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(continued)

(f) Insofar as is reasonable and practicable, Types 1 and 2 stairways, and all elevator enclosures, should not give direct access to accommodations or other enclosed spaces in which a fire may originate.

(g) The furnishings for Types 1 and 2 stairways, and all elevator enclosures, shall be as set forth in §72.05–55(c).

(h) In general, curved, spiral, or winding stairways will not be permitted. Relaxation from this requirement may be permitted, provided, in the opinion of the Commandant, the proposed stairway is equivalent with respect to safety and dimensions to the stairways covered by this section.

(i) For all types of stairways, the stairs, platforms, and landings shall be of sufficient strength to sustain a load of 100 pounds per square foot with a factor of safety of 4 based on the ultimate strength.

(j) The stringers, treads, and all platforms and landings of all Types 1, 2, and 3 stairways shall be of solid steel construction. Risers shall be of approved incombustible material.

(k) For all types of stairways, handrails shall be fitted on both sides of the stairs. For stairways in excess of 66 inches in width, additional center handrails shall be provided. All handrails shall be fitted at a vertical height above the tread at its nosing of between 33 and 36 inches.

(l) For all types of stairways, the stair width shall be clear of all obstructions other than the handrails.

(m) Handrails and trim for all Types 1, 2, and 3 stairways shall be of approved “incombustible materials.”

(n) For all types of stairways, there shall be no variation in the width of the stairs, the depth of the tread, or the height of the risers in any flight. Where variation in height of riser or depth of tread in different flights is necessary, such variations shall be minimized.

(o) For all types of stairways, the sum of the riser height and tread depth shall be at least 17 inches and not more than 18 inches. Types 1, 2, and 3 stairways having treads less than 10 inches in depth shall have a nosing of one inch or other means to provide additional room on the tread.

(p) All stairways shall be dimensioned in accordance with table 72.05–20(p), depending upon the type of stairway and the number of persons served.


Table 72.05-20(p)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Minimum stair tread width, in inches, based upon number of
Maximum persons served by the stairway_Number of persons
Type of stairway Primary angle of -------------------------------------------------------------
use inclination Over
(degrees) 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 60
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1......................... Passenger 40 28 30 32 34 36 40 44
or crew
2 or 3.................... Passenger 40 28 30 32 34 36 36 36
2 or 3.................... Crew 50 28 30 30 30 30 30 30
4......................... Passenger 45 28 30 30 30 30 30 30
or
embarkati
on route
4......................... Crew 55 24 24 24 24 24 24 24
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


(1) The maximum angle of inclination from the horizontal for any stairway shall be as given in table 72.05–20(p).

(2) For all types of stairways, the minimum width shall be determined on a deck-by-deck basis. Except as further noted, on any particular deck, only those persons on that deck using the stairway are involved in the width determination. However, once a minimum required width has been established at any one level, that width may not be reduced at any subsequent deck level in the direction of normal escape. This does not prohibit the use of stair widths exceeding the required minimum for any particular flight or flights.

(3) The various spaces shall be considered to have the number of persons in them as follows:

(i) Passenger staterooms—designed capacity.

(ii) Crew staterooms—two-thirds designed capacity.

(iii) Theaters, dining halls, and similar spaces having fixed seating—maximum seating capacity.

(iv) Lounges, club rooms, etc.—1 person for every 20 square feet of deck area.

(v) Working spaces—normal operating capacity.

(4) Type 1 stairways shall be dimensioned on a deck-by-deck basis as described in the previous subparagraphs. In determining the number of persons using a Type 1 stairway, all persons within the Main Vertical Zone or Zones in question are assumed to be using Type 1 stairways. No consideration is given to any Type 2 or 3 stairways that may be available. If more than one Type 1 stairway serves a particular Main Vertical Zone, the persons shall be distributed between the stairways dependent upon the arrangements, and the stairways shall be dimensioned accordingly. If in the normal operation of the vessel, a Type 1 stairway is intended for a greater number of persons than given by the foregoing, the larger number shall be used.

(5) Types 2, 3, and 4 stairways shall be dimensioned on a deck-by-deck basis as described in this paragraph. In determining the number of persons using the stairways, the normal operation of the vessel shall be the determining factor. In this respect, if any particular stairway forms part of a normal debarkation route, the number of persons using the stairway for that purpose shall be considered.

(q) All types of stairways designed with a broken flight between any two decks shall conform to the additional requirements of this paragraph.

(1) Any interruption of the slope or change of direction of the stairway shall be accomplished by means of an intermediate landing of rectangular or nearly rectangular shape based on the actual dimensions of the stairs landing thereon.

(2) Each set of stairs of a broken flight shall be dimensioned independently, and shall conform to the minimum stair widths given in table 72.05–20(p).

(r) Landings for stairways shall be provided in accordance with the applicable requirements of this paragraph.

(1) For all types of stairways, at the top and bottom of each flight of stairs, there shall be a clear landing having an area at least equal to the square of the actual stair tread width.

(2) For Type 1 stairways, there shall be provided within the enclosure at each deck level a landing having a minimum clear area in square feet, exclusive of the stairs, equal to 1.2 times the number of persons from that deck using the stairway.

(3) Where an aisle around a stairway is required due to the relationship of the flights, such aisle shall have a clear width at all points at least equal to the actual stair tread width.

(s) The total clear width of doors to stairways shall be as set forth in table 72.05–20(s), and shall meet all of the other applicable requirements of this paragraph.


Table 72.05-20(s)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Minimum clear opening, in inches, of doors to
stairways based on number of persons served by
Primary doors_Number of persons (N)
Type of stairway use ----------------------------------------------------
Over
1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 50
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1................................................. Passeng 28 30 32 34 36 \1\
er or 0.75
crew N
2 or 3............................................ Passeng 28 30 32 34 36 36
er
2 or 3............................................ Crew 28 30 30 30 30 30
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Obtain clear opening in inches by multiplying the number of persons served (N) by 0.75.


(1) The dimensioning of doors shall be based on the same fundamentals as described in paragraphs (p)(2) through (5) of this section for stairways. However, the number of people involved for a particular door shall be determined from the arrangements, each door being calculated independent of any other doors to the stairway at the same level.

(2) In no case shall a clear door width be less than 28 inches.

(3) On the Embarkation Deck, each Type 1 stairway shall provide at least 44 inches of exit door width to each side of the vessel. Exit may be provided directly to the weather or indirectly by passageways and/or corridors which lead to the weather.

§ 72.05-25 Doors, other than watertight.
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(a) The general requirement for doors, other than watertight doors, are as follows:

(1) All doors shall be capable of operation from either side by 1 person.

(2) In public spaces, stairway enclosures, corridors, etc., all doors shall open in the direction of escape where practicable.

(3) If it is desired to use decorative doors in addition to those required, they shall be constructed of approved incombustible materials and shall not interfere with the normal operation of the required doors, and shall open in the same direction if the required doors are in a main avenue of escape.

(4) For the purpose of this subpart, all glass permitted in doors shall be at least 1/4-inch thick. However, greater thickness may be required for strength purposes in certain locations. Except for hardwood doors permitted by paragraph (b)(8) of this section, all glass shall be fitted in steel or equivalent metal frames and shall be retained by steel or equivalent metal glazing beads or angles.

(5) Where wire-inserted glass is required, and the single wire type is employed, the strands shall run horizontally and shall be not more than 2 inches apart.

(6) Where hose ports are fitted, they shall be cut in the lower corner of the door on the side opposite the hinge so that if the hose is passed through the doorway when the door is open, it may be closed over the hose. The cut for the hose port should be approximately 6 inches square. A hinged or pivoted steel or equivalent metal cover shall be fitted in the cut, equipped with a bullet catch or similar method of fastening which will permit easy and automatic operation of the hinged cover.

(7) Combustible veneers may be used in doors where permitted for, and subject to the same conditions as, the bulkheads in which the doors are hung.

(8) The locking of doors may be permitted, except as noted in §72.10–20.

(b) Doors in “A” Class bulkheads shall meet the following requirements:

(1) Doors in bulkheads required to be Class A–60, A–30, or A–15 shall be of hollow steel or equivalent metal construction solidly filled with approved structural insulation capable of meeting the requirements for a Class A–15 bulkhead.

(2) Doors in bulkheads required to be Class A–0 shall be of solid or hollow steel or equivalent metal construction capable of meeting the requirements of a Class A–0 bulkhead.

(3) Doors shall have a latch with a minimum throw of 3/4 inch which can be operated from either side of the door. Double swing doors, where permitted for the proper utility of the space, may have the latch normally inoperative.

(4) Except as noted in paragraph (b)(8) of this section, doors may be fitted with not more than 100 square inches of glass, which shall be of the wire inserted type.

(5) Vent grilles or louvers shall not be used in doors of this type.

(6) The bottoms of doors may be undercut not to exceed 1/2 inch above the door sill or top of approved deck covering. Rugs, and carpets, shall not pass through doorways, but linoleum and similar coverings may do so.

(7) Door frames shall be of rigid construction, and shall provide at least a 1/2 inch door stop at the sides and top, except:

(i) Double doors capable of independent operation and latching may have a clearance between the doors not to exceed 1/8 inch. However, if one door must always be closed first, a doorstop of at least 1/2 inch shall be provided for the second door.

(ii) Double swing doors, where permitted, may have a maximum clearance of 1/8 inch at the tops and sides.

(8) Doors opening out onto open decks shall either meet the applicable requirements of this paragraph, or they may be of hardwood having a minimum thickness of 1 3/4 inches. In any case, no restriction as to the area of glass will be made for such doors insofar as this subpart is concerned. Only glass of the wire-inserted type may be fitted in such doors opening onto safety areas from accommodation spaces containing combustible type furniture and service, cargo, and machinery spaces.

(9) Doors in stairway enclosures and Main Vertical Zone bulkheads shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of this paragraph, also meet the following requirements:

(i) Doors, other than those which are normally locked, such as from staterooms, fan rooms, lockers, etc., shall be of the self-closing type capable of closing against a 3 1/2 degree list, and such doors shall be numbered in accordance with §78.47–35 of this subchapter.

(ii) All doors, except those that are kept normally closed, shall be of a type which are capable of release from the control station and from a position at the door. The release mechanism shall be so designed that the door will automatically close in the event of disruption to the control system; however, approved power operated watertight doors will be considered acceptable for this purpose. Holdback hooks, or other means of permanently holding the door open, not subject to control station release, will not be permitted. When double swing doors are permitted, they shall have a latch arrangement which is automatically engaged by the operation of the door release system.

(iii) Double doors shall be so arranged that either door may be closed and latched independently.

(iv) For additional requirements for stairway doors, see §72.05–20(s).

(c) Doors in “B” Class bulkheads shall meet the following requirements:

(1) Doors may be of solid or hollow steel or equivalent metal construction or may be of steel or equivalent metal frame with glass panes or may be of approved incombustible materials of such construction as specifically approved by the Commandant.

(2) No restriction as to the area of glass will be made for such doors, but all glass shall be of the wire-inserted type.

(3) The lower half of such doors may contain vent grilles or louvers with a net area not to exceed 2 square feet.

(4) Doors shall have a latch with a minimum throw of 3/8 inch which can be operated from either side of the door. Double swing doors, where permitted for the proper utility of the space, may have the latch normally inoperative.

(5) The bottoms of doors may be undercut not to exceed 1 inch above the door sill or top of approved deck covering. Rugs and carpets shall not pass through doorways but linoleum and similar covering may do so.

(6) Door frames shall be of rigid construction, and shall provide at least a 1/2 inch doorstop at the sides and top, except:

(i) Double doors capable of independent operation and latching may have a clearance between the doors not to exceed 1/8 inch. However, if one door must always be closed first, a door stop of at least 1/2 inch shall be provided for the second door.

(ii) Double swing doors, where permitted, may have a maximum clearance of 1/8 inch at the tops and sides.

(d) Doors in bulkheads required to be Class C shall be of approved incombustible materials.

§ 72.05-30 Windows and airports.
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(a) For the purpose of this subpart, all glass in windows or airports shall be at least 1/4 inch thick. However, greater thickness may be required for strength purposes in certain locations. All glass shall be fitted in steel or equivalent metal frames and shall be retained by steel or equivalent metal glazing beads or angles.

(b) Where wire-inserted glass is required, and the single wire type is employed, the strands shall run horizontally and shall be not more than 2 inches apart.

(c) Windows in Class B–0 bulkheads shall be fitted with wire inserted glass. Such windows opening onto passageways may not extend below the normal height of the storm rails.

(d) Windows in Class B–15 bulkheads shall be fitted with wire inserted glass. In addition, such windows shall be fitted with a suitable steel or equivalent metal shutter capable of being operated manually as well as automatically by means of a fusible link.

(e) Windows in interior “A” Class bulkheads shall be fitted with suitable steel or equivalent metal shutter capable of being operated manually as well as automatically from the control station by the same system used for the fire doors as noted in §72.05–25(b)(9)(ii). The metal shutter shall be insulated to meet the applicable bulkhead requirements.

(f) Windows or air ports opening onto lifeboat embarkation or lowering spaces from service, cargo, or machinery spaces, or from control or accommodation spaces other than those containing only incombustible veneers and trim and fire resistant furnishings, shall be fitted with wire inserted glass. Other windows or air ports opening onto open decks or enclosed promenades need not have wire inserted glass.

(g) Skylights to spaces containing auxiliary internal combustion machinery having an aggregate horsepower of 1,000 or more, and to boiler and main enginerooms, shall be capable of being closed from outside the space. If glass is fitted in such skylights, it shall be of the wire inserted type. The glass panels shall be fitted with permanently attached shutters of steel or equivalent metal.

§ 72.05-35 Hatch covers and shifting boards.
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(a) Wood hatch covers may be used between cargo spaces. Hatch covers in other locations shall meet the requirements for deck construction noted in tables 72.05–10 (f) and (g).

(b) Tonnage openings in “A” Class bulkheads shall be closed by means of steel plates.

§ 72.05-40 Insulation, other than for structural fire protection.
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(a) Any insulation installed for heat and comfort, refrigeration (including air conditioning), or for any other purpose, and all material incidental to its installation, shall be approved Incombustible Materials. This paragraph shall not apply to such insulation installed in cargo spaces, refrigerated storerooms, individual refrigerator boxes, nor to pipe and machinery coverings or laggings within the machinery spaces.

(b) [Reserved]

§ 72.05-45 Paint.
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(a) An excessive number of coats of paint will be discouraged unless noncombustible paint is used.

(b) Nitrocellulose or other highly flammable or noxious fume-producing paints or lacquers shall not be used.

§ 72.05-50 Ventilation.
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(a) Where the term duct is used in this section, it shall include trunks, plenums, and any other type of ventilation piping, chambers, or duct work.

(b) Where automatic fire dampers are required, they shall be designed to operate at approximately 165 degrees F. for normal locations, and approximately 212 degrees F. for locations such as galleys. The dampers shall be so designed as to close against the anticipated draft in the duct. The damper shall be made accessible for periodic inspection by means of a hinged or bolted plate in the duct. The damper and the portion of duct containing the damper shall be constructed of at least 1/8 inch steel plate suitably stiffened. No insulation need be applied to the damper blade.

(c) Where ventilation ducts are required to meet bulkhead requirements, the space within the duct shall be considered to be the same as the space served by the ventilator, and the duct shall be insulated to meet the applicable requirements of tables 72.05–10(d) and 72.05–10(e).

(d) All ventilation systems shall be designed, where practicable, so that all ducts leading to the various enclosures are kept within the main vertical zones. No duct may serve spaces in more than one main vertical zone.

(e) Where of necessity, ducts pass through main vertical zone bulkheads, automatic fire dampers shall be fitted adjacent to the bulkhead. The duct between the bulkhead and the damper shall meet the applicable bulkhead requirements. The damper shall be fitted on at least one side of the bulkhead with a visible indicator showing whether the damper is in the open or closed position. The indicator may be connected to the manual operating device rather than the damper blade so that it might show as being open when it had automatically closed, but could never be open if the indicator showed it to be closed. The damper shall be capable of being manually closed from both sides of the bulkhead. The operating positions for the damper shall be marked as required by §78.47–53 of this subchapter.

(f) Vent ducts serving stairway enclosures shall serve no other spaces.

(g) Ventilation ducts serving cargo or main machinery spaces which pass through accommodation spaces or safety areas shall be fitted with an automatic fire damper adjacent to the point of entry. Between the bulkhead or deck and the damper, and in addition, on vertical ducts for a distance of 6 feet above the damper, the duct shall meet the applicable bulkhead requirements.

(h) Exhausts from galleys shall meet the applicable bulkhead requirements. In addition, an automatic damper shall be installed in exhaust ducts over frying vats, etc.

(i) In all ventilation systems, manually operated dampers or other suitable means shall be provided in accessible locations, outside the spaces served by the system, for shutting off the passage of air in the event of fire; however, no dampers shall be placed in exhaust ducts from film lockers or projection rooms.

(j) For information regarding controls of electrically powered ventilation systems, see subchapter J (Electrical Engineering) of this chapter.

§ 72.05-55 Furniture and furnishings.
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(a) For the purpose of this subpart, rooms containing “fire resistant furnishings” will be considered to be those in which:

(1) All case furniture such as desks, wardrobes, dressing tables, bureaus, dressers, etc., shall be constructed entirely of approved incombustible materials; except that a combustible veneer not exceeding 1/8 inch may be used on the top surface of such articles.

(2) All free standing furniture such as chairs, sofas, tables, etc., shall be constructed with frames of approved incombustible materials.

(3) All draperies shall be of approved fire resistant fabrics.

(4) All rugs and carpets shall be of wool or other material having equivalent fire resistive qualities.

(b) Waste paper baskets shall be constructed of approved incombustible materials with solid sides and bottoms.

(c) Passageways and stairway enclosures shall contain only fire resistant furnishings. In addition, all upholstery and padding of chairs, sofas, etc., in these areas, shall be of approved fire resistant materials.

§ 72.05-90 Vessels contracted for prior to May 26, 1965.
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(a) Vessels of 100 gross tons and over, contracted for prior to May 26, 1965, on an international voyage; and vessels of 100 gross tons and over, contracted for on or after May 28, 1936, and prior to May 26, 1965, not on an international voyage; shall meet the following requirements:

(1) Existing structure, arrangements, and materials previously approved will be considered satisfactory so long as they meet the minimum requirements of this paragraph and are maintained in good condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Minor repairs and alterations may be made to the same standards as the original construction.

(2) The details shall be in general agreement with §§72.05–5 through 72.05–60.

(b) Vessels of 100 gross tons and over, contracted for prior to May 28, 1936, not on an international voyage, shall meet the following requirements:

(1) Existing structure, arrangements, and materials previously approved will be considered satisfactory so long as they meet the minimum requirements of this paragraph and are maintained in good condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Minor repairs and alterations may be made to the same standards as the original construction.

(2) All vessels in ocean or coastwise service shall be fitted above the bulkhead deck with fire-resisting bulkheads and doors spaced not more than 131 feet apart which are capable of resisting the passage of flame for a period of at least 1 hour.

(3) All vessels with berth or stateroom accommodations for 50 or more passengers shall be fitted with an approved automatic sprinkling system unless deemed unnecessary by the Commandant. This system shall be so installed as to protect all enclosed parts of the vessel accessible to passengers or crew while the vessel is being navigated, except cargo holds, machinery spaces, and when of fire-resisting construction, toilets, bathrooms, and spaces of similar construction. Where, in the case of a particular vessel, the Commandant does not consider the installation of an automatic water-sprinkling system necessary, such vessel shall be protected in such enclosed parts of the vessel as the Commandant shall deem necessary, with an automatic electric or pneumatic fire-detecting and alarm system, used singly or in combination, of a type approved by the Commandant.

(c) Vessels of less than 100 gross tons, contracted for prior to May 26, 1965, which carry more than 150 passengers, shall meet the following requirements:

(1) Existing structure, arrangements, and materials previously approved will be considered satisfactory so long as they meet the minimum requirements of this paragraph and are maintained in good condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Minor repairs and alterations may be made to the same standards as the original construction.

(2) For such vessels, contracted for on or after November 19, 1952, and prior to May 26, 1965, on an international voyage, the details shall be in general agreement with §§72.05–5 through 72.05–60.

[CGFR 67–87, 32 FR 19180, Dec. 20, 1967]

Subpart 72.10—Means of Escape
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§ 72.10-1 Application.
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(a) The provisions of this subpart, with the exception of §72.10–90, shall apply to all vessels contracted for on or after November 19, 1952. Vessels contracted for prior to November 19, 1952, shall meet the requirements of §72.10–90.

(b) [Reserved]

§ 72.10-5 Two means required.
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(a) There shall be at least two means of escape from all general areas accessible to the passengers or where the crew may be quartered or normally employed. At least one of these two means of escape shall be independent of watertight doors. For stairway continuity and general requirements for stairways see §72.05–20.

(b) Elevators shall not be considered as one of the required means of escape.

(c) Stairways serving only a space and a balcony to a space shall not be considered as one of the required means of escape.

[CGFR 65–50, 30 FR 16903, Dec. 30, 1965, as amended by CGD 72–104R, 37 FR 14233, July 18, 1972]

§ 72.10-10 Location.
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(a) The two means of escape shall be as remote as practicable so as to minimize the possibility of one incident blocking both escapes.

(b) [Reserved]

§ 72.10-15 Vertical ladders not acceptable.
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(a) Vertical ladders and deck scuttles shall not in general be considered satisfactory as one of the required means of escape. However, where it is demonstrated that the installation of a stairway would be impracticable, a vertical ladder may be used as the second means of escape.

(b) [Reserved]

§ 72.10-20 No means for locking door.
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(a) No means shall be provided for locking doors giving access to either of the 2 required means of escape, except that crash doors or locking devices, capable of being easily forced in an emergency, may be employed provided a permanent and conspicuous notice to this effect is attached to both sides of the door. This paragraph shall not apply to outside doors to deckhouses where such doors are locked by key only and such key is under the control of one of the vessel's officers.

(b) [Reserved]

§ 72.10-25 Stairway size.
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(a) Stairways shall be of sufficient width to satisfactorily accommodate the number of persons having access to such stairs for escape purposes.

(b) [Reserved]

§ 72.10-30 Dead end corridors.
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(a) Dead end corridors, or the equivalent, more than 40 feet in length shall not be permitted.

(b) [Reserved]

§ 72.10-35 Public spaces.
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(a) In all cases, public spaces having a deck area of over 300 square feet shall have at least two exits. Where practicable, these exits shall give egress to different corridors, rooms, or spaces to minimize the possibility of one incident blocking both exits.

(b) [Reserved]

§ 72.10-40 Access to lifeboats.
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(a) The stairways, corridors, and doors shall be so arranged as to permit a ready and direct access to the various lifeboat embarkation areas.

(b) [Reserved]

§ 72.10-45 Weather deck communications.
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(a) Vertical communication shall be provided between the various weather decks by means of permanent inclined ladders. Where ladders are for the exclusive use of the crew for rapid communication, and do not form part of a normal escape route, vertical ladders may be employed.

(b) [Reserved]

§ 72.10-90 Vessels contracted for prior to November 19, 1952.
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(a) Existing arrangements previously approved will be considered satisfactory so long as they are maintained in good condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Minor repairs and alterations may be made to the same standards as the original design provided that in no case will a greater departure from the standards of §§72.10–5 through 72.10–45 be permitted than presently exists. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed as exempting any vessel from having 2 suitable means of escape from all main compartments which are accessible to the passengers or where the crew are normally quartered or employed.

(b) [Reserved]

Subpart 72.15—Ventilation
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§ 72.15-1 Application.
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(a) The provisions of this subpart with the exception of §72.15–90, shall apply to all vessels contracted for on or after November 19, 1952. Vessels contracted for prior to November 19, 1952, shall meet the requirements of §72.15–90.

(b) [Reserved]

§ 72.15-5 Structural fire protection.
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See §72.05–50 for ventilation requirements pertaining to structural fire protection.

[CGD 72–104R, 37 FR 14233, July 18, 1972]

§ 72.15-10 Vessels using fuel having a flashpoint of 110 degrees F. or lower.
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(a) Where liquid fuel having a flashpoint of 110 degrees F. or lower is used for main or auxiliary machinery or for starting purposes, the spaces containing such machinery or fuel tanks shall have natural supply and mechanical ventilation as required by this section.

(b) The requirements for the mechanical exhaust system shall be such as to assure the air changes as noted in table 72.15–10(b), depending upon the size of the space.


Table 72.15-10(b)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Size of space, cubic feet Minutes
-------------------------------------------------------------- per air
Over Not over change
------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 2
500............................................... 1,000 3
1,000............................................. 1,500 4
1,500............................................. ......... 5
------------------------------------------------------------------------


(c) Exhaust blower motors shall be outside of the ducts, and if mounted in any compartment required to be ventilated by this section, shall be of the explosion proof type. Blower blades shall be non-sparking with reference to their housings.

(d) Exhaust blower switches shall be located outside of any space required to be ventilated by this section, and shall be of the type interlocked with the ignition switch so that the blowers are started before the engine ignition is switched on. A red warning sign at the switch shall state that the blowers shall be operated prior to starting the engines for a sufficient time to insure at least one complete change of air in the compartments.

(e) The area of the ducts shall be such as to limit the air velocity to a maximum of 2,000 feet per minute. Ducts may be of any shape, provided that in no case shall 1 dimension exceed twice the other.

(f) At least 2 inlet ducts shall be located at 1 end of the compartment and they shall extend to the lowest part of the compartment or bilge on each side. Simliar exhaust ducts shall be led to the mechanical exhaust system from the lowest part of the compartment or bilge on each side of the compartment at the end opposite from that at which the inlet ducts are fitted.

(g) All ducts shall be constructed of non-ferrous metal or galvanized ferrous metal not less than No. 22 USSG, intact and gastight from end to end and shall be of substantial construction. The ducts shall lead as direct as possible and be properly fastened and supported.

(h) All supply ducts shall be provided with cowls or scoops having a free area not less than twice the required duct area. When the cowls or scoops are screened, the mouth area shall be increased to compensate for the area of the screen wire. Dampers shall not be fitted in the supply ducts. Cowls or scoops shall be kept open at all times except when the stress of weather is such as to endanger the vessel if the openings are not temporarily closed. Supply and exhaust openings shall not be located where the natural flow of air is unduly obstructed, or adjacent to possible sources of vapor ignition, nor shall they be so located that exhaust air may be taken into the supply vents.

§ 72.15-15 Ventilation for closed spaces.
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(a) All enclosed spaces within the vessel shall be properly vented or ventilated. Means shall be provided to close off all vents and ventilators.

(b) Means shall be provided for stopping all fans in ventilation systems serving machinery and cargo spaces and for closing all doorways, ventilators and annular spaces around funnels and other openings to such spaces, from outside these spaces, in case of fire.

(c) The ventilation of spaces which are “specially suitable for vehicles” shall be in accordance with the provisions of this paragraph. In addition, if vehicles are operated inside of enclosed spaces, the ventilation shall be in accordance with subpart 78.83 of this subchapter.

(1) Areas below the weather deck shall be provided with continuous pressure-positive ventilation at each level on which vehicles are transported.

(2) The quantity of ventilating air shall be not less than 1 cubic foot per minute per square foot of deck area.

(3) The ventilation shall be such as to prevent air stratification as well as to prevent accumulation of air pockets.

(4) An alarm system shall be provided which will indicate the loss of required ventilation. The alarm location shall be in a normally manned space acceptable to the Commandant.

[CGFR 66–50, 30 FR 16903, Dec. 30, 1965, as amended by CGFR 66–33, 31 FR 15281, Dec. 6, 1966]

§ 72.15-20 Ventilation for crew quarters and passenger spaces.
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(a) All crew and passenger spaces shall be adequately ventilated in a manner suitable to the purpose of the space.

(b) On vessels of 100 gross tons and over, except for such spaces as are so located that under all ordinary conditions of weather, windows, ports, skylights, etc., and doors to passageways can be kept open, all crew spaces shall be ventilated by a mechanical system, unless it can be shown that a natural system will provide adequate ventilation. However, vessels which trade regularly in the tropics shall, in general, be fitted with a mechanical ventilation system.

§ 72.15-90 Vessels contracted for prior to November 19, 1952.
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(a) Existing arrangements previously approved will be considered satisfactory so long as they are maintained in good condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Minor repairs and alterations may be made to the same standards as the original design provided that in no case will a greater departure from the standards of §§72.15–5 through 72.15–20 be permitted than presently exists.

(b) [Reserved]

Subpart 72.20—Accommodations for Officers and Crew
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Source: CGD 95–027, 61 FR 26002, May 23, 1996, unless otherwise noted.

§ 72.20-1 Application.
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The provisions of this part, except §72.20–90, apply to all vessels contracted for after November 18, 1952. Vessels contracted for before November 19, 1952, must meet the requirements of §72.20–90.

§ 72.20-5 Intent.
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Accomodations provided for officers and crew on all vessels shall be securely constructed, properly lighted, heated, drained, ventilated, equipped, located, arranged, and insulated from undue noise, heat, and odors.

§ 72.20-10 Location of crew spaces.
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(a) Crew quarters must not be located farther forward in the vessel than a vertical plane located at 5 percent of the vessel's length abaft the forward side of the stem at the designed summer load water line. However, for vessels in other than ocean or coastwise service, this distance need not exceed 8.5 meters (28 feet). For the purpose of this paragraph, the vessel's length must be as defined in §43.15–1 of subchapter E (Load Lines) of this chapter. Unless approved by the Commandant, no section of the deck head of the crew spaces may be below the deepest load line.

(b) There must be no direct communication, except through solid, close fitted doors or hatches between crew spaces and chain lockers, or machinery spaces.

§ 72.20-15 Construction.
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All crew spaces are to be constructed and arranged in a manner suitable to the purpose for which they are intended and so that they can be kept in a clean, workable, and sanitary condition.

§ 72.20-20 Sleeping accommodations.
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(a) Where practicable, each licensed officer shall be provided with a separate stateroom.

(b) Sleeping accommodations for the crew must be divided into rooms, no one of which shall berth more than 4 persons.

(c) Each room shall be of such size that there is at least 2.78 square meters (30 square feet) of deck area and a volume of at least 5.8 cubic meters (210 cubic feet) for each person accommodated. The clear head room shall be not less than 190 centimeters (75 inches). In measuring sleeping accommodations any furnishings contained therein for the use of the occupants are not to be deducted from the total volume or from the deck area.

(d) Each person shall have a separate berth and not more than one berth may be placed above another. The berth must be composed of materials not likely to corrode. The overall size of a berth must not be less than 68 centimeters (27 inches) wide by 190 centimeters (75 inches) long, except by special permission of the Commandant. Where two tiers of berths are fitted, the bottom of the lower berth must not be less than 30 centimeters (12 inches) above the deck. The berths must not be obstructed by pipes, ventilating ducts, or other installations.

(e) A locker must be provided for each person accommodated in a room.

§ 72.20-25 Washrooms and toilet rooms.
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(a) There must be at least 1 toilet, 1 washbasin, and 1 shower or bathtub for each 8 members or portion thereof in the crew who do not occupy sleeping accommodations to which private or semi-private facilities are attached.

(b) The toilet rooms and washrooms shall be located convenient to the sleeping quarters of the crew to which they are allotted but must not open directly into such quarters except when they are provided as private or semi-private facilities.

(c) All washbasins, showers, and bathtubs must be equipped with adequate plumbing, including hot and cold running water. All toilets must be installed with adequate plumbing for flushing.

(d) At least 1 washbasin must be fitted in each toilet room, except where private or semi-private facilities are provided and washbasins are installed in the sleeping rooms.

(e) Where more than 1 toilet is located in a space or compartment, each toilet must be separated by partitions.

§ 72.20-30 Messrooms.
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(a) Messrooms must be located as near to the galley as practicable except where the messroom is equipped with a steam table.

(b) Each messroom must seat the number of persons expected to eat in the messroom at one time.

§ 72.20-35 Hospital space.
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(a) Each vessel which in the ordinary course of its trade makes voyages of more than 3 days duration between ports and which carries a crew of 12 or more, must be provided with a hospital space. This space must be situated with due regard to the comfort of the sick so that they may receive proper attention in all weathers.

(b) The hospital must be suitably separated from other spaces and must be used for the care of the sick and for no other purpose.

(c) The hospital must be fitted with berths in the ratio of 1 berth to every 12 members of the crew, or portion thereof, who are not berthed in single occupancy rooms, but the number of berths need not exceed 6.

(d) The hospital must have a toilet, washbasin, and bathtub or shower conveniently situated. Other necessary suitable equipment such as a clothes locker, a table, and a seat must be provided.

§ 72.20-40 Other spaces.
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Each vessel must have—

(a) Sufficient facilities where the crew may wash and dry their own clothes, including at least 1 sink supplied with hot and cold fresh water;

(b) Recreation spaces; and

(c) A space or spaces of adequate size on an open deck to which the crew has access when off duty.

§ 72.20-45 Lighting.
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Each berth must have a light.

§ 72.20-50 Heating and cooling.
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(a) All manned spaces must be adequately heated and cooled in a manner suitable to the purpose of the space.

(b) The heating and cooling system for accommodations must be capable of maintaining a temperature of 21 °C (70 °F) under normal operating conditions without curtailing ventilation.

(c) Radiators and other heating apparatus must be so placed and shielded, where necessary, to avoid risk of fire, danger or discomfort to the occupants. Pipes leading to radiators or heating apparatus must be insulated where those pipes create a hazard to persons occupying the space.

§ 72.20-55 Insect screens.
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Provisions must be made to protect the crew quarters against the admission of insects.

§ 72.20-90 Vessels contracted for prior to November 19, 1952.
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(a) Vessels of 100 gross tons and over, contracted for prior to March 4, 1915, must meet the requirements of this paragraph.

(1) Existing structure, arrangements, materials, and facilities, previously approved will be considered satisfactory so long as they are maintained in a suitable condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.

(2) Minor repairs and alterations may be made to the same standard as the original construction provided that in no case will a greater departure from the standards of §§72.20–5 through 72.20–55 be permitted than presently exists.

(b) Vessels of 100 gross tons and over, contracted for on or after March 4, 1915, but prior to January 1, 1941, must meet the following requirements:

(1) Existing structure, arrangements, materials, and facilities, previously accepted or approved will be considered satisfactory so long as they are maintained in good condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Minor repairs and alterations may be made to the same standard as the original construction.

(2) Where reasonable and practicable, a minimum of 1 toilet, shower, and washbasin must be provided for each 10 members of the crew or fraction thereof.

(3) Crew spaces must have a volume of at least 3.4 cubic meters (120 cubic feet) and a deck area of at least 1.5 square meters (16 square feet) for each person accommodated.

(4) Each crewmember shall have a separate berth, and berths may not be placed more than 2 high.

(5) Each vessel, which in the ordinary course of its trade makes a voyage of more than 3 days duration between ports and which carries a crew of 12 or more persons, must be provided with a suitable hospital space for the exclusive use of the sick or injured. Berths must be provided in the ratio of 1 berth for each 12 members of the crew or fraction thereof, but the number of berths need not exceed 6.

(6) The crew spaces must be securely constructed, properly lighted, heated, drained, ventilated, equipped, located, and arranged, and, practicable, must be insulated from undue noise and odors.

(c) Vessels of 100 gross tons and over, contracted for on or after January 1, 1941, but prior to November 19, 1952, must meet the requirements of this paragraph.

(1) Existing structure, arrangements, materials, and facilities, previously accepted or approved will be considered satisfactory so long as they are maintained in a good condition to the satisfaction of the Office in Charge, Marine Inspection. Minor repairs and alterations may be made to the same standard as the original construction.

(2) There must be a minimum of 1 toilet, 1 shower, and 1 washbasin for each 8 members of the crew or fraction thereof who are not accommodated in rooms having attached private or semi-private facilities. Washbasins, showers, and bathtubs, if substituted for showers, must be equipped with adequate plumbing, including hot and cold running water.

(3) Crew spaces must have a volume of at least 3.4 cubic meters (120 cubic feet) and a deck of at least 1.5 square meters (16 square feet) for each person accommodated.

(4) Each crewmember shall have a separate berth, and berths may not be placed more than two high.

(5) Each vessel, which in the ordinary course of its trade makes a voyage of more than 3 days duration between ports and which carries a crew of 12 or more persons, must be provided with a suitable hospital space for the exclusive use of the sick or injured. Berths must be provided in the ratio of 1 berth for each 12 members of the crew or fraction thereof, but the member of berths need not exceed 6.

(6) The crew spaces must be securely constructed, properly lighted, heated, drained, ventilated, equipped, located, and arranged, and, where practicable, must be insulated from undue noise heat, and odors.

[CGD 95–027, 61 FR 26002, May 23, 1996; 61 FR 35138, July 5, 1996]

Subpart 72.25—Passenger Accommodations
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§ 72.25-1 Application.
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(a) The provisions of this subpart shall apply to all vessels.

(b) [Reserved]

§ 72.25-10 Location of passenger quarters.
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(a) The deck forming the deckhead of passenger quarters between adjacent watertight bulkheads shall not be below the deepest load line at any point within the watertight compartment in question.

(b) [Reserved]

§ 72.25-15 Passenger accommodations for excursion boats, ferryboats, and passenger barges.
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(a) Except as specifically excluded by this section, separate public toilet spaces shall be provided for male and female passengers with at least the minimum equipment in each based upon the number of passengers permitted to be carried as set forth in table 72.25–15(a).


Table 72.25-15(a)
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Number of passengers
-------------------------------------------------- Toilets Washbasins
Over Not over
------------------------------------------------------------------------ (continued)