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Regional Administrator means the Regional Administrator of EPA Region 10 or an authorized representative of the Regional Administrator.
Residual fuel oil means any oil meeting the specifications of ASTM Grade 4, Grade 5, or Grade 6 fuel oils in ASTM Method D39604, Standard Specification for Fuel Oils (incorporated by reference, see §49.123(e)).
Smudge pot means a portable heater/burner that produces thick heavy smoke and that fruit growers place around an orchard in the evening to prevent the crop from freezing at night.
Solid fuel means wood, refuse, refuse-derived fuel, tires, tire-derived fuel, and other solid combustible material (other than coal), including any combination thereof.
Solid fuel-fired boiler means a furnace or boiler used for combusting solid fuel for the primary purpose of producing steam or hot water by heat transfer.
Soot blowing means using steam or compressed air to remove carbon from a furnace or from a boiler's heat transfer surfaces.
Source means the same as air pollution source.
Stack means any point in a source that conducts air pollutants to the atmosphere, including, but not limited to, a chimney, flue, conduit, pipe, vent, or duct, but not including a flare.
Standard conditions means a temperature of 293 degrees Kelvin (68 degrees Fahrenheit, 20 degrees Celsius) and a pressure of 101.3 kilopascals (29.92 inches of mercury).
Start-up means the setting into operation of a piece of equipment.
Stationary source means any building, structure, facility, or installation that emits, or may emit, any air pollutant.
Tempering oven means any facility used to bake hardboard following an oil treatment process.
Uncombined water means droplets of water that have not combined with hygroscopic particles or do not contain dissolved solids.
Used oil means petroleum products that have been recovered from another application.
Veneer means a single flat panel of wood not exceeding 1/4 inch in thickness formed by slicing or peeling from a log.
Veneer dryer means equipment in which veneer is dried.
Visible emissions means air pollutants in sufficient amount to be observable to the human eye.
Wood means wood, wood residue, bark, or any derivative or residue thereof, in any form, including but not limited to sawdust, sanderdust, wood chips, scraps, slabs, millings, shavings, and processed pellets made from wood or other forest residues.
Wood-fired boiler means a furnace or boiler used for combusting wood for the primary purpose of producing steam or hot water by heat transfer.
Wood-fired veneer dryer means a veneer dryer that is directly heated by the products of combustion of wood in addition to, or exclusive of, steam or natural gas or propane combustion.
Woodwaste burner means a wigwam burner, teepee burner, silo burner, olivine burner, truncated cone burner, or other such woodwaste-burning device used by the wood products industry for the disposal of wood wastes.
(b) Requirement for testing. The Regional Administrator may require, in a permit to construct or a permit to operate, that a person demonstrate compliance with the General Rules for Application to Indian Reservations in EPA Region 10 by performing a source test and submitting the test results to the Regional Administrator. A person may also be required by the Regional Administrator, in a permit to construct or permit to operate, to install and operate a continuous opacity monitoring system (COMS) or a continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) to demonstrate compliance. Nothing in the General Rules for Application to Indian Reservations in EPA Region 10 limits the authority of the Regional Administrator to require, in an information request pursuant to section 114 of the Act, a person to demonstrate compliance by performing source testing, even where the source does not have a permit to construct or a permit to operate.
(c) Requirement for monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting. Nothing in the General Rules for Application to Indian Reservations in EPA Region 10 precludes the Regional Administrator from requiring monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting, including monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting in addition to that already required by an applicable requirement, in a permit to construct or permit to operate in order to ensure compliance.
(d) Credible evidence. For the purposes of submitting compliance certifications or establishing whether or not a person has violated or is in violation of any requirement, nothing in the General Rules for Application to Indian Reservations in EPA Region 10 precludes the use, including the exclusive use, of any credible evidence or information relevant to whether a source would have been in compliance with applicable requirements if the appropriate performance or compliance test had been performed.
(e) Incorporation by reference. The materials listed in this section are incorporated by reference in the corresponding sections noted. These incorporations by reference were approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. These materials are incorporated as they exist on the date of the approval, and a notice of any change in these materials will be published in the Federal Register. The materials are available for purchase at the corresponding addresses noted below, or are available for inspection at EPA's Air and Radiation Docket and Information Center, located at 1301 Constitution Avenue, NW, Room B102, Mail Code 6102T, Washington, D.C. 20004, at EPA Region 10, Office of Air, Waste, and Toxics, 10th Floor, 1200 Sixth Avenue, Seattle, Washington 98101, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call (202) 7416030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html.
(1) The materials listed below are available for purchase from at least one of the following addresses: ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 194282959; or University Microfilms International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106.
(i) ASTM D38899(Reapproved 2004)1, Standard Classification of Coals by Rank, Incorporation by reference (IBR) approved for §49.123(a).
(ii) ASTM D39604, Standard Specification for Fuel Oils, IBR approved for §49.123(a).
(iii) ASTM D24002, Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter, IBR approved for §49.123(a).
(iv) ASTM D182694(Reapproved 2003), Standard Test Method for Calorific (Heating) Value of Gases in Natural Gas Range by Continuous Recording Calorimeter, IBR approved for §49.123(a).
(v) ASTM D586504, Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke, IBR approved for §49.123(a).
(vi) ASTM E71187(Reapproved 2004) Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter, IBR approved for §49.123(a).
(vii) ASTM D288003, Standard Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils, IBR approved for §49.130(e)(1).
(viii) ASTM D429403, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Energy-Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy, IBR approved for §49.130(e)(1).
(ix) ASTM D602196(Reapproved 2001)1, Standard Test Method for Measurement of Total Hydrogen Sulfide in Residual Fuels by Multiple Headspace Extraction and Sulfur Specific Detection, IBR approved for §49.130(e)(1).
(x) ASTM D317702, Standard Test Methods for Total Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke, IBR approved for §49.130(e)(2).
(xi) ASTM D423904a, Standard Test Methods for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke Using High Temperature Tube Furnace Combustion Methods, IBR approved for §49.130(e)(2).
(xii) ASTM D249202, Standard Test Method for Forms of Sulfur in Coal, IBR approved for §49.130(e)(2).
(xiii) ASTM E77587(Reapproved 2004), Standard Test Methods for Total Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Refuse-Derived Fuel, IBR approved for §49.130(e)(3).
(xiv) ASTM D107290(Reapproved 1999), Standard Test Method for Total Sulfur in Fuel Gases, IBR approved for §49.130(e)(4).
(xv) ASTM D324696, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Gas by Oxidative Microcoulometry, IBR approved for §49.130(e)(4).
(xvi) ASTM D408494(Reapproved 1999) Standard Test Method for Analysis of Hydrogen Sulfide in Gaseous Fuels (Lead Acetate Reaction Rate Method), IBR approved for §49.130(e)(4).
(xvii) ASTM D550401, Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Chemiluminescence, IBR approved for §49.130(e)(4).
(xviii) ASTM D446885(Reapproved 2000), Standard Test Method for Total Sulfur in Gaseous Fuels by Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry, IBR approved for §49.130(e)(4).
(xix) ASTM D262203, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, IBR approved for §49.130(e)(4).
(xx) ASTM D622898(Reapproved 2003), Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Flame Photometric Detection, IBR approved for §49.130(e)(4).
§ 49.124 Rule for limiting visible emissions.
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(a) What is the purpose of this section? This section limits the visible emissions of air pollutants from certain air pollution sources operating within the Indian reservation to control emissions of particulate matter to the atmosphere and ground-level concentrations of particulate matter, to detect the violation of other requirements in the General Rules for Application to Indian Reservations in EPA Region 10, and to indicate whether a source is continuously maintained and properly operated.
(b) Who is affected by this section? This section applies to any person who owns or operates an air pollution source that emits, or could emit, particulate matter or other visible air pollutants to the atmosphere, unless exempted in paragraph (c) of this section.
(c) What is exempted from this section? This section does not apply to open burning, agricultural activities, forestry and silvicultural activities, non-commercial smoke houses, sweat houses or lodges, smudge pots, furnaces and boilers used exclusively to heat residential buildings with four or fewer dwelling units, fugitive dust from public roads owned or maintained by any Federal, Tribal, State, or local government, and emissions from fuel combustion in mobile sources.
(d) What are the opacity limits for air pollution sources? (1) The visible emissions from an air pollution source must not exceed 20% opacity, averaged over any consecutive six-minute period, unless paragraph (d)(2) or (d)(3) of this section applies to the air pollution source.
(2) The visible emissions from an air pollution source may exceed the 20% opacity limit if the owner or operator of the air pollution source demonstrates to the Regional Administrator's satisfaction that the presence of uncombined water, such as steam, is the only reason for the failure of an air pollution source to meet the 20% opacity limit.
(3) The visible emissions from an oil-fired boiler or solid fuel-fired boiler that continuously measures opacity with a continuous opacity monitoring system (COMS) may exceed the 20% opacity limit during start-up, soot blowing, and grate cleaning for a single period of up to 15 consecutive minutes in any eight consecutive hours, but must not exceed 60% opacity at any time.
(e) What is the reference method for determining compliance? (1) The reference method for determining compliance with the opacity limits is EPA Method 9. A complete description of this method is found in appendix A of 40 CFR part 60.
(2) An alternative reference method for determining compliance is a COMS that complies with Performance Specification 1 found in appendix B of 40 CFR part 60.
(f) Definitions of terms used in this section. The following terms that are used in this section, are defined in §49.123 General provisions: Act, agricultural activities, air pollutant, air pollution source, ambient air, coal, continuous opacity monitoring system (COMS), distillate fuel oil, emission, forestry or silvicultural activities, fuel, fuel oil, fugitive dust, gaseous fuel, grate cleaning, marine vessel, mobile sources, motor vehicle, nonroad engine, nonroad vehicle, oil-fired boiler, opacity, open burning, particulate matter, PM10, PM2.5, reference method, refuse, Regional Administrator, residual fuel oil, smudge pot, solid fuel, solid fuel-fired boiler, soot blowing, stack, standard conditions, start-up, stationary source, uncombined water, used oil, visible emissions, and wood.
§ 49.125 Rule for limiting the emissions of particulate matter.
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(a) What is the purpose of this section? This section limits the amount of particulate matter that may be emitted from certain air pollution sources operating within the Indian reservation to control ground-level concentrations of particulate matter.
(b) Who is affected by this section? This section applies to any person who owns or operates an air pollution source that emits, or could emit, particulate matter to the atmosphere, unless exempted in paragraph (c) of this section.
(c) What is exempted from this section? This section does not apply to woodwaste burners, furnaces and boilers used exclusively for space heating with a rated heat input capacity of less than 400,000 British thermal units (Btu) per hour, non-commercial smoke houses, sweat houses or lodges, open burning, and mobile sources.
(d) What are the particulate matter limits for air pollution sources? (1) Particulate matter emissions from a combustion source stack (except for wood-fired boilers) must not exceed an average of 0.23 grams per dry standard cubic meter (0.1 grains per dry standard cubic foot), corrected to seven percent oxygen, during any three-hour period.
(2) Particulate matter emissions from a wood-fired boiler stack must not exceed an average of 0.46 grams per dry standard cubic meter (0.2 grains per dry standard cubic foot), corrected to seven percent oxygen, during any three-hour period.
(3) Particulate matter emissions from a process source stack, or any other stack not subject to paragraph (d)(1) or (d)(2) of this section, must not exceed an average of 0.23 grams per dry standard cubic meter (0.1 grains per dry standard cubic foot) during any three-hour period.
(e) What is the reference method for determining compliance? The reference method for determining compliance with the particulate matter limits is EPA Method 5. A complete description of this method is found in appendix A of 40 CFR part 60.
(f) Definitions of terms used in this section. The following terms that are used in this section are defined in §49.123 General provisions: Act, air pollutant, air pollution source, ambient air, British thermal unit (Btu), coal, combustion source, distillate fuel oil, emission, fuel, fuel oil, gaseous fuel, heat input, incinerator, marine vessel, mobile sources, motor vehicle, nonroad engine, nonroad vehicle, open burning, particulate matter, PM10, PM2.5, process source, reference method, refuse, residual fuel oil, solid fuel, stack, standard conditions, stationary source, uncombined water, used oil, wood, wood-fired boiler, and woodwaste burner.
§ 49.126 Rule for limiting fugitive particulate matter emissions.
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(a) What is the purpose of this section? This section limits the amount of fugitive particulate matter that may be emitted from certain air pollution sources operating within the Indian reservation to control ground-level concentrations of particulate matter.
(b) Who is affected by this section? This section applies to any person who owns or operates a source of fugitive particulate matter emissions.
(c) What is exempted from this section? This section does not apply to open burning, agricultural activities, forestry and silvicultural activities, sweat houses or lodges, non-commercial smoke houses, public roads owned or maintained by any Federal, Tribal, State, or local government, or activities associated with single-family residences or residential buildings with four or fewer dwelling units.
(d) What are the requirements for sources of fugitive particulate matter emissions? (1) The owner or operator of any source of fugitive particulate matter emissions, including any source or activity engaged in materials handling or storage, construction, demolition, or any other operation that is or may be a source of fugitive particulate matter emissions, must take all reasonable precautions to prevent fugitive particulate matter emissions and must maintain and operate the source to minimize fugitive particulate matter emissions.
(2) Reasonable precautions include, but are not limited to the following:
(i) Use, where possible, of water or chemicals for control of dust in the demolition of buildings or structures, construction operations, grading of roads, or clearing of land.
(ii) Application of asphalt, oil (but not used oil), water, or other suitable chemicals on unpaved roads, materials stockpiles, and other surfaces that can create airborne dust.
(iii) Full or partial enclosure of materials stockpiles in cases where application of oil, water, or chemicals is not sufficient or appropriate to prevent particulate matter from becoming airborne.
(iv) Implementation of good housekeeping practices to avoid or minimize the accumulation of dusty materials that have the potential to become airborne, and the prompt cleanup of spilled or accumulated materials.
(v) Installation and use of hoods, fans, and fabric filters to enclose and vent the handling of dusty materials.
(vi) Adequate containment during sandblasting or other similar operations.
(vii) Covering, at all times when in motion, open bodied trucks transporting materials likely to become airborne.
(viii) The prompt removal from paved streets of earth or other material that does or may become airborne.
(e) Are there additional requirements that must be met? (1) A person subject to this section must:
(i) Annually survey the air pollution source(s) during typical operating conditions and meteorological conditions conducive to producing fugitive dust to determine the sources of fugitive particulate matter emissions. For new sources or new operations, a survey must be conducted within 30 days after commencing operation. Document the results of the survey, including the date and time of the survey and identification of any sources of fugitive particulate matter emissions found.
(ii) If sources of fugitive particulate matter emissions are present, determine the reasonable precautions that will be taken to prevent fugitive particulate matter emissions.
(iii) Prepare, and update as necessary following each survey, a written plan that specifies the reasonable precautions that will be taken and the procedures to be followed to prevent fugitive particulate matter emissions, including appropriate monitoring and recordkeeping. For construction or demolition activities, a written plan must be prepared prior to commencing construction or demolition.
(iv) Implement the written plan, and maintain and operate the source to minimize fugitive particulate matter emissions.
(v) Maintain records for five years that document the surveys and the reasonable precautions that were taken to prevent fugitive particulate matter emissions.
(2) The Regional Administrator may require specific actions to prevent fugitive particulate matter emissions, or impose conditions to maintain and operate the air pollution source to minimize fugitive particulate matter emissions, in a permit to construct or a permit to operate for the source.
(3) Efforts to comply with this section cannot be used as a reason for not complying with other applicable laws and ordinances.
(f) Definitions of terms used in this section. The following terms that are used in this section are defined in §49.123 General provisions: Agricultural activities, air pollutant, air pollution source, ambient air, emission, forestry or silvicultural activities, fugitive dust, fugitive particulate matter, owner or operator, particulate matter, permit to construct, permit to operate, PM10, PM2.5, Regional Administrator, source, stack, and uncombined water.
§ 49.127 Rule for woodwaste burners.
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(a) What is the purpose of this section? This section phases out the operation of woodwaste burners (commonly known as wigwam or teepee burners), and in the interim, limits the visible emissions from woodwaste burners within the Indian reservation to control emissions of particulate matter to the atmosphere and ground-level concentrations of particulate matter.
(b) Who is affected by this section? This section applies to any person who owns or operates a woodwaste burner.
(c) What are the requirements for woodwaste burners? (1) Except as provided by paragraph (c)(3) of this section, the owner or operator of a woodwaste burner must shut down and dismantle the woodwaste burner by no later than two years after the effective date of this section. The requirement for dismantling applies to all woodwaste burners regardless of whether or not the woodwaste burners are currently operational. Until the woodwaste burner is shut down, visible emissions from the woodwaste burner must not exceed 20% opacity, averaged over any consecutive six-minute period.
(2) Until the woodwaste burner is shut down, only wood waste generated on-site may be burned or disposed of in the woodwaste burner.
(3) If there is no reasonably available alternative method of disposal for the wood waste other than by burning it on-site in a woodwaste burner, the owner or operator of the woodwaste burner that is in compliance with the opacity limit in paragraph (c)(1) of this section, may apply to the Regional Administrator for an extension of the two-year deadline. If the Regional Administrator finds that there is no reasonably available alternative method of disposal, then a two-year extension of the deadline may be granted. There is no limit to the number of extensions that may be granted by the Regional Administrator.
(d) What is the reference method for determining compliance with the opacity limit? (1) The reference method for determining compliance with the opacity limit is EPA Method 9. A complete description of this method is found in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.
(2) [Reserved]
(e) Are there additional requirements that must be met? A person subject to this section must submit a plan to shut down and dismantle the woodwaste burner to the Regional Administrator within 180 days after the effective date of this section. Unless an extension has been granted by the Regional Administrator, the woodwaste burner must be shut down and dismantled within two years after the effective date of this section. The owner or operator of the woodwaste burner must notify the Regional Administrator that the woodwaste burner has been shut down and dismantled within 30 days after completion.
(f) Definitions of terms used in this section. The following terms that are used in this section are defined in §49.123 General provisions: Air pollutant, ambient air, emission, opacity, owner or operator, particulate matter, PM10, PM2.5, reference method, Regional Administrator, stationary source, uncombined water, visible emissions, wood, and woodwaste burner.
§ 49.128 Rule for limiting particulate matter emissions from wood products industry sources.
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(a) What is the purpose of this section? This section limits the amount of particulate matter that may be emitted from certain wood products industry sources operating within the Indian reservation to control ground-level concentrations of particulate matter.
(b) Who is affected by this section? This section applies to any person who owns or operates any of the following wood products industry sources:
(1) Veneer manufacturing operations;
(2) Plywood manufacturing operations;
(3) Particleboard manufacturing operations; and
(4) Hardboard manufacturing operations.
(c) What are the PM10 emission limits for wood products industry sources? These PM10 limits are in addition to, and not in lieu of, the particulate matter limits for combustion sources and process sources.
(1) Veneer dryers at veneer manufacturing operations and plywood manufacturing operations. (i) PM10 emissions from direct natural gas fired or direct propane fired veneer dryers must not exceed 0.3 pounds per 1000 square feet of veneer dried ( 3/8inch basis), one-hour average.
(ii) PM10 emissions from steam heated veneer dryers must not exceed 0.3 pounds per 1000 square feet of veneer dried ( 3/8inch basis), one-hour average.
(iii) PM10 emissions from wood fired veneer dryers must not exceed a total of 0.3 pounds per 1000 square feet of veneer dried ( 3/8inch basis) and 0.2 pounds per 1000 pounds of steam generated in boilers, prorated for the amount of combustion gases routed to the veneer dryer, one-hour average.
(2) Wood particle dryers at particleboard manufacturing operation. PM10 emissions from wood particle dryers must not exceed a total of 0.4 pounds per 1000 square feet of board produced by the plant ( 3/4inch basis), one-hour average.
(3) Press/cooling vents at hardboard manufacturing operations. PM10 emissions from hardboard press/cooling vents must not exceed 0.3 pounds per 1000 square feet of hardboard produced ( 1/8inch basis), one-hour average.
(4) Tempering ovens at hardboard manufacturing operations. A person must not operate any hardboard tempering oven unless all gases and vapors are collected and treated in a fume incinerator capable of raising the temperature of the gases and vapors to at least 1500 degrees Fahrenheit for 0.3 seconds or longer.
(d) What is the reference method for determining compliance? The reference method for determining compliance with the PM10 limits is EPA Method 202 in conjunction with Method 201A. A complete description of these methods is found in appendix M of 40 CFR part 51.
(e) Definitions of terms used in this section. The following terms that are used in this section are defined in §49.123 General provisions: Act, combustion source, emissions, hardboard, particleboard, particulate matter, plywood, PM10, PM2.5, press/cooling vent, process source, tempering oven, veneer, veneer dryer, wood, and wood-fired veneer dryer.
§ 49.129 Rule for limiting emissions of sulfur dioxide.
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(a) What is the purpose of this section? This section limits the amount of sulfur dioxide (SO2) that may be emitted from certain air pollution sources operating within the Indian reservation to control ground-level concentrations of SO2.
(b) Who is affected by this section? This section applies to any person who owns or operates an air pollution source that emits, or could emit, SO2 to the atmosphere.
(c) What is exempted from this section? This section does not apply to furnaces and boilers used exclusively for space heating with a rated heat input capacity of less than 400,000 British thermal units (Btu) per hour, and mobile sources.
(d) What are the sulfur dioxide limits for sources? (1) Sulfur dioxide emissions from a combustion source stack must not exceed an average of 500 parts per million by volume, on a dry basis and corrected to seven percent oxygen, during any three-hour period.
(2) Sulfur dioxide emissions from a process source stack, or any other stack not subject to (d)(1) of this section, must not exceed an average of 500 parts per million by volume, on a dry basis, during any three-hour period.
(e) What are the reference methods for determining compliance? (1) The reference methods for determining compliance with the SO2 limits are EPA Methods 6, 6A, 6B, and 6C as specified in the applicability section of each method. A complete description of these methods is found in appendix A of 40 CFR part 60.
(2) An alternative reference method is a continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) that complies with Performance Specification 2 found in appendix B of 40 CFR part 60.
(f) Definitions of terms used in this section. The following terms that are used in this section are defined in §49.123 General provisions: Act, air pollutant, air pollution source, ambient air, British thermal unit (Btu), coal, combustion source, continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS), distillate fuel oil, emission, fuel, fuel oil, gaseous fuel, heat input, incinerator, marine vessel, mobile sources, motor vehicle, nonroad engine, nonroad vehicle, open burning, process source, reference method, refuse, residual fuel oil, solid fuel, stack, standard conditions, stationary source, used oil, wood, and woodwaste burner.
§ 49.130 Rule for limiting sulfur in fuels.
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(a) What is the purpose of this section? This section limits the amount of sulfur contained in fuels that are burned at stationary sources within the Indian reservation to control emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) to the atmosphere and ground-level concentrations of SO2.
(b) Who is affected by this section? This section applies to any person who sells, distributes, uses, or makes available for use, any fuel oil, coal, solid fuel, liquid fuel, or gaseous fuel within the Indian reservation.
(c) What is exempted from this section? This section does not apply to gasoline and diesel fuel, such as automotive and marine diesel, regulated under 40 CFR part 80.
(d) What are the sulfur limits for fuels? A person must not sell, distribute, use, or make available for use any fuel oil, coal, solid fuel, liquid fuel, or gaseous fuel that contains more than the following amounts of sulfur:
(1) For distillate fuel oil, 0.3 percent by weight for ASTM Grade 1 fuel oil;
(2) For distillate fuel oil, 0.5 percent by weight for ASTM Grade 2 fuel oil;
(3) For residual fuel oil, 1.75 percent sulfur by weight for ASTM Grades 4, 5, or 6 fuel oil;
(4) For used oil, 2.0 percent sulfur by weight;
(5) For any liquid fuel not listed in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(4) of this section, 2.0 percent sulfur by weight;
(6) For coal, 1.0 percent sulfur by weight;
(7) For solid fuels, 2.0 percent sulfur by weight;
(8) For gaseous fuels, 1.1 grams of sulfur per dry standard cubic meter of gaseous fuel (400 parts per million at standard conditions).
(e) What are the reference methods for determining compliance? The reference methods for determining the amount of sulfur in a fuel are as follows:
(1) Sulfur content in fuel oil or liquid fuels: ASTM methods D288003, D429403, and D602196 (Reapproved 2001) 1 (incorporated by reference, see §49.123(e));
(2) Sulfur content in coal: ASTM methods D317702, D423904a, and D249202 (incorporated by reference, see §49.123(e));
(3) Sulfur content in solid fuels: ASTM method E775871 (Reapproved 2004) (incorporated by reference, see §49.123(e));
(4) Sulfur content in gaseous fuels: ASTM methods D107290(Reapproved 1999), D324696, D4084941 (Reapproved 1999), D550401, D4468851 (Reapproved 2000), D262203, and D6228981 (Reapproved 2003) (incorporated by reference, see §49.123(e)).
(f) Are there additional requirements that must be met? (1) A person subject to this section must:
(i) For fuel oils and liquid fuels, obtain, record, and keep records of the percent sulfur by weight from the vendor for each purchase of fuel. If the vendor is unable to provide this information, then obtain a representative grab sample for each purchase and test the sample using the reference method.
(ii) For gaseous fuels, either obtain, record, and keep records of the sulfur content from the vendor, or continuously monitor the sulfur content of the fuel gas line using a method that meets the requirements of Performance Specification 5, 7, 9, or 15 (as applicable for the sulfur compounds in the gaseous fuel) of appendix B and appendix F of 40 CFR part 60. If only purchased natural gas is used, then keep records showing that the gaseous fuel meets the definition of natural gas in 40 CFR 72.2.
(iii) For coal and solid fuels, either obtain, record, and keep records of the percent sulfur by weight from the vendor for each purchase of coal or solid fuel, or obtain a representative grab sample for each day of operation and test the sample using the reference method. If only wood is used, then keep records showing that only wood was used. The owner or operator of a coal- or solid fuel-fired source may apply to the Regional Administrator for a waiver of thisprovision or for approval of an alternative fuel sampling program.
(2) Records of fuel purchases and fuel sulfur content must be kept for a period of five years from date of purchase and must be made available to the Regional Administrator upon request.
(3) The owner or occupant of a single-family residence, and the owner or manager of a residential building with four or fewer dwelling units, is not subject to the requirement to obtain and record the percent sulfur content from the vendor if the fuel used in an oil, coal, or gas furnace is purchased from a licensed fuel distributor.
(g) Definitions of terms used in this section. The following terms that are used in this section are defined in §49.123 General provisions: Act, air pollutant, ambient air, coal, distillate fuel oil, emission, fuel, fuel oil, gaseous fuel, marine vessel, mobile sources, motor vehicle, nonroad engine, nonroad vehicle, owner or operator, reference method, refuse, Regional Administrator, residual fuel oil, solid fuel, source, standard conditions, stationary source, used oil, and wood.
§ 49.131 General rule for open burning.
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(a) What is the purpose of this section? This section limits the types of materials that can be openly burned within the Indian reservation to control emissions of particulate matter and other noxious fumes to the atmosphere and ground-level concentrations of particulate matter. It is EPA's goal to eliminate open burning disposal practices where alternative methods are feasible and practicable, to encourage the development of alternative disposal methods, to emphasize resource recovery, and to encourage utilization of the highest and best practicable burning methods to minimize emissions where other disposal practices are not feasible.
(b) Who is affected by this section? This section applies to any person who conducts open burning and to the owner of the property upon which open burning is conducted.
(c) What is exempted from this section? The following open fires are exempted from this section:
(1) Outdoor fires set for cultural or traditional purposes;
(2) Fires set for cultural or traditional purposes within structures such as sweat houses or lodges;
(3) Except during a burn ban under paragraphs (d)(2) and (d)(3) of this section, fires set for recreational purposes provided that no prohibited materials are burned;
(4) Except during a burn ban under paragraphs (d)(2) and (d)(3) of this section and with prior permission from the Regional Administrator, open outdoor fires used by qualified personnel to train firefighters in the methods of fire suppression and fire fighting techniques, provided that training fires are not allowed to smolder after the training session has terminated. Prior to igniting any structure, the fire protection service must ensure that the structure does not contain any asbestos or asbestos-containing materials; batteries; stored chemicals such as pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, paints, glues, sealers, tars, solvents, household cleaners, or photographic reagents; stored linoleum, plastics, rubber, tires, or insulated wire; or hazardous wastes. Before requesting permission from the Regional Administrator, the fire protection service must notify any appropriate Tribal air pollution authority and obtain any permissions or approvals required by the Tribe, and by any other governments with applicable laws and ordinances;
(5) Except during a burn ban under paragraphs (d)(2) and (d)(3) of this section and with prior permission from the Regional Administrator, one open outdoor fire each year to dispose of fireworks and associated packaging materials. Before requesting permission from the Regional Administrator, the owner or operator must notify any appropriate Tribal air pollution authority and obtain any permissions or approvals required by the Tribe, and by any other governments with applicable laws and ordinances;
(6) Except during a burn ban under paragraphs (d)(2) and (d)(3) of this section, open burning for the disposal of diseased animals or other material by order of a public health official.
(d) What are the requirements for open burning? (1) A person must not openly burn, or allow the open burning of, the following materials:
(i) Garbage;
(ii) Dead animals or parts of dead animals;
(iii) Junked motor vehicles or any materials resulting from a salvage operation;
(iv) Tires or rubber materials or products;
(v) Plastics, plastic products, or styrofoam;
(vi) Asphalt or composition roofing, or any other asphaltic material or product;
(vii) Tar, tarpaper, petroleum products, or paints;
(viii) Paper, paper products, or cardboard other than what is necessary to start a fire or that is generated at single-family residences or residential buildings with four or fewer dwelling units and is burned at the residential site;
(ix) Lumber or timbers treated with preservatives;
(x) Construction debris or demolition waste;
(xi) Pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, or other chemicals;
(xii) Insulated wire;
(xiii) Batteries;
(xiv) Light bulbs;
(xv) Materials containing mercury (e.g., thermometers);
(xvi) Asbestos or asbestos-containing materials;
(xvii) Pathogenic wastes;
(xviii) Hazardous wastes; or
(xix) Any material other than natural vegetation that normally emits dense smoke or noxious fumes when burned.
(2) Except for exempted fires set for cultural or traditional purposes, all open burning is prohibited whenever the Regional Administrator declares a burn ban due to deteriorating air quality. A burn ban may be declared whenever the Regional Administrator determines that air quality levels have exceeded, or are expected to exceed, 75% of any national ambient air quality standard for particulate matter, and these levels are projected to continue or reoccur over at least the next 24 hours.
(3) Except for exempted fires set for cultural or traditional purposes, all open burning is prohibited whenever the Regional Administrator issues an air stagnation advisory or declares an air pollution alert, air pollution warning, or air pollution emergency pursuant to §49.137 Rule for air pollution episodes.
(4) Nothing in this section exempts or excuses any person from complying with applicable laws and ordinances of local fire departments and other governmental jurisdictions.
(e) Are there additional requirements that must be met? (1) A person subject to this section must conduct open burning as follows:
(i) All materials to be openly burned must be kept as dry as possible through the use of a cover or dry storage;
(ii) Before igniting a burn, noncombustibles must be separated from the materials to be openly burned to the greatest extent practicable;
(iii) Natural or artificially induced draft must be present, including the use of blowers or air curtain incinerators where practicable;
(iv) To the greatest extent practicable, materials to be openly burned must be separated from the grass or peat layer; and
(v) A fire must not be allowed to smolder.
(2) Except for exempted fires set for cultural or traditional purposes, a person must not initiate any open burning when:
(i) The Regional Administrator has declared a burn ban;
(ii) An air stagnation advisory has been issued or an air pollution alert, warning, or emergency has been declared by the Regional Administrator.
(3) Except for exempted fires set for cultural or traditional purposes, any person conducting open burning when such an advisory is issued or declaration is made must either immediately extinguish the fire, or immediately withhold additional material such that the fire burns down.
(f) Definitions of terms used in this section. The following terms that are used in this section are defined in §49.123 General provisions: Air pollutant, ambient air, emission, open burning, particulate matter, PM10, PM2.5, Regional Administrator, stack, and uncombined water.
§ 49.132 Rule for general open burning permits.
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(a) What is the purpose of this section? This section establishes a permitting program for open burning within the Indian reservation to control emissions of particulate matter and other noxious fumes to the atmosphere and ground-level concentrations of particulate matter.
(b) Who is affected by this section? This section applies to any person who conducts open burning.
(c) What is exempted from this section? The following open fires are exempted from this section:
(1) Outdoor fires set for cultural or traditional purposes;
(2) Fires set for cultural or traditional purposes within structures such as sweat houses or lodges;
(3) Fires set for recreational purposes, provided that no prohibited materials are burned;
(4) Forestry and silvicultural burning; and
(5) Agricultural burning.
(d) What are the requirements for open burning? (1) A person must apply for and obtain a permit for the open burn, have the permit available on-site during the open burn, and conduct the open burning in accordance with the terms and conditions of the permit.
(2) The date after which a person must apply for and obtain a permit under this section is identified in the implementation plan in subpart M of this part for the specific reservation where this section applies.
(3) A person must comply with the §49.131 General rule for open burning or the EPA-approved Tribal open burning rule, as applicable.
(4) Nothing in this section exempts or excuses any person from complying with any applicable laws and ordinances of local fire departments or other governmental jurisdictions.
(e) Are there additional requirements that must be met? (1) A person subject to this section must submit an application to the Regional Administrator for each proposed open burn. An application must be submitted in writing at least one working day, and no earlier than five working days, prior to the requested date that the burn would be conducted, and must contain, at a minimum, the following information:
(i) Street address of the property upon that the proposed open burning will occur, or if there is no street address of the property, the legal description of the property.
(ii) Name, mailing address, and telephone number of the person who will be responsible for conducting the proposed open burning.
(iii) A plot plan showing the location of the proposed open burning in relation to the property lines and indicating the distances and directions of the nearest residential and commercial properties.
(iv) The type and quantity of materials proposed to be burned, including the estimated volume of material to be burned and the area over which burning will be conducted.
(v) A description of the measures that will be taken to prevent escaped burns, including but not limited to the availability of water.
(vi) The requested date when the proposed open burning would be conducted and the duration of the burn if it is more than one day.
(vii) Any other information specifically requested by the Regional Administrator.
(2) If the proposed open burning is consistent with this section and §49.131 General rule for open burning, or the EPA-approved Tribal open burning rule, the Regional Administrator may issue a burn permit. The permit will authorize burning only for the requested date(s) and will include any conditions that the Regional Administrator determines are necessary to ensure compliance with this section, §49.131 General rule for open burning or the EPA-approved Tribal open burning rule, and to protect the public health and welfare.
(3) When reviewing an application, the Regional Administrator will take into consideration relevant factors including, but not limited to, the size, duration, and location of the proposed open burn, the current and projected air quality conditions, the forecasted meteorological conditions, and other scheduled burning activities in the surrounding area. Where the Regional Administrator determines that the proposed open burning can be conducted without causing an adverse impact on air quality, a permit may be issued.
(4) The Regional Administrator, to the extent practical, will coordinate the issuance of open burning permits with the open burning permit programs of surrounding jurisdictions.
(f) Definitions of terms used in this section. The following terms that are used in this section are defined in §49.123 General provisions: Agricultural burning, air pollutant, ambient air, emission, forestry or silvicultural burning, open burning, particulate matter, PM10, PM2.5, Regional Administrator, stack, and uncombined water.
§ 49.133 Rule for agricultural burning permits.
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(a) What is the purpose of this section? This section establishes a permitting program for agricultural burning within the Indian reservation to control emissions of particulate matter and other noxious fumes to the atmosphere and ground-level concentrations of particulate matter.
(b) Who is affected by this section? This section applies to any person who conducts agricultural burning.
(c) What are the requirements for agricultural burning? (1) A person must apply for a permit to conduct an agricultural burn, obtain approval of the permit on the day of the burn, have the permit available onsite during the burn, and conduct the burn in accordance with the terms and conditions of the permit.
(2) The date after which a person must apply for and obtain approval of a permit under this section is identified in the implementation plan in subpart M of this part for the specific reservation where this section applies.
(3) A person must comply with §49.131 General rule for open burning or the EPA-approved Tribal open burning rule, as applicable.
(4) Nothing in this section exempts or excuses any person from complying with any applicable laws and ordinances of local fire departments or other governmental jurisdictions.
(d) Are there additional requirements that must be met? (1) A person subject to this section must submit an application to the Regional Administrator for each proposed agricultural burn. An application must contain, at a minimum, the following information:
(i) Street address of the property upon which the proposed agricultural burning will occur or, if there is no street address of the property, the legal description of the property.
(ii) Name, mailing address, and telephone number of the applicant and the person who will be responsible for conducting the proposed agricultural burning.
(iii) A plot plan showing the location of each proposed agricultural burning area in relation to the property lines and indicating the distances and directions of the nearest residential, public, and commercial properties, roads, and other areas that could be impacted by the burning.
(iv) The type and quantity of agricultural wastes proposed to be burned, including the estimated weight of material to be burned and the area over which burning will be conducted.
(v) A description of the burning method(s) to be used (pile or stack burn, open field or broadcast burn, windrow burn, mobile field sanitizer, etc.) and the amount of material to be burned with each method.
(vi) A description of the measures that will be taken to prevent escaped burns, including but not limited to the availability of water and plowed firebreaks.
(vii) The requested date(s) when the proposed agricultural burning would be conducted.
(viii) Any other information specifically requested by the Regional Administrator.
(2) If the proposed agricultural burning is consistent with this section and §49.131 General rule for open burning, or the EPA-approved Tribal open burning rule, the Regional Administrator may approve the agricultural burning permit and authorize burning on the day burning is to be conducted after taking into consideration relevant factors including, but not limited to:
(i) The size, duration, and location of the proposed burn, the current and projected air quality conditions, the forecasted meteorological conditions, and other scheduled burning activities in the surrounding area; and
(ii) Other factors indicating whether or not the proposed agricultural burning can be conducted without causing an adverse impact on air quality.
(3) The Regional Administrator, to the extent practical, will consult with and coordinate approvals to burn with the open burning programs of surrounding jurisdictions.
(e) Definitions of terms used in this section. The following terms that are used in this section are defined in §49.123 General provisions: Agricultural burning or agricultural burn, air pollutant, ambient air, emission, open burning, particulate matter, PM10, PM2.5, Regional Administrator, stack, and uncombined water.
§ 49.134 Rule for forestry and silvicultural burning permits.
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(a) What is the purpose of this section? This section establishes a permitting program for forestry and silvicultural burning within the Indian reservation to control emissions of particulate matter and other noxious fumes to the atmosphere and ground-level concentrations of particulate matter.
(b) Who is affected by this section? This section applies to any person who conducts forestry orsilvicultural burning. (continued)