall be free from all foreign materials, and shall be filled with approximately 10 2/3 oz. of water meeting the requirements of §160.026–4. After filling, it shall be hermetically sealed under vacuum, and after sealing, it shall be autoclaved at a temperature of not less than 250 °F. for not less than 15 minutes.
[CGFR 53–25, 18 FR 7865, Dec. 5, 1953]
§ 160.026-4 Water.
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(a) Only water meeting the U.S. Public Health Service “Drinking Water Standards” which has been suitably inhibited to protect the container against corrosion shall be used. After treatment and packing the water shall be free from organic matter, sediment and odor. It shall have a pH between 7.0 and 9.0 as determined by means of a standard pH meter using glass electrodes.
(b) [Reserved]
[CGFR 65–9, 30 FR 11466, Sept. 8, 1965]
§ 160.026-5 Marking.
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(a) General. The month and year of packing and the lot number shall be embossed on the top of the container. The container shall also be lithographed on one side in accordance with §160.026–3(b) with the following:
“U. S. Coast Guard
Approval No. __”
(Not less than 3/22&inch; in height)
“Contents
Approx. 10 2/3 oz.”
(Not less than 3/32&inch; in height)
“EMERGENCY
DRINKING
WATER”
(Not less than 2/3&inch; in height)
(Name and address of packer)
(Not less than 1/8&inch; in height)
(b) Other marking. In addition to any other marking placed on the smallest packing carton or box in which emergency drinking water containers are placed prior to shipment, each carton or box shall be plainly and permanently marked with the name and address of the packer, the month and year of packing, and the lot number.
[CGFR 53–25, 18 FR 7865, Dec. 5, 1953]
§ 160.026-6 Sampling, inspection, and tests of production lots.
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(a) General. Containers of emergency drinking water must be tested in accordance with the provisions of this section by an independent laboratory accepted by the Coast Guard under 46 CFR 159.010.
(b) Lots. For purposes of sampling the production of approved emergency drinking water for lifeboats and life rafts, a lot shall consist of all cans of water to be offered for inspection at one time. Lots shall be numbered serially by the packer, and a new lot shall be started with any change or modification in materials or production methods.
(c) Visual inspection of containers. The independent laboratory inspector shall select at random from each lot the number of sample filled containers indicated in table 160.026–6(c), which shall be examined visually for compliance with the requirements of this subpart. If the number of defective cans exceeds the acceptance number shown in the table for the samples selected, the lot shall be rejected.
Table 160.026-6(c)_Sampling for Visual Inspection of Containers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
No. of
Lot size cans in Acceptance
sample number
------------------------------------------------------------------------
800 and under................................ 35 0
801 to 1,300................................. 50 1
1,301 to 3,200............................... 75 2
3,201 to 8,000............................... 110 3
8,001 and over............................... 150 4
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(d) Laboratory tests of containers and water. The manufacturer shall select at random from each lot the number of sets of 11 filled sample containers indicated in Table 160.026–6(d1), which shall be forwarded to an independent laboratory accepted by the Coast Guard under 46 CFR 159.010. The independent laboratory shall perform the tests outlined in Table 160.026–6(d2). If any sample is found to be non-conforming in any of these tests, the lot shall be rejected.
Table 160.026-6(d1)_Sampling for Laboratory Tests
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of sets of samples to
Lot size be selected
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3,200 and under......................... 1 set of 11 containers each.
3,201 and over.......................... 2 sets of 11 containers each.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 160.026-6(d)(2)_Description of Laboratory Tests
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference
Number of containers per set of specification for
samples to be tested Type of test test procedure to
be followed
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2............................... Internal corrosion MIL-W-15117.
and vacuum.
9............................... Bacteriological MIL-W-15117 and
limits and salt U.S. Public
content. Health ``Drinking
Water
Standards.''
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(e) Lot acceptance. When the independent laboratory is satisfied that the emergency drinking water meets the requirements of this subpart, the lot shall be accepted. When permitted by the independent laboratory, rejected lots may be resubmitted for official inspection, provided all containers in the lot have been reworked by the packer, and all defective units removed. Emergency drinking water from rejected lots may not, unless subsequently accepted, be sold or offered for sale under representation as being in compliance with this subpart or as being approved for use on merchant vessels.
[CGFR 53–25, 18 FR 7865, Dec. 5, 1953, as amended by CGFR 65–9, 30 FR 11466, Sept. 8, 1965; CGD 75–186, 41 FR 10437, Mar. 11, 1976; CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51211, Sept. 30, 1997]
§ 160.026-7 Procedure for approval.
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(a) General. Emergency drinking water for lifeboats and liferafts on merchant vessels is approved only by the Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard.
(b) Pre-approval samples and plans. Packers who desire to pack approved emergency drinking water shall have the required tests in accordance with §160.026–5 performed by an independent laboratory accepted by the Coast Guard under 46 CFR 159.010. A copy of the independent laboratory's report will be forwarded to the Commandant for examination, and, if satisfactory, an official approval number will be assigned to the manufacturer for the emergency drinking water.
[CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51211, Sept. 30, 1997]
Subpart 160.027—Life Floats for Merchant Vessels
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Source: CGD 79–167, 47 FR 41376, Sept. 20, 1982, unless otherwise noted.
§ 160.027-2 Type.
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(a) Each life float must meet the requirements in subpart 160.010 of this chapter for a peripheral body type buoyant apparatus designed so that persons supported are only partially immersed (180 N (40 lb.) of buoyancy per person required).
(b) [Reserved]
§ 160.027-3 Additional requirements for life floats.
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(a) Each life float must have a platform designed to drop through the center of the float, whichever way the life float is floating. A typical arrangement is shown in Figure 160.027–3(a).
(b) The platform must meet the requirements of one of the following paragraphs:
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(1) A lattice type platform must be of western red cedar, port orford cedar, sitka spruce, northern white pine, or southern cypress slats constructed on an oak frame. The slats must have nominal cross-section dimensions not less than 90 mm (3 5/8 in.) by 9.5 mm ( 3/8 in.). The frame members must have nominal cross-section dimensions not less than 100 mm (4 in.) by 12.5 mm ( 1/2 in.). The space between adjacent slats must not exceed the width of the slats. The space between each frame member and the adjacent slat must not exceed twice the width of the slats. The platform must be riveted together at each intersection of—
(i) Frame members,
(ii) Slats, and
(iii) Frame members and slats.
(2) A plywood platform must be made of exterior or marine type plywood with surfaces that are either “A” or “B” grade as commonly designated in the plywood industry. Holes 35 mm (1 3/8 in.) to 50 mm (2 in.) in diameter must be drilled through the platform. The number of holes must be at least the number equal to (L–25) (W–25)/225, where L is the length of the platform in cm and W is the width of the platform in cm. (The formula is (L–10)(W–10)/36 where L and W are measured in inches.) The thickness of the plywood must be at least—
(i) 12.5 mm ( 1/2 in.) for life floats of 10 persons capacity and under,
(ii) 16 mm ( 5/8 in.) for life floats between 11 and 25 persons capacity inclusive, and
(iii) 19 mm ( 3/4 in.) for life floats of 26 persons capacity and over.
(3) A platform of construction differing from that described in either (1) or (2) of this paragraph will be approved if it has holes to permit the passage of water and if it passes the tests in §160.027–7. The number of holes must be the same as required for a plywood platform. If the platform is netting on a frame, the netting must be constructed of cordage with a breaking strength of at least 1600 N (355 lb.). The netting must be constructed on not more than 5 cm (2 in.) centers and must be knotted together at each point where the lines intersect.
(c) Each platform must be of a material that is resistant to deterioration by exposure to weather or must have a surface that protects it from deterioration by exposure to weather. For a wood platform, this surface must be at least two coats of water resistant spar varnish, or two coats of marine paint.
(d) Each part of the platform, including surfaces, edges, and rivets must be smooth and must not have cutting edges, points, or splinters which would be dangerous for bare feet.
(e) The platform must be arranged so that under normal stowed conditions, it can be retained in the center of the float and can be readily released from this position for use.
(f) The platform must be suspended from the body of the float by a net or an equivalent arrangement, which when fully extended, holds the top of the platform approximately 900 mm (36 in.) below the center of the float body.
(1) The net must be constructed of cordage with a minimum breaking strength of 1600 N (355 lb.). The net must be attached to the platform through holes on centers that do not exceed 165 mm (6 1/2 in.).
(2) If the platform is suspended from the body of the float by an arrangement other than a net as described in paragraph (c)(1) of this section, the arrangement must be of equivalent to the net in terms of strength, resistance to tangling, and allowing the platform to freely pass through the center of the life float body.
§ 160.027-7 Pre-approval tests for alternate platform designs.
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(a) The tests in this section are for life float platforms that do not meet the requirements of either §160.027–3(b) (1) or (2).
(b) The float body must be supported so that the platform is suspended in the air by the net or equivalent supporting arrangement. The platform must be loaded evenly with a weight equal to 60 percent of the weight of the total number of persons for which the float is to be rated, assuming a weight of 75 kg (165 lb.) per person. The weight must be allowed to remain on the platform for ten minutes after which it is removed. The supporting arrangement and platform must not show any evidence of damage or permanent deformation as a result of this test.
(c) The float body must be supported so that the platform is suspended in the air by the net or equivalent supporting arrangement. A bag of sand, shot or similar granular material weighing 90 kg (200 lb.) must be dropped onto the center of the platform from a height of 3 m (10 ft.). The supporting arrangement and platform must not show any damage that would affect the serviceability of the float or platform.
(d) As part of the buoyancy test required in §160.010–7(e) of this chapter, the platform must be loaded with weights equal to 1/2 the rated capacity of the float. There must be no damage to the supporting arrangement or platform as a result of this test.
Note: Since the weights on the platform will be submerged during this test, allowance must be made for the displacement of the submerged weights. The weight required is calculated by the formula W=(18d)/(d–4895), where W is the required submerged weight per person (in kg) and d is the density of the material (in kg/m 3 ). (In customary U.S. units, the formula is W=40d)/(d–63) where W is in lb. and d is in lb./ft. 3 ).
Subpart 160.028—Signal Pistols for Red Flare Distress Signals
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Source: CGD 76–048a and 76–048b, 44 FR 73078, Dec. 17, 1979, unless otherwise noted.
§ 160.028-2 Type.
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(a) Each signal pistol for launching a parachute distress signal that meets subpart 160.024 of this part must be of the center-firing type having chamber and bore dimensions within the limits indicated by Figure No. 160.028–2(a).
(b) A signal pistol for launching an aerial flare not under paragraph (a) of this section may have any chamber and bore dimensions if they are not the dimensions for a conventional round of ammunition.
§ 160.028-3 Materials, workmanship, construction, and performance requirements.
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(a) Materials. The materials used in signal pistols shall conform strictly to the specifications and drawings submitted by the manufacturer and approved by the Commandant. In general, all parts shall be corrosion-resistant or properly protected against corrosion. The ejection mechanism shall be of material possessing excellent wearing qualities.
(b) Workmanship. Signal pistols shall be of first class workmanship and shall be free from imperfections of manufacture affecting their serviceability or appearance.
(c) Construction and performance requirements. (Pistols intended for signals meeting Subpart 160.024). Signal pistols shall be of rugged construction and shall operate satisfactorily in firing and ejecting pistol-projected parachute red flare distress signals of the type covered by Subpart 160.024. The ejection mechanism shall be of sturdy design capable of withstanding rough and repeated usage. The overall size and weight of signal pistols should be kept to a minimum consistent with adequate strength and safety. When the pistol is cocked and the trigger is pulled, the firing pin shall project between 1.52 mm and 2.54 mm (0.060 in. and 0.100 in.) beyond the face plate of the frame. When the barrel is locked in the firing position, the barrel chamber shall be not more than 0.25 mm (0.010 in.) from the face plate of the frame.
§ 160.028-4 Approval and production tests.
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(a) Approval test. An independent laboratory accepted by the Commandant under §159.010 of this chapter must test three pistols in accordance with the operational test in paragraph (c) of this section.
(b) Production inspections and tests. Production inspections and tests of each pistol must be conducted under the procedures in §159.007 of this chapter. Each pistol which passes the production inspections and tests must be stamped with the letters “P.T.” Each pistol which fails the test must not be represented as meeting this subpart or as being approved by the Coast Guard.
(1) Inspections and tests by the manufacturer. The manufacturer's quality control procedures must include the inspection of the pistols during production, and inspection of the finished pistols, to determine that the pistols are being produced in accordance with the approved plans. Each pistol must be tested in accordance with the operational test in paragraph (c) of this section, except that checking of the chamber and bore dimensions is not required.
(2) Inspections and tests by an independent laboratory. An independent laboratory accepted by the Commandant under §159.010 of this Chapter must inspect and test three pistols at least one each year. The inspection must determine that the pistols are being produced in accordance with the approved plans. The test must be in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.
(c) Operational test. The operational test must be conducted as follows:
(1) Check the chamber and bore dimensions of the pistol.
(2) Fire a dummy cartridge simulating a normal signal in size and weight, but with a charge double the normal charge.
(3) Fire a normal signal.
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(4) Recheck the chamber and bore dimensions.
(5) The pistol must fire the signal properly, must not have any visible deformation or damage as a result of the test, and must not have any change in the chamber and bore dimensions.
§ 160.028-5 Marking.
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(a) General. Each signal pistol shall be permanently and legibly marked with its serial number, Coast Guard approval number, and the name and address of the manufacturer.
(b) [Reserved]
§ 160.028-6 Container.
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(a) General. Containers for the stowage of signal pistols and pistol projected parachute red flare distress signals in lifeboats and life rafts on merchant vessels are not required to have specific approval or to be of specific design except for certain material, marking, and test requirements, which requirements are contained in §160.024–6 of subpart 160.024.
(b) [Reserved]
§ 160.028-7 Procedure for approval.
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(a) Signals are approved by the Coast Guard under the procedures in subpart 159.005 of this chapter.
(b) [Reserved]
Subpart 160.031—Line-Throwing Appliance, Shoulder Gun Type (and Equipment)
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Source: CGD 76–048a and 76–048b, 44 FR 73080, Dec. 17, 1979, unless otherwise noted.
§ 160.031-1 Incorporation by reference.
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(a) The following Federal specification is incorporated by reference into this subpart:
(1) T-R-605 b, December 13, 1963 and Amendment 3, April 17, 1973—Rope, Manila, and Sisal.
(b) The Federal specification may be obtained from Customer Service, Naval Publications and Forms Center, 5801 Tabor Avenue, Philadelphia, PA. 19120 (tel: (215)697–2000). This specification is also on file in the Federal Register library.
(c) Approval to incorporate by reference the material listed in this section was obtained from the Director of the Federal Register on September 24, 1979.
§ 160.031-2 Type and size.
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(a) The shoulder gun type line-throwing appliance shall be breech-loading for the cartridge and muzzle-loading for the projectile, of not more than 13 mm (0.50 in.) caliber, chambered for blank rifle cartridges, smooth bored, and properly stocked, with shot line canister attached in a position below the barrel.
(b) [Reserved]
§ 160.031-3 Materials, construction, workmanship, and performance requirements.
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(a) All materials used in the construction of shoulder gun type line-throwing appliances and equipment shall be of good quality, suitable for the purpose intended, and shall conform to the requirements of this specification. The choice of materials shall be such that resistance to corrosion by salt water or spray, shock, temperature change, and wear will be obtained. The use of dissimilar metals in combination shall be avoided wherever possible, but when such contacts are necessary, provision shall be made to prevent such deleterious effects as galvanic corrosion, freezing or buckling of moving parts, and loosening or tightening of joints due to difference in coefficients of thermal expansion.
(b) The design and construction shall be proper and substantial for effective and safe operation aboard ship.
(c) The workmanship shall be first class and free from any imperfections of manufacture affecting appearance or serviceability of the gun.
(d) The gun, when loaded and fired in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, shall be capable of propelling through relatively still air, the service projectile with service line attached, for a distance of not less than 75 m (250 ft.) with deviation from the target not to exceed 4.5 m (15 ft.) either side. (continued)