Loading (50 kb)...'
(continued)
(a) Gravity–1 (G–1). (1) One manually operated stop valve shall be installed on each tank filling and discharge line, located near the tank penetration.
(2) One stop valve or blind flange shall be installed at each cargo hose connection. When a cargo hose connection is in use, it shall be provided with a stop valve; which may be part of the vessel's equipment or may be part of the shore facility and attached to the barge end of the loading hose. When a cargo hose connection is not in use, it may be secured with a blind flange.
(3) If individual deepwell pumps are used to discharge the contents of each cargo tank, and the pumps are provided with a remote shutdown device, a stop valve at the tank is not required on the tank discharge line.
(b) Gravity–2 (G–2). (1) One manually operated stop valve shall be installed on each tank penetration, located as close as possible to the tank.
(2) One remote operated, quick closing shut-off valve shall be installed at each cargo hose connection.
(3) A remote shutdown device shall be installed for all cargo handling machinery.
(c) Pressure–1 (P–1). (1) One manually operated stop valve and one excess flow valve shall be installed on each tank penetration, located as close as possible to the tank.
(2) One manually operated stop valve shall be installed at each cargo hose connection, when in use.
(d) Pressure–2 (P–2). (1) One manually operated stop valve and one excess flow valve shall be installed at each tank penetration, located as close as possible to the tank.
(2) One remote operated quick closing shutoff valve shall be installed at each cargo hose connection when in use.
(3) No tank penetration shall be less than 1 inch diameter.
(e) Cargo tank penetrations which are connections for gauging or measuring devices need not be equipped with excess flow or remote operated quick closing valves provided that the opening is constructed so that the outward flow of tank contents shall not exceed that passed by a No. 54 drill size (0.055–inch diameter).
(f) The control system for any required quick closing shutoff valves shall be such that the valves may be operated from at least two remote locations on the vessel; if means of fire protection is required by Table 151.05, the control system shall also be provided with fusible elements designed to melt between 208 °F and 220 °F, which will cause the quick closing shutoff valves to close in case of fire. Quick closing shutoff valves shall be of the fail-closed (closed on loss of power) type and be capable of local manual operation. Quick closing shutoff valves shall operate from full open to full closed under all service conditions in not more than 10 seconds, without causing excessive pressure surges.
(g) Excess flow valves, where required, shall close automatically at the rated closing flow of vapor or liquid as tested and specified by the manufacturer. The piping, including fittings, valves, and appurtenances protected by an excess flow valve, shall have a greater capacity than the rated closing flow of the excess flow valve. Excess flow valves may be designed with a bypass not to exceed 0.040–inch diameter opening to allow equalization of pressure, after an operating shutdown.
(h) Suitable means shall be provided to relieve the pressure and remove liquid contents from cargo lines and hoses to the cargo tank or other safe location prior to effecting disconnections.
§ 151.20-10 Cargo system instrumentation.
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(a) Each tank operated at other than ambient temperature shall be provided with at least one remote reading temperature sensor located in the liquid phase of the cargo. The temperature gauge shall be located at the cargo handling control station or another approved location.
(b) Where required, each tank equipped with safety relief valves shall be fitted with a pressure gauge which shall be located at the cargo handling control station or at another approved location.
§ 151.20-15 Cargo hose if carried on the barge.
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(a) Liquid and vapor line hose used for cargo transfer shall be of suitable material resistant to the action of the cargo. Hose shall be suitable for the temperatures to which it may be subjected and shall be acceptable to the Commandant.
(b) Hose subject to tank pressure, or the discharge pressure of pumps or vapor compressors, shall be designed for a bursting pressure of not less than 5 times the maximum safety relief valve setting of the tank, pump, or compressor, whichever determines the maximum pressure to which the hose may be subjected in service.
(c) Each new type of cargo hose, complete with end fittings, shall be prototype tested to a pressure not less than five times its specified maximum working pressure. The hose temperature during this prototype test shall duplicate the intended extreme service temperature. Thereafter, each new length of cargo hose produced shall be hydrostatically tested at ambient temperature to a pressure not less than twice its maximum working pressure nor more than two-fifths its bursting pressure. The hose shall be marked with its maximum working pressure, and if used in other than ambient temperature service, its maximum or minimum temperature.
§ 151.20-20 Cargo transfer methods.
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(a) Cargo transfer may be accomplished by means of gravity, pumping, vapor or gas pressurization, or fluid displacement unless otherwise provided in Subpart 151.50 of this part.
(b) Vapor or gas pressurization may be used only in transferring cargo from pressure vessel type cargo tanks. The pressurizing vapor or gas lines shall be provided with safety relief device in the lines set to open at a pressure no greater than 90 percent of the set pressure of the cargo tank safety relief valve. The pressurizing line shall be fitted with a stop valve at the tank, and a check valve to prevent the accidental release of cargo through the pressure line.
(c) Fluid displacement is permitted with either gravity or pressure vessel type cargo tanks. The displacing fluid shall enter the tank under low relative pressure. The fluid entry line shall be fitted with a safety relief valve set to lift at a pressure no higher than 80 percent of the cargo tank safety relief valve setting.
(d) When cargo vapors are flammable, combustible or toxic, cargo filling lines entering the top of the tank shall lead to a point at or near the bottom. Spray filling lines, discharging near the top of the tank, may be fitted in lieu of, or in addition to, the above cargo filling lines.
Subpart 151.25—Environmental Control
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§ 151.25-1 Cargo tank.
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When carrying certain commodities regulated by this subchapter, one of the following types of cargo protection may be required, within the main cargo tank, and in some cases, in the space between the primary and secondary barriers.
(a) Inerted. All vapor spaces within the cargo tank are filled and maintained with a gas or vapor which will not support combustion and which will not react with the cargo.
(b) Padded. All vapor spaces within the cargo tanks are filled and maintained with a liquid, gas (other than air), or vapor which will not react with the cargo.
(c) Ventilated (forced). Vapor space above the liquid surface in the tank is continuously swept with air by means of blowers or other mechanical devices requiring power.
(d) Ventilated (natural). Vapor space above the liquid surface in the tank is continuously swept with atmospheric air without the use of blowers or other mechanical devices requiring power (e.g., “chimney-effect” ventilation).
(e) Dry. All vapor space within the cargo tank is filled and maintained with a gas or vapor containing no more than 100 ppm water.
[CFGR 70–10, 35 FR 3714, Feb. 25, 1970, as amended by CGD 88–100, 54 FR 40040, Sept. 29, 1989]
§ 151.25-2 Cargo handling space.
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Pump rooms, compressor rooms, refrigeration rooms, heating rooms, instrument rooms or other closed spaces regularly entered by operating personnel, in which work is performed on the cargo or in which the cargo movement is locally controlled, may be required to be fitted with one of the following types of ventilation:
(a) Forced ventilation. The forced ventilation system shall be designed to insure sufficient air movement through these spaces to avoid the accumulation of toxic or flammable vapors and to insure sufficient oxygen to support life, and, in any event, the ventilation system shall have a minimum capacity sufficient to permit a change of air every 3 minutes.
(b) Natural ventilation. The natural ventilation system shall be designed to insure sufficient air movement to avoid the accumulation of toxic or flammable vapors and to insure sufficient oxygen to support life.
Subpart 151.30—Portable Fire Extinguishers
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§ 151.30-1 Type.
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When required by Table 151.05, approved portable fire extinguishers shall be installed in accordance with Subpart 34.50 of this chapter. The fire extinguishing media shall be dry chemical or other suitable agent for all locations.
Subpart 151.40—Temperature or Pressure Control Installations
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§ 151.40-1 Definitions.
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This section defines the various methods by which the cargo may be heated or cooled.
(a) Boiloff. Cargo pressure and temperatures are maintained by permitting the cargo to boil naturally and the cargo vapor thus generated removed from the tank by venting.
(b) External cargo cooling—(1) Cargo vapor compression. A refrigeration system in which the cargo vapors generated within the tank are withdrawn, compressed, and the lower energy vapor or its condensate returned to the tank.
(2) External heat exchange. A refrigeration system in which the cargo vapor or liquid is cooled outside the cargo tanks by being passed through a heat exchanger. Refrigeration is not accomplished by direct compression of the cargo.
(c) Internal heat exchange. A refrigeration system in which a cooling fluid is passed through heat transfer coils immersed in the cargo tank liquid or vapor phases.
(d) Tank refrigeration. A refrigeration system in which the cooling fluid is passed around the cargo tank exterior in order to remove heat from the tank or its surroundings.
(e) No refrigeration. A system that allows the liquefied gas to warm up and increase in pressure. The insulation and tank design pressure shall be adequate to provide for a suitable margin for the operating time and temperatures involved.
(f) Tank heating. (1) A system in which the cargo is heated by means of steam or other heat transfer fluid running through coils within or around the tank. The cargo itself does not leave the tank.
(2) A recirculating system in which the cargo leaves the tank, is pumped through a heater and then returned to the tank.
§ 151.40-2 Materials.
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Materials used in the construction of temperature or pressure control systems shall be suitable for the intended application and meet the requirements of Subchapter F and the Special Requirements section of this subchapter.
§ 151.40-5 Construction.
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Construction of machinery or equipment, such as heat exchangers, condensers, piping, etc., associated with temperature or pressure control systems shall meet the requirements of Subchapter F of this chapter. The electrical portions of these installations shall meet the requirements of Subchapter J of this chapter.
§ 151.40-10 Operational requirements.
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Control systems, required by Table 151.05 shall be provided with an audible or visual high cargo temperature or high cargo pressure alarm which is discernible at the towboat. The alarm shall operate when either the pressure or the temperature exceeds the operating limits of the system. The alarm may monitor either pressure or temperature, but must be independent of the control system.
§ 151.40-11 Refrigeration systems.
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(a) Boiloff systems. The venting of cargo boiloff to atmosphere shall not be used as a primary means of temperature or pressure control unless specifically authorized by the Commandant.
(b) Vapor compression, tank refrigeration, and secondary refrigeration systems: The required cooling capacity of refrigeration systems shall be sufficient to maintain the cargo at design operating conditions with ambient temperature of 115 °F still air and 90 °F still water. The number and arrangement of compressors shall be such that the required cooling capacity of the system is maintained with one compressor inoperative. Portions of the system other than the compressors need not have standby capacity.
Subpart 151.45—Operations
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§ 151.45-1 General.
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(a) Barges certificated as tank barges (Subchapter D of this chapter) or cargo barges (Subchapter I of this chapter) for the carriage of cargoes regulated by this subchapter shall meet all applicable requirements for operations in the appropriate subchapter; in addition, requirements prescribed in this subpart shall apply to either type of certification.
(b) [Reserved]
§ 151.45-2 Special operating requirements.
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(a) The requirements of this section shall apply to all barges carrying in bulk any cargoes regulated by this subchapter; however, the provisions of this section are not applicable to such barges when empty and gas-freed.
(b) When it is necessary to operate box or square-end barges as lead barges of tows, the person in charge of the towing vessel shall control the speed to insure protection against diving and swamping of such barges, having due regard to their design and freeboard, and to the operating conditions.
(c) No cargo tank hatch, ullage hole, or tank cleaning openings shall be opened or remain open except under the supervision of the person in charge, except when the tank is gas free.
(d) Barges, when tendered to the carrier for transportation, shall have all bilges and void spaces (except those used for ballasting) substantially free of water. Periodic inspections and necessary pumping shall be carried out to insure maintenance of such water-free condition in order to minimize the free surface effects, both in longitudinal and transverse directions. Except when otherwise considered necessary for inspection or pumping, all hatch covers and other hull closure devices for void spaces and hull compartments other than cargo spaces shall be closed and secured at all times.
(e) Cargo signs and cards. (1) Warning signs shall be displayed on the vessel, port and starboard, facing outboard without obstructions, at all times except when the vessel is gas free. The warning sign shall be rectangular and a minimum of 3 feet wide and 2 feet high. It shall be of sufficient size to accommodate the required alerting information, which shall be shown in black block style letters and numerals (characters) at least 3 inches high on a white background. The minimum spacing between adjacent words and lines of characters shall be 2 inches. The minimum spacing between adjacent characters shall be one-half inch. All characters shall have a minimum stroke width of one-half inch and shall be a minimum of 2 inches wide, except for the letters “M” and “W”, which shall be a minimum of 3 inches wide, and except for the letter “I” and the Numeral “1”, which may be 1/2–inch wide. The signs shall have a 2–inch minimum white border clear of characters. The signs shall be maintained legible. The alerting information shall include the following:
Warning
Dangerous Cargo
(This sign may be covered or removed when Subchapter O commodities are not being carried.)
No Visitors
No Smoking
(This sign may be removed or covered when the commodity is not flammable or combustible.)
No Open Lights
(This sign may be removed or covered when the commodity is not flammable or combustible.)
(2)(i) Names and locations of all cargoes will be displayed in a readily discernible manner on all barges carrying one or more commodities regulated by this subchapter. This may be an individual sign at or on each tank or by a single sign similar to the following example:
Tank No. Cargo
IP............................................................. /xxxx/
IS............................................................. /xxxx/
2P............................................................. /xxxx/
2S............................................................. /xxxx/
These signs may be printed, handwritten, permanent or changeable, but be visible and readable at all times. These signs should be as readable, as those specified in paragraph (e)(1) of this section. Cargoes regulated by other subchapters will be included whenever carried simultaneously with commodities regulated by this subchapter.
(ii) When the dangerous cargo barge is carrying only a single product, the Warning Sign required by paragraph (e)(1) of this section can be considered as meeting the requirements for the cargo location sign. The name of the commodity shall be added to the Warning Sign.
(3) A cargo information card for each cargo regulated by this subchapter shall be carried on the bridge or in the pilot house of the towing vessel, readily available for use by the person in charge of the watch. This information card shall also be carried aboard the barge, mounted near the Warning Sign required by paragraph (e)(1) of this section, in such position as to be easily read by a man standing on the deck of the barge. The minimum card size shall be 7&inch;×9 1/2&inch;. The card shall have legible printing on one side only. The card shall be laminated in clear plastic or otherwise made weatherproof. The following data shall be listed:
(i) Cargo identification and characteristics. Identification of the cargo, as listed in Table 151.05, its appearance and odor. A statement of the hazards involved and instructions for the safe handling of the cargo and, as applicable, the need for special cargo environments.
(ii) Emergency procedures. Precautions to be observed in the event of spills, leaks, or equipment or machinery breakdown and/or uncontrolled release of the cargo into the waterway or atmosphere. Precautions to be observed in the event of exposure of personnel to toxic cargoes.
(iii) Firefighting procedures. Precautions to be observed in the event of a fire occurring on or adjacent to the barge, and enumeration of firefighting media suitable for use in case of a cargo fire.
(f) Surveillance. During the time the cargo tanks contain any amount of liquid or gaseous dangerous cargoes requiring Type I or Type II barge hulls, the barge shall be under surveillance, as set forth in this paragraph:
(1) The licensed operator, person in command, and mate of a vessel towing a tank barge that need not be manned, and each of them, shall be responsible for monitoring the security and integrity of the tank barge and for ensuring adherence to proper safety precautions. These responsibilities include, but are not limited to—
(i) Ensuring that every tank barge added to the tow has all tank openings properly secured; has its freeing-ports and scuppers, if any, unobstructed; meets any loadline or freeboard requirements; and neither leaks cargo into the water, voids, or cofferdams nor leaks water into the tanks, voids, or cofferdams;
(ii) Ensuring that every tank barge in the tow is properly secured within the tow;
(iii) Ensuring that periodic checks are made of every tank barge in the tow for leakage of cargo into the water, voids, or cofferdams and for leakage of water into the tanks, voids, or cofferdams;
(iv) Knowing the cargo of every tank barge in the tow, all hazards associated with the cargo, and what to do on discovery of a leak;
(v) Ensuring that the crew of the vessel know the cargo of every tank barge in the tow, all hazards associated with the cargo, and what to do on discovery of a leak;
(vi) Reporting to the Coast Guard any leaks from a tank barge in the tow into the water, as required by 33 CFR 151.15; and
(vii) Ensuring that the crew of the vessel and other personnel in the vicinity of the tank barges in the tow follow the proper safety precautions for tank vessels, and that no activity takes place in the vicinity of the barges that could create a hazard.
(2) A towing vessel engaged in transporting such unmanned barges shall not leave them unattended. When a barge is moored, but not gas free, it shall be under the care of a watchman who may be a member of the complement of the towing vessel, or a terminal employee, or other person. This person shall be responsible for the security of the barge and for keeping unauthorized persons off the barge. Such person shall be provided with, read, and have in his possession for ready reference the information cards required by paragraph (e) of this section.
(g) All cargo hatches shall be closed, dogged down, or otherwise tightly secured.
[CFGR 70–10, 35 FR 3714, Feb. 25, 1970, as amended by CGD 88–100, 54 FR 40040, Sept. 29, 1989; CGD 79–116, 60 FR 17158, Apr. 4, 1995]
§ 151.45-3 Manning.
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Except as provided for in this section, barges need not be manned unless in the judgment of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, such manning is necessary for the protection of life and property and for safe operation of the vessel. Vessels requiring manning for safe operation shall be subject to additional requirements as determined by the Commandant. Towing vessels, while towing barges which are not required to be manned, shall be provided with and have on board the information card required by §151.45–2(e)(3). This card shall be in the possession of the master or person in charge.
§ 151.45-4 Cargo-handling.
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(a) On a United States tank barge subject to inspection—
(1) The owner and operator of the vessel, and his or her agent, and each of them, shall ensure that no transfer of liquid cargo in bulk or cleaning of a cargo tank takes place unless under the supervision of a qualified person designated as the person in charge of the transfer or the cleaning under Subpart C of 33 CFR part 155.
(2) The person in charge of the transfer shall ensure that enough qualified personnel are on duty to safely transfer liquid cargo in bulk or to safely clean cargo tanks.
(b) Closing of sea and ballast valves. All sea and ballast valves are to be properly aligned and lashed, or sealed in their correct position prior to beginning cargo transfer operations. Under no circumstances shall such valves be secured by locks.
(c) Connecting for cargo transfer. (1) Movement of the vessel shall be considered when making the cargo connections to insure safe cargo transfer. Suitable material shall be used in joints and in couplings when making connections to insure that they are tight. Under no circumstances shall less than three bolts be used in a bolted flanged coupling.
(2) When cargo connections are supported by the vessel's tackle, the person in charge of the transfer operations shall inspect the vessel to insure that sufficient tackles are used.
(3) Pans or buckets shall be placed under cargo hose connections.
(4) Cargo transfer operations for any cargo requiring a PV or safety relief venting device in Table 151.05 shall be performed with cargo hatch covers closed.
(d) Inspection prior to transfer of cargo. Prior to the transfer of cargo, the person in charge of the transfer operation shall inspect the barge and other cargo equipment to assure himself that the following conditions exist:
(1) The Certificate of Inspection is endorsed for the products to be loaded. Loading restrictions, if any, should be noted.
(2) Warning signs are displayed as required.
(3) Cargo information cards for the product are aboard.
(4) No repair work in way of cargo space is being carried out.
(5) Cargo connections and hatch covers conform with the provisions of paragraph (c) of this section and cargo valves are properly set.
(6) All connections for cargo transfer have been made to the vessel's fixed pipeline system.
(7) In transferring flammable or combustible cargoes, there are no fires or open flames present on the deck, or in any compartment which is located on, facing, open or adjacent to the part of the deck on which cargo connections have been made.
(8) The shore terminal or other tank vessel concerned has reported itself in readiness for transfer of cargo.
(9) All sea valves are properly set and those connected to the cargo piping are closed.
(10) When transferring flammable or combustible cargoes that a determination was made as to whether or not boiler and/or galley fires can be maintained with reasonable safety.
(e) Duties of the person in charge during transfer operations. The person in charge of the transfer operations shall control the operations as follows:
(1) Supervise the operation of the cargo system valves.
(2) Start transfer of cargo slowly.
(3) Observe cargo connections and hose for leakage.
(4) Observe operating pressure on cargo systems.
(5) Comply with loading limitations placed on the vessel by the Certificate of Inspection, if, any, for the purpose of not overloading individual tanks or the vessel.
(6) Observe the loading rate for the purpose of avoiding overflow of the tanks.
(f) Cargo transfer operations shall not be started or, if started, shall be discontinued under the following conditions:
(1) During severe electrical storms.
(2) If a fire occurs on the barge, the wharf or in the immediate vicinity.
(3) If potentially dangerous leakage occurs.
(g) No vessel shall come alongside or remain alongside a barge in way of its cargo tanks while it is transferring cargo unless the conditions then prevailing are mutually acceptable to the persons in charge of cargo handling.
(h) Auxiliary steam, air, fuel, or electric current. When discharging cargo from one or more barges, the towing vessel may furnish steam, air, fuel, or electric current for pumps on barges or dock, but in no case shall the cargo pass through or over the towing vessel.
(i) Termination of transfer operations. When transfer operations are completed, the valves on cargo connections on the vessel shall be closed. The cargo connections shall be drained of cargo.
(j) Transfer of other cargo or stores on a barge. (1) Packaged goods, freight, and ship's stores shall not be loaded or discharged during the loading of flammable cargoes except by permission of the person in charge of the transfer operation. Explosives shall not be loaded or carried on any barge containing products regulated by this subchapter.
(2) Where package and general cargo is carried directly over bulk cargo tanks, it shall be properly dunnaged to prevent chafing of metal parts and securely lashed or stowed.
(k) Transportation of other cargo or stores on barges. Barges may be permitted to transport deck cargoes directly over bulk cargo spaces when the nature of such deck cargoes and the methods of loading and unloading same do not create an undue hazard. Such barges shall have their decks properly dunnaged to prevent chafing between the steel parts of the vessel and the deck cargo.
(l) Deck construction must be adequate to support the intended load. Provisions for carrying deck cargo shall be endorsed on the Certificate of Inspection by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.
(m) Emergencies. In case of emergencies, nothing in the regulations in this subchapter shall be construed as preventing the person in charge of transfer operations from pursuing the most effective action in his judgment for rectifying the conditions causing the emergency.
[CGFR 70–10, 35 FR 3714, Feb. 25, 1970; 35 FR 6431, Apr. 22, 1970, as amended by CGD 75–59, 45 FR 70273, Oct. 23, 1980; CGD 81–059, 54 FR 151, Jan. 4, 1989; CGD 79–116, 60 FR 17158, Apr. 4, 1995]
§ 151.45-5 Open hopper barges.
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(a) All open hopper barges not constructed or modified in conformance with the provisions of Subpart 151.10 of this part when carrying in bulk any cargoes regulated by this subchapter shall meet the provisions of this section. However, the provisions of this section are not applicable to such barges when empty (not necessarily cleaned or gas-freed).
(1) Except as otherwise provided in this section, no such open hopper type barge shall be placed as lead barge in any tow. These barges shall be placed in protected positions within the tow so that the danger from diving or swamping will be minimized. Where, due to operating conditions, compliance with this paragraph is impossible, the provisions of paragraph (a)(3) of this section apply. The person in charge of the towing vessel shall be responsible for compliance with this paragraph.
(2) No such open hopper type barge shall be moved from a loading facility unless all void spaces and bilges are substantially free of water. Periodic inspections and necessary pumping shall be carried out to insure the maintenance of such water-free conditions, in order to minimize the free surface effect in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. Except when considered necessary for inspection or pumping, all hatch covers and other hull closure devices for void spaces and hull compartments shall be closed and secured at all times. In the case of unmanned barges, the person in charge of the towing vessel shall be deemed to be in charge of the barge, and all requirements to be carried out on the barge shall be carried out by or under the direction of this person.
(3) When an open hopper type barge is in an exposed position, such that protection from swamping provided by adjoining barges cannot be obtained from the location within the tow, it shall be the responsibility of the person in charge of the towing vessel to control speed so as to insure protection against diving and swamping of the barge, having regard to its design and freeboard, and other operating conditions.
(b) To show that special operating requirements apply to a specific open hopper type barge, additional placards or signs shall be displayed in at least four different locations on the barge when the cargoes subject to this part are carried in any form in the cargo tanks. The placards or signs shall be posted on the barge approximately amidships on each side and near the centerline fore and aft facing outboard. Racks, or other suitable means for mounting such placards or signs, shall be so arranged as to provide clear visibility and shall be protected from becoming readily damaged or obscured. The placards or signs shall be at least equal in dimensions to the DOT standard tank car “Dangerous” placard (10 3/4 inches square or larger) and shall display a circle (10 inches in diameter or larger) with alternating quadrants of white and red, and so mounted that the red quadrants are centered on the vertical axis. The shipper and/or owner of the barge shall be responsible for the installation of the required placards or signs, including maintenance of them while such barge is in temporary storage with cargo aboard. The person in charge of the towing vessel shall be responsible for the continued maintenance of the placards or signs while such barge is in transit.
§ 151.45-6 Maximum amount of cargo.
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(a) Tanks carrying liquids or liquefied gases at ambient temperatures regulated by this subchapter shall be limited in the amount of cargo loaded to that which will avoid the tank being liquid full at 105 °F if insulated, or 115 °F if uninsulated. If specific filling densities are designated in Subpart 151.50 of this part, they shall take precedence over that noted above.
(b) Refrigerated and semirefrigerated tanks shall be filled so that there is an outage of at least 2 percent of the volume of the tank at the temperature corresponding to the vapor pressure of the cargo at the safety relief valve setting. A reduction in the required outage may be permitted by the Commandant when warranted by special design considerations. Normally, then, the maximum volume to which a tank may be loaded is:
VL=0.98drV÷dL
where:
VL=Maximum volume to which tank may be loaded.
V =Volume of tank.
dr=Density of cargo at the temperature required for a cargo vapor pressure equal to the relief valve setting.
dL=Density of cargo at the loading temperature and pressure.
§ 151.45-7 Shipping papers.
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Each barge carrying dangerous cargo shall have on board a bill of lading, manifest, or shipping document giving the name of shipper, location of the loading point, and the kind, grade, and approximate quantity by compartment of each cargo in the barge. Such manifest or bills of lading may be made out by the shipper, master of the towing vessel, owner, or agent of the owner. However, in the case of unmanned barges the master of the towing vessel shall either have a copy of the shipping papers for each barge in his tow or he shall make an entry in the towing vessel's log book giving the name of the shipper, location where the barge was loaded, and the kind, grade, and quantity of cargo by compartment in the barge. The barge shall not be delayed in order to secure the exact quantities of cargo.
§ 151.45-8 Illness, alcohol, drugs.
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A person who is under the influence of liquor or other stimulants, or is so ill as to render him unfit to perform service shall not be permitted to perform any duties on the barge.
§ 151.45-9 Signals.
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While fast to a dock, a vessel during transfer of bulk cargo shall display a red flag by day or a red light by night, which signal shall be so placed that it will be visible on all sides. When at anchor, a vessel during transfer of bulk cargo shall display a red flag by day, placed so that it will be visible on all sides. This flag may be metallic.
Subpart 151.50—Special Requirements
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Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to subpart 151.50 appear at 60 FR 50465, Sept. 29, 1995, and 61 FR 50732, Sept. 27, 1996.
§ 151.50-1 General.
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Special requirements found in this subpart pertain to specific cargoes and to similar groups of cargoes. These requirements are in addition to and take precedence over any other requirements found in these regulations.
§ 151.50-5 Cargoes having toxic properties.
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When table 151.05 refers to this section, the following apply:
(a) [Reserved]
(b) Independent tanks shall be designed and tested for a head of at least 8 feet above the top of the tank using the specific gravity of the product to be carried. In addition, tank design calculations shall demonstrate that the tank can withstand, without rupture, a single loading to the highest level to which the product may rise, if that exceeds 8 feet. In general, plate less than five-sixteenths inch in thickness shall not be used in the fabrication of independent tanks unless otherwise approved.
(c)(1) Cargo tanks transporting liquids having a Reid vapor pressure exceeding 14 pounds per square inch absolute or vented at a gauge pressure exceeding 4 pounds per square inch, or where air or water pressure is used to discharge the cargo, shall be fabricated as arc-welded unfired pressure vessels.
(2) Unfired pressure vessel cargo tanks shall be designed for a pressure not less than the vapor pressure, in pounds per square inch gauge, of the lading at 115 °F, or the maximum air or water pressure used to discharge the cargo, whichever is greater, but in no case shall the design pressure of such tanks be less than 30 pounds per square inch gauge.
(d) Piping. (1) The pumps and piping used for cargo transfer shall be independent of all other piping.
(2) Where multiple cargoes are carried, and the cargo piping conveying cargoes covered under this section are led through cargo tanks containing other products, the piping shall be encased in a tunnel.
(3) Where cargo lines handling other products, or bilge and ballast piping are led through tanks containing cargoes covered by this section, the piping shall be enclosed in a tunnel.
(e) Gravity type cargo tanks shall be fitted with an approved pressure-vacuum relief valve of not less than 2 1/2-inch size, which shall be set at a pressure of not less than 3 pounds per square inch gauge, but not in excess of the design pressure of the tank.
(f) The discharge fittings from each safety relief or pressure vacuum relief valve shall be directed in such a manner as to not impinge on another tank, piping or any other equipment which would increase the fire hazard should burning products be discharged from the safety or pressure vacuum relief valve as a result of a fire or other casualty. In addition, the discharges shall be directed away from areas where it is likely that persons might be working and as remote as practicable from ventilation inlets and ignition sources. A common discharge header may be employed if desired. The area near the discharge fittings shall be clearly marked as a hazardous area.
(g) A means shall be provided for either the reclamation or safe venting of vapors during the loading and unloading operations. For this purpose the safety relief or pressure vacuum relief valve shall be provided with a valved bypass to a vapor return line shore connection which shall be used whenever vapor return shore facilities are available. In the event vapors must be vented to the atmosphere, a vent riser shall extend at least 12 feet above the highest level accessible to personnel. The vent riser may be collapsible for ease of stowage when not in use. Vapor return lines or vent risers for tanks carrying the same class product may be connected to a common header system if desired. Tanks carrying cargoes covered by this section shall be vented independent of tanks carrying other products.
(h) The pump room ventilation outlet duct exhausts shall terminate at a distance of at least 6 feet above the enclosed space or pump room and at least 6 feet from any entrance to the interior part of the vessel. The discharge end of the exhaust ducts shall be located so as to preclude the possibility of recirculating contaminated air through the pump room, or other spaces where personnel may be present.
[CGFR 70–10, 35 FR 3714, Feb. 25, 1970, as amended by CGD 88–100, 54 FR 40040, Sept. 29, 1989]
§ 151.50-6 Motor fuel antiknock compounds.
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When transporting motor fuel antiknock compounds containing tetraethyl lead and tetramethyl lead the requirements listed in this section shall be observed.
(a) Tanks used for these cargoes shall not be used for the transportation of any other cargo except those commodities to be used in the manufacture of tetraethyl lead and tetramethyl lead.
(b) Pump rooms shall be equipped with forced ventilation with complete air change every 2 minutes. Air analysis shall be run for lead content to determine if the atmosphere is satisfactory prior to personnel entering the pump room.
(c) Entry into cargo tanks used for the transportation of these cargoes is not permitted.
(d) No internal tank inspection is required. If it is desired to internally inspect tanks used for these cargoes, the Commandant must be notified in advance before such inspection is made.
(e) The provisions of §151.50–5 shall also be met as a requirement for shipping antiknock compounds containing tetraethyl lead and tetramethyl lead.
§ 151.50-10 Alkylene oxides.
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(a) For the purpose of this part, alkylene oxides are considered to be ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
(b) Alkylene oxides transported under the provisions of this part shall be acetylene free.
(c)(1) No other product may be transported in tanks certified for an alkylene oxide except that the Commandant may approve subsequent transportation of other products and return to alkylene oxide service if tanks, piping and auxiliary equipment are adequately cleaned to the satisfaction of the Marine Inspector.
(2) Unless authorized by the Commandant, no other kind of cargo except methane, ethane, propane, butane and pentane shall be on board a tank vessel certificated for the carriage of an alkylene oxide at the same time an alkylene oxide in either the liquid or vapor state is present in any cargo tank. Alkylene oxide tanks shall not be installed in tanks intended for any other cargo.
(d) All valves, flanges, fittings, and accessory equipment shall be of a type suitable for use with the alkylene oxides and shall be made of steel or stainless steel, or other materials acceptable to the Commandant. Impurities of copper, magnesium and other acetylide-forming metals shall be kept to a minimum. The chemical composition of all material used shall be submitted to the Commandant for approval prior to fabrication. Disks or disk faces, seats and other wearing parts of valves shall be made of stainless steel containing not less than 11 percent chromium. Mercury, silver, aluminum, magnesium, copper, and their alloys shall not be used for any valves, gauges, thermometers, or any similar devices. Gaskets shall be constructed of spirally wound stainless steel with “Teflon” or other suitable material. All packing and gaskets shall be constructed of materials which do not react spontaneously with or lower the autoignition temperature of the alkylene oxides.
(e) The pressure rating of valves, fittings, and accessories shall be not less than the maximum pressure for which the cargo tank is designed, or the shutoff head of the cargo pump, whichever is greater, but in no case less than 150 pounds per square inch. Welded fittings manufactured in accordance with A.N.S.I. Standards shall be used wherever possible, and the number of pipe joints shall be held to a minimum. Threaded joints in the cargo liquid and vapor lines are prohibited.
(f) The thermometer shall terminate in the liquid space and shall be attached to the shell by welding with the end of the fitting being provided with a gastight screwed plug or bolted cover.
(g) Automatic float continuous reading tape gauge, and similar types, shall be fitted with a shutoff valve located as close to the tank as practicable, which shall be designed to close automatically in the event of fracture of the external gauge piping. An auxiliary gauging device shall always be used in conjunction with an automatic gauging device.
(h) Filling and discharge piping shall extend to within 4 inches of the bottom of the tank or sump pit if one is provided.
(i) Venting. (1) The discharge fittings from each safety relief or pressure vacuum relief valve shall be directed in such a manner as to not impinge on another tank, piping or any other equipment which would increase the fire hazard should burning products be discharged from the safety or pressure vacuum relief valve as a result of a fire or other casualty. In addition, the discharges shall be directed away from areas where it is likely that persons might be working and as remote as practicable from ventilation inlets and ignition sources. A common discharge header may be employed if desired. The area near the discharge fittings shall be clearly marked as a hazardous area.
(2) A means shall be provided for either the reclamation or safe venting of vapors during the loading and unloading operations. For this purpose, the safety relief or pressure vacuum relief valve shall be provided with a valved bypass to a vapor return line shore connection which shall be used whenever vapor return shore facilities are available. In the event vapors must be vented to the atmosphere, a vent riser shall be connected to the vapor return line and extend at least 12 feet above the highest level accessible to personnel. The vent riser may be collapsible for ease of stowage when not in use. The vent riser shall not be connected to a safety relief or pressure vacuum valve. Vapor return lines or vent risers for tanks carrying the same class product may be connected to a common header system if desired. Tanks carrying alkylene oxides shall be vented independent of tanks carrying other products.
(3) The outlet of each vent riser shall be fitted with acceptable corrosion-resistant flame screen of suitable material or a flame arrester suitable for use with alkylene oxide.
(j) Ventilation. (1) All enclosed spaces within the hull shall be vented or ventilated in accordance with the provisions of this subchapter except as otherwise provided for in this subpart.
(2) The enclosed spaces in which the cargo tanks are located shall be inerted by injection of a suitable inert gas or shall be well ventilated.
(3) The enclosed spaces in which the cargo tanks are located, if an inerting system is not installed, shall be fitted with forced ventilation of such capacity to provide a complete change of air every three minutes and arranged in such a manner that any vapors lost into the space will be removed. The ventilation system shall be in operation at all times cargo is being loaded or discharged. No electrical equipment shall be fitted within the spaces or within ten feet of the ventilation exhaust from these spaces.
(4) All ventilation machinery shall be of nonsparking construction and shall not provide a source of vapor ignition.
(5) Each vent shall be fitted with a flame screen of corrosion resistant wire which is suitable for use with the alkylene oxide.
(k)(1) Flexible metal hose fabricated of stainless steel or other acceptable material, resistant to the action of the alkylene oxide, shall be fitted to the liquid and vapor lines during cargo transfer.
(2) The hose shall be marked with the maximum pressure guaranteed by the manufacturer, and with his certification with the words “Certified for _____ Oxide.”
(3) Cargo hose intended for alkylene oxide service shall not be used for any other products except those which are compatible with the alkylene oxide.
(l) Vessel shall be electrically bonded to the shore piping prior to connecting the cargo hose. This electrical bonding shall be maintained until after the cargo hose has been disconnected and any spillage has been removed.
(m) Cargo shall be discharged by pumping or by displacement with nitrogen or other acceptable inert gas. In no case shall air be allowed to enter the system. During loading and unloading operations, the vapor shall not be discharged to the atmosphere. Provisions shall be made to return all displaced vapor to the loading facility. The loading rate and the pressure applied to the tank to discharge the cargo shall be so limited to prevent opening the safety relief valves.
(n) During cargo transfer, a water hose with pressure to the nozzle, when atmospheric temperatures permit, shall be connected to a water supply for immediate use during filling and discharge operations and any spillage of alkylene oxide shall be immediately washed away. This requirement can be met by facilities provided from shore.
(o) Prior to disconnecting shore lines, the pressure in the liquid and vapor lines shall be relieved through suitable valves installed at the loading header. The liquid and vapor discharged from these lines shall not be discharged to atmosphere.
(p) The safety relief valves shall be tested by liquid, gas, or vapor pressure at least once every 2 years to determine the accuracy of adjustment and, if necessary, shall be reset. Alkylene oxides shall not be used as the testing medium.
(q) The special requirements for ethylene oxide contained in §151.50–12 and for propylene oxide contained in §151.50–13 shall also be observed.
[CGFR 70–10, 35 FR 3714, Feb. 25, 1970, as amended by CGD 85–061, 54 FR 50966, Dec. 11, 1989]
§ 151.50-12 Ethylene oxide.
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(a)(1) Ethylene oxide shall be carried in fixed, independent, pressure vessel type cargo tanks, designed, constructed, arranged and, if necessary, equipped with machinery to maintain the cargo temperature below 90 °F except as otherwise provided for in paragraph (a)(3) of this section.
(2) Ethylene oxide shall be loaded at a temperature below 70 °F.
(3) When ethylene oxide is to be transported at or near atmospheric pressure, the Commandant may permit the use of alternate methods of storage which are consistent with the minimum requirements of this subpart.
(b)(1) All cargo tanks shall be constructed of a carbon steel or stainless steel acceptable to the Commandant. Impurities of copper, magnesium and other acetylide-forming metals shall be kept to a minimum. The chemical composition of all steel used shall be submitted to the Commandant for approval prior to fabrication. Aluminum, copper and other acetylide-forming metals, such as silver, mercury, magnesium, and their alloys shall not be used as materials of construction for tanks or equipment used in handling ethylene oxide.
(2) Cargo tanks shall meet the requirements of Class I pressure vessels.
(3) Cargo tanks shall be designed for the maximum pressure of vapor or gas used in discharging the cargo but in no case shall the design pressure of such tanks be less than 75 pounds per square inch gauge. The tank shell and heads shall not be less than 5/16-inch thick.
(c)(1) Cargo tanks shall be located below deck in holds or enclosed spaces with the domes or trunks extended above the weather deck and terminating in the open. Provisions shall be made to maintain the watertightness of the deck by means of watertight seals around such domes or trunks. The holds or enclosed spaces, in which the ethylene oxide tanks are located, shall not be used for any other purpose. However, in open hopper type barges of a suitable design approved for such service, the weatherdeck may not be required to be watertight. (continued)