CCLME.ORG - 40 CFR PART 468—COPPER FORMING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY

National
United States Regulations
40 CFR PART 468—COPPER FORMING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY

PART 468—COPPER FORMING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY

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Authority: Secs. 301, 304 (b), (c), (e), and (g), 306 (b) and (c), 307 (b) and (c), and 501 of the Clean Water Act (the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972, as amended by the Clean Water Act of 1977) the “Act”); 33 U.S.C. 1311, 1314 (b), (c), (e), and (g), 1316 (b) and (c), 1317 (b) and (c), and 1361; 86 Stat. 816, Pub. L. 92–500; 91 Stat. 1567, Pub. L. 95–217.

Source: 48 FR 36957, Aug. 15, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

General Provisions
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§ 468.01 Applicability.
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(a) The provisions of this part are applicable to discharges resulting from the manufacture of formed copper and copper alloy products. The forming operations covered are hot rolling, cold rolling, drawing, extrusion and forging. This part does not regulate the forming of precious metals. (See 40 CFR part 471). The casting of copper and copper alloys is not covered by this part. (See 40 CFR part 464).

(b) The discharge allowance for drawing spent lubricant of 40 CFR 468.11(c), 468.14(c), and 468.15(c) are applicable only to those plants that actually discharge the drawing spent lubricant waste stream at copper forming sites. No discharge allowance is applicable or allowable where these wastewaters are hauled off-site for disposal or are otherwise not discharged at copper forming sites.

[51 FR 22521, June 20, 1986]

§ 468.02 Specialized definitions.
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In addition to the definitions set forth in 40 CFR part 401 and the chemical analysis methods in 40 CFR part 136, the following definitions apply to this part:

(a) The term “alkaline cleaning bath” shall mean a bath consisting of an alkaline cleaning solution through which a workpiece is processed.

(b) The term “alkaline cleaning rinse” shall mean a rinse following an alkaline cleaning bath through which a workpiece is processed. A rinse consisting of a series of rinse tanks is considered as a single rinse.

(c) The term “ancillary operation” shall mean any operation associated with a primary forming operation. These ancillary operations include surface and heat treatment, hydrotesting, sawing, and surface coating.

(d) The term “annealing with oil” shall mean the use of oil to quench a workpiece as it passes from an annealing furnace.

(e) The term “annealing with water” shall mean the use of a water spray or bath, of which water is the major constituent, to quench a workpiece as it passes from an annealing furnace.

(f) The term “cold rolling” shall mean the process of rolling a workpiece below the recrystallization temperature of the copper or copper alloy.

(g) The term “drawing” shall mean pulling the workpiece through a die or succession of dies to reduce the diameter or alter its shape.

(h) The term “extrusion” shall mean the application of pressure to a copper workpiece, forcing the copper to flow through a die orifice.

(i) The term “extrusion heat treatment” shall mean the spray application of water to a workpiece immediately following extrusions for the purpose of heat treatment.

(j) The term “heat treatment” shall mean the application or removal of heat to a workpiece to change the physical properties of the metal.

(k) The term “pickling bath” shall mean any chemical bath (other than alkaline cleaning) through which a workpiece is processed.

(l) The term “pickling fume scrubber” shall mean the process of using an air pollution control device to remove particulates and fumes from air above a pickling bath by entraining the pollutants in water.

(m) The term “pickling rinse” shall mean a rinse, other than an alkaline cleaning rinse, through which a workpiece is processed. A rinse consisting of a series of rinse tanks is considered as a single rinse.

(n) The term “off-kilogram (off-pound)” shall mean the mass of copper or copper alloy removed from a forming or ancillary operation at the end of a process cycle for transfer to a different machine or process.

(o) The term “rolling” shall mean the reduction in the thickness or diameter of a workpiece by passing it between rollers.

(p) The term “solution heat treatment” shall mean the process introducing a workpiece into a quench bath for the purpose of heat treatment following rolling, drawing or extrusion.

(q) The term “spent lubricant” shall mean water or an oil-water mixture which is used in forming operations to reduce friction, heat and wear and ultimately discharged.

(r) The term “Total Toxic Organics (TTO)” shall mean the sum of the masses or concentrations of each of the following toxic organic compounds which is found at a concentration greater than 0.010 mg/l.

Benzene

1,1,1-Trichloroethane chloroform

2,6-Dinitrotoluene ethylbenzene methylene chloride napthalene

N-nitrosodiphenylamine anthracene phenanthrene toluene trichloroethylene

(s) The term “alkaline cleaning rinse for forged parts” shall mean a rinse following an alkaline cleaning bath through which a forged part is processed. A rinse consisting of a series of rinse tanks is considered as a single rinse.

(t) The term “pickling rinse for forged parts” shall mean a rinse, other than an alkaline cleaning rinse, through which forged parts are processed. A rinse consisting of a series of rinse tanks is considered as a single rinse.

(u) The term “tumbling or burnishing” shall mean the process of polishing, deburring, removing sharp corners, and generally smoothing parts for both cosmetic and functional purposes, as well as the process of washing the finished parts and cleaning the abrasion media.

(v) The term “surface coating” shall mean the process of coating a copper workpiece as well as the associated surface finishing and flattening.

(w) The term “miscellaneous waste stream” shall mean the following additional waste streams related to forming copper: hydrotesting, sawing, surface milling, and maintenance.

(x) The term “precious metals” shall mean gold, platinum, palladium and silver and their alloys. Any alloy containing 30 or greater percent by weight of precious metals is considered a precious metal.

(y) The term “beryllium copper alloy” shall mean any copper alloy that is alloyed to contain 0.10 percent or greater beryllium.

[48 FR 36957, Aug. 15, 1983; 48 FR 50718, Nov. 3, 1983, as amended at 50 FR 34334, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 7571, Mar. 5, 1986]

§ 468.03 Monitoring and reporting requirements.
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The following special monitoring requirements apply to all facilities controlled by this regulation.

(a) The “monthly average” regulatory values shall be the basis for the monthly average discharge in direct discharge permits and for pretreatment standards. Compliance with the monthly discharge limit is required regardless of the number of samples analyzed and averaged.

(b) As an alternate monitoring procedure for TTO, indirect dischargers may monitor for oil and grease and meet the alternate monitoring standards for oil and grease established for PSES and PSNS. Any indirect discharger meeting the alternate monitoring oil and grease standards shall be considered to meet the TTO standard.

§ 468.04 Compliance date for PSES.
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The compliance date for pretreatment standards for existing sources is August 15, 1986.

[48 FR 36957, Aug. 15, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 41410, Sept. 15, 1983]

Subpart A—Copper Forming Subcategory
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§ 468.10 Applicability; description of the copper forming subcategory.
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This subpart applies to discharges of pollutants to waters of the United States, and introduction of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works from the forming of copper and copper alloys except beryllium copper alloys.

[51 FR 7571, Mar. 5, 1986]

§ 468.11 Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT).
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Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available:

(a) Subpart A—Hot Rolling Spent Lubricant BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for any 1 Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property day monthly average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric units_mg/
off-kg of copper
or copper alloy
hot rolled
English
units_pounds per
1,000,000 off-
pounds of copper
or copper alloy
hot rolled
-------------------------------------
Chromium.......................... 0.045 0.018
Copper............................ 0.195 0.103
Lead.............................. 0.015 0.013
Nickel............................ 0.197 0.130
Zinc.............................. 0.150 0.062
Oil and grease.................... 2.060 1.236
TSS............................... 4.223 2.008
pH................................ (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(b) Subpart A—Cold Rolling Spent Lubricant BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for any 1 Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property day monthly average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric units_mg/
off-kg of copper
or copper alloy
cold rolled
English
units_pounds per
1,000,000 off-
pounds of copper
or copper alloy
cold rolled
-------------------------------------
Chromium.......................... 0.166 0.068
Copper............................ 0.720 0.379
Lead.............................. 0.056 0.049
Nickel............................ 0.727 0.481
Zinc.............................. 0.553 0.231
Oil and grease.................... 7.580 4.548
TSS............................... 15.539 7.390
pH................................ (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(c) Subpart A—Drawing Spent Lubricant BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/
off-kg of
copper or
copper
alloy drawn
English
units_pound
s per
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper
or copper
alloy drawn
-------------------------
Chromium...................................... 0.037 0.015
Copper........................................ 0.161 0.085
Lead.......................................... 0.012 0.011
Nickel........................................ 0.163 0.107
Zinc.......................................... 0.124 0.051
Oil and grease................................ 1.700 1.020
TSS........................................... 3.485 1.657
pH............................................ (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(d) Subpart A—Solution Heat Treatment BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/
off-kg of
copper or
copper
alloy heat
treated
English
units_pound
s per
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper
or copper
alloy heat
treated
-------------------------
Chromium...................................... 1.118 0.457
Copper........................................ 4.827 2.541
Lead.......................................... 0.381 0.330
Nickel........................................ 4.878 3.227
Zinc.......................................... 3.709 1.550
Oil and grease................................ 50.820 30.492
TSS........................................... 104.181 49.549
pH............................................ (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(e) Subpart A—Extrusion Heat Treatment BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/off-
kg of copper
or copper
alloy heat
treated on
an extrusion
press
English
units_pounds
per
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper or
copper alloy
heat treated
on an
extrusion
press
---------------------------
Chromium.................................... 0.00088 0.00036
Copper...................................... 0.003 0.002
Lead........................................ 0.0003 0.00026
Nickel...................................... 0.003 0.002
Zinc........................................ 0.002 0.001
Oil and grease.............................. 0.040 0.024
TSS......................................... 0.082 0.039
pH.......................................... (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(f) Subpart A—Annealing With Water BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/
off-kg of
copper or
copper
annealed
with water
English
units_pound
s per
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper
or copper
alloy
annealed
with water
-------------------------
Chromium...................................... 2.493 1.020
Copper........................................ 10.767 5.667
Lead.......................................... 0.850 0.736
Nickel........................................ 10.880 7.197
Zinc.......................................... 8.273 3.456
Oil and grease................................ 113.340 68.004
TSS........................................... 232.347 110.506
pH............................................ (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(g) Subpart A—Annealing With Oil BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/
off-kg of
copper or
copper
alloy
annealed
with oil
English
units_pound
s per
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper
or copper
alloy
annealed
with oil
-------------------------
Chromium...................................... 0 0
Copper........................................ 0 0
Lead.......................................... 0 0
Nickel........................................ 0 0
Zinc.......................................... 0 0
Oil and grease................................ 0 0
TSS........................................... 0 0
pH............................................ (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(h) Subpart A—Alkaline Cleaning Rinse BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/
off-kg of
copper or
copper
alloy
alkaline
cleaned
English
units_pound
s per
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper
or copper
alloy
alkaline
cleaned
-------------------------
Chromium...................................... 1.854 0.758
Copper........................................ 8.006 4.214
Lead.......................................... 0.632 0.547
Nickel........................................ 8.090 5.351
Zinc.......................................... 6.152 2.570
Oil and grease................................ 84.280 50.568
TSS........................................... 172.774 82.173
pH............................................ (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(i) Subpart A—Alkaline Cleaning Rinse for Forged Parts BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/
off-kg of
copper or
copper
alloy
forged
parts
alkaline
cleaned
English
units_pound
s per
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper
or copper
alloy
forged
parts
alkaline
cleaned
-------------------------
Chromium...................................... 5.562 2.275
Copper........................................ 24.019 12.642
Lead.......................................... 1.896 1.643
Nickel........................................ 24.272 16.055
Zinc.......................................... 18.457 7.711
Oil and grease................................ 252.840 151.704
TSS........................................... 518.322 246.519
pH............................................ (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(j) Subpart A—Alkaline Cleaning Bath BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/
off-kg of
copper or
copper
alloy parts
alkaline
cleaned
English
units_pound
s per
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper
or copper
alloy
forged
parts
alkaline
cleaned
-------------------------
Chromium...................................... 0.020 0.0084
Copper........................................ 0.089 0.046
Lead.......................................... 0.0070 0.0060
Nickel........................................ 0.089 0.059
Zinc.......................................... 0.068 0.028
Oil and grease................................ 0.93 0.56
TSS........................................... 1.91 0.91
pH............................................ (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(k) Subpart A—Pickling Rinse BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/
off-kg of
copper or
copper
alloy
pickled
English
units_pound
s per/
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper
or copper
alloy
pickled
-------------------------
Chromium...................................... 1.593 0.651
Copper........................................ 6.881 3.622
Lead.......................................... 0.543 0.470
Nickel........................................ 6.954 4.599
Zinc.......................................... 5.288 2.209
Oil and grease................................ 72.440 43.464
TSS........................................... 148.502 70.629
pH............................................ (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(l) Subpart A—Pickling Rinse for Forged Parts BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/
off-kg of
copper or
copper
alloy
forged
parts
pickled
English
units_pound
s per/
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper
or copper
alloy
forged
parts
pickled
-------------------------
romium........................................ 1.723 0.705
Copper........................................ 7.444 3.918
Lead.......................................... 0.587 0.509
Nickel........................................ 7.522 4.975
Zinc.......................................... 5.720 2.389
Oil and grease................................ 78.360 47.016
TSS........................................... 160.638 76.401
pH............................................ (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(m) Subpart A—Pickling Bath BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/
off-kg of
copper or
copper
alloy
pickled
English
units_pound
s per
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper
or copper
alloy
pickle
-------------------------
Chromium...................................... 0.051 0.020
Copper........................................ 0.220 0.116
Lead.......................................... 0.017 0.015
Nickel........................................ 0.222 0.147
Zinc.......................................... 0.169 0.070
Oil and grease................................ 2.320 1.392
TSS........................................... 4.756 2.262
pH............................................ (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(n) Subpart A—Pickling Fume Scrubber BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/
off-kg of
copper or
copper
alloy
pickled
English
units_pound
s per
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper
or copper
alloy
pickled
-------------------------
Chromium...................................... 0.275 0.112
Copper........................................ 1.189 0.626
Lead.......................................... 0.093 0.081
Nickel........................................ 1.201 0.795
Zinc.......................................... 0.913 0.381
Oil and grease................................ 12.520 7.512
TSS........................................... 25.666 12.207
pH............................................ (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(o) Subpart A—Tumbling or Burnishing BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/
off-kg of
copper or
copper
alloy
tumbled or
burnished
English
units_pound
s per
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper
or copper
alloy
tumbled or
burnished
-------------------------
Chromium...................................... 0.256 0.104
Copper........................................ 1.107 0.583
Lead.......................................... 0.087 0.075
Nickel........................................ 1.119 0.740
Zinc.......................................... 0.851 0.355
Oil and grease................................ 11.660 6.996
TSS........................................... 23.903 11.368
pH............................................ (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(p) Subpart A—Surface Coating BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/
off-kg of
copper or
copper
alloy
surface
coated
English
units_pound
s per
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper
or copper
alloy
surface
coated
-------------------------
Chromium...................................... 0.326 0.133
Copper........................................ 1.411 0.743
Lead.......................................... 0.111 0.096
Nickel........................................ 1.426 0.943
Zinc.......................................... 1.084 0.453
Oil and grease................................ 14.680 8.916
TSS........................................... 30.463 14.488
ph............................................ (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(q) Subpart A—Miscellaneous Waste Streams BPT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/
off-kg of
copper or
copper
alloy
formed
English
units_pound
s per
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper
or copper
alloy
formed
-------------------------
Chromium...................................... 0.009 0.003
Copper........................................ 0.041 0.021
Lead.......................................... 0.003 0.002
Nickel........................................ 0.041 0.027
Zinc.......................................... 0.031 0.013
Oil and grease................................ 0.436 0.261
TSS........................................... 0.893 0.425
pH............................................ (\1\) (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

§ 468.12 Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable.
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Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT):

(a) Subpart A—Hot Rolling Spent Lubricant BAT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/
off-kg of
copper or
copper
alloy hot
rolled
English
Units_pound
s per
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper
or copper
alloy hot
rolled
-------------------------
Chromium...................................... 0.045 0.018
Copper........................................ 0.195 0.103
Lead.......................................... 0.015 0.013
Nickel........................................ 0.197 0.130
Zinc.......................................... 0.150 0.062
------------------------------------------------------------------------

(b) Subpart A—Cold Rolling Spent Lubricant BAT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for
Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for monthly
any 1 day average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metric
units_mg/
off-kg of
copper or
copper
alloy cold
rolled
English
units_pound
s per
1,000,000
off-pounds
of copper
or copper
alloy cold
rolled
-------------------------
Chromium...................................... 0.166 0.068
Copper........................................ 0.720 0.379
Lead.......................................... 0.056 0.049
Nickel........................................ 0.727 0.481
Zinc.......................................... 0.553 0.231
------------------------------------------------------------------------

(c) Subpart A—Drawing Spent Lubricant BAT Effluent Limitations.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum for (continued)