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Intervention on the High Seas Act
1-33_USC_1471_1487.txt - USC - 9/15/2006 0:00:00 - Statute - US

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33 USC CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS- UNITED STATES INTERVENTION

-CITE-
33 USC CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH
SEAS: UNITED STATES INTERVENTION 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-MISC1-
Sec.
1471. Definitions.
1472. Grave and imminent danger from oil pollution
casualties to coastline or related interests of
United States; Federal nonliability for Federal
preventive measures on the high seas.
1473. Consultations and determinations respecting creation
of hazards to human health, etc.; criteria for
determinations respecting grave and imminent dangers
of major harmful consequences to United States
coastline or related interests.
1474. Federal intervention actions.
1475. Consultation procedure.
1476. Emergencies.
1477. Reasonable measures; considerations.
1478. Personal, flag state, and foreign state
considerations.
1479. Federal liability for unreasonable damages.
(a) Payment of compensation.
(b) Jurisdiction.
(c) Burden of proof.
1480. Notification by Secretary of State.
1481. Violations; penalties.
1482. Consultation for nomination and nomination of experts,
negotiators, etc.; proposal of amendments to list of
substances other than convention oil; Presidential
acceptance of amendments.
(a) Nomination of experts and proposal of
amendments to list of substances.
(b) Consultations for designation or nomination of
negotiators, etc., provided for by convention
and protocol.
(c) Presidential acceptance of amendments to list
of substances other than convention oil in
accordance with protocol.
1483. Foreign government ships; immunity.
1484. Interpretation and administration; other right, duty,
privilege, or immunity and other remedy unaffected.
1485. Rules and regulations.
1486. Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund.
1487. Effective date.

-SECREF-
CHAPTER REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS
This chapter is referred to in sections 2702, 2703, 2704 of this
title; title 42 section 9611.

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1471 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1471. Definitions

-STATUTE-
As used in this chapter -
(1) "a substance other than convention oil" means those oils,
noxious substances, liquefied gases, and radioactive substances -

(A) enumerated in the protocol, or
(B) otherwise determined to be hazardous under section
1473(a) of this title;

(2) "convention" means the International Convention Relating to
Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Oil Pollution
Casualties, 1969, including annexes thereto;
(3) "convention oil" means crude oil, fuel oil, diesel oil, and
lubricating oil;
(4) "Secretary" means the Secretary of the department in which
the Coast Guard is operating;
(5) "ship" means -
(A) a seagoing vessel of any type whatsoever, and
(B) any floating craft, except an installation or device
engaged in the exploration and exploitation of the resources of
the seabed and the ocean floor and the subsoil thereof;

(6) "protocol" means the Protocol Relating to Intervention on
the High Seas in Cases of Marine Pollution by Substances Other
Than Oil, 1973, including annexes thereto; and
(7) "United States" means the States, the District of Columbia,
the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Canal Zone, Guam, American
Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands, the Trust Territory of
the Pacific Islands, the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas,
and any other commonwealth, territory, or possession of the
United States.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 2, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 8; Pub. L. 95-302,
Sec. 1(1), June 26, 1978, 92 Stat. 344.)

-REFTEXT-
REFERENCES IN TEXT
For definition of Canal Zone, referred to in par. (7), see
section 3602(b) of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.


-MISC1-
AMENDMENTS
1978 - Pub. L. 95-302 in cl. (1) substituted definition of "a
substance other than convention oil" for definition of "ship", in
cl. (2) substituted definition of "convention" for definition of
"oil", in cl. (3) substituted definition of "convention oil" for
definition of "convention", in cl. (5) substituted definition of
"ship" for definition of "United States", and added cls. (6) and
(7).

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1978 AMENDMENT
For effective date of amendment by Pub. L. 95-302, see section 2
of Pub. L. 95-302, set out as a note under section 1487 of this
title.

SHORT TITLE
Section 1 of Pub. L. 93-248 provided: "That this Act [enacting
this chapter] may be cited as the 'Intervention on the High Seas
Act'."


-TRANS-
TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of
the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the
Secretary of Transportation relating thereto, to the Department of
Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see
sections 468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic
Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization
Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under
section 542 of Title 6.

TERMINATION OF TRUST TERRITORY OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDS
For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see
note set out preceding section 1681 of Title 48, Territories and
Insular Possessions.

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1472 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1472. Grave and imminent danger from oil pollution casualties
to coastline or related interests of United States; Federal
nonliability for Federal preventive measures on the high seas

-STATUTE-
Whenever a ship collision, stranding, or other incident of
navigation or other occurrence on board a ship or external to it
resulting in material damage or imminent threat of material damage
to the ship or her cargo creates, as determined by the Secretary, a
grave and imminent danger to the coastline or related interests of
the United States from pollution or threat of pollution of the sea
by convention oil or of the sea or atmosphere by a substance other
than convention oil which may reasonably be expected to result in
major harmful consequences, the Secretary may, except as provided
for in section 1479 of this title, without liability for any damage
to the owners or operators of the ship, to her cargo or crew, to
underwriters or other parties interested therein, take measures on
the high seas, in accordance with the provisions of the convention,
the protocol and this chapter, to prevent, mitigate, or eliminate
that danger.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 3, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 8; Pub. L. 95-302,
Sec. 1(2), June 26, 1978, 92 Stat. 344.)


-MISC1-
AMENDMENTS
1978 - Pub. L. 95-302 substituted "convention oil or of the sea
or atmosphere by a substance other than convention oil" for "oil",
and "convention, the protocol" for "Convention".

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1978 AMENDMENT
For effective date of amendment by Pub. L. 95-302, see section 2
of Pub. L. 95-302, set out as a note under section 1487 of this
title.

-SECREF-
SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS
This section is referred to in sections 1474, 1479 of this title.

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1473 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1473. Consultations and determinations respecting creation of
hazards to human health, etc.; criteria for determinations
respecting grave and imminent dangers of major harmful
consequences to United States coastline or related interests

-STATUTE-
(a) The Secretary, after consultation with the Administrator of
the Environmental Protection Agency and the Secretary of Commerce,
shall determine when a substance other than those enumerated in the
protocol is liable to create a hazard to human health, to harm
living resources, to damage amenities, or to interfere with other
legitimate uses of the sea.
(b) In determining whether there is grave and imminent danger of
major harmful consequences to the coastline or related interests of
the United States, the Secretary shall consider the interests of
the United States directly threatened or affected including but not
limited to, human health, fish, shellfish, and other living marine
resources, wildlife, coastal zone and estuarine activities, and
public and private shorelines and beaches.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 4, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 9; Pub. L. 95-302,
Sec. 1(3), June 26, 1978, 92 Stat. 344.)


-MISC1-
AMENDMENTS
1978 - Pub. L. 95-302 added subsec. (a), designated existing
provisions as subsec. (b), and inserted "human health," before
"fish".

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1978 AMENDMENT
For effective date of amendment by Pub. L. 95-302, see section 2
of Pub. L. 95-302, set out as a note under section 1487 of this
title.

-SECREF-
SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS
This section is referred to in sections 1471, 1479 of this title.

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1474 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1474. Federal intervention actions

-STATUTE-
Upon a determination under section 1472 of this title of a grave
and imminent danger to the coastline or related interests of the
United States, the Secretary may -
(1) coordinate and direct all public and private efforts
directed at the removal or elimination of the threatened
pollution damage;
(2) directly or indirectly undertake the whole or any part of
any salvage or other action he could require or direct under
subsection (1) of this section; and
(3) remove, and, if necessary, destroy the ship and cargo which
is the source of the danger.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 5, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 9.)

-SECREF-
SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS
This section is referred to in sections 1475, 1486 of this title;
title 26 section 9509.

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1475 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1475. Consultation procedure

-STATUTE-
Before taking any measure under section 1474 of this title, the
Secretary shall -
(1) consult, through the Secretary of State, with other
countries affected by the marine casualty, and particularly with
the flag country of any ship involved;
(2) notify without delay the Administrator of the Environmental
Protection Agency and any other persons known to the Secretary,
or of whom he later becomes aware, who have interests which can
reasonably be expected to be affected by any proposed measures;
and
(3) consider any views submitted in response to the
consultation or notification required by subsections (1) and (2)
of this section.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 6, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 9.)

-SECREF-
SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS
This section is referred to in section 1476 of this title.

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1476 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1476. Emergencies

-STATUTE-
In cases of extreme urgency requiring measures to be taken
immediately, the Secretary may take those measures rendered
necessary by the urgency of the situation without the prior
consultation or notification as required by section 1475 of this
title or without the continuation of consultations already begun.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 7, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 9.)

-SECREF-
SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS
This section is referred to in section 1486 of this title; title
26 section 9509.

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1477 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1477. Reasonable measures; considerations

-STATUTE-
(a) Measures directed or conducted under this chapter shall be
proportionate to the damage, actual or threatened, to the coastline
or related interests of the United States and may not go beyond
what is reasonably necessary to prevent, mitigate, or eliminate
that damage.
(b) In considering whether measures are proportionate to the
damage the Secretary shall, among other things, consider -
(1) the extent and probability of imminent damage if those
measures are not taken;
(2) the likelihood of effectiveness of those measures; and
(3) the extent of the damage which may be caused by those
measures.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 8, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 9.)

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1478 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1478. Personal, flag state, and foreign state considerations

-STATUTE-
In the direction and conduct of measures under this chapter the
Secretary shall use his best endeavors to -
(1) assure the avoidance of risk to human life;
(2) render all possible aid to distressed persons, including
facilitating repatriation of ships' crews; and
(3) not unnecessarily interfere with rights and interests of
others, including the flag state of any ship involved, other
foreign states threatened by damage, and persons otherwise
concerned.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 9, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 9.)

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1479 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1479. Federal liability for unreasonable damages

-STATUTE-
(a) Payment of compensation
The United States shall be obliged to pay compensation to the
extent of the damage caused by measures which exceed those
reasonably necessary to achieve the end mentioned in section 1472
of this title.
(b) Jurisdiction
Actions against the United States seeking compensation for any
excessive measures may be brought in the United States Court of
Federal Claims, in any district court of the United States, and in
those courts enumerated in section 460 of title 28. For purposes of
this chapter, American Samoa shall be included within the judicial
district of the District Court of the United States for the
District of Hawaii, and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
shall be included within the judicial districts of both the
District Court of the United States for the District of Hawaii and
the District Court of Guam.
(c) Burden of proof
With respect to intervention for a substance identified pursuant
to section 1473(a) of this title, the United States has the burden
of establishing that, under the circumstances present at the time
of the intervention, the substance could reasonably pose a grave
and imminent danger analogous to that posed by a substance
enumerated in the protocol.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 10, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 10; Pub. L.
95-302, Sec. 1(4), June 26, 1978, 92 Stat. 345; Pub. L. 97-164,
title I, Sec. 161(6), Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 49; Pub. L. 102-572,
title IX, Sec. 902(b)(1), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4516.)


-MISC1-
AMENDMENTS
1992 - Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 102-572 substituted "United States
Court of Federal Claims" for "United States Claims Court".
1982 - Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97-164 substituted "Claims Court" for
"Court of Claims".
1978 - Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 95-302 added subsec. (c).

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1992 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 102-572 effective Oct. 29, 1992, see section
911 of Pub. L. 102-572, set out as a note under section 171 of
Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1982 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 97-164 effective Oct. 1, 1982, see section
402 of Pub. L. 97-164, set out as a note under section 171 of Title
28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1978 AMENDMENT
For effective date of amendment by Pub. L. 95-302, see section 2
of Pub. L. 95-302, set out as a note under section 1487 of this
title.


-TRANS-
TERMINATION OF TRUST TERRITORY OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDS
For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see
note set out preceding section 1681 of Title 48, Territories and
Insular Possessions.

-SECREF-
SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS
This section is referred to in section 1472 of this title.

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1480 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1480. Notification by Secretary of State

-STATUTE-
The Secretary of State shall notify without delay foreign states
concerned, the Secretary-General of the Inter-Governmental Maritime
Consultative Organization, and persons affected by measures taken
under this chapter.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 11, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 10.)

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1481 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1481. Violations; penalties

-STATUTE-
(a) A person commits a class A misdemeanor if that person -
(1) willfully violates a provision of this chapter or a
regulation issued thereunder; or
(2) willfully refuses or fails to comply with any lawful order
or direction given pursuant to this chapter; or
(3) willfully obstructs any person who is acting in compliance
with an order or direction under this chapter.

(b) In a criminal proceeding for an offense under paragraph (1)
or (2) of subsection (a) of this section it shall be a defense for
the accused to prove that he used all due diligence to comply with
any order or direction that he had reasonable cause to believe that
compliance would have resulted in serious risk to human life.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 12, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 10; Pub. L.
101-380, title IV, Sec. 4302(l), Aug. 18, 1990, 104 Stat. 539.)


-MISC1-
AMENDMENTS
1990 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101-380 substituted "A person commits
a class A misdemeanor if that person" for "Any person who" in
introductory provisions and struck out ", shall be fined not more
than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both" after
"under this chapter" in par. (3).

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1990 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 101-380 applicable to incidents occurring
after Aug. 18, 1990, see section 1020 of Pub. L. 101-380, set out
as an Effective Date note under section 2701 of this title.

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1482 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1482. Consultation for nomination and nomination of experts,
negotiators, etc.; proposal of amendments to list of substances
other than convention oil; Presidential acceptance of amendments

-STATUTE-
(a) Nomination of experts and proposal of amendments to list of
substances
The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of State and
the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, may
nominate individuals to the list of experts provided for in article
III of the convention and article II of the protocol and may
propose amendments to the list of substances other than convention
oil in accordance with article III of the protocol.
(b) Consultations for designation or nomination of negotiators,
etc., provided for by convention and protocol
The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary, shall
designate or nominate, as appropriate and necessary, the
negotiators, conciliators, or arbitrators provided for by the
convention and the protocol.
(c) Presidential acceptance of amendments to list of substances
other than convention oil in accordance with protocol
The President may accept amendments to the list of substances
other than convention oil in accordance with article III of the
protocol.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 13, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 10; Pub. L.
95-302, Sec. 1(5), June 26, 1978, 92 Stat. 345.)


-MISC1-
AMENDMENTS
1978 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 95-302, Sec. 1(5)(A), inserted
provisions relating to applicability of article II of the protocol
and provisions for proposal of amendments to the list of substances
other than convention oil.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 95-302, Sec. 1(5)(B), substituted "protocol"
for "annexes thereto".
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 95-302, Sec. 1(5)(C), added subsec. (c).

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1978 AMENDMENT
For effective date of amendment by Pub. L. 95-302, see section 2
of Pub. L. 95-302, set out as a note under section 1487 of this
title.

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1483 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1483. Foreign government ships; immunity

-STATUTE-
No measures may be taken under authority of this chapter against
any warship or other ship owned or operated by a country and used,
for the time being, only on Government noncommercial service.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 14, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 10.)

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1484 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1484. Interpretation and administration; other right, duty,
privilege, or immunity and other remedy unaffected

-STATUTE-
This chapter shall be interpreted and administered in a manner
consistent with the convention, the protocol, and other
international law. Except as specifically provided, nothing in this
chapter may be interpreted to prejudice any otherwise applicable
right, duty, privilege, or immunity or deprive any country or
person of any remedy otherwise applicable.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 15, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 10; Pub. L.
95-302, Sec. 1(6), June 26, 1978, 92 Stat. 345.)


-MISC1-
AMENDMENTS
1978 - Pub. L. 95-302 inserted ", the protocol," after
"convention".

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1978 AMENDMENT
For effective date of amendment by Pub. L. 95-302, see section 2
of Pub. L. 95-302, set out as a note under section 1487 of this
title.

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1485 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1485. Rules and regulations

-STATUTE-
The Secretary may issue reasonable rules and regulations which he
considers appropriate and necessary for the effective
implementation of this chapter.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 16, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 10.)

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1486 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1486. Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund

-STATUTE-
The Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund shall be available to the
Secretary for actions taken under sections 1474 and 1476 of this
title.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 17, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 10; Pub. L.
101-380, title II, Sec. 2001, Aug. 18, 1990, 104 Stat. 506.)


-MISC1-
AMENDMENTS
1990 - Pub. L. 101-380 amended section generally. Prior to
amendment, section read as follows: "The revolving fund established
under section 1321(k) of this title shall be available to the
Secretary for Federal actions and activities under section 1474 of
this title."

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1990 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 101-380 applicable to incidents occurring
after Aug. 18, 1990, see section 1020 of Pub. L. 101-380, set out
as an Effective Date note under section 2701 of this title.

-End-



-CITE-
33 USC Sec. 1487 01/19/04

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 33 - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 28 - POLLUTION CASUALTIES ON THE HIGH SEAS: UNITED STATES
INTERVENTION

-HEAD-
Sec. 1487. Effective date

-STATUTE-
This chapter shall be effective upon February 5, 1974, or upon
the date the convention becomes effective as to the United States,
whichever is later.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 93-248, Sec. 18, Feb. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 10.)

-REFTEXT-
REFERENCES IN TEXT
The date the convention became effective as to the United States,
referred to in text, is May 6, 1975.


-MISC1-
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1978 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 95-302, Sec. 2, June 26, 1978, 92 Stat. 345, provided
that: "This Act [amending sections 1471 to 1473, 1479, 1482, and
1484 of this title] shall be effective upon the date of enactment
[June 26, 1978], or upon the date the protocol becomes effective as
to the United States, whichever is later." [The protocol was
adopted by the United States on Sept. 7, 1978, to be effective as
to the United States upon its adoption by 15 countries. The
protocol became effective as to the United States Mar. 30, 1983.

-End-
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