Loading (50 kb)...'

National
United States Regulations
40 CFR PART 58—AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SURVEILLANCE




Title 40: Protection of Environment


PART 58—AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SURVEILLANCE



Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7410, 7601(a), 7613, and 7619.

Source: 44 FR 27571, May 10, 1979; 59 FR 41628, Aug. 12, 1994, unless otherwise noted.

Subpart A—General Provisions
top
§ 58.1 Definitions.
top
As used in this part, all terms not defined herein have the meaning given them in the Act:

Act means the Clean Air Act as amended (42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq.).

Administrator means the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or his or her authorized representative.

Aerometric Information Retrieval System (AIRS)-Air Quality Subsystem (AQS) is EPA's computerized system for storing and reporting of information relating to ambient air quality data.

Annual State air monitoring report is an annual report, prepared by control agencies and submitted to EPA for approval, that consists of an annual data summary report for all pollutants and a detailed report describing any proposed changes to their air quality surveillance network.

CO means carbon monoxide.

Community Monitoring Zone (CMZ) means an optional averaging area with established, well defined boundaries, such as county or census block, within a MPA that has relatively uniform concentrations of annual PM2.5 as defined by appendix D of this part. Two or more core SLAMS and other monitors within a CMZ that meet certain requirements as set forth in Appendix D of this part may be averaged for making comparisons to the annual PM2.5 NAAQS.

Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) means the most recent area as designated by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget and population figures from the Bureau of the Census. The Department of Commerce provides that within metropolitan complexes of 1 million or more population, separate component areas are defined if specific criteria are met. Such areas are designated primary metropolitan statistical areas (PMSAs; and any area containing PMSAs is designated CMSA.

Core PM2.5 SLAMS means community-oriented monitoring sites representative of community-wide exposures that are the basic component sites of the PM2.5 SLAMS regulatory network. Core PM2.5 SLAMS include community-oriented SLAMS monitors, and sites collocated at PAMS.

Corrected concentration pertains to the result of an accuracy or precision assessment test of an open path analyzer in which a high-concentration test or audit standard gas contained in a short test cell is inserted into the optical measurement beam of the instrument. When the pollutant concentration measured by the analyzer in such a test includes both the pollutant concentration in the test cell and the concentration in the atmosphere, the atmospheric pollutant concentration must be subtracted from the test measurement to obtain the corrected concentration test result. The corrected concentration is equal to the measured concentration minus the average of the atmospheric pollutant concentrations measured (without the test cell) immediately before and immediately after the test.

Correlated acceptable continuous (CAC) PM analyzer means an optional fine particulate matter analyzer that can be used to supplement a PM2.5 reference or equivalent sampler, in accordance with the provisions of §58.13(f).

Effective concentration pertains to testing an open path analyzer with a high-concentration calibration or audit standard gas contained in a short test cell inserted into the optical measurement beam of the instrument. Effective concentration is the equivalent ambient-level concentration that would produce the same spectral absorbance over the actual atmospheric monitoring path length as produced by the high-concentration gas in the short test cell. Quantitatively, effective concentration is equal to the actual concentration of the gas standard in the test cell multiplied by the ratio of the path length of the test cell to the actual atmospheric monitoring path length.

Equivalent method means a method of sampling and analyzing the ambient air for an air pollutant that has been designated as an equivalent method in accordance with part 53 of this chapter; it does not include a method for which an equivalent method designation has been canceled in accordance with §53.11 or §53.16 of this chapter.

Indian Governing Body means the governing body of any tribe, band, or group of Indians subject to the jurisdiction of the United States and recognized by the United States as possessing power of self-government.

Indian Reservation means any Federally recognized reservation established by treaty, agreement, executive order, or act of Congress.

Local agency means any local government agency, other than the State agency, which is charged with the responsibility for carrying out a portion of the plan.

Meteorological measurements means measurements of wind speed, wind direction, barometric pressure, temperature, relative humidity, and solar radiation.

Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) as designated by the most recent decennial U.S. Census of Population Report.

Monitor is a generic term for an instrument, sampler, analyzer, or other device that measures or assists in the measurement of atmospheric air pollutants and which is acceptable for use in ambient air surveillance under the provisions of appendix C to this part, including both point and open path analyzers that have been designated as either reference or equivalent methods under part 53 of this chapter and air samplers that are specified as part of a manual method that has been designated as a reference or equivalent method under part 53 of this chapter.

Monitoring path for an open path analyzer is the actual path in space between two geographical locations over which the pollutant concentration is measured and averaged.

Monitoring path length of an open path analyzer is the length of the monitoring path in the atmosphere over which the average pollutant concentration measurement (path-averaged concentration) is determined. See also, optical measurement path length.

Monitoring Planning Area (MPA) means a contiguous geographic area with established, well defined boundaries, such as a metropolitan statistical area, county or State, having a common area that is used for planning monitoring locations for PM2.5. MPAs may cross State boundaries, such as the Philadelphia PA-NJ MSA, and be further subdivided into community monitoring zones. MPAs are generally oriented toward areas with populations greater than 200,000, but for convenience, those portions of a State that are not associated with MSAs can be considered as a single MPA. MPAs must be defined, where applicable, in a State PM monitoring network description.

NAMS means National Air Monitoring Station(s). Collectively the NAMS are a subset of the SLAMS ambient air quality monitoring network.

NO2 means nitrogen dioxide. NO means nitrogen oxide. NOX means oxides of nitrogen and is defined as the sum of the concentrations of NO2 and NO.

O3 means ozone.

Open path analyzer is an automated analytical method that measures the average atmospheric pollutant concentration in situ along one or more monitoring paths having a monitoring path length of 5 meters or more and that has been designated as a reference or equivalent method under the provisions of part 53 of this chapter.

Optical measurement path length is the actual length of the optical beam over which measurement of the pollutant is determined. The path-integrated pollutant concentration measured by the analyzer is divided by the optical measurement path length to determine the path-averaged concentration. Generally, the optical measurement path length is:

(1) Equal to the monitoring path length for a (bistatic) system having a transmitter and a receiver at opposite ends of the monitoring path;

(2) Equal to twice the monitoring path length for a (monostatic) system having a transmitter and receiver at one end of the monitoring path and a mirror or retroreflector at the other end; or

(3) Equal to some multiple of the monitoring path length for more complex systems having multiple passes of the measurement beam through the monitoring path.

PAMS means Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations.

Particulate matter monitoring network description, required by §58.20(f), means a detailed plan, prepared by control agencies and submitted to EPA for approval, that describes their PM2.5 and PM10 air quality surveillance network.

Pb means lead.

Plan means an implementation plan, approved or promulgated pursuant to section 110 of the Clean Air Act.

PM2.5 means particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 2.5 micrometers as measured by a reference method based on 40 CFR part 50, Appendix L, and designated in accordance with part 53 of this chapter or by an equivalent method designated in accordance with part 53 of this chapter.

PM10 means particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 10 micrometers as measured by a reference method based on appendix J of part 50 of this chapter and designated in accordance with part 53 of this chapter or by an equivalent method designated in accordance with part 53 of this chapter.

Point analyzer is an automated analytical method that measures pollutant concentration in an ambient air sample extracted from the atmosphere at a specific inlet probe point and that has been designated as a reference or equivalent method in accordance with part 53 of this chapter.

Population-oriented monitoring (or sites) applies to residential areas, commercial areas, recreational areas, industrial areas, and other areas where a substantial number of people may spend a significant fraction of their day.

Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area (PMSA) is a separate component of a consolidated metropolitan statistical area. For the purposes of this part, PMSA is used interchangeably with MSA.

Probe is the actual inlet where an air sample is extracted from the atmosphere for delivery to a sampler or point analyzer for pollutant analysis.

PSD station means any station operated for the purpose of establishing the effect on air quality of the emissions from a proposed source for purposes of prevention of significant deterioration as required by §51.24(n) of part 51 of this chapter.

Reference method means a method of sampling and analyzing the ambient air for an air pollutant that will be specified as a reference method in an appendix to part 50 of this chapter, or a method that has been designated as a reference method in accordance with this part; it does not include a method for which a reference method designation has been canceled in accordance with §53.11 or §53.16 of this chapter.

Regional Administrator means the Administrator of one of the ten EPA Regional Offices or his or her authorized representative.

SAROAD site identification form is one of the several forms in the SAROAD system. It is the form which provides a complete description of the site (and its surroundings) of an ambient air quality monitoring station.

SLAMS means State or Local Air Monitoring Station(s). The SLAMS make up the ambient air quality monitoring network which is required by §58.20 to be provided for in the State's implementation plan. This definition places no restrictions on the use of the physical structure or facility housing the SLAMS. Any combination of SLAMS and any other monitors (Special Purpose, NAMS, PSD) may occupy the same facility or structure without affecting the respective definitions of those monitoring station.

SO2 means sulfur dioxide.

Special Purpose Monitor (SPM) is a generic term used for all monitors other than SLAMS, NAMS, PAMS, and PSD monitors included in an agency's monitoring network for monitors used in a special study whose data are officially reported to EPA.

State agency means the air pollution control agency primarily responsible for development and implementation of a plan under the Act.

Storage and Retrieval of Aerometric Data (SAROAD) system is a computerized system which stores and reports information relating to ambient air quality. The SAROAD system has been replaced with the AIRS-AQS system; however, the SAROAD data reporting format continues to be used by some States and local air pollution agencies as an interface to AIRS on an interim basis.

Traceable means that a local standard has been compared and certified, either directly or via not more than one intermediate standard, to a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)-certified primary standard such as a NIST-Traceable Reference Material (NTRM) or a NIST-certified Gas Manufacturer's Internal Standard (GMIS).

TSP (total suspended particulates) means particulate matter as measured by the method described in appendix B of part 50 of this chapter,

Urban area population means the population defined in the most recent decennial U.S. Census of Population Report.

VOC means volatile organic compounds.

[44 FR 27571, May 10, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 2529, Jan. 20, 1983; 51 FR 9586, Mar. 19, 1986; 52 FR 24739, July 1, 1987; 58 FR 8467, Feb. 12, 1993; 59 FR 41628, 41629, Aug. 12, 1994; 60 FR 52319, Oct. 6, 1995; 62 FR 38830, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998]

§ 58.2 Purpose.
top
(a) This part contains criteria and requirements for ambient air quality monitoring and requirements for reporting ambient air quality data and information. The monitoring criteria pertain to the following areas:

(1) Quality assurance procedures for monitor operation and data handling.

(2) Methodology used in monitoring stations.

(3) Operating schedule.

(4) Siting parameters for instruments or instrument probes.

(b) The requirements pertaining to provisions for an air quality surveillance system in the State Implementation Plan are contained in this part.

(c) This part also acts to establish a national ambient air quality monitoring network for the purpose of providing timely air quality data upon which to base national assessments and policy decisions. This network will be operated by the States and will consist of certain selected stations from the States' SLAMS networks. These selected stations will remain as SLAMS and will continue to meet any applicable requirements on SLAMS. The stations, however, will also be designated as National Air Monitoring Stations (NAMS) and will be subject to additional data reporting and monitoring methodology requirements as contained in subpart D of this part.

(d) This section also acts to establish a Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (PAMS) network as a subset of the State's SLAMS network for the purpose of enhanced monitoring in O3 nonattainment areas listed as serious, severe, or extreme. The PAMS network will be subject to the data reporting and monitoring methodology requirements as contained in subpart E of this part.

(e) Requirements for the daily reporting of an index of ambient air quality, to insure that the population of major urban areas are informed daily of local air quality conditions, are also included in this part.

[44 FR 27571, May 10, 1979, as amended at 58 FR 8467, Feb. 12, 1993]

§ 58.3 Applicability.
top
This part applies to:

(a) State air pollution control agencies.

(b) Any local air pollution control agency or Indian governing body to which the State has delegated authority to operate a portion of the State's SLAMS network.

(c) Owners or operators of proposed sources.

Subpart B—Monitoring Criteria
top
§ 58.10 Quality assurance.
top
(a) Appendix A to this part contains quality assurance criteria to be followed when operating the SLAMS network.

(b) Appendix B to this part contains the quality assurance criteria to be followed by the owner or operator of a proposed source when operating a PSD station.

§ 58.11 Monitoring methods.
top
Appendix C to this part contains the criteria to be followed in determining acceptable monitoring methods or instruments for use in SLAMS.

§ 58.12 Siting of instruments or instrument probes.
top
Appendix E to this part contains criteria for siting instruments or instrument probes for SLAMS.

§ 58.13 Operating schedule.
top
Ambient air quality data collected at any SLAMS must be collected as follows:

(a) For continuous analyzers—consecutive hourly averages except during:

(1) Periods of routine maintenance,

(2) Periods of instrument calibration, or

(3) Periods or seasons exempted by the Regional Administrator.

(b) For manual methods (excluding PM10 samplers, PM2.5 samplers, and PAMS VOC samplers), at least one 24-hour sample must be obtained every sixth day except during periods or seasons exempted by the Regional Administrator.

(c) For PAMS VOC samplers, samples must be obtained as specified in sections 4.3 and 4.4 of appendix D to this part. Area-specific PAMS operating schedules must be included as part of the network description required by §58.40 and must be approved by the Administrator.

(d) For PM10 samplers—a 24-hour sample must be taken from midnight to midnight (local time) to ensure national consistency. The minimum monitoring schedule for the site in the area of expected maximum concentration shall be based on the relative level of that monitoring site concentration with respect to the level of the controlling standard. For those areas in which the short-term (24-hour) standard is controlling, i.e., has the highest ratio, the selective sampling requirements are illustrated in Figure 1. If the operating agency were able to demonstrate by monitoring data that there were certain periods of the year where conditions preclude violation of the PM10 24-hour standard, the increased sampling frequency for those periods or seasons may be exempted by the Regional Administrator and revert back to once in six days. The minimum sampling schedule for all other sites in the area would be once every six days. For those areas in which the annual standard is the controlling standard, the minimum sampling schedule for all monitors in the area would be once every six days. During the annual review of the SLAMS network, the most recent year of data must be considered to estimate the air quality status for the controlling air quality standard (24-hour or annual). Statistical models such as analysis of concentration frequency distributions as described in “Guideline for the Interpretation of Ozone Air Quality Standards,” EPA–450/479–003, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, January 1979, should be used. Adjustments to the monitoring schedule must be made on the basis of the annual review. The site having the highest concentration in the most current year must be given first consideration when selecting the site for the more frequent sampling schedule. Other factors such as major change in sources of PM10 emissions or in sampling site characteristics could influence the location of the expected maximum concentration site. Also, the use of the most recent 3 years of data might, in some cases, be justified in order to provide a more representative data base from which to estimate current air quality status and to provide stability to the network. This multiyear consideration would reduce the possibility of an anomalous year biasing a site selected for accelerated sampling. If the maximum concentration site based on the most current year is not selected for the more frequent operating schedule, documentation of the justification for selection of an alternative site must be submitted to the Regional Office for approval during the annual review process. It should be noted that minimum data completeness criteria, number of years of data and sampling frequency for judging attainment of the NAAQS are discussed in appendix K of part 50 of this chapter.



View or download PDF


(e) For PM2.5 samplers, a 24-hour sample is required everyday for certain core SLAMS, including certain PAMS, as described in section 2.8.1.3 of appendix D of this part, except during seasons or periods of low PM2.5 as otherwise exempted by the Regional Administrator. A waiver of the everyday sampling schedule for SLAMS may be granted by the Regional Administrator or designee, and for NAMS by the Administrator or designee, for 1 calendar year from the time a PM2.5 sequential sampler (FRM or Class I equivalent) has been approved by EPA. A 24-hour sample must be taken a minimum of every third day for all other SLAMS, including NAMS, as described in section 2.8.1.3 of appendix D of this part, except when exempted by the Regional Administrator in accordance with forthcoming EPA guidance. During periods for which exemptions to every third day or every day sampling are allowed for core PM2.5 SLAMS, a minimum frequency of one in 6-day sampling is still required. However, alternative sampling frequencies are allowed for SLAMS sites that are principally intended for comparisons to the 24-hour NAAQS. Such modifications must be approved by the Regional Administrator.

(f) Alternatives to everyday sampling at sites with correlated acceptable continuous analyzers. (1) Certain PM2.5 core SLAMS sites located in monitoring planning areas (as described in section 2.8 of appendix D of this part) are required to sample every day with a reference or equivalent method operating in accordance with part 53 of this chapter and section 2 of appendix C of this part. However, in accordance with the monitoring priority as defined in paragraph (f)(2) of this section, established by the control agency and approved by EPA, a core SLAMS monitor may operate with a reference or equivalent method on a 1 in 3-day schedule and produce data that may be compared to the NAAQS, provided that it is collocated with an acceptable continuous fine particulate PM analyzer that is correlated with the reference or equivalent method. If the alternative sampling schedule is selected by the control agency and approved by EPA, the alternative schedule shall be implemented on January 1 of the year in which everyday sampling is required. The selection of correlated acceptable continuous PM analyzers and procedures for correlation with the intermittent reference or equivalent method shall be in accordance with procedures approved by the Regional Administrator. Unless the continuous fine particulate analyzer satisfies the requirements of section 2 of appendix C of this part, however, the data derived from the correlated acceptable continuous monitor are not eligible for direct comparisons to the NAAQS in accordance with part 50 of this chapter.

(2) A Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) (or primary metropolitan statistical area) with greater than 1 million population and high concentrations of PM2.5 (greater than or equal to 80 percent of the NAAQS) shall be a Priority 1 PM monitoring area. Other monitoring planning areas may be designated as Priority 2 PM monitoring areas.

(3) Core SLAMS having a correlated acceptable continuous analyzer collocated with a reference or equivalent method in a Priority 1 PM monitoring area may operate on the 1 in 3 sampling frequency only after reference or equivalent data are collected for at least 2 complete years.

(4) In all monitoring situations, with a correlated acceptable continuous alternative, FRM samplers or filter-based equivalent analyzers should preferably accompany the correlated acceptable continuous monitor.

[44 FR 27571, May 10, 1979, as amended at 52 FR 24739, July 1, 1987; 58 FR 8467, Feb. 12, 1993; 62 FR 38831, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998; 69 FR 45595, July 30, 2004]

§ 58.14 Special purpose monitors.
top
(a) Except as specified in paragraph (b) of this section, any ambient air quality monitoring station other than a SLAMS or PSD station from which the State intends to use the data as part of a demonstration of attainment or nonattainment or in computing a design value for control purposes of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) must meet the requirements for SLAMS as described in §58.22 and, after January 1, 1983, must also meet the requirements for SLAMS described in §58.13 and Appendices A and E of this part.

(b) Based on the need, in transitioning to a PM2.5 standard that newly addresses the ambient impacts of fine particles, to encourage a sufficiently extensive geographical deployment of PM2.5 monitors and thus hasten the development of an adequate PM2.5 ambient air quality monitoring infrastructure, PM2.5 NAAQS violation determinations shall not be exclusively made based on data produced at a population-oriented SPM site during the first 2 complete calendar years of its operation. However, a notice of NAAQS violations resulting from population-oriented SPMs shall be reported to EPA in the State's annual monitoring report and be considered by the State in the design of its overall SLAMS network; these population-oriented SPMs should be considered to become a permanent SLAMS during the annual network review in accordance with §58.25.

(c) Any ambient air quality monitoring station other than a SLAMS or PSD station from which the State intends to use the data for SIP-related functions other than as described in paragraph (a) of this section is not necessarily required to comply with the requirements for a SLAMS station under paragraph (a) of this section but must be operated in accordance with a monitoring schedule, methodology, quality assurance procedures, and probe or instrument-siting specifications approved by the Regional Administrator.

[62 FR 38832, July 18, 1997]

Subpart C—State and Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS)
top
§ 58.20 Air quality surveillance: plan content.
top
By January 1, 1980, the State shall adopt and submit to the Administrator a revision to the plan which will:

(a) Provide for the establishment of an air quality surveillance system that consists of a network of monitoring stations designated as State and Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS) which measure ambient concentrations of those pollutants for which standards have been established in part 50 of this chapter. SLAMS (including NAMS) designated as PAMS will also obtain ambient concentrations of speciated VOC and NOX, and meteorological measurements. PAMS may therefore be located at existing SLAMS or NAMS sites when appropriate.

(b) Provide for meeting the requirements of appendices A, C, D, and E to this part.

(c) Provide for the operation of at least one SLAMS per criteria pollutant except Pb during any stage of an air pollution episode as defined in the plan.

(d) Provide for the review of the air quality surveillance system on an annual basis to determine if the system meets the monitoring objectives defined in appendix D of this part. Such review must identify needed modifications to the network such as termination or relocation of unnecessary stations or establishment of new stations that are necessary. For PM2.5, the review must identify needed changes to core SLAMS, monitoring planning areas, the chosen community monitoring approach including optional community monitoring zones, SLAMS, or SPMs.

(e) Provide for having a SLAMS network description available for public inspection and submission to the Administrator upon request. The network description must be available at the time of plan revision submittal and must contain the following information for each SLAMS:

(1) The AIRS site identification form for existing stations.

(2) The proposed location for scheduled stations.

(3) The sampling and analysis method.

(4) The operating schedule.

(5) The monitoring objective and spatial scale of representativeness as defined in appendix D to this part.

(6) A schedule for:

(i) Locating, placing into operation, and making available the AIRS site identification form for each SLAMS which is not located and operating at the time of plan revision submittal,

(ii) Implementing quality assurance procedures of appendix A to this part for each SLAMS for which such procedures are not implemented at the time of plan revision submittal, and

(iii) Resiting each SLAMS which does not meet the requirements of appendix E to this part at the time of plan revision submittal.

(f) Provide for having a PM monitoring network description available for public inspection which must provide for monitoring planning areas, and the community monitoring approach involving core monitors and optional community monitoring zones for PM2.5. The PM monitoring network description for PM10 and PM2.5 must be submitted to the Regional Administrator for approval by July 1, 1998, and must contain the following information for each PM SLAMS and PM2.5 SPM:

(1) The AIRS site identification form for existing stations.

(2) The proposed location for scheduled stations.

(3) The sampling and analysis method.

(4) The operating schedule.

(5) The monitoring objective, spatial scale of representativeness, and additionally for PM2.5, the monitoring planning area, optional community monitoring zone, and the site code designation to identify which site will be identified as core SLAMS; and SLAMS or population-oriented SPMs, if any, that are microscale or middle scale in their representativeness as defined in appendix D of this part.

(6) A schedule for:

(i) Locating, placing into operation, and making available the AIRS site identification form for each SLAMS which is not located and operating at the time of plan revision submittal.

(ii) Implementing quality assurance procedures of appendix A of this part for each SLAMS for which such procedures are not implemented at the time of plan revision submittal.

(iii) Resiting each SLAMS which does not meet the requirements of appendix E of this part at the time of plan revision submittal.

(g) Provide for having a list of all PM2.5 monitoring locations including SLAMS, NAMS, PAMS and population-oriented SPMs, that are included in the State's PM monitoring network description and are intended for comparison to the NAAQS, available for public inspection.

(h) Within 9 months after;

(1) February 12, 1993; or

(2) Date of redesignation or reclassification of any existing O3 nonattainment area to serious, severe, or extreme; or

(3) The designation of a new area and classification to serious, severe, or extreme, affected States shall adopt and submit a plan revision to the Administrator.

(i) The plan revision will provide for the establishment and maintenance of PAMS. Each PAMS site will provide for the monitoring of ambient concentrations of criteria pollutants (O3, NO2), and non-criteria pollutants (NOX, NO, and speciated VOC) as stipulated in section 4.2 of appendix D, and meteorological measurements. The PAMS network is part of the SLAMS network, and the plan provisions in paragraphs (a) through (h) of this section will apply to the revision. Since NAMS sites are also part of the SLAMS network, some PAMS sites may be coincident with NAMS sites and may be designated as both PAMS and NAMS.

[44 FR 27571, May 10, 1979, as amended at 46 FR 44164, Sept. 3, 1981; 52 FR 24740, July 1, 1987; 58 FR 8467, Feb. 12, 1993; 59 FR 41628, Aug. 12, 1994; 62 FR 38832, July 18, 1997]

§ 58.21 SLAMS network design.
top
The design criteria for SLAMS contained in appendix D to this part must be used in designing the SLAMS network. The State shall consult with the Regional Administrator during the network design process. The final network design will be subject to the approval of the Regional Administrator.

§ 58.22 SLAMS methodology.
top
Each SLAMS must meet the monitoring methodology requirements of appendix C to this part at the time the station is put into operation as a SLAMS.

§ 58.23 Monitoring network completion.
top
With the exception of the PM10 monitoring networks that shall be in place by March 16, 1998 and with the exception of the PM2.5 monitoring networks as described in paragraph (c) of this section:

(a) Each station in the SLAMS network must be in operation, be sited in accordance with the criteria in appendix E to this part, and be located as described on the station's AIRS site identification form, and

(b) The quality assurance requirements of appendix A to this part must be fully implemented.

(c) Each PM2.5 station in the SLAMS network must be in operation in accordance with the minimum requirements of appendix D of this part, be sited in accordance with the criteria in appendix E of this part, and be located as described on the station's AIRS site identification form, according to the following schedule:

(1) Within 1 year after September 16, 1997, at least one required core PM2.5 SLAMS site in each MSA with population greater than 500,000, plus one site in each PAMS area, (plus at least two additional SLAMS sites per State) must be in operation.

(2) Within 2 years after September 16, 1997, all other required SLAMS, including all required core SLAMS, required regional background and regional transport SLAMS, continuous PM monitors in areas with greater than 1 million population, and all additional required PM2.5 SLAMS must be in operation.

(3) Within 3 years after September 16, 1997, all additional sites (e.g., sites classified as SLAMS/SPM to complete the mature network) must be in operation.

[44 FR 27571, May 10, 1979, as amended at 52 FR 24740, July 1, 1987; 59 FR 41628, Aug. 12, 1994; 62 FR 38832, July 18, 1997]

§ 58.24 [Reserved]
top
§ 58.25 System modification.
top
The State shall annually develop and implement a schedule to modify the ambient air quality monitoring network to eliminate any unnecessary stations or to correct any inadequacies indicated by the result of the annual review required by §58.20(d). The State shall consult with the Regional Administrator during the development of the schedule to modify the monitoring program. The final schedule and modifications will be subject to the approval of the Regional Administrator. Nothing in this section will preclude the State, with the approval of the Regional Administrator, from making modifications to the SLAMS network for reasons other than those resulting from the annual review.

§ 58.26 Annual State air monitoring report.
top
(a) The State shall submit to the Administrator (through the appropriate Regional Office) an annual summary report of all the ambient air quality monitoring data from all monitoring stations designated State and Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS). The annual report must be submitted by July 1 of each year for data collected from January 1 to December 31 of the previous year.

(b) The SLAMS annual data summary report must contain:

(1) The information specified in appendix F,

(2) The location, date, pollution source, and duration of each incident of air pollution during which ambient levels of a pollutant reached or exceeded the level specified by §51.16(a) of this chapter as a level which could cause significant harm to the health of persons.

(c) The senior air pollution control officer in the State or his designee shall certify that the annual summary report is accurate to the best of his knowledge.

(d) For PM monitoring and data—

(1) The State shall submit a summary to the appropriate Regional Office (for SLAMS) or Administrator (through the Regional Office) (for NAMS) that details proposed changes to the PM Monitoring Network Description and to be in accordance with the annual network review requirements in §58.25. This shall discuss the existing PM networks, including modifications to the number, size or boundaries of monitoring planning areas and optional community monitoring zones; number and location of PM10 and PM2.5 SLAMS; number and location of core PM2.5 SLAMS; alternative sampling frequencies proposed for PM2.5 SLAMS (including core PM2.5 SLAMS and PM2.5 NAMS), core PM2.5 SLAMS to be designated PM2.5 NAMS; and PM10 and PM2.5 SLAMS to be designated PM10 and PM2.5 NAMS respectively.

(2) The State shall submit an annual summary to the appropriate Regional Office of all the ambient air quality monitoring PM data from all special purpose monitors that are described in the State's PM monitoring network description and are intended for SIP purposes. These include those population-oriented SPMs that are eligible for comparison to the PM2.5 NAAQS. The State shall certify the data in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.

(e) The Annual State Air Monitoring Report shall be submitted to the Regional Administrator by July 1 or by an alternative annual date to be negotiated between the State and Regional Administrator. The Region shall provide review and approval/disapproval within 60 days. After 3 years following September 16, 1997, the schedule for submitting the required annual revised PM2.5 monitoring network description may be altered based on a new schedule determined by the Regional Administrator. States may submit an alternative PM monitoring network description in which it requests exemptions from specific required elements of the network design (e.g., required number of core sites, other SLAMS, sampling frequency, etc.). After 3 years following September 16, 1997 or once a monitoring area has been determined to violate the NAAQS, then changes to an MPA monitoring network affecting the violating locations shall require public review and notification.

[44 FR 27571, May 10, 1979, as amended at 51 FR 9586, Mar. 19, 1986; 62 FR 38833, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998]

§ 58.27 Compliance date for air quality data reporting.
top
The annual air quality data reporting requirements of §58.26 apply to data collected after December 31, 1980. Data collected before January 1, 1981, must be reported under the reporting procedures in effect before the effective date of subpart C of this part.

§ 58.28 SLAMS data submittal.
top
The State shall submit all of the SLAMS data according to the same data submittal requirements as defined for NAMS in section 58.35. The State shall also submit any portion or all of the SLAMS data to the appropriate Regional Administrator upon request.

[59 FR 41628, Aug. 12, 1994]

Subpart D—National Air Monitoring Stations (NAMS)
top
§ 58.30 NAMS network establishment.
top
(a) By January 1, 1980, with the exception of PM10 and PM2.5 samplers, which shall be by July 1, 1998, the State shall:

(1) Establish, through the operation of stations or through a schedule for locating and placing stations into operation, that portion of a National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Network which is in that State, and

(2) Submit to the Administrator (through the appropriate Regional Office) a description of that State's portion of the network.

(b) Hereinafter, the portion of the national network in any State will be referred to as the NAMS network.

(c) The stations in the NAMS network must be stations from the SLAMS network required by §58.20.

(d) The requirements of appendix D to this part must be met when designing the NAMS network. The process of designing the NAMS network must be part of the process of designing the SLAMS network as explained in appendix D to this part.

[44 FR 27571, May 10, 1979, as amended at 46 FR 44164, Sept. 3, 1981; 52 FR 24740, July 1, 1987; 62 FR 38833, July 18, 1997]

§ 58.31 NAMS network description.
top
The NAMS network description required by §58.30 must contain the following for all stations, existing or scheduled:

(a) The AIRS site identification number for existing stations.

(b) The proposed location for scheduled stations.

(c) Identity of the urban area represented.

(d) The sampling and analysis method.

(e) The operating schedule.

(f) The monitoring objective, spatial scale of representativeness, and for PM2.5, the monitoring planning area and community monitoring zones, as defined in appendix D of this part.

(g) A schedule for:

(1) Locating, placing into operation, and submitting the AIRS site identification form for each NAMS which is not located and operating at the time of network description submittal,

(2) Implementing quality assurance procedures of appendix A to this part for each NAMS for which such procedures are not implemented at the time of network description submittal, and

(3) Resiting each NAMS which does not meet the requirements of appendix E to this part at the time of network description submittal.

[44 FR 27571, May 10, 1979, as amended at 59 FR 41628, Aug. 12, 1994; 62 FR 38833, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998; 64 FR 3034, Jan. 20, 1999]

§ 58.32 NAMS approval.
top
The NAMS network required by §58.30 is subject to the approval of the Administrator. Such approval will be contingent upon completion of the network description as outlined in §58.31 and upon conformance to the NAMS design criteria contained in appendix D to this part.

§ 58.33 NAMS methodology.
top
Each NAMS must meet the monitoring methodology requirements of appendix C to this part applicable to NAMS at the time the station is put into operation as a NAMS.

§ 58.34 NAMS network completion.
top
With the exception of PM10 samplers, which shall be by 1 year after September 16, 1997, and PM2.5, which shall be by 3 years after September 16, 1997:

(a) Each NAMS must be in operation, be sited in accordance with the criteria in Appendix E to this part, and be located as described in the AIRS database; and

(b) The quality assurance requirements of appendix A to this part must be fully implemented for all NAMS.

[44 FR 27571, May 10, 1979, as amended at 46 FR 44164, Sept. 3, 1981; 52 FR 24740, July 1, 1987; 59 FR 41628, Aug. 12, 1994; 62 FR 38833, July 18, 1997; 64 FR 3034, Jan. 20, 1999]

§ 58.35 NAMS data submittal.
top
(a) The requirements of this section apply to those stations designated as both SLAMS and NAMS by the network description required by §§58.20 and 58.30.

(b) The State shall report to the Administrator all ambient air quality data for SO2, CO, O3, NO2, Pb, PM10, and PM2.5, and information specified by the AIRS Users Guide (Volume II, Air Quality Data Coding, and Volume III, Air Quality Data Storage) to be coded into the AIRS-AQS format. Such air quality data and information must be submitted directly to the AIRS-AQS via either electronic transmission or magnetic tape, in the format of the AIRS-AQS, and in accordance with the quarterly schedule described in paragraph (c) of this section.

(c) The specific quarterly reporting periods are January 1-March 31, April 1-June 30, July 1-September 30, and October 1-December 31. The data and information reported for each reporting period must:

(1) Contain all data and information gathered during the reporting period.

(2) Be received in the AIRS-AQS within 90 days after the end of the quarterly reporting period. For example, the data for the reporting period January 1-March 31, 1994 are due on or before June 30, 1994.

(d) Air quality data submitted for each reporting period must be edited, validated, and entered into the AIRS-AQS for updating (within the time limits specified in paragraph (c) of this section) pursuant to appropriate AIRS-AQS procedures. The procedures for editing and validating data are described in the AIRS Users Guide, Volume II Air Quality Data Coding.

(e) This section does not permit a State to exempt those SLAMS which are also designated as NAMS from all or any of the reporting requirements applicable to SLAMS in §58.26.

[44 FR 27571, May 10, 1979, as amended at 46 FR 44164, Sept. 3, 1981; 51 FR 9586, Mar. 19, 1986; 52 FR 24740, July 1, 1987; 59 FR 41628, Aug. 12, 1994; 62 FR 38833, July 18, 1997]

§ 58.36 System modification.
top
During the annual SLAMS Network Review specified in §58.20, any changes to the NAMS network identified by the EPA and/or proposed by the State and agreed to by the EPA will be evaluated. These modifications should address changes invoked by a new census and changes to the network due to changing air quality levels, emission patterns, etc. The State shall be given one year (until the next annual evaluation) to implement the appropriate changes to the NAMS network.

[51 FR 9586, Mar. 19, 1986]

Subpart E—Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (PAMS)
top
Source: 58 FR 8468, Feb. 12, 1993, unless otherwise noted.

§ 58.40 PAMS network establishment.
top
(a) In addition to the plan revision, the State shall submit a photochemical assessment monitoring network description including a schedule for implementation to the Administrator within 6 months after;

(1) February 12, 1993; or

(2) Date of redesignation or reclassification of any existing O3 nonattainment area to serious, severe, or extreme; or

(3) The designation of a new area and classification to serious, severe, or extreme O3 nonattainment.

The network description will apply to all serious, severe, and extreme O3 nonattainment areas within the State. Some O3 nonattainment areas may extend beyond State or Regional boundaries. In instances where PAMS network design criteria as defined in appendix D to this part require monitoring stations located in different States and/or Regions, the network description and implementation schedule should be submitted jointly by the States involved. When appropriate, such cooperation and joint network design submittals are preferred. Network descriptions shall be submitted through the appropriate Regional Office(s). Alternative networks, including different monitoring schedules, periods, or methods, may be submitted, but they must include a demonstration that they satisfy the monitoring data uses and fulfill the PAMS monitoring objectives described in sections 4.1 and 4.2 of appendix D to this part.

(b) For purposes of plan development and approval, the stations established or designated as PAMS must be stations from the SLAMS network or become part of the SLAMS network required by §58.20.

(c) The requirements of appendix D to this part applicable to PAMS must be met when designing the PAMS network.

§ 58.41 PAMS network description.
top
The PAMS network description required by §58.40 must contain the following:

(a) Identification of the monitoring area represented.

(b) The AIRS site identification number for existing stations.

(c) The proposed location for scheduled stations.

(d) Identification of the site type and location within the PAMS network design for each station as defined in appendix D to this part except that during any year, a State may choose to submit detailed information for the site scheduled to begin operation during that year's PAMS monitoring season, and defer submittal of detailed information on the remaining sites until succeeding years. Such deferred network design phases should be submitted to EPA for approval no later than January 1 of the first year of scheduled operation. As a minimum, general information on each deferred site should be submitted each year until final approval of the complete network is obtained from the Administrator.

(e) The sampling and analysis method for each of the measurements.

(f) The operating schedule for each of the measurements.

(g) An O3 event forecasting scheme, if appropriate.

(h) A schedule for implementation. This schedule should include the following:

(1) A timetable for locating and submitting the AIRS site identification form for each scheduled PAMS that is not located at the time of submittal of the network description;

(2) A timetable for phasing-in operation of the required number and type of sites as defined in appendix D to this part; and

(3) A schedule for implementing the quality assurance procedures of appendix A to this part for each PAMS.

[58 FR 8468, Feb. 12, 1993, as amended at 64 FR 3035, Jan. 20, 1999]

§ 58.42 PAMS approval.
top
The PAMS network required by §58.40 is subject to the approval of the Administrator. Such approval will be contingent upon completion of each phase of the network description as outlined in §58.41 and upon conformance to the PAMS network design criteria contained in appendix D to this part.

§ 58.43 PAMS methodology.
top
PAMS monitors must meet the monitoring methodology requirements of appendix C to this part applicable to PAMS.

§ 58.44 PAMS network completion.
top
(a) The complete, operational PAMS network will be phased in as described in appendix D to this part over a period of 5 years after;

(1) February 12, 1993; or

(2) Date of redesignation or reclassification of any existing O3 nonattainment area to serious, severe, or extreme; or

(3) The designation of a new area and classification to serious, severe, or extreme O3 nonattainment.

(b) The quality assurance criteria of appendix A to this part must be implemented for all PAMS.

§ 58.45 PAMS data submittal.
top
(a) The requirements of this section apply only to those stations designated as PAMS by the network description required by §58.40.

(b) All data shall be submitted to the Administrator in accordance with the format, reporting periods, reporting deadlines, and other requirements as specified for NAMS in §58.35.

(c) The State shall report NO and NOX data consistent with the requirements of §58.35 for criteria pollutants.

(d) The State shall report VOC data and meteorological data within 6 months following the end of each quarterly reporting period.

§ 58.46 System modification.
top
(a) Any proposed changes to the PAMS network description will be evaluated during the annual SLAMS Network Review specified in §58.20. Changes proposed by the State must be approved by the Administrator. The State will be allowed 1 year (until the next annual evaluation) to implement the appropriate changes to the PAMS network.

(b) PAMS network requirements are mandatory only for serious, severe, and extreme O3 nonattainment areas. When any such area is redesignated to attainment, the State may revise its PAMS monitoring program subject to approval by the Administrator.

Subpart F—Air Quality Index Reporting
top
§ 58.50 Index reporting.
top(a) The State shall report to the general public through prominent notice an air quality index in accordance with the requirements of appendix G to this part. (continued)