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(6) The treatability study does not involve the placement of hazardous waste on the land or open burning of hazardous waste.
(7) The facility maintains records for 3 years following completion of each study that show compliance with the treatment rate limits and the storage time and quantity limits. The following specific information must be included for each treatability study conducted:
(i) The name, address, and EPA identification number of the generator or sample collector of each waste sample;
(ii) The date the shipment was received;
(iii) The quantity of waste accepted;
(iv) The quantity of “as received” waste in storage each day;
(v) The date the treatment study was initiated and the amount of “as received” waste introduced to treatment each day;
(vi) The date the treatability study was concluded;
(vii) The date any unused sample or residues generated from the treatability study were returned to the generator or sample collector or, if sent to a designated facility, the name of the facility and the EPA identification number.
(8) The facility keeps, on-site, a copy of the treatability study contract and all shipping papers associated with the transport of treatability study samples to and from the facility for a period ending 3 years from the completion date of each treatability study.
(9) The facility prepares and submits a report to the Regional Administrator, or State Director (if located in an authorized State), by March 15 of each year that estimates the number of studies and the amount of waste expected to be used in treatability studies during the current year, and includes the following information for the previous calendar year:
(i) The name, address, and EPA identification number of the facility conducting the treatability studies;
(ii) The types (by process) of treatability studies conducted;
(iii) The names and addresses of persons for whom studies have been conducted (including their EPA identification numbers);
(iv) The total quantity of waste in storage each day;
(v) The quantity and types of waste subjected to treatability studies;
(vi) When each treatability study was conducted;
(vii) The final disposition of residues and unused sample from each treatability study.
(10) The facility determines whether any unused sample or residues generated by the treatability study are hazardous waste under §261.3 and, if so, are subject to parts 261 through 268, and part 270 of this chapter, unless the residues and unused samples are returned to the sample originator under the §261.4(e) exemption.
(11) The facility notifies the Regional Administrator, or State Director (if located in an authorized State), by letter when the facility is no longer planning to conduct any treatability studies at the site.
(g) Dredged material that is not a hazardous waste. Dredged material that is subject to the requirements of a permit that has been issued under 404 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C.1344) or section 103 of the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1413) is not a hazardous waste. For this paragraph (g), the following definitions apply:
(1) The term dredged material has the same meaning as defined in 40 CFR 232.2;
(2) The term permit means:
(i) A permit issued by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) or an approved State under section 404 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1344);
(ii) A permit issued by the Corps under section 103 of the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1413); or
(iii) In the case of Corps civil works projects, the administrative equivalent of the permits referred to in paragraphs (g)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section, as provided for in Corps regulations (for example, see 33 CFR 336.1, 336.2, and 337.6).
[45 FR 33119, May 19, 1980]
Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting §261.4, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and on GPO Access.
§ 261.5 Special requirements for hazardous waste generated by conditionally exempt small quantity generators.
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(a) A generator is a conditionally exempt small quantity generator in a calendar month if he generates no more than 100 kilograms of hazardous waste in that month.
(b) Except for those wastes identified in paragraphs (e), (f), (g), and (j) of this section, a conditionally exempt small quantity generator's hazardous wastes are not subject to regulation under parts 262 through 266, 268, and parts 270 and 124 of this chapter, and the notification requirements of section 3010 of RCRA, provided the generator complies with the requirements of paragraphs (f), (g), and (j) of this section.
(c) When making the quantity determinations of this part and 40 CFR part 262, the generator must include all hazardous waste that it generates, except hazardous waste that:
(1) Is exempt from regulation under 40 CFR 261.4(c) through (f), 261.6(a)(3), 261.7(a)(1), or 261.8; or
(2) Is managed immediately upon generation only in on-site elementary neutralization units, wastewater treatment units, or totally enclosed treatment facilities as defined in 40 CFR 260.10; or
(3) Is recycled, without prior storage or accumulation, only in an on-site process subject to regulation under 40 CFR 261.6(c)(2); or
(4) Is used oil managed under the requirements of 40 CFR 261.6(a)(4) and 40 CFR part 279; or
(5) Is spent lead-acid batteries managed under the requirements of 40 CFR part 266, subpart G; or
(6) Is universal waste managed under 40 CFR 261.9 and 40 CFR part 273.
(d) In determining the quantity of hazardous waste generated, a generator need not include:
(1) Hazardous waste when it is removed from on-site storage; or
(2) Hazardous waste produced by on-site treatment (including reclamation) of his hazardous waste, so long as the hazardous waste that is treated was counted once; or
(3) Spent materials that are generated, reclaimed, and subsequently reused on-site, so long as such spent materials have been counted once.
(e) If a generator generates acute hazardous waste in a calendar month in quantities greater than set forth below, all quantities of that acute hazardous waste are subject to full regulation under parts 262 through 266, 268, and parts 270 and 124 of this chapter, and the notification requirements of section 3010 of RCRA:
(1) A total of one kilogram of acute hazardous wastes listed in §§261.31, 261.32, or 261.33(e).
(2) A total of 100 kilograms of any residue or contaminated soil, waste, or other debris resulting from the clean-up of a spill, into or on any land or water, of any acute hazardous wastes listed in §§261.31, 261.32, or 261.33(e).
[Comment: “Full regulation” means those regulations applicable to generators of greater than 1,000 kg of non-acutely hazardous waste in a calendar month.]
(f) In order for acute hazardous wastes generated by a generator of acute hazardous wastes in quantities equal to or less than those set forth in paragraph (e)(1) or (2) of this section to be excluded from full regulation under this section, the generator must comply with the following requirements:
(1) Section 262.11 of this chapter;
(2) The generator may accumulate acute hazardous waste on-site. If he accumulates at any time acute hazardous wastes in quantities greater than those set forth in paragraph (e)(1) or (e)(2) of this section, all of those accumulated wastes are subject to regulation under parts 262 through 266, 268, and parts 270 and 124 of this chapter, and the applicable notification requirements of section 3010 of RCRA. The time period of §262.34(a) of this chapter, for accumulation of wastes on-site, begins when the accumulated wastes exceed the applicable exclusion limit;
(3) A conditionally exempt small quantity generator may either treat or dispose of his acute hazardous waste in an on-site facility or ensure delivery to an off-site treatment, storage, or disposal facility, either of which, if located in the U.S., is:
(i) Permitted under part 270 of this chapter;
(ii) In interim status under parts 270 and 265 of this chapter;
(iii) Authorized to manage hazardous waste by a State with a hazardous waste management program approved under part 271 of this chapter;
(iv) Permitted, licensed, or registered by a State to manage municipal solid waste and, if managed in a municipal solid waste landfill is subject to Part 258 of this chapter;
(v) Permitted, licensed, or registered by a State to manage non-municipal non-hazardous waste and, if managed in a non-municipal non-hazardous waste disposal unit after January 1, 1998, is subject to the requirements in §§257.5 through 257.30 of this chapter; or
(vi) A facility which:
(A) Beneficially uses or reuses, or legitimately recycles or reclaims its waste; or
(B) Treats its waste prior to beneficial use or reuse, or legitimate recycling or reclamation; or
(vii) For universal waste managed under part 273 of this chapter, a universal waste handler or destination facility subject to the requirements of part 273 of this chapter.
(g) In order for hazardous waste generated by a conditionally exempt small quantity generator in quantities of less than 100 kilograms of hazardous waste during a calendar month to be excluded from full regulation under this section, the generator must comply with the following requirements:
(1) Section 262.11 of this chapter;
(2) The conditionally exempt small quantity generator may accumulate hazardous waste on-site. If he accumulates at any time more than a total of 1000 kilograms of his hazardous wastes, all of those accumulated wastes are subject to regulation under the special provisions of part 262 applicable to generators of between 100 kg and 1000 kg of hazardous waste in a calendar month as well as the requirements of parts 263 through 266, 268, and parts 270 and 124 of this chapter, and the applicable notification requirements of section 3010 of RCRA. The time period of §262.34(d) for accumulation of wastes on-site begins for a conditionally exempt small quantity generator when the accumulated wastes exceed 1000 kilograms;
(3) A conditionally exempt small quantity generator may either treat or dispose of his hazardous waste in an on-site facility or ensure delivery to an off-site treatment, storage or disposal facility, either of which, if located in the U.S., is:
(i) Permitted under part 270 of this chapter;
(ii) In interim status under parts 270 and 265 of this chapter;
(iii) Authorized to manage hazardous waste by a State with a hazardous waste management program approved under part 271 of this chapter;
(iv) Permitted, licensed, or registered by a State to manage municipal solid waste and, if managed in a municipal solid waste landfill is subject to Part 258 of this chapter;
(v) Permitted, licensed, or registered by a State to manage non-municipal non-hazardous waste and, if managed in a non-municipal non-hazardous waste disposal unit after January 1, 1998, is subject to the requirements in §§257.5 through 257.30 of this chapter; or
(vi) A facility which:
(A) Beneficially uses or reuses, or legitimately recycles or reclaims its waste; or
(B) Treats its waste prior to beneficial use or reuse, or legitimate recycling or reclamation; or
(vii) For universal waste managed under part 273 of this chapter, a universal waste handler or destination facility subject to the requirements of part 273 of this chapter.
(h) Hazardous waste subject to the reduced requirements of this section may be mixed with non-hazardous waste and remain subject to these reduced requirements even though the resultant mixture exceeds the quantity limitations identified in this section, unless the mixture meets any of the characteristics of hazardous waste identified in subpart C.
(i) If any person mixes a solid waste with a hazardous waste that exceeds a quantity exclusion level of this section, the mixture is subject to full regulation.
(j) If a conditionally exempt small quantity generator's wastes are mixed with used oil, the mixture is subject to part 279 of this chapter. Any material produced from such a mixture by processing, blending, or other treatment is also so regulated.
[51 FR 10174, Mar. 24, 1986, as amended at 51 FR 28682, Aug. 8, 1986; 51 FR 40637, Nov. 7, 1986; 53 FR 27163, July 19, 1988; 58 FR 26424, May 3, 1993; 60 FR 25541, May 11, 1995; 61 FR 34278, July 1, 1996; 63 FR 24968, May 6, 1998; 63 FR 37782, July 14, 1998; 68 FR 44665, July 30, 2003]
§ 261.6 Requirements for recyclable materials.
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(a)(1) Hazardous wastes that are recycled are subject to the requirements for generators, transporters, and storage facilities of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, except for the materials listed in paragraphs (a)(2) and (a)(3) of this section. Hazardous wastes that are recycled will be known as “recyclable materials.”
(2) The following recyclable materials are not subject to the requirements of this section but are regulated under subparts C through O of part 266 of this chapter and all applicable provisions in parts 270 and 124 of this chapter:
(i) Recyclable materials used in a manner constituting disposal (subpart C);
(ii) Hazardous wastes burned for energy recovery in boilers and industrial furnaces that are not regulated under subpart O of part 264 or 265 of this chapter (subpart H);
(iii) Recyclable materials from which precious metals are reclaimed (subpart F);
(iv) Spent lead-acid batteries that are being reclaimed (subpart G).
(v) U.S. Filter Recovery Services XL waste (subpart O).
(3) The following recyclable materials are not subject to regulation under parts 262 through parts 266 or parts 268, 270 or 124 of this chapter, and are not subject to the notification requirements of section 3010 of RCRA:
(i) Industrial ethyl alcohol that is reclaimed except that, unless provided otherwise in an international agreement as specified in §262.58:
(A) A person initiating a shipment for reclamation in a foreign country, and any intermediary arranging for the shipment, must comply with the requirements applicable to a primary exporter in §§262.53, 262.56 (a)(1)–(4), (6), and (b), and 262.57, export such materials only upon consent of the receiving country and in conformance with the EPA Acknowledgment of Consent as defined in subpart E of part 262, and provide a copy of the EPA Acknowledgment of Consent to the shipment to the transporter transporting the shipment for export;
(B) Transporters transporting a shipment for export may not accept a shipment if he knows the shipment does not conform to the EPA Acknowledgment of Consent, must ensure that a copy of the EPA Acknowledgment of Consent accompanies the shipment and must ensure that it is delivered to the facility designated by the person initiating the shipment.
(ii) Scrap metal that is not excluded under §261.4(a)(13);
(iii) Fuels produced from the refining of oil-bearing hazardous waste along with normal process streams at a petroleum refining facility if such wastes result from normal petroleum refining, production, and transportation practices (this exemption does not apply to fuels produced from oil recovered from oil-bearing hazardous waste, where such recovered oil is already excluded under §261.4(a)(12);
(iv)(A) Hazardous waste fuel produced from oil-bearing hazardous wastes from petroleum refining, production, or transportation practices, or produced from oil reclaimed from such hazardous wastes, where such hazardous wastes are reintroduced into a process that does not use distillation or does not produce products from crude oil so long as the resulting fuel meets the used oil specification under §279.11 of this chapter and so long as no other hazardous wastes are used to produce the hazardous waste fuel;
(B) Hazardous waste fuel produced from oil-bearing hazardous waste from petroleum refining production, and transportation practices, where such hazardous wastes are reintroduced into a refining process after a point at which contaminants are removed, so long as the fuel meets the used oil fuel specification under §279.11 of this chapter; and
(C) Oil reclaimed from oil-bearing hazardous wastes from petroleum refining, production, and transportation practices, which reclaimed oil is burned as a fuel without reintroduction to a refining process, so long as the reclaimed oil meets the used oil fuel specification under §279.11 of this chapter.
(4) Used oil that is recycled and is also a hazardous waste solely because it exhibits a hazardous characteristic is not subject to the requirements of parts 260 through 268 of this chapter, but is regulated under part 279 of this chapter. Used oil that is recycled includes any used oil which is reused, following its original use, for any purpose (including the purpose for which the oil was originally used). Such term includes, but is not limited to, oil which is re-refined, reclaimed, burned for energy recovery, or reprocessed.
(5) Hazardous waste that is exported to or imported from designated member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) (as defined in §262.58(a)(1)) for purpose of recovery is subject to the requirements of 40 CFR part 262, subpart H, if it is subject to either the Federal manifesting requirements of 40 CFR Part 262, to the universal waste management standards of 40 CFR Part 273, or to State requirements analogous to 40 CFR Part 273.
(b) Generators and transporters of recyclable materials are subject to the applicable requirements of parts 262 and 263 of this chapter and the notification requirements under section 3010 of RCRA, except as provided in paragraph (a) of this section.
(c)(1) Owners and operators of facilities that store recyclable materials before they are recycled are regulated under all applicable provisions of subparts A though L, AA, BB, and CC of parts 264 and 265, and under parts 124, 266, 268, and 270 of this chapter and the notification requirements under section 3010 of RCRA, except as provided in paragraph (a) of this section. (The recycling process itself is exempt from regulation except as provided in §261.6(d).)
(2) Owners or operators of facilities that recycle recyclable materials without storing them before they are rcycled are subject to the following requirements, except as provided in paragraph (a) of this section:
(i) Notification requirements under section 3010 of RCRA;
(ii) Sections 265.71 and 265.72 (dealing with the use of the manifest and manifest discrepancies) of this chapter.
(iii) Section 261.6(d) of this chapter.
(d) Owners or operators of facilities subject to RCRA permitting requirements with hazardous waste management units that recycle hazardous wastes are subject to the requirements of subparts AA and BB of part 264 or 265 of this chapter.
[50 FR 49203, Nov. 29, 1985, as amended at 51 FR 28682, Aug. 8, 1986; 51 FR 40637, Nov. 7, 1986; 52 FR 11821, Apr. 13, 1987; 55 FR 25493, June 21, 1990; 56 FR 7207, Feb. 21, 1991; 56 FR 32692, July 17, 1991; 57 FR 41612, Sept. 10, 1992; 59 FR 38545, July 28, 1994; 60 FR 25541, May 11, 1995; 61 FR 16309, Apr. 12, 1996; 61 FR 59950, Nov. 25, 1996; 62 FR 26019, May 12, 1997; 63 FR 24968, May 6, 1998; 63 FR 42185, Aug. 6, 1998; 66 FR 28085, May 22, 2001]
§ 261.7 Residues of hazardous waste in empty containers.
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(a)(1) Any hazardous waste remaining in either: (i) an empty container; or (ii) an inner liner removed from an empty container, as defined in paragraph (b) of this section, is not subject to regulation under parts 261 through 265, 267, 268, 270, or 124 this chapter or to the notification requirements of section 3010 of RCRA.
(2) Any hazardous waste in either (i) a container that is not empty or (ii) an inner liner removed from a container that is not empty, as defined in paragraph (b) of this section, is subject to regulation under parts 261 through 265, and parts 268, 270 and 124 of this chapter and to the notification requirements of section 3010 of RCRA.
(b)(1) A container or an inner liner removed from a container that has held any hazardous waste, except a waste that is a compressed gas or that is identified as an acute hazardous waste listed in §§261.31, 261.32, or 261.33(e) of this chapter is empty if:
(i) All wastes have been removed that can be removed using the practices commonly employed to remove materials from that type of container, e.g., pouring, pumping, and aspirating, and
(ii) No more than 2.5 centimeters (one inch) of residue remain on the bottom of the container or inner liner, or
(iii)(A) No more than 3 percent by weight of the total capacity of the container remains in the container or inner liner if the container is less than or equal to 119 gallons in size; or
(B) No more than 0.3 percent by weight of the total capacity of the container remains in the container or inner liner if the container is greater than 119 gallons in size.
(2) A container that has held a hazardous waste that is a compressed gas is empty when the pressure in the container approaches atmospheric.
(3) A container or an inner liner removed from a container that has held an acute hazardous waste listed in §§261.31, 261.32, or 261.33(e) is empty if:
(i) The container or inner liner has been triple rinsed using a solvent capable of removing the commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate;
(ii) The container or inner liner has been cleaned by another method that has been shown in the scientific literature, or by tests conducted by the generator, to achieve equivalent removal; or
(iii) In the case of a container, the inner liner that prevented contact of the commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate with the container, has been removed.
[45 FR 78529, Nov. 25, 1980, as amended at 47 FR 36097, Aug. 18, 1982; 48 FR 14294, Apr. 1, 1983; 50 FR 1999, Jan. 14, 1985; 51 FR 40637, Nov. 7, 1986; 70 FR 10815, Mar. 4, 2005; 70 FR 53453, Sept. 8, 2005]
§ 261.8 PCB wastes regulated under Toxic Substance Control Act.
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The disposal of PCB-containing dielectric fluid and electric equipment containing such fluid authorized for use and regulated under part 761 of this chapter and that are hazardous only because they fail the test for the Toxicity Characteristic (Hazardous Waste Codes D018 through D043 only) are exempt from regulation under parts 261 through 265, and parts 268, 270, and 124 of this chapter, and the notification requirements of section 3010 of RCRA.
[55 FR 11862, Mar. 29, 1990]
§ 261.9 Requirements for Universal Waste.
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The wastes listed in this section are exempt from regulation under parts 262 through 270 of this chapter except as specified in part 273 of this chapter and, therefore are not fully regulated as hazardous waste. The wastes listed in this section are subject to regulation under 40 CFR part 273:
(a) Batteries as described in 40 CFR 273.2;
(b) Pesticides as described in §273.3 of this chapter;
(c) Mercury-containing equipment as described in §273.4 of this chapter; and
(d) Lamps as described in §273.5 of this chapter.
[60 FR 25541, May 11, 1995, as amended at 64 FR 36487, July 6, 1999; 70 FR 45520, Aug. 5, 2005]
Subpart B—Criteria for Identifying the Characteristics of Hazardous Waste and for Listing Hazardous Waste
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§ 261.10 Criteria for identifying the characteristics of hazardous waste.
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(a) The Administrator shall identify and define a characteristic of hazardous waste in subpart C only upon determining that:
(1) A solid waste that exhibits the characteristic may:
(i) Cause, or significantly contribute to, an increase in mortality or an increase in serious irreversible, or incapacitating reversible, illness; or
(ii) Pose a substantial present or potential hazard to human health or the environment when it is improperly treated, stored, transported, disposed of or otherwise managed; and
(2) The characteristic can be:
(i) Measured by an available standardized test method which is reasonably within the capability of generators of solid waste or private sector laboratories that are available to serve generators of solid waste; or
(ii) Reasonably detected by generators of solid waste through their knowledge of their waste.
(b) [Reserved]
§ 261.11 Criteria for listing hazardous waste.
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(a) The Administrator shall list a solid waste as a hazardous waste only upon determining that the solid waste meets one of the following criteria:
(1) It exhibits any of the characteristics of hazardous waste identified in subpart C.
(2) It has been found to be fatal to humans in low doses or, in the absence of data on human toxicity, it has been shown in studies to have an oral LD 50 toxicity (rat) of less than 50 milligrams per kilogram, an inhalation LC 50 toxicity (rat) of less than 2 milligrams per liter, or a dermal LD 50 toxicity (rabbit) of less than 200 milligrams per kilogram or is otherwise capable of causing or significantly contributing to an increase in serious irreversible, or incapacitating reversible, illness. (Waste listed in accordance with these criteria will be designated Acute Hazardous Waste.)
(3) It contains any of the toxic constituents listed in appendix VIII and, after considering the following factors, the Administrator concludes that the waste is capable of posing a substantial present or potential hazard to human health or the environment when improperly treated, stored, transported or disposed of, or otherwise managed:
(i) The nature of the toxicity presented by the constituent.
(ii) The concentration of the constituent in the waste.
(iii) The potential of the constituent or any toxic degradation product of the constituent to migrate from the waste into the environment under the types of improper management considered in paragraph (a)(3)(vii) of this section.
(iv) The persistence of the constituent or any toxic degradation product of the constituent.
(v) The potential for the constituent or any toxic degradation product of the constituent to degrade into non-harmful constituents and the rate of degradation.
(vi) The degree to which the constituent or any degradation product of the constituent bioaccumulates in ecosystems.
(vii) The plausible types of improper management to which the waste could be subjected.
(viii) The quantities of the waste generated at individual generation sites or on a regional or national basis.
(ix) The nature and severity of the human health and environmental damage that has occurred as a result of the improper management of wastes containing the constituent.
(x) Action taken by other governmental agencies or regulatory programs based on the health or environmental hazard posed by the waste or waste constituent.
(xi) Such other factors as may be appropriate.
Substances will be listed on appendix VIII only if they have been shown in scientific studies to have toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic effects on humans or other life forms.
(Wastes listed in accordance with these criteria will be designated Toxic wastes.)
(b) The Administrator may list classes or types of solid waste as hazardous waste if he has reason to believe that individual wastes, within the class or type of waste, typically or frequently are hazardous under the definition of hazardous waste found in section 1004(5) of the Act.
(c) The Administrator will use the criteria for listing specified in this section to establish the exclusion limits referred to in §261.5(c).
[45 FR 33119, May 19, 1980, as amended at 55 FR 18726, May 4, 1990; 57 FR 14, Jan. 2, 1992]
Subpart C—Characteristics of Hazardous Waste
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§ 261.20 General.
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(a) A solid waste, as defined in §261.2, which is not excluded from regulation as a hazardous waste under §261.4(b), is a hazardous waste if it exhibits any of the characteristics identified in this subpart.
[Comment: §262.11 of this chapter sets forth the generator's responsibility to determine whether his waste exhibits one or more of the characteristics identified in this subpart]
(b) A hazardous waste which is identified by a characteristic in this subpart is assigned every EPA Hazardous Waste Number that is applicable as set forth in this subpart. This number must be used in complying with the notification requirements of section 3010 of the Act and all applicable recordkeeping and reporting requirements under parts 262 through 265, 268, and 270 of this chapter.
(c) For purposes of this subpart, the Administrator will consider a sample obtained using any of the applicable sampling methods specified in appendix I to be a representative sample within the meaning of part 260 of this chapter.
[Comment: Since the appendix I sampling methods are not being formally adopted by the Administrator, a person who desires to employ an alternative sampling method is not required to demonstrate the equivalency of his method under the procedures set forth in §§260.20 and 260.21.]
[45 FR 33119, May 19, 1980, as amended at 51 FR 40636, Nov. 7, 1986; 55 FR 22684, June 1, 1990; 56 FR 3876, Jan. 31, 1991]
§ 261.21 Characteristic of ignitability.
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(a) A solid waste exhibits the characteristic of ignitability if a representative sample of the waste has any of the following properties:
(1) It is a liquid, other than an aqueous solution containing less than 24 percent alcohol by volume and has flash point less than 60 °C (140 °F), as determined by a Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester, using the test method specified in ASTM Standard D 93–79 or D 93–80 (incorporated by reference, see §260.11), or a Setaflash Closed Cup Tester, using the test method specified in ASTM Standard D 3278–78 (incorporated by reference, see §260.11).
(2) It is not a liquid and is capable, under standard temperature and pressure, of causing fire through friction, absorption of moisture or spontaneous chemical changes and, when ignited, burns so vigorously and persistently that it creates a hazard.
(3) It is an ignitable compressed gas as defined in 49 CFR 173.300 and as determined by the test methods described in that regulation or equivalent test methods approved by the Administrator under §§260.20 and 260.21.
(4) It is an oxidizer as defined in 49 CFR 173.151.
(b) A solid waste that exhibits the characteristic of ignitability has the EPA Hazardous Waste Number of D001.
[45 FR 33119, May 19, 1980, as amended at 46 FR 35247, July 7, 1981; 55 FR 22684, June 1, 1990; 70 FR 34561, June 14, 2005]
§ 261.22 Characteristic of corrosivity.
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(a) A solid waste exhibits the characteristic of corrosivity if a representative sample of the waste has either of the following properties:
(1) It is aqueous and has a pH less than or equal to 2 or greater than or equal to 12.5, as determined by a pH meter using Method 9040C in “Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods,” EPA Publication SW–846, as incorporated by reference in §260.11 of this chapter.
(2) It is a liquid and corrodes steel (SAE 1020) at a rate greater than 6.35 mm (0.250 inch) per year at a test temperature of 55 °C (130 °F) as determined by Method 1110A in “Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods,” EPA Publication SW–846, and as incorporated by reference in §260.11 of this chapter.
(b) A solid waste that exhibits the characteristic of corrosivity has the EPA Hazardous Waste Number of D002.
[45 FR 33119, May 19, 1980, as amended at 46 FR 35247, July 7, 1981; 55 FR 22684, June 1, 1990; 58 FR 46049, Aug. 31, 1993; 70 FR 34561, June 14, 2005]
§ 261.23 Characteristic of reactivity.
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(a) A solid waste exhibits the characteristic of reactivity if a representative sample of the waste has any of the following properties:
(1) It is normally unstable and readily undergoes violent change without detonating.
(2) It reacts violently with water.
(3) It forms potentially explosive mixtures with water.
(4) When mixed with water, it generates toxic gases, vapors or fumes in a quantity sufficient to present a danger to human health or the environment.
(5) It is a cyanide or sulfide bearing waste which, when exposed to pH conditions between 2 and 12.5, can generate toxic gases, vapors or fumes in a quantity sufficient to present a danger to human health or the environment.
(6) It is capable of detonation or explosive reaction if it is subjected to a strong initiating source or if heated under confinement.
(7) It is readily capable of detonation or explosive decomposition or reaction at standard temperature and pressure.
(8) It is a forbidden explosive as defined in 49 CFR 173.51, or a Class A explosive as defined in 49 CFR 173.53 or a Class B explosive as defined in 49 CFR 173.88.
(b) A solid waste that exhibits the characteristic of reactivity has the EPA Hazardous Waste Number of D003.
[45 FR 33119, May 19, 1980, as amended at 55 FR 22684, June 1, 1990]
§ 261.24 Toxicity characteristic.
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(a) A solid waste (except manufactured gas plant waste) exhibits the characteristic of toxicity if, using the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure, test Method 1311 in “Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods,” EPA Publication SW–846, as incorporated by reference in §260.11 of this chapter, the extract from a representative sample of the waste contains any of the contaminants listed in table 1 at the concentration equal to or greater than the respective value given in that table. Where the waste contains less than 0.5 percent filterable solids, the waste itself, after filtering using the methodology outlined in Method 1311, is considered to be the extract for the purpose of this section.
(b) A solid waste that exhibits the characteristic of toxicity has the EPA Hazardous Waste Number specified in Table I which corresponds to the toxic contaminant causing it to be hazardous.
Table 1_Maximum Concentration of Contaminants for the Toxicity
Characteristic
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Regulatory
EPA HW No. \1\ Contaminant CAS No. \2\ Level (mg/
L)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
D004 Arsenic................... 7440-38-2 5.0
D005 Barium.................... 7440-39-3 100.0
D018 Benzene................... 71-43-2 0.5
D006 Cadmium................... 7440-43-9 1.0
D019 Carbon tetrachloride...... 56-23-5 0.5
D020 Chlordane................. 57-74-9 0.03
D021 Chlorobenzene............. 108-90-7 100.0
D022 Chloroform................ 67-66-3 6.0
D007 Chromium.................. 7440-47-3 5.0
D023 o-Cresol.................. 95-48-7 \4\ 200.0
D024 m-Cresol.................. 108-39-4 \4\ 200.0
D025 p-Cresol.................. 106-44-5 \4\ 200.0
D026 Cresol.................... ........... \4\ 200.0
D016 2,4-D..................... 94-75-7 10.0
D027 1,4-Dichlorobenzene....... 106-46-7 7.5
D028 1,2-Dichloroethane........ 107-06-2 0.5
D029 1,1-Dichloroethylene...... 75-35-4 0.7
D030 2,4-Dinitrotoluene........ 121-14-2 \3\ 0.13
D012 Endrin.................... 72-20-8 0.02
D031 Heptachlor (and its 76-44-8 0.008
epoxide).
D032 Hexachlorobenzene......... 118-74-1 \3\ 0.13
D033 Hexachlorobutadiene....... 87-68-3 0.5
D034 Hexachloroethane.......... 67-72-1 3.0
D008 Lead...................... 7439-92-1 5.0
D013 Lindane................... 58-89-9 0.4
D009 Mercury................... 7439-97-6 0.2
D014 Methoxychlor.............. 72-43-5 10.0
D035 Methyl ethyl ketone....... 78-93-3 200.0
D036 Nitrobenzene.............. 98-95-3 2.0
D037 Pentrachlorophenol........ 87-86-5 100.0
D038 Pyridine.................. 110-86-1 \3\ 5.0
D010 Selenium.................. 7782-49-2 1.0
D011 Silver.................... 7440-22-4 5.0
D039 Tetrachloroethylene....... 127-18-4 0.7
D015 Toxaphene................. 8001-35-2 0.5
D040 Trichloroethylene......... 79-01-6 0.5
D041 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol..... 95-95-4 400.0
D042 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol..... 88-06-2 2.0
D017 2,4,5-TP (Silvex)......... 93-72-1 1.0
D043 Vinyl chloride............ 75-01-4 0.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Hazardous waste number.
\2\ Chemical abstracts service number.
\3\ Quantitation limit is greater than the calculated regulatory level.
The quantitation limit therefore becomes the regulatory level.
\4\ If o-, m-, and p-Cresol concentrations cannot be differentiated, the
total cresol (D026) concentration is used. The regulatory level of
total cresol is 200 mg/l.
[55 FR 11862, Mar. 29, 1990, as amended at 55 FR 22684, June 1, 1990; 55 FR 26987, June 29, 1990; 58 FR 46049, Aug. 31, 1993; 67 FR 11254, Mar. 13, 2002]
Subpart D—Lists of Hazardous Wastes
top
§ 261.30 General.
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(a) A solid waste is a hazardous waste if it is listed in this subpart, unless it has been excluded from this list under §§260.20 and 260.22.
(b) The Administrator will indicate his basis for listing the classes or types of wastes listed in this subpart by employing one or more of the following Hazard Codes:
Ignitable Waste (I)
Corrosive Waste (C)
Reactive Waste (R)
Toxicity (E)
Characteristic
Waste
Acute Hazardous (H)
Waste
Toxic Waste (T)
Appendix VII identifies the constituent which caused the Administrator to list the waste as a Toxicity Characteristic Waste (E) or Toxic Waste (T) in §§261.31 and 261.32.
(c) Each hazardous waste listed in this subpart is assigned an EPA Hazardous Waste Number which precedes the name of the waste. This number must be used in complying with the notification requirements of Section 3010 of the Act and certain recordkeeping and reporting requirements under parts 262 through 265, 268, and part 270 of this chapter.
(d) The following hazardous wastes listed in §261.31 or §261.32 are subject to the exclusion limits for acutely hazardous wastes established in §261.5: EPA Hazardous Wastes Nos. FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.
[45 FR 33119, May 19, 1980, as amended at 48 FR 14294, Apr. 1, 1983; 50 FR 2000, Jan. 14, 1985; 51 FR 40636, Nov. 7, 1986; 55 FR 11863, Mar. 29, 1990]
§ 261.31 Hazardous wastes from non-specific sources.
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(a) The following solid wastes are listed hazardous wastes from non-specific sources unless they are excluded under §§260.20 and 260.22 and listed in appendix IX.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Industry and EPA hazardous
waste No. Hazardous waste Hazard code
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Generic:
F001......................... The following spent (T)
halogenated solvents
used in degreasing:
Tetrachloroethylene,
trichloroethylene,
methylene chloride,
1,1,1-trichloroethane,
carbon tetrachloride,
and chlorinated
fluorocarbons; all spent
solvent mixtures/blends
used in degreasing
containing, before use,
a total of ten percent
or more (by volume) of
one or more of the above
halogenated solvents or
those solvents listed in
F002, F004, and F005;
and still bottoms from
the recovery of these
spent solvents and spent
solvent mixtures.
F002......................... The following spent (T)
halogenated solvents:
Tetrachloroethylene,
methylene chloride,
trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-
trichloroethane,
chlorobenzene, 1,1,2-
trichloro-1,2,2-
trifluoroethane, ortho-
dichlorobenzene,
trichlorofluoromethane,
and 1,1,2-
trichloroethane; all
spent solvent mixtures/
blends containing,
before use, a total of
ten percent or more (by
volume) of one or more
of the above halogenated
solvents or those listed
in F001, F004, or F005;
and still bottoms from
the recovery of these
spent solvents and spent
solvent mixtures.
F003......................... The following spent non- (I)*
halogenated solvents:
Xylene, acetone, ethyl
acetate, ethyl benzene,
ethyl ether, methyl
isobutyl ketone, n-butyl
alcohol, cyclohexanone,
and methanol; all spent
solvent mixtures/blends
containing, before use,
only the above spent non-
halogenated solvents;
and all spent solvent
mixtures/blends
containing, before use,
one or more of the above
non-halogenated
solvents, and, a total
of ten percent or more
(by volume) of one or
more of those solvents
listed in F001, F002,
F004, and F005; and
still bottoms from the
recovery of these spent
solvents and spent
solvent mixtures.
F004......................... The following spent non- (T)
halogenated solvents:
Cresols and cresylic
acid, and nitrobenzene;
all spent solvent
mixtures/blends
containing, before use,
a total of ten percent
or more (by volume) of
one or more of the above
non-halogenated solvents
or those solvents listed
in F001, F002, and F005;
and still bottoms from
the recovery of these
spent solvents and spent
solvent mixtures.
F005......................... The following spent non- (I,T)
halogenated solvents:
Toluene, methyl ethyl
ketone, carbon
disulfide, isobutanol,
pyridine, benzene, 2-
ethoxyethanol, and 2-
nitropropane; all spent
solvent mixtures/blends
containing, before use,
a total of ten percent
or more (by volume) of
one or more of the above
non-halogenated solvents
or those solvents listed
in F001, F002, or F004;
and still bottoms from
the recovery of these
spent solvents and spent
solvent mixtures.
F006......................... Wastewater treatment (T)
sludges from
electroplating
operations except from
the following processes:
(1) Sulfuric acid
anodizing of aluminum;
(2) tin plating on
carbon steel; (3) zinc
plating (segregated
basis) on carbon steel;
(4) aluminum or zinc-
aluminum plating on
carbon steel; (5)
cleaning/stripping
associated with tin,
zinc and aluminum
plating on carbon steel;
and (6) chemical etching
and milling of aluminum.
F007......................... Spent cyanide plating (R, T)
bath solutions from
electroplating
operations.
F008......................... Plating bath residues (R, T)
from the bottom of
plating baths from
electroplating
operations where
cyanides are used in the
process.
F009......................... Spent stripping and (R, T)
cleaning bath solutions
from electroplating
operations where
cyanides are used in the
process.
F010......................... Quenching bath residues (R, T)
from oil baths from
metal heat treating
operations where
cyanides are used in the
process.
F011......................... Spent cyanide solutions (R, T)
from salt bath pot
cleaning from metal heat
treating operations.
F012......................... Quenching waste water (T)
treatment sludges from
metal heat treating
operations where
cyanides are used in the
process.
F019......................... Wastewater treatment (T)
sludges from the
chemical conversion
coating of aluminumexcept from zirconium (continued)